Topic: Monthly Retail Trade in the US. (1992-2022)

Outline:

Step 1 : Find and download the dataset on the website: “https://www.census.gov/retail/index.html”.

Step 2 : Import and tidy data.

Step 3 : Plot to find out.

Explore:

path <- "/Users/audrey/MyRworkspace/mrtssales92-present.xlsx"

# access sheets 
sheet = excel_sheets(path)
print(sheet)
##  [1] "2022" "2021" "2020" "2019" "2018" "2017" "2016" "2015" "2014" "2013"
## [11] "2012" "2011" "2010" "2009" "2008" "2007" "2006" "2005" "2004" "2003"
## [21] "2002" "2001" "2000" "1999" "1998" "1997" "1996" "1995" "1994" "1993"
## [31] "1992"
# n- dimension. Only need meaningful business data.
df_nd = lapply(setNames(sheet, sheet), 
         function(x) read_excel(path, sheet=x, range = 'c80:n110', col_names = paste(month.abb, x, sep = " ")))

df_nd = bind_cols(df_nd)
dim(df_nd)
## [1]  31 372
# remove nan cols
df_nd = subset(df_nd, select = -c(`Dec 2022`))
dim(df_nd)
## [1]  31 371
# remove nan rows
df_nd[] <- lapply(df_nd, function(x) as.numeric(as.character(x)))
## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion

## Warning in FUN(X[[i]], ...): NAs introduced by coercion
df_nd <- na.omit(df_nd)
dim(df_nd)
## [1]  29 371
# no nans
sum(is.na(df_nd))
## [1] 0
# save orignal col order
df_nd_old_order <- df_nd

dim(df_nd)
## [1]  29 371
dim(df_nd_old_order)
## [1]  29 371
# reorder cols
new_order = as.character(sort(as.yearmon(colnames(df_nd)), decreasing=FALSE))
df_nd <- df_nd[, new_order]
head(df_nd, 3)
## # A tibble: 3 × 371
##   `Jan 1992` `Feb 1992` Mar 19…¹ Apr 1…² May 1…³ Jun 1…⁴ Jul 1…⁵ Aug 1…⁶ Sep 1…⁷
##        <dbl>      <dbl>    <dbl>   <dbl>   <dbl>   <dbl>   <dbl>   <dbl>   <dbl>
## 1      33478      33817    33336   33776   34357   34781   35199   34585   35890
## 2      30167      30457    29891   30361   30847   31260   31729   31124   32369
## 3       3311       3360     3445    3415    3510    3521    3470    3461    3521
## # … with 362 more variables: `Oct 1992` <dbl>, `Nov 1992` <dbl>,
## #   `Dec 1992` <dbl>, `Jan 1993` <dbl>, `Feb 1993` <dbl>, `Mar 1993` <dbl>,
## #   `Apr 1993` <dbl>, `May 1993` <dbl>, `Jun 1993` <dbl>, `Jul 1993` <dbl>,
## #   `Aug 1993` <dbl>, `Sep 1993` <dbl>, `Oct 1993` <dbl>, `Nov 1993` <dbl>,
## #   `Dec 1993` <dbl>, `Jan 1994` <dbl>, `Feb 1994` <dbl>, `Mar 1994` <dbl>,
## #   `Apr 1994` <dbl>, `May 1994` <dbl>, `Jun 1994` <dbl>, `Jul 1994` <dbl>,
## #   `Aug 1994` <dbl>, `Sep 1994` <dbl>, `Oct 1994` <dbl>, `Nov 1994` <dbl>, …
# label
group <- c('vehicle',
'vehicle',
'vehicle',
'furniture',
'furniture',
'furniture',
'furniture',
'furniture',
'grocery',
'grocery',
'grocery',
'health',
'health',
'fuel',
'clothing',
'clothing',
'clothing',
'clothing',
'art',
'general',
'general',
'general',
'general',
'general',
'general',
'eshop',
'eshop',
'fuel',
'restaurant')

# grouping
df_nd <- data.frame(group = group, df_nd)
df_nd <- aggregate(. ~ group, df_nd, sum)

# info
dim(df_nd)
## [1]  10 372
str(df_nd)
## 'data.frame':    10 obs. of  372 variables:
##  $ group   : chr  "art" "clothing" "eshop" "fuel" ...
##  $ Jan.1992: num  3385 20713 9183 14085 36160 ...
##  $ Feb.1992: num  3516 20689 8742 13778 36480 ...
##  $ Mar.1992: num  3482 20520 8495 13966 36616 ...
##  $ Apr.1992: num  3535 21023 9084 14174 36386 ...
##  $ May.1992: num  3512 20827 9424 14361 36445 ...
##  $ Jun.1992: num  3549 21096 9718 14307 36696 ...
##  $ Jul.1992: num  3586 21200 10129 14358 36806 ...
##  $ Aug.1992: num  3512 21610 9903 14500 37007 ...
##  $ Sep.1992: num  3566 21633 9778 14684 37159 ...
##  $ Oct.1992: num  3607 21666 9727 14770 37183 ...
##  $ Nov.1992: num  3626 21496 9639 14817 37067 ...
##  $ Dec.1992: num  3800 22038 9629 14919 37859 ...
##  $ Jan.1993: num  3648 22785 9828 14724 39031 ...
##  $ Feb.1993: num  3585 21658 10010 14981 38854 ...
##  $ Mar.1993: num  3608 21084 10240 15097 38486 ...
##  $ Apr.1993: num  3749 21851 10084 14935 39230 ...
##  $ May.1993: num  3746 22122 10539 14948 40020 ...
##  $ Jun.1993: num  3702 21988 10022 14947 39952 ...
##  $ Jul.1993: num  3810 22351 10282 14997 40385 ...
##  $ Aug.1993: num  3804 21951 10274 14877 40587 ...
##  $ Sep.1993: num  3825 22275 10924 14924 40589 ...
##  $ Oct.1993: num  3817 22085 10906 15267 40855 ...
##  $ Nov.1993: num  3930 22127 11264 15292 41616 ...
##  $ Dec.1993: num  4018 21983 11143 15080 42334 ...
##  $ Jan.1994: num  3981 21940 11454 15360 41623 ...
##  $ Feb.1994: num  4095 22286 11420 15490 42120 ...
##  $ Mar.1994: num  4131 22710 11678 15502 43547 ...
##  $ Apr.1994: num  4035 22147 11967 15255 44224 ...
##  $ May.1994: num  4119 21871 11716 15238 44459 ...
##  $ Jun.1994: num  4135 22263 11975 15614 44820 ...
##  $ Jul.1994: num  4111 22252 11963 15907 45224 ...
##  $ Aug.1994: num  4249 22670 12211 16301 45867 ...
##  $ Sep.1994: num  4306 22217 12040 16237 46240 ...
##  $ Oct.1994: num  4347 22905 12318 16282 47055 ...
##  $ Nov.1994: num  4221 22869 12078 16401 46915 ...
##  $ Dec.1994: num  4255 22815 12325 16385 48294 ...
##  $ Jan.1995: num  4436 22784 12272 16366 47923 ...
##  $ Feb.1995: num  4298 21999 12323 16601 47124 ...
##  $ Mar.1995: num  4347 22546 12284 16485 47236 ...
##  $ Apr.1995: num  4345 22362 12536 16668 46786 ...
##  $ May.1995: num  4380 22681 12795 16956 47221 ...
##  $ Jun.1995: num  4421 22647 12698 17020 47574 ...
##  $ Jul.1995: num  4429 22406 12904 16947 47825 ...
##  $ Aug.1995: num  4462 22277 13168 16905 48225 ...
##  $ Sep.1995: num  4441 23107 13433 16860 48788 ...
##  $ Oct.1995: num  4414 22368 13271 16539 49101 ...
##  $ Nov.1995: num  4532 23086 13905 16750 49658 ...
##  $ Dec.1995: num  4505 22830 14351 17130 50738 ...
##  $ Jan.1996: num  4600 22716 13762 17365 48988 ...
##  $ Feb.1996: num  4485 23256 14257 17324 49191 ...
##  $ Mar.1996: num  4548 23104 14459 17887 50149 ...
##  $ Apr.1996: num  4628 23376 14531 18131 50466 ...
##  $ May.1996: num  4432 23537 14447 18281 50828 ...
##  $ Jun.1996: num  4609 23416 14646 18111 51605 ...
##  $ Jul.1996: num  4655 23130 14632 17850 51276 ...
##  $ Aug.1996: num  4738 23237 14569 17811 51693 ...
##  $ Sep.1996: num  4690 23608 15021 17927 52117 ...
##  $ Oct.1996: num  4769 23720 15246 18243 52201 ...
##  $ Nov.1996: num  4692 23239 15783 18576 52476 ...
##  $ Dec.1996: num  4940 23471 16227 18719 51825 ...
##  $ Jan.1997: num  4748 23655 15313 18885 51994 ...
##  $ Feb.1997: num  4666 23563 15792 18760 53238 ...
##  $ Mar.1997: num  4698 23842 16243 18721 53836 ...
##  $ Apr.1997: num  4725 22943 16553 18471 53982 ...
##  $ May.1997: num  4763 23403 16318 18198 54063 ...
##  $ Jun.1997: num  4838 23865 16497 18183 54392 ...
##  $ Jul.1997: num  4786 24030 16676 18209 54638 ...
##  $ Aug.1997: num  4745 24284 16295 18562 54953 ...
##  $ Sep.1997: num  4827 24242 16829 18550 55501 ...
##  $ Oct.1997: num  4878 24315 16603 18486 55436 ...
##  $ Nov.1997: num  5015 24391 16698 18554 55608 ...
##  $ Dec.1997: num  4915 24742 16571 18325 56049 ...
##  $ Jan.1998: num  4834 24811 16607 17740 56644 ...
##  $ Feb.1998: num  5027 24857 17014 17598 56671 ...
##  $ Mar.1998: num  5008 24779 17307 17386 56737 ...
##  $ Apr.1998: num  5036 25464 17554 17456 57109 ...
##  $ May.1998: num  4986 25077 17941 17709 57279 ...
##  $ Jun.1998: num  5083 25319 17489 17619 57597 ...
##  $ Jul.1998: num  5032 25638 18397 17757 58039 ...
##  $ Aug.1998: num  5057 25382 18187 17450 58251 ...
##  $ Sep.1998: num  5047 24847 18143 17383 58213 ...
##  $ Oct.1998: num  5108 25577 18564 17488 58789 ...
##  $ Nov.1998: num  5093 25955 18572 17565 59421 ...
##  $ Dec.1998: num  5154 25931 18450 17840 60064 ...
##  $ Jan.1999: num  5122 26239 18822 17879 60105 ...
##  $ Feb.1999: num  5292 26308 19209 17703 60891 ...
##  $ Mar.1999: num  5273 26657 19397 18194 60994 ...
##  $ Apr.1999: num  5277 26839 19880 18735 61103 ...
##  $ May.1999: num  5328 27262 20176 18891 61549 ...
##  $ Jun.1999: num  5367 27208 20257 18777 61955 ...
##  $ Jul.1999: num  5326 26937 20602 19430 62508 ...
##  $ Aug.1999: num  5290 27171 21019 19863 63000 ...
##  $ Sep.1999: num  5385 27096 21427 20103 63266 ...
##  $ Oct.1999: num  5373 27065 21462 20425 64060 ...
##  $ Nov.1999: num  5414 27090 21326 20731 64497 ...
##  $ Dec.1999: num  5455 27267 22100 21903 65064 ...
##  $ Jan.2000: num  5232 26772 22598 21287 66580 ...
##  $ Feb.2000: num  5541 27296 23027 22405 66066 ...
##   [list output truncated]
df_nd_series <- names(df_nd)
head(df_nd)
##       group Jan.1992 Feb.1992 Mar.1992 Apr.1992 May.1992 Jun.1992 Jul.1992
## 1       art     3385     3516     3482     3535     3512     3549     3586
## 2  clothing    20713    20689    20520    21023    20827    21096    21200
## 3     eshop     9183     8742     8495     9084     9424     9718    10129
## 4      fuel    14085    13778    13966    14174    14361    14307    14358
## 5 furniture    36160    36480    36616    36386    36445    36696    36806
## 6   general    49821    50442    50253    50636    50757    50654    50614
##   Aug.1992 Sep.1992 Oct.1992 Nov.1992 Dec.1992 Jan.1993 Feb.1993 Mar.1993
## 1     3512     3566     3607     3626     3800     3648     3585     3608
## 2    21610    21633    21666    21496    22038    22785    21658    21084
## 3     9903     9778     9727     9639     9629     9828    10010    10240
## 4    14500    14684    14770    14817    14919    14724    14981    15097
## 5    37007    37159    37183    37067    37859    39031    38854    38486
## 6    51544    51785    52492    53299    55005    54167    53953    53645
##   Apr.1993 May.1993 Jun.1993 Jul.1993 Aug.1993 Sep.1993 Oct.1993 Nov.1993
## 1     3749     3746     3702     3810     3804     3825     3817     3930
## 2    21851    22122    21988    22351    21951    22275    22085    22127
## 3    10084    10539    10022    10282    10274    10924    10906    11264
## 4    14935    14948    14947    14997    14877    14924    15267    15292
## 5    39230    40020    39952    40385    40587    40589    40855    41616
## 6    54904    55423    55507    56336    56285    56724    57388    57452
##   Dec.1993 Jan.1994 Feb.1994 Mar.1994 Apr.1994 May.1994 Jun.1994 Jul.1994
## 1     4018     3981     4095     4131     4035     4119     4135     4111
## 2    21983    21940    22286    22710    22147    21871    22263    22252
## 3    11143    11454    11420    11678    11967    11716    11975    11963
## 4    15080    15360    15490    15502    15255    15238    15614    15907
## 5    42334    41623    42120    43547    44224    44459    44820    45224
## 6    58104    57370    58289    59901    59189    59268    60139    60295
##   Aug.1994 Sep.1994 Oct.1994 Nov.1994 Dec.1994 Jan.1995 Feb.1995 Mar.1995
## 1     4249     4306     4347     4221     4255     4436     4298     4347
## 2    22670    22217    22905    22869    22815    22784    21999    22546
## 3    12211    12040    12318    12078    12325    12272    12323    12284
## 4    16301    16237    16282    16401    16385    16366    16601    16485
## 5    45867    46240    47055    46915    48294    47923    47124    47236
## 6    61044    61401    62017    62276    62821    63558    61762    62967
##   Apr.1995 May.1995 Jun.1995 Jul.1995 Aug.1995 Sep.1995 Oct.1995 Nov.1995
## 1     4345     4380     4421     4429     4462     4441     4414     4532
## 2    22362    22681    22647    22406    22277    23107    22368    23086
## 3    12536    12795    12698    12904    13168    13433    13271    13905
## 4    16668    16956    17020    16947    16905    16860    16539    16750
## 5    46786    47221    47574    47825    48225    48788    49101    49658
## 6    63521    63928    64517    65036    64793    65380    64636    65479
##   Dec.1995 Jan.1996 Feb.1996 Mar.1996 Apr.1996 May.1996 Jun.1996 Jul.1996
## 1     4505     4600     4485     4548     4628     4432     4609     4655
## 2    22830    22716    23256    23104    23376    23537    23416    23130
## 3    14351    13762    14257    14459    14531    14447    14646    14632
## 4    17130    17365    17324    17887    18131    18281    18111    17850
## 5    50738    48988    49191    50149    50466    50828    51605    51276
## 6    65896    64765    65851    65953    67406    68152    67761    68064
##   Aug.1996 Sep.1996 Oct.1996 Nov.1996 Dec.1996 Jan.1997 Feb.1997 Mar.1997
## 1     4738     4690     4769     4692     4940     4748     4666     4698
## 2    23237    23608    23720    23239    23471    23655    23563    23842
## 3    14569    15021    15246    15783    16227    15313    15792    16243
## 4    17811    17927    18243    18576    18719    18885    18760    18721
## 5    51693    52117    52201    52476    51825    51994    53238    53836
## 6    68504    68915    69805    69500    70180    70805    71140    71133
##   Apr.1997 May.1997 Jun.1997 Jul.1997 Aug.1997 Sep.1997 Oct.1997 Nov.1997
## 1     4725     4763     4838     4786     4745     4827     4878     5015
## 2    22943    23403    23865    24030    24284    24242    24315    24391
## 3    16553    16318    16497    16676    16295    16829    16603    16698
## 4    18471    18198    18183    18209    18562    18550    18486    18554
## 5    53982    54063    54392    54638    54953    55501    55436    55608
## 6    70858    70971    71497    72782    72823    72822    73589    73508
##   Dec.1997 Jan.1998 Feb.1998 Mar.1998 Apr.1998 May.1998 Jun.1998 Jul.1998
## 1     4915     4834     5027     5008     5036     4986     5083     5032
## 2    24742    24811    24857    24779    25464    25077    25319    25638
## 3    16571    16607    17014    17307    17554    17941    17489    18397
## 4    18325    17740    17598    17386    17456    17709    17619    17757
## 5    56049    56644    56671    56737    57109    57279    57597    58039
## 6    73442    74802    75494    75570    76636    76612    77021    77090
##   Aug.1998 Sep.1998 Oct.1998 Nov.1998 Dec.1998 Jan.1999 Feb.1999 Mar.1999
## 1     5057     5047     5108     5093     5154     5122     5292     5273
## 2    25382    24847    25577    25955    25931    26239    26308    26657
## 3    18187    18143    18564    18572    18450    18822    19209    19397
## 4    17450    17383    17488    17565    17840    17879    17703    18194
## 5    58251    58213    58789    59421    60064    60105    60891    60994
## 6    77608    78466    78912    79925    80154    81387    82546    83301
##   Apr.1999 May.1999 Jun.1999 Jul.1999 Aug.1999 Sep.1999 Oct.1999 Nov.1999
## 1     5277     5328     5367     5326     5290     5385     5373     5414
## 2    26839    27262    27208    26937    27171    27096    27065    27090
## 3    19880    20176    20257    20602    21019    21427    21462    21326
## 4    18735    18891    18777    19430    19863    20103    20425    20731
## 5    61103    61549    61955    62508    63000    63266    64060    64497
## 6    82542    83048    84167    83794    84746    85710    85660    86425
##   Dec.1999 Jan.2000 Feb.2000 Mar.2000 Apr.2000 May.2000 Jun.2000 Jul.2000
## 1     5455     5232     5541     5635     5649     5757     5686     5800
## 2    27267    26772    27296    28133    27988    28453    28129    27831
## 3    22100    22598    23027    23394    23801    23565    24340    24539
## 4    21903    21287    22405    22674    21924    22394    23107    23141
## 5    65064    66580    66066    67945    66570    66019    65348    65774
## 6    89543    86469    87733    89277    88485    89380    89792    90415
##   Aug.2000 Sep.2000 Oct.2000 Nov.2000 Dec.2000 Jan.2001 Feb.2001 Mar.2001
## 1     5633     5728     5626     5615     5601     5386     5715     5723
## 2    28572    29154    28900    29068    28558    28698    28787    28011
## 3    24914    25631    25615    25952    26856    24952    24660    24968
## 4    22853    23802    23768    24276    24913    24490    23970    22947
## 5    65500    65685    65663    64651    64815    65949    66369    66140
## 6    90932    92001    92391    92674    93156    95365    93460    92562
##   Apr.2001 May.2001 Jun.2001 Jul.2001 Aug.2001 Sep.2001 Oct.2001 Nov.2001
## 1     5658     5679     5621     5703     5775     5672     5798     6066
## 2    28970    28409    28143    28493    28923    27132    28518    28436
## 3    24867    24434    24664    24639    25050    23566    24634    24520
## 4    23900    24747    24056    22745    23006    23553    22089    21150
## 5    67610    66893    67014    67089    67172    65834    67021    68119
## 6    95546    95367    95146    96710    97343    96979    98188    99381
##   Dec.2001 Jan.2002 Feb.2002 Mar.2002 Apr.2002 May.2002 Jun.2002 Jul.2002
## 1     5797     5775     5711     5717     5799     5731     5670     5666
## 2    28793    28912    29198    29248    29285    28814    29164    28857
## 3    24491    24993    25048    25243    25700    25936    25791    26242
## 4    20717    20881    20800    21633    22816    22978    22730    23495
## 5    69038    69004    69514    69458    70946    70400    69739    69252
## 6   100556    99945   100727   100907   102034   101351   102286   101674
##   Aug.2002 Sep.2002 Oct.2002 Nov.2002 Dec.2002 Jan.2003 Feb.2003 Mar.2003
## 1     5689     5852     5839     5985     5809     5794     5576     5660
## 2    29075    28306    29619    29308    29862    29552    28706    29430
## 3    26147    25966    26282    26944    27024    26991    27660    27489
## 4    23206    23301    23795    24280    24782    25440    26518    26460
## 5    69478    69567    69273    70292    69460    70390    67224    70387
## 6   102085   101860   103486   103446   103800   103978   104792   105815
##   Apr.2003 May.2003 Jun.2003 Jul.2003 Aug.2003 Sep.2003 Oct.2003 Nov.2003
## 1     5709     5748     5908     5808     6132     5954     5841     6011
## 2    29297    29770    30213    30762    30617    30860    30598    31121
## 3    27419    27610    28069    28327    28668    29172    29457    29542
## 4    24905    24028    23985    24496    25369    25464    25033    25695
## 5    70316    71214    72652    73631    74325    74833    75539    75872
## 6   105635   106136   107223   108569   110666   109973   109649   110555
##   Dec.2003 Jan.2004 Feb.2004 Mar.2004 Apr.2004 May.2004 Jun.2004 Jul.2004
## 1     6013     6087     6093     6067     5941     5985     6017     6124
## 2    31438    31512    31812    32440    31532    31938    31602    31755
## 3    29445    30447    30845    30446    30870    31034    31258    31721
## 4    26435    27480    27816    27771    27890    29354    29487    29238
## 5    75640    75442    75659    80297    79741    79327    80252    80742
## 6   111037   112173   112167   113624   112919   114944   113019   114257
##   Aug.2004 Sep.2004 Oct.2004 Nov.2004 Dec.2004 Jan.2005 Feb.2005 Mar.2005
## 1     6192     6111     6094     6140     6122     6192     6269     6137
## 2    31818    32034    32651    32608    32850    32801    33860    33140
## 3    32093    32496    32877    33029    33345    33925    33861    34492
## 4    29087    29668    31331    32116    31690    31053    31685    32279
## 5    80628    81240    81374    81559    83298    84274    84076    84902
## 6   114640   115318   116787   117472   118745   118418   120325   119919
##   Apr.2005 May.2005 Jun.2005 Jul.2005 Aug.2005 Sep.2005 Oct.2005 Nov.2005
## 1     6318     6232     6135     6239     6274     6155     6377     6287
## 2    33812    33616    34275    33522    34105    33543    34905    34960
## 3    34811    34865    35544    35715    36858    37007    37537    37943
## 4    32731    31818    32684    33791    36409    39272    38932    36220
## 5    85827    85585    86121    86165    86825    87826    89210    89049
## 6   121489   121393   123678   123120   123701   124959   126817   126781
##   Dec.2005 Jan.2006 Feb.2006 Mar.2006 Apr.2006 May.2006 Jun.2006 Jul.2006
## 1     6462     6735     6629     6610     6580     6503     6524     6461
## 2    34996    35293    35168    35247    35747    35467    35952    36047
## 3    38524    38593    39250    40405    39725    40277    40494    40139
## 4    36307    36799    37123    37150    38704    39372    39419    40182
## 5    88199    94387    93258    92922    91949    89881    89049    88922
## 6   125613   128643   128853   128415   129719   129136   129345   129217
##   Aug.2006 Sep.2006 Oct.2006 Nov.2006 Dec.2006 Jan.2007 Feb.2007 Mar.2007
## 1     6412     6690     6589     6461     6566     6489     6494     6779
## 2    35773    37061    36860    36381    37707    37678    36951    38024
## 3    41327    41557    41811    41660    41910    41801    43494    43183
## 4    40982    38005    35996    36332    37580    36975    38509    38910
## 5    88981    88462    88095    87331    88882    89829    88109    88541
## 6   129944   131688   131881   132354   134195   135667   133782   136369
##   Apr.2007 May.2007 Jun.2007 Jul.2007 Aug.2007 Sep.2007 Oct.2007 Nov.2007
## 1     6640     6805     6850     6936     6780     6749     6834     6940
## 2    37064    37853    37467    37371    37612    37380    37426    38050
## 3    43446    43692    44048    45057    44746    45124    45720    46668
## 4    39542    40945    40189    39862    40131    41336    42426    45425
## 5    87319    88043    86960    87513    87341    86259    86148    86920
## 6   135143   135983   136216   137436   138325   137387   137948   139427
##   Dec.2007 Jan.2008 Feb.2008 Mar.2008 Apr.2008 May.2008 Jun.2008 Jul.2008
## 1     6756     6818     6751     6733     6809     6949     6879     6858
## 2    37732    37552    37133    37133    37383    37865    37918    37749
## 3    44987    44707    44830    45421    46536    47004    46875    47496
## 4    45073    45805    46036    46849    46977    48405    50517    50990
## 5    85079    84456    83683    83318    83352    84297    83635    83724
## 6   140395   140114   139339   139628   140868   143519   144535   144550
##   Aug.2008 Sep.2008 Oct.2008 Nov.2008 Dec.2008 Jan.2009 Feb.2009 Mar.2009
## 1     6931     6536     6426     6431     6470     6661     6535     6360
## 2    37546    35764    35165    35079    34470    35049    35486    33736
## 3    46761    46740    45343    43346    43134    43751    44073    43642
## 4    49563    49660    44214    35100    30809    31708    32622    31545
## 5    82080    80150    78908    76022    74343    74904    74264    71574
## 6   142911   141309   140678   140693   139443   140514   140716   139603
##   Apr.2009 May.2009 Jun.2009 Jul.2009 Aug.2009 Sep.2009 Oct.2009 Nov.2009
## 1     6514     6453     6473     6455     6628     6484     6408     6307
## 2    34557    34823    34313    34730    35278    35058    35388    34895
## 3    43748    44229    45223    45949    46083    46490    46838    47055
## 4    31372    33087    36146    35725    37389    37513    37769    39408
## 5    71422    71873    71812    70802    70328    70177    68656    69642
## 6   139700   139954   139414   139295   139576   140552   141915   140392
##   Dec.2009 Jan.2010 Feb.2010 Mar.2010 Apr.2010 May.2010 Jun.2010 Jul.2010
## 1     6523     6507     6412     6515     6409     6496     6497     6516
## 2    34884    35480    35532    36655    36293    36150    35852    35921
## 3    47534    47918    47991    49395    49248    49188    50460    49930
## 4    40193    40447    39970    39856    39952    39491    38554    38601
## 5    69243    68851    69397    71842    74442    71764    71483    71035
## 6   142103   142310   144358   143511   144773   143302   143290   143136
##   Aug.2010 Sep.2010 Oct.2010 Nov.2010 Dec.2010 Jan.2011 Feb.2011 Mar.2011
## 1     6441     6469     6579     6723     6588     6565     6611     6566
## 2    36123    36338    36782    37606    37263    37395    38045    38147
## 3    51126    51519    51389    51510    52435    54286    53441    54146
## 4    39079    40288    41477    42262    44622    45199    45628    47080
## 5    70592    70805    71461    71326    72062    70526    70498    72596
## 6   143804   144480   144518   147364   146390   146264   148168   148375
##   Apr.2011 May.2011 Jun.2011 Jul.2011 Aug.2011 Sep.2011 Oct.2011 Nov.2011
## 1     6608     6542     6585     6462     6661     6686     6605     6544
## 2    38483    38323    39166    38750    38281    39682    39009    39404
## 3    54456    55090    55507    55472    56367    56362    57906    58460
## 4    47954    48627    47919    48123    48462    48452    48273    48919
## 5    72879    72889    73652    74141    74349    73960    75381    74604
## 6   149590   148938   150736   150201   150522   151609   151333   151793
##   Dec.2011 Jan.2012 Feb.2012 Mar.2012 Apr.2012 May.2012 Jun.2012 Jul.2012
## 1     6353     6575     6683     6815     6859     6869     6797     6813
## 2    39877    40054    41340    41113    40021    40062    40569    40244
## 3    58400    58469    59294    59291    59684    60821    60692    61493
## 4    48244    48541    49915    50125    49975    48930    46768    46728
## 5    75547    76182    76227    78156    75568    75135    74615    75121
## 6   151136   153594   156009   155057   154244   153573   153785   154260
##   Aug.2012 Sep.2012 Oct.2012 Nov.2012 Dec.2012 Jan.2013 Feb.2013 Mar.2013
## 1     6715     6720     6749     6675     6828     7012     7021     6899
## 2    40634    40969    40679    40741    40887    41781    41240    41333
## 3    62191    62734    62696    63633    63853    64867    64153    63846
## 4    49665    50471    51209    50050    48787    49074    52286    50807
## 5    75513    76318    75719    77348    78311    78690    79308    78838
## 6   155026   154747   155569   154982   155966   156689   158479   157613
##   Apr.2013 May.2013 Jun.2013 Jul.2013 Aug.2013 Sep.2013 Oct.2013 Nov.2013
## 1     6795     6862     6913     6938     6713     6877     6860     6875
## 2    41613    41525    41440    41971    41473    41376    42151    41188
## 3    63423    63636    63624    64399    64667    64652    64412    65670
## 4    49333    48615    48792    48974    48612    48826    48240    48239
## 5    79244    79904    79511    80144    80268    80229    80126    79856
## 6   157559   158455   158199   159020   158639   159890   159783   159855
##   Dec.2013 Jan.2014 Feb.2014 Mar.2014 Apr.2014 May.2014 Jun.2014 Jul.2014
## 1     6861     6488     6795     6803     6894     6860     6950     6922
## 2    41753    41563    41656    41952    42900    42145    42188    42425
## 3    66863    65356    66752    67906    68459    68745    70113    70217
## 4    50472    51038    51568    50674    50600    50068    48965    49030
## 5    79273    79030    79497    80581    82219    82676    82891    82366
## 6   159291   159224   161408   161910   162744   163195   163386   163730
##   Aug.2014 Sep.2014 Oct.2014 Nov.2014 Dec.2014 Jan.2015 Feb.2015 Mar.2015
## 1     7122     7043     7156     7147     7066     6939     6977     7061
## 2    42758    42277    42897    43455    43392    42675    43180    43329
## 3    70746    71297    72126    72456    72958    73165    74391    74272
## 4    49186    48573    47552    46913    43411    39554    41387    41493
## 5    83612    83784    83602    84365    83917    84160    81748    83769
## 6   164790   164034   164697   164897   164879   165420   164384   164800
##   Apr.2015 May.2015 Jun.2015 Jul.2015 Aug.2015 Sep.2015 Oct.2015 Nov.2015
## 1     7084     7121     7069     7124     7158     7188     7082     7195
## 2    43360    43827    43234    43682    43887    43522    43244    43211
## 3    75198    74937    75302    76651    76642    77612    78120    78111
## 4    40641    41979    42514    42967    41747    39443    39059    38307
## 5    84490    84924    84357    85887    86047    85657    85969    86367
## 6   164654   166191   166125   167107   166732   167388   166409   167118
##   Dec.2015 Jan.2016 Feb.2016 Mar.2016 Apr.2016 May.2016 Jun.2016 Jul.2016
## 1     7336     7292     7272     7257     7190     7246     7573     7203
## 2    43596    43267    44576    43581    43397    43611    43975    43500
## 3    79215    79916    80595    81205    81567    83065    84085    83936
## 4    37932    36818    35168    36109    37398    38417    39551    39120
## 5    87880    87087    87555    88201    86399    85932    87530    87056
## 6   167833   165478   168146   167789   167799   166996   168320   167482
##   Aug.2016 Sep.2016 Oct.2016 Nov.2016 Dec.2016 Jan.2017 Feb.2017 Mar.2017
## 1     7013     7045     7094     6952     7069     7223     7058     6974
## 2    44357    44461    43954    43515    44380    44669    43921    44120
## 3    84816    85529    86227    86589    89659    89488    89874    91108
## 4    38239    39188    40292    39797    41988    42360    42689    42363
## 5    86982    86921    86718    86855    86816    88094    88403    88442
## 6   167654   166516   168205   167211   167163   170875   169315   169829
##   Apr.2017 May.2017 Jun.2017 Jul.2017 Aug.2017 Sep.2017 Oct.2017 Nov.2017
## 1     7046     6951     6963     6854     6921     6985     7013     7124
## 2    44168    43659    44051    43666    44036    44056    43896    44255
## 3    92205    92966    93686    94420    94866    95726    94865    99245
## 4    42158    40647    39946    39847    41235    43392    43492    44931
## 5    88780    88158    88317    88267    88589    90592    90630    92020
## 6   170738   167457   171059   170512   170941   173202   172145   172475
##   Dec.2017 Jan.2018 Feb.2018 Mar.2018 Apr.2018 May.2018 Jun.2018 Jul.2018
## 1     7077     6820     7092     7153     7051     7044     6830     6574
## 2    44022    44085    45245    43788    44627    46064    44769    45712
## 3   102681   100590   101786   103520   103765   103915   104027   106009
## 4    46047    46591    46274    45690    45834    46730    46469    46951
## 5    91972    90031    92046    91240    92281    93472    94462    94794
## 6   173964   174455   175072   172957   172942   177151   174546   175092
##   Aug.2018 Sep.2018 Oct.2018 Nov.2018 Dec.2018 Jan.2019 Feb.2019 Mar.2019
## 1     6515     6426     6426     6473     6366     6477     6536     6558
## 2    44849    44729    45621    45712    44712    44751    44616    45427
## 3   106711   108136   108339   111131   102928   110356   111960   112465
## 4    47638    47223    49112    46859    44136    42991    44900    46043
## 5    93747    93640    94560    93401    93379    95264    92206    93060
## 6   175811   175451   176816   180843   177575   177232   176253   177270
##   Apr.2019 May.2019 Jun.2019 Jul.2019 Aug.2019 Sep.2019 Oct.2019 Nov.2019
## 1     6683     6717     6799     6680     6740     6698     6742     6532
## 2    45200    44656    44529    45230    45304    44808    45096    44678
## 3   112258   115777   117638   119628   119434   120079   120836   120908
## 4    46653    46508    45187    45774    45673    45431    46111    46326
## 5    93404    92964    92702    94042    94890    94271    93581    93813
## 6   179115   178142   178155   180588   179898   178086   179173   180245
##   Dec.2019 Jan.2020 Feb.2020 Mar.2020 Apr.2020 May.2020 Jun.2020 Jul.2020
## 1     6720     6702     6635     5482     3693     6455     8244     7889
## 2    46588    46182    45742    22539     5649    16210    33776    35314
## 3   124021   121826   126115   136598   147510   162678   158628   166675
## 4    47285    45925    44516    36853    28347    31899    36037    37851
## 5    94562    96184    96034    88598    74493    90158    99328   101406
## 6   182038   180915   182319   193900   170785   181177   184207   184900
##   Aug.2020 Sep.2020 Oct.2020 Nov.2020 Dec.2020 Jan.2021 Feb.2021 Mar.2021
## 1     7467     7855     7764     7664     7711     8545     7830     9513
## 2    36195    41131    40083    37421    39182    41416    38832    46635
## 3   167654   167930   168835   169035   162290   173951   173358   190113
## 4    38670    39271    39331    38455    41795    43710    45777    48978
## 5   103923   104062   103697   102879   102363   110652   105651   118302
## 6   181700   187654   185717   186059   184414   198566   190022   210506
##   Apr.2021 May.2021 Jun.2021 Jul.2021 Aug.2021 Sep.2021 Oct.2021 Nov.2021
## 1     9367     9095     8957     8912     8801     8904     8954     9236
## 2    46913    48101    50329    49589    48311    49029    49029    50410
## 3   181272   183686   188149   175290   185564   186384   190455   192210
## 4    48683    49161    49774    50936    52820    54944    57381    58307
## 5   118562   114852   114423   113381   112487   113653   115343   115835
## 6   207582   200475   202685   202442   204665   205671   208120   207596
##   Dec.2021 Jan.2022 Feb.2022 Mar.2022 Apr.2022 May.2022 Jun.2022 Jul.2022
## 1     8980     8877     8916     9009     9069     9153     9233     9236
## 2    48986    48791    49278    50443    50523    50141    50232    50106
## 3   183521   195664   198235   195576   197541   202779   203154   207128
## 4    59742    58495    62172    68536    67931    71505    73446    71388
## 5   115258   117757   118695   119603   119501   118692   118032   118725
## 6   204790   210850   206293   209501   208523   208147   213646   212623
##   Aug.2022 Sep.2022 Oct.2022 Nov.2022
## 1     9335     9295     9354     9322
## 2    50803    51370    51250    50800
## 3   207752   208035   209484   210102
## 4    68289    65475    68030    66552
## 5   119908   118475   119788   116381
## 6   213201   215481   214967   213941
sum(is.na(df_nd))
## [1] 0
#is.na(df_nd)
#which(is.na(df_nd))
#colSums(is.na(df_nd))

summary(df_nd)
##     group              Jan.1992        Feb.1992        Mar.1992    
##  Length:10          Min.   : 3385   Min.   : 3516   Min.   : 3482  
##  Class :character   1st Qu.:13933   1st Qu.:13804   1st Qu.:13918  
##  Mode  :character   Median :18942   Median :18840   Median :18718  
##                     Mean   :29134   Mean   :29202   Mean   :29095  
##                     3rd Qu.:46406   3rd Qu.:46952   3rd Qu.:46844  
##                     Max.   :66956   Max.   :67634   Max.   :66672  
##     Apr.1992        May.1992        Jun.1992        Jul.1992    
##  Min.   : 3535   Min.   : 3512   Min.   : 3549   Min.   : 3586  
##  1st Qu.:14081   1st Qu.:14067   1st Qu.:13983   1st Qu.:13816  
##  Median :18850   Median :18714   Median :18686   Median :18848  
##  Mean   :29337   Mean   :29510   Mean   :29629   Mean   :29816  
##  3rd Qu.:47074   3rd Qu.:47179   3rd Qu.:47164   3rd Qu.:47162  
##  Max.   :67552   Max.   :68714   Max.   :69562   Max.   :70398  
##     Aug.1992        Sep.1992        Oct.1992        Nov.1992    
##  Min.   : 3512   Min.   : 3566   Min.   : 3607   Min.   : 3626  
##  1st Qu.:14147   1st Qu.:14052   1st Qu.:14212   1st Qu.:14151  
##  Median :19172   Median :19222   Median :19385   Median :19458  
##  Mean   :29912   Mean   :30194   Mean   :30385   Mean   :30418  
##  3rd Qu.:47910   3rd Qu.:48128   3rd Qu.:48665   3rd Qu.:49241  
##  Max.   :69170   Max.   :71780   Max.   :71944   Max.   :71856  
##     Dec.1992        Jan.1993        Feb.1993        Mar.1993    
##  Min.   : 3800   Min.   : 3648   Min.   : 3585   Min.   : 3608  
##  1st Qu.:14218   1st Qu.:14139   1st Qu.:14408   1st Qu.:14396  
##  Median :19764   Median :20169   Median :19568   Median :19319  
##  Mean   :30842   Mean   :31203   Mean   :30967   Mean   :30697  
##  3rd Qu.:50718   3rd Qu.:50383   3rd Qu.:50178   3rd Qu.:49855  
##  Max.   :72544   Max.   :75242   Max.   :73446   Max.   :71910  
##     Apr.1993        May.1993        Jun.1993        Jul.1993    
##  Min.   : 3749   Min.   : 3746   Min.   : 3702   Min.   : 3810  
##  1st Qu.:14452   1st Qu.:14448   1st Qu.:14486   1st Qu.:14602  
##  Median :19810   Median :19972   Median :20009   Median :20139  
##  Mean   :31514   Mean   :31825   Mean   :31760   Mean   :32284  
##  3rd Qu.:50986   3rd Qu.:51572   3rd Qu.:51618   3rd Qu.:52348  
##  Max.   :77042   Max.   :78012   Max.   :77784   Max.   :80580  
##     Aug.1993        Sep.1993        Oct.1993        Nov.1993    
##  Min.   : 3804   Min.   : 3825   Min.   : 3817   Min.   : 3930  
##  1st Qu.:14438   1st Qu.:14558   1st Qu.:14630   1st Qu.:14678  
##  Median :20076   Median :20395   Median :20142   Median :20140  
##  Mean   :32255   Mean   :32406   Mean   :32638   Mean   :33023  
##  3rd Qu.:52360   3rd Qu.:52690   3rd Qu.:53255   3rd Qu.:53493  
##  Max.   :81008   Max.   :80406   Max.   :81714   Max.   :84154  
##     Dec.1993        Jan.1994        Feb.1994        Mar.1994    
##  Min.   : 4018   Min.   : 3981   Min.   : 4095   Min.   : 4131  
##  1st Qu.:14918   1st Qu.:14815   1st Qu.:14604   1st Qu.:14886  
##  Median :20110   Median :19782   Median :20356   Median :20762  
##  Mean   :33340   Mean   :33129   Mean   :33622   Mean   :34235  
##  3rd Qu.:54162   3rd Qu.:53433   3rd Qu.:54247   3rd Qu.:55812  
##  Max.   :85592   Max.   :85320   Max.   :87370   Max.   :88950  
##     Apr.1994        May.1994        Jun.1994        Jul.1994    
##  Min.   : 4035   Min.   : 4119   Min.   : 4135   Min.   : 4111  
##  1st Qu.:14729   1st Qu.:14846   1st Qu.:15008   1st Qu.:15202  
##  Median :20340   Median :20236   Median :20576   Median :20607  
##  Mean   :34289   Mean   :34092   Mean   :34500   Mean   :34561  
##  3rd Qu.:55448   3rd Qu.:55566   3rd Qu.:56309   3rd Qu.:56527  
##  Max.   :90144   Max.   :88196   Max.   :89082   Max.   :88954  
##     Aug.1994        Sep.1994        Oct.1994        Nov.1994    
##  Min.   : 4249   Min.   : 4306   Min.   : 4347   Min.   : 4221  
##  1st Qu.:15354   1st Qu.:15394   1st Qu.:15465   1st Qu.:15458  
##  Median :20769   Median :20598   Median :20958   Median :20948  
##  Mean   :35018   Mean   :35297   Mean   :35660   Mean   :35707  
##  3rd Qu.:57250   3rd Qu.:57611   3rd Qu.:58276   3rd Qu.:58436  
##  Max.   :90464   Max.   :92628   Max.   :94082   Max.   :94406  
##     Dec.1994        Jan.1995        Feb.1995        Mar.1995    
##  Min.   : 4255   Min.   : 4436   Min.   : 4298   Min.   : 4347  
##  1st Qu.:15562   1st Qu.:15601   1st Qu.:15644   1st Qu.:15616  
##  Median :20996   Median :20972   Median :20455   Median :20890  
##  Mean   :35882   Mean   :36054   Mean   :35395   Mean   :35763  
##  3rd Qu.:59189   3rd Qu.:59649   3rd Qu.:58102   3rd Qu.:59034  
##  Max.   :93882   Max.   :94448   Max.   :91804   Max.   :93362  
##     Apr.1995        May.1995        Jun.1995        Jul.1995    
##  Min.   : 4345   Min.   : 4380   Min.   : 4421   Min.   : 4429  
##  1st Qu.:15854   1st Qu.:15885   1st Qu.:15978   1st Qu.:15895  
##  Median :20854   Median :21066   Median :21033   Median :20948  
##  Mean   :35889   Mean   :36249   Mean   :36746   Mean   :36619  
##  3rd Qu.:59337   3rd Qu.:59751   3rd Qu.:60064   3rd Qu.:59918  
##  Max.   :94112   Max.   :95436   Max.   :99304   Max.   :97664  
##     Aug.1995        Sep.1995        Oct.1995        Nov.1995    
##  Min.   : 4462   Min.   : 4441   Min.   : 4414   Min.   : 4532  
##  1st Qu.:15932   1st Qu.:16140   1st Qu.:16004   1st Qu.:16217  
##  Median :20996   Median :21374   Median :20990   Median :21348  
##  Mean   :36875   Mean   :37016   Mean   :36844   Mean   :37324  
##  3rd Qu.:60130   3rd Qu.:60375   3rd Qu.:60377   3rd Qu.:60760  
##  Max.   :99496   Max.   :98376   Max.   :98542   Max.   :99726  
##     Dec.1995         Jan.1996         Feb.1996         Mar.1996     
##  Min.   :  4505   Min.   :  4600   Min.   :  4485   Min.   :  4548  
##  1st Qu.: 16408   1st Qu.: 16160   1st Qu.: 16426   1st Qu.: 16881  
##  Median : 21228   Median : 21140   Median : 21499   Median : 21483  
##  Mean   : 37635   Mean   : 37336   Mean   : 37963   Mean   : 38234  
##  3rd Qu.: 61273   3rd Qu.: 60821   3rd Qu.: 60917   3rd Qu.: 61386  
##  Max.   :100326   Max.   :100698   Max.   :104576   Max.   :104696  
##     Apr.1996         May.1996         Jun.1996         Jul.1996     
##  Min.   :  4628   Min.   :  4432   Min.   :  4609   Min.   :  4655  
##  1st Qu.: 16804   1st Qu.: 17046   1st Qu.: 17024   1st Qu.: 17041  
##  Median : 21654   Median : 21816   Median : 21674   Median : 21638  
##  Mean   : 38322   Mean   : 38614   Mean   : 38586   Mean   : 38645  
##  3rd Qu.: 61610   3rd Qu.: 61704   3rd Qu.: 62044   3rd Qu.: 62261  
##  Max.   :103062   Max.   :104400   Max.   :103596   Max.   :104008  
##     Aug.1996         Sep.1996         Oct.1996         Nov.1996     
##  Min.   :  4738   Min.   :  4690   Min.   :  4769   Min.   :  4692  
##  1st Qu.: 17201   1st Qu.: 17169   1st Qu.: 17476   1st Qu.: 17620  
##  Median : 21688   Median : 22002   Median : 22136   Median : 22014  
##  Mean   : 38669   Mean   : 39194   Mean   : 39503   Mean   : 39419  
##  3rd Qu.: 62462   3rd Qu.: 62511   3rd Qu.: 62829   3rd Qu.: 62931  
##  Max.   :102944   Max.   :106368   Max.   :106900   Max.   :105420  
##     Dec.1996         Jan.1997         Feb.1997         Mar.1997     
##  Min.   :  4940   Min.   :  4748   Min.   :  4666   Min.   :  4698  
##  1st Qu.: 17792   1st Qu.: 17772   1st Qu.: 17990   1st Qu.: 18332  
##  Median : 22089   Median : 22382   Median : 22350   Median : 22506  
##  Mean   : 39582   Mean   : 39895   Mean   : 40215   Mean   : 40355  
##  3rd Qu.: 62908   3rd Qu.: 63262   3rd Qu.: 63499   3rd Qu.: 63888  
##  Max.   :105670   Max.   :108020   Max.   :109202   Max.   :108466  
##     Apr.1997         May.1997         Jun.1997         Jul.1997     
##  Min.   :  4725   Min.   :  4763   Min.   :  4838   Min.   :  4786  
##  1st Qu.: 17799   1st Qu.: 17944   1st Qu.: 18156   1st Qu.: 18187  
##  Median : 22080   Median : 22316   Median : 22624   Median : 22860  
##  Mean   : 40113   Mean   : 39813   Mean   : 40367   Mean   : 40864  
##  3rd Qu.: 63808   3rd Qu.: 63722   3rd Qu.: 63649   3rd Qu.: 64018  
##  Max.   :107722   Max.   :104382   Max.   :108132   Max.   :110510  
##     Aug.1997         Sep.1997         Oct.1997         Nov.1997     
##  Min.   :  4745   Min.   :  4827   Min.   :  4878   Min.   :  5015  
##  1st Qu.: 18335   1st Qu.: 18456   1st Qu.: 18410   1st Qu.: 18596  
##  Median : 22979   Median : 23114   Median : 23036   Median : 22948  
##  Mean   : 41000   Mean   : 41132   Mean   : 41079   Mean   : 41204  
##  3rd Qu.: 64307   3rd Qu.: 64482   3rd Qu.: 64581   3rd Qu.: 64460  
##  Max.   :110976   Max.   :110668   Max.   :109712   Max.   :110628  
##     Dec.1997         Jan.1998         Feb.1998         Mar.1998     
##  Min.   :  4915   Min.   :  4834   Min.   :  5027   Min.   :  5008  
##  1st Qu.: 18421   1st Qu.: 18062   1st Qu.: 17965   1st Qu.: 17813  
##  Median : 23280   Median : 23366   Median : 23494   Median : 23515  
##  Mean   : 41341   Mean   : 41456   Mean   : 41467   Mean   : 41788  
##  3rd Qu.: 64493   3rd Qu.: 64551   3rd Qu.: 64514   3rd Qu.: 64788  
##  Max.   :111526   Max.   :110988   Max.   :109682   Max.   :112270  
##     Apr.1998         May.1998         Jun.1998         Jul.1998     
##  Min.   :  5036   Min.   :  4986   Min.   :  5083   Min.   :  5032  
##  1st Qu.: 18030   1st Qu.: 18352   1st Qu.: 18110   1st Qu.: 18765  
##  Median : 23908   Median : 23756   Median : 23976   Median : 24104  
##  Mean   : 42363   Mean   : 42538   Mean   : 42898   Mean   : 42566  
##  3rd Qu.: 65006   3rd Qu.: 65308   3rd Qu.: 65476   3rd Qu.: 65977  
##  Max.   :114928   Max.   :115764   Max.   :118528   Max.   :112640  
##     Aug.1998         Sep.1998         Oct.1998         Nov.1998     
##  Min.   :  5057   Min.   :  5047   Min.   :  5108   Min.   :  5093  
##  1st Qu.: 18692   1st Qu.: 18648   1st Qu.: 19026   1st Qu.: 19096  
##  Median : 24062   Median : 23838   Median : 24322   Median : 24556  
##  Mean   : 42371   Mean   : 42824   Mean   : 43560   Mean   : 43920  
##  3rd Qu.: 66184   3rd Qu.: 66116   3rd Qu.: 66518   3rd Qu.: 66764  
##  Max.   :109994   Max.   :114392   Max.   :118588   Max.   :119634  
##     Dec.1998         Jan.1999         Feb.1999         Mar.1999     
##  Min.   :  5154   Min.   :  5122   Min.   :  5292   Min.   :  5273  
##  1st Qu.: 19061   1st Qu.: 19392   1st Qu.: 19722   1st Qu.: 19912  
##  Median : 24641   Median : 24555   Median : 24789   Median : 24954  
##  Mean   : 44278   Mean   : 44441   Mean   : 44933   Mean   : 45202  
##  3rd Qu.: 67511   3rd Qu.: 67389   3rd Qu.: 67970   3rd Qu.: 67910  
##  Max.   :120946   Max.   :121070   Max.   :122520   Max.   :123282  
##     Apr.1999         May.1999         Jun.1999         Jul.1999     
##  Min.   :  5277   Min.   :  5328   Min.   :  5367   Min.   :  5326  
##  1st Qu.: 20295   1st Qu.: 20571   1st Qu.: 20683   1st Qu.: 20940  
##  Median : 25140   Median : 25381   Median : 25377   Median : 25222  
##  Mean   : 45459   Mean   : 45897   Mean   : 46081   Mean   : 46428  
##  3rd Qu.: 68475   3rd Qu.: 68665   3rd Qu.: 68493   3rd Qu.: 69032  
##  Max.   :124300   Max.   :126422   Max.   :126904   Max.   :129018  
##     Aug.1999         Sep.1999         Oct.1999         Nov.1999     
##  Min.   :  5290   Min.   :  5385   Min.   :  5373   Min.   :  5414  
##  1st Qu.: 21245   1st Qu.: 21616   1st Qu.: 21716   1st Qu.: 21634  
##  Median : 25418   Median : 25466   Median : 25665   Median : 25756  
##  Mean   : 46929   Mean   : 47107   Mean   : 47130   Mean   : 47650  
##  3rd Qu.: 69141   3rd Qu.: 69637   3rd Qu.: 69620   3rd Qu.: 69752  
##  Max.   :131426   Max.   :130300   Max.   :129038   Max.   :132538  
##     Dec.1999         Jan.2000         Feb.2000         Mar.2000     
##  Min.   :  5455   Min.   :  5232   Min.   :  5541   Min.   :  5635  
##  1st Qu.: 22496   1st Qu.: 22631   1st Qu.: 22745   1st Qu.: 23192  
##  Median : 25822   Median : 25690   Median : 26092   Median : 26750  
##  Mean   : 48541   Mean   : 48175   Mean   : 48861   Mean   : 49442  
##  3rd Qu.: 71918   3rd Qu.: 69228   3rd Qu.: 69644   3rd Qu.: 70988  
##  Max.   :131818   Max.   :135358   Max.   :138170   Max.   :136866  
##     Apr.2000         May.2000         Jun.2000         Jul.2000     
##  Min.   :  5649   Min.   :  5757   Min.   :  5686   Min.   :  5800  
##  1st Qu.: 23528   1st Qu.: 23569   1st Qu.: 23832   1st Qu.: 24070  
##  Median : 26602   Median : 26823   Median : 26696   Median : 26642  
##  Mean   : 48754   Mean   : 48820   Mean   : 49181   Mean   : 49020  
##  3rd Qu.: 71277   3rd Qu.: 70724   3rd Qu.: 71239   3rd Qu.: 71132  
##  Max.   :131624   Max.   :131562   Max.   :133276   Max.   :130410  
##     Aug.2000         Sep.2000         Oct.2000         Nov.2000     
##  Min.   :  5633   Min.   :  5728   Min.   :  5626   Min.   :  5615  
##  1st Qu.: 24270   1st Qu.: 24682   1st Qu.: 24812   1st Qu.: 24894  
##  Median : 26957   Median : 27432   Median : 27303   Median : 27510  
##  Mean   : 49150   Mean   : 49923   Mean   : 49842   Mean   : 49610  
##  3rd Qu.: 71186   3rd Qu.: 71511   3rd Qu.: 71760   3rd Qu.: 71847  
##  Max.   :130622   Max.   :133700   Max.   :132416   Max.   :129290  
##     Dec.2000         Jan.2001         Feb.2001         Mar.2001     
##  Min.   :  5601   Min.   :  5386   Min.   :  5715   Min.   :  5723  
##  1st Qu.: 25171   1st Qu.: 24841   1st Qu.: 24765   1st Qu.: 25031  
##  Median : 27707   Median : 27439   Median : 27428   Median : 27066  
##  Mean   : 49630   Mean   : 50230   Mean   : 50180   Mean   : 49809  
##  3rd Qu.: 72405   3rd Qu.: 72458   3rd Qu.: 73076   3rd Qu.: 72826  
##  Max.   :127048   Max.   :131852   Max.   :132376   Max.   :131342  
##     Apr.2001         May.2001         Jun.2001         Jul.2001     
##  Min.   :  5658   Min.   :  5679   Min.   :  5621   Min.   :  5703  
##  1st Qu.: 24953   1st Qu.: 24942   1st Qu.: 24914   1st Qu.: 24920  
##  Median : 27508   Median : 27344   Median : 27261   Median : 27500  
##  Mean   : 50721   Mean   : 50708   Mean   : 50602   Mean   : 50554  
##  3rd Qu.: 73558   3rd Qu.: 73480   3rd Qu.: 73685   3rd Qu.: 73589  
##  Max.   :133866   Max.   :134078   Max.   :133420   Max.   :132134  
##     Aug.2001         Sep.2001         Oct.2001         Nov.2001     
##  Min.   :  5775   Min.   :  5672   Min.   :  5798   Min.   :  6066  
##  1st Qu.: 25277   1st Qu.: 24124   1st Qu.: 25111   1st Qu.: 24997  
##  Median : 27888   Median : 26686   Median : 27538   Median : 27516  
##  Mean   : 50902   Mean   : 49907   Mean   : 53694   Mean   : 52261  
##  3rd Qu.: 73969   3rd Qu.: 73785   3rd Qu.: 74267   3rd Qu.: 74845  
##  Max.   :132700   Max.   :127858   Max.   :160910   Max.   :144826  
##     Dec.2001         Jan.2002         Feb.2002         Mar.2002     
##  Min.   :  5797   Min.   :  5775   Min.   :  5711   Min.   :  5717  
##  1st Qu.: 24998   1st Qu.: 25475   1st Qu.: 25605   1st Qu.: 25733  
##  Median : 27974   Median : 28056   Median : 28291   Median : 28272  
##  Mean   : 51622   Mean   : 51542   Mean   : 51852   Mean   : 51644  
##  3rd Qu.: 74795   3rd Qu.: 74593   3rd Qu.: 74777   3rd Qu.: 74807  
##  Max.   :136440   Max.   :135330   Max.   :136336   Max.   :133140  
##     Apr.2002         May.2002         Jun.2002         Jul.2002     
##  Min.   :  5799   Min.   :  5731   Min.   :  5670   Min.   :  5666  
##  1st Qu.: 26150   1st Qu.: 26296   1st Qu.: 26240   1st Qu.: 26586  
##  Median : 28484   Median : 28220   Median : 28456   Median : 28336  
##  Mean   : 52416   Mean   : 51650   Mean   : 52159   Mean   : 52689  
##  3rd Qu.: 74660   3rd Qu.: 74724   3rd Qu.: 74560   3rd Qu.: 74600  
##  Max.   :136502   Max.   :130124   Max.   :134708   Max.   :139888  
##     Aug.2002         Sep.2002         Oct.2002         Nov.2002     
##  Min.   :  5689   Min.   :  5852   Min.   :  5839   Min.   :  5985  
##  1st Qu.: 26512   1st Qu.: 26420   1st Qu.: 26617   1st Qu.: 27187  
##  Median : 28560   Median : 28340   Median : 28991   Median : 28944  
##  Mean   : 53174   Mean   : 52307   Mean   : 52551   Mean   : 52911  
##  3rd Qu.: 74371   3rd Qu.: 74340   3rd Qu.: 74409   3rd Qu.: 74946  
##  Max.   :144408   Max.   :136132   Max.   :135106   Max.   :135862  
##     Dec.2002         Jan.2003         Feb.2003         Mar.2003     
##  Min.   :  5809   Min.   :  5794   Min.   :  5576   Min.   :  5660  
##  1st Qu.: 27272   1st Qu.: 27248   1st Qu.: 27740   1st Qu.: 27743  
##  Median : 29190   Median : 29170   Median : 28822   Median : 29308  
##  Mean   : 53372   Mean   : 53584   Mean   : 52778   Mean   : 53754  
##  3rd Qu.: 75006   3rd Qu.: 75754   3rd Qu.: 74792   3rd Qu.: 75612  
##  Max.   :139588   Max.   :139346   Max.   :133070   Max.   :137256  
##     Apr.2003         May.2003         Jun.2003         Jul.2003     
##  Min.   :  5709   Min.   :  5748   Min.   :  5908   Min.   :  5808  
##  1st Qu.: 27665   1st Qu.: 27970   1st Qu.: 28359   1st Qu.: 28594  
##  Median : 29253   Median : 29596   Median : 29910   Median : 30398  
##  Mean   : 53764   Mean   : 53902   Mean   : 54518   Mean   : 55141  
##  3rd Qu.: 75768   3rd Qu.: 75346   3rd Qu.: 76400   3rd Qu.: 77125  
##  Max.   :139160   Max.   :139320   Max.   :140650   Max.   :142098  
##     Aug.2003         Sep.2003         Oct.2003         Nov.2003     
##  Min.   :  6132   Min.   :  5954   Min.   :  5841   Min.   :  6011  
##  1st Qu.: 28962   1st Qu.: 29255   1st Qu.: 29604   1st Qu.: 29714  
##  Median : 30480   Median : 30642   Median : 30582   Median : 30895  
##  Mean   : 56011   Mean   : 55695   Mean   : 55453   Mean   : 56107  
##  3rd Qu.: 77308   3rd Qu.: 77510   3rd Qu.: 77510   3rd Qu.: 77395  
##  Max.   :145838   Max.   :142368   Max.   :139634   Max.   :143476  
##     Dec.2003         Jan.2004         Feb.2004         Mar.2004     
##  Min.   :  6013   Min.   :  6087   Min.   :  6093   Min.   :  6067  
##  1st Qu.: 29532   1st Qu.: 30276   1st Qu.: 29977   1st Qu.: 30466  
##  Median : 31194   Median : 30980   Median : 31328   Median : 31572  
##  Mean   : 55920   Mean   : 56175   Mean   : 56529   Mean   : 57557  
##  3rd Qu.: 77594   3rd Qu.: 78464   3rd Qu.: 77741   3rd Qu.: 80077  
##  Max.   :140206   Max.   :138540   Max.   :142186   Max.   :144274  
##     Apr.2004         May.2004         Jun.2004         Jul.2004     
##  Min.   :  5941   Min.   :  5985   Min.   :  6017   Min.   :  6124  
##  1st Qu.: 30470   1st Qu.: 30491   1st Qu.: 30700   1st Qu.: 30723  
##  Median : 31201   Median : 31486   Median : 31430   Median : 31738  
##  Mean   : 56919   Mean   : 57920   Mean   : 57088   Mean   : 57790  
##  3rd Qu.: 79650   3rd Qu.: 79714   3rd Qu.: 80134   3rd Qu.: 80514  
##  Max.   :139920   Max.   :145642   Max.   :137982   Max.   :142476  
##     Aug.2004         Sep.2004         Oct.2004         Nov.2004     
##  Min.   :  6192   Min.   :  6111   Min.   :  6094   Min.   :  6140  
##  1st Qu.: 30764   1st Qu.: 30918   1st Qu.: 31404   1st Qu.: 31773  
##  Median : 31956   Median : 32265   Median : 32764   Median : 32818  
##  Mean   : 57902   Mean   : 58919   Mean   : 59246   Mean   : 59390  
##  3rd Qu.: 80503   3rd Qu.: 81103   3rd Qu.: 81275   3rd Qu.: 81519  
##  Max.   :142730   Max.   :149458   Max.   :147716   Max.   :146814  
##     Dec.2004         Jan.2005         Feb.2005         Mar.2005     
##  Min.   :  6122   Min.   :  6192   Min.   :  6269   Min.   :  6137  
##  1st Qu.: 31795   1st Qu.: 31769   1st Qu.: 32110   1st Qu.: 32274  
##  Median : 33098   Median : 33363   Median : 33860   Median : 33816  
##  Mean   : 60179   Mean   : 59649   Mean   : 60418   Mean   : 60556  
##  3rd Qu.: 82885   3rd Qu.: 83697   3rd Qu.: 83581   3rd Qu.: 84220  
##  Max.   :150774   Max.   :144166   Max.   :147546   Max.   :148294  
##     Apr.2005         May.2005         Jun.2005         Jul.2005     
##  Min.   :  6318   Min.   :  6232   Min.   :  6135   Min.   :  6239  
##  1st Qu.: 32754   1st Qu.: 32408   1st Qu.: 32765   1st Qu.: 33172  
##  Median : 34312   Median : 34240   Median : 34910   Median : 34753  
##  Mean   : 61036   Mean   : 60772   Mean   : 62629   Mean   : 63044  
##  3rd Qu.: 85144   3rd Qu.: 84869   3rd Qu.: 85412   3rd Qu.: 85353  
##  Max.   :147298   Max.   :146450   Max.   :159278   Max.   :163210  
##     Aug.2005         Sep.2005         Oct.2005         Nov.2005     
##  Min.   :  6274   Min.   :  6155   Min.   :  6377   Min.   :  6287  
##  1st Qu.: 33472   1st Qu.: 33348   1st Qu.: 33940   1st Qu.: 34256  
##  Median : 36634   Median : 38140   Median : 38234   Median : 37082  
##  Mean   : 62119   Mean   : 62035   Mean   : 62017   Mean   : 62892  
##  3rd Qu.: 86033   3rd Qu.: 86932   3rd Qu.: 87972   3rd Qu.: 87838  
##  Max.   :147574   Max.   :141254   Max.   :135706   Max.   :146422  
##     Dec.2005         Jan.2006         Feb.2006         Mar.2006     
##  Min.   :  6462   Min.   :  6735   Min.   :  6629   Min.   :  6610  
##  1st Qu.: 34198   1st Qu.: 35060   1st Qu.: 34693   1st Qu.: 34909  
##  Median : 37416   Median : 37696   Median : 38186   Median : 38778  
##  Mean   : 62907   Mean   : 64608   Mean   : 64186   Mean   : 64356  
##  3rd Qu.: 87385   3rd Qu.: 91758   3rd Qu.: 91269   3rd Qu.: 90955  
##  Max.   :146664   Max.   :153514   Max.   :148216   Max.   :149218  
##     Apr.2006         May.2006         Jun.2006         Jul.2006     
##  Min.   :  6580   Min.   :  6503   Min.   :  6524   Min.   :  6461  
##  1st Qu.: 35083   1st Qu.: 35049   1st Qu.: 35009   1st Qu.: 35113  
##  Median : 39214   Median : 39824   Median : 39956   Median : 40160  
##  Mean   : 64617   Mean   : 64380   Mean   : 64684   Mean   : 64855  
##  3rd Qu.: 90245   3rd Qu.: 88882   3rd Qu.: 88322   3rd Qu.: 88249  
##  Max.   :149796   Max.   :148162   Max.   :150738   Max.   :151928  
##     Aug.2006         Sep.2006         Oct.2006         Nov.2006     
##  Min.   :  6412   Min.   :  6690   Min.   :  6589   Min.   :  6461  
##  1st Qu.: 35468   1st Qu.: 36059   1st Qu.: 35837   1st Qu.: 36025  
##  Median : 41154   Median : 39781   Median : 39336   Median : 39020  
##  Mean   : 65090   Mean   : 64967   Mean   : 65093   Mean   : 65203  
##  3rd Qu.: 88451   3rd Qu.: 87903   3rd Qu.: 87961   3rd Qu.: 87558  
##  Max.   :150374   Max.   :149158   Max.   :150894   Max.   :152128  
##     Dec.2006         Jan.2007         Feb.2007         Mar.2007     
##  Min.   :  6566   Min.   :  6489   Min.   :  6494   Min.   :  6779  
##  1st Qu.: 37056   1st Qu.: 36570   1st Qu.: 36278   1st Qu.: 36940  
##  Median : 39808   Median : 39740   Median : 41002   Median : 41046  
##  Mean   : 65860   Mean   : 65995   Mean   : 66014   Mean   : 66460  
##  3rd Qu.: 88650   3rd Qu.: 89418   3rd Qu.: 88814   3rd Qu.: 88895  
##  Max.   :150876   Max.   :150798   Max.   :151682   Max.   :150944  
##     Apr.2007         May.2007         Jun.2007         Jul.2007     
##  Min.   :  6640   Min.   :  6805   Min.   :  6850   Min.   :  6936  
##  1st Qu.: 36736   1st Qu.: 37012   1st Qu.: 37175   1st Qu.: 37297  
##  Median : 41494   Median : 42318   Median : 42118   Median : 42460  
##  Mean   : 66302   Mean   : 67028   Mean   : 66490   Mean   : 66811  
##  3rd Qu.: 88210   3rd Qu.: 89067   3rd Qu.: 89056   3rd Qu.: 89396  
##  Max.   :152410   Max.   :154372   Max.   :149588   Max.   :149864  
##     Aug.2007         Sep.2007         Oct.2007         Nov.2007     
##  Min.   :  6780   Min.   :  6749   Min.   :  6834   Min.   :  6940  
##  1st Qu.: 37295   1st Qu.: 37392   1st Qu.: 37509   1st Qu.: 37808  
##  Median : 42438   Median : 43230   Median : 44073   Median : 46046  
##  Mean   : 67199   Mean   : 67330   Mean   : 67707   Mean   : 68156  
##  3rd Qu.: 89171   3rd Qu.: 89174   3rd Qu.: 89523   3rd Qu.: 90486  
##  Max.   :153098   Max.   :154352   Max.   :155234   Max.   :151842  
##     Dec.2007         Jan.2008         Feb.2008         Mar.2008     
##  Min.   :  6756   Min.   :  6818   Min.   :  6751   Min.   :  6733  
##  1st Qu.: 37826   1st Qu.: 37620   1st Qu.: 37350   1st Qu.: 37566  
##  Median : 45030   Median : 45256   Median : 45433   Median : 46135  
##  Mean   : 67378   Mean   : 67449   Mean   : 66901   Mean   : 67006  
##  3rd Qu.: 90318   3rd Qu.: 90277   3rd Qu.: 89860   3rd Qu.: 90030  
##  Max.   :146690   Max.   :147668   Max.   :144412   Max.   :143548  
##     Apr.2008         May.2008         Jun.2008         Jul.2008     
##  Min.   :  6809   Min.   :  6949   Min.   :  6879   Min.   :  6858  
##  1st Qu.: 37496   1st Qu.: 38065   1st Qu.: 38042   1st Qu.: 38225  
##  Median : 46756   Median : 47704   Median : 48696   Median : 49243  
##  Mean   : 67035   Mean   : 67564   Mean   : 67440   Mean   : 67073  
##  3rd Qu.: 90721   3rd Qu.: 90950   3rd Qu.: 91083   3rd Qu.: 91502  
##  Max.   :140868   Max.   :143519   Max.   :144535   Max.   :144550  
##     Aug.2008         Sep.2008         Oct.2008         Nov.2008     
##  Min.   :  6931   Min.   :  6536   Min.   :  6426   Min.   :  6431  
##  1st Qu.: 38258   1st Qu.: 38312   1st Qu.: 38176   1st Qu.: 35830  
##  Median : 48162   Median : 48200   Median : 44778   Median : 40946  
##  Mean   : 66670   Mean   : 65582   Mean   : 63422   Mean   : 61640  
##  3rd Qu.: 91310   3rd Qu.: 90458   3rd Qu.: 90096   3rd Qu.: 88907  
##  Max.   :142911   Max.   :141309   Max.   :140678   Max.   :140693  
##     Dec.2008         Jan.2009         Feb.2009         Mar.2009     
##  Min.   :  6470   Min.   :  6661   Min.   :  6535   Min.   :  6360  
##  1st Qu.: 35369   1st Qu.: 35851   1st Qu.: 36101   1st Qu.: 34664  
##  Median : 40768   Median : 41078   Median : 41461   Median : 41282  
##  Mean   : 60577   Mean   : 61461   Mean   : 61121   Mean   : 60134  
##  3rd Qu.: 87872   3rd Qu.: 89065   3rd Qu.: 87821   3rd Qu.: 87124  
##  Max.   :139443   Max.   :140514   Max.   :140716   Max.   :139603  
##     Apr.2009         May.2009         Jun.2009         Jul.2009     
##  Min.   :  6514   Min.   :  6453   Min.   :  6473   Min.   :  6455  
##  1st Qu.: 35352   1st Qu.: 35556   1st Qu.: 36538   1st Qu.: 36222  
##  Median : 41498   Median : 41757   Median : 42174   Median : 42539  
##  Mean   : 60416   Mean   : 60852   Mean   : 61662   Mean   : 61844  
##  3rd Qu.: 87414   3rd Qu.: 87632   3rd Qu.: 87838   3rd Qu.: 87559  
##  Max.   :139700   Max.   :139954   Max.   :139414   Max.   :139295  
##     Aug.2009         Sep.2009         Oct.2009         Nov.2009     
##  Min.   :  6628   Min.   :  6484   Min.   :  6408   Min.   :  6307  
##  1st Qu.: 37453   1st Qu.: 37484   1st Qu.: 37567   1st Qu.: 38127  
##  Median : 42604   Median : 43020   Median : 43212   Median : 43329  
##  Mean   : 62968   Mean   : 61398   Mean   : 62074   Mean   : 62357  
##  3rd Qu.: 87406   3rd Qu.: 87757   3rd Qu.: 87472   3rd Qu.: 87806  
##  Max.   :139576   Max.   :140552   Max.   :141915   Max.   :140392  
##     Dec.2009         Jan.2010         Feb.2010         Mar.2010     
##  Min.   :  6523   Min.   :  6507   Min.   :  6412   Min.   :  6515  
##  1st Qu.: 38091   1st Qu.: 38099   1st Qu.: 38533   1st Qu.: 38689  
##  Median : 43864   Median : 44182   Median : 43980   Median : 44626  
##  Mean   : 62644   Mean   : 62640   Mean   : 62875   Mean   : 64259  
##  3rd Qu.: 88378   3rd Qu.: 87932   3rd Qu.: 89263   3rd Qu.: 89223  
##  Max.   :142103   Max.   :142310   Max.   :144358   Max.   :143511  
##     Apr.2010         May.2010         Jun.2010         Jul.2010     
##  Min.   :  6409   Min.   :  6496   Min.   :  6497   Min.   :  6516  
##  1st Qu.: 38946   1st Qu.: 38894   1st Qu.: 38635   1st Qu.: 38709  
##  Median : 44600   Median : 44450   Median : 45348   Median : 45092  
##  Mean   : 64812   Mean   : 64282   Mean   : 64232   Mean   : 64418  
##  3rd Qu.: 89779   3rd Qu.: 89099   3rd Qu.: 88534   3rd Qu.: 88555  
##  Max.   :144773   Max.   :143302   Max.   :143290   Max.   :143136  
##     Aug.2010         Sep.2010         Oct.2010         Nov.2010     
##  Min.   :  6441   Min.   :  6469   Min.   :  6579   Min.   :  6723  
##  1st Qu.: 39160   1st Qu.: 39611   1st Qu.: 39826   1st Qu.: 40056  
##  Median : 45798   Median : 46026   Median : 46433   Median : 46886  
##  Mean   : 64703   Mean   : 65214   Mean   : 65795   Mean   : 66504  
##  3rd Qu.: 88828   3rd Qu.: 89550   3rd Qu.: 89538   3rd Qu.: 90349  
##  Max.   :143804   Max.   :144480   Max.   :144518   Max.   :147364  
##     Dec.2010         Jan.2011         Feb.2011         Mar.2011     
##  Min.   :  6588   Min.   :  6565   Min.   :  6611   Min.   :  6566  
##  1st Qu.: 39914   1st Qu.: 40323   1st Qu.: 40676   1st Qu.: 40880  
##  Median : 48528   Median : 49742   Median : 49534   Median : 50613  
##  Mean   : 66749   Mean   : 67229   Mean   : 67739   Mean   : 68308  
##  3rd Qu.: 90630   3rd Qu.: 90993   3rd Qu.: 91534   3rd Qu.: 92126  
##  Max.   :146390   Max.   :146264   Max.   :148168   Max.   :148375  
##     Apr.2011         May.2011         Jun.2011         Jul.2011     
##  Min.   :  6608   Min.   :  6542   Min.   :  6585   Min.   :  6462  
##  1st Qu.: 40854   1st Qu.: 41277   1st Qu.: 41630   1st Qu.: 41637  
##  Median : 51205   Median : 51858   Median : 51713   Median : 51798  
##  Mean   : 68554   Mean   : 68430   Mean   : 69092   Mean   : 69000  
##  3rd Qu.: 93277   3rd Qu.: 92603   3rd Qu.: 93611   3rd Qu.: 93735  
##  Max.   :149590   Max.   :148938   Max.   :150736   Max.   :150201  
##     Aug.2011         Sep.2011         Oct.2011         Nov.2011     
##  Min.   :  6661   Min.   :  6686   Min.   :  6605   Min.   :  6544  
##  1st Qu.: 41830   1st Qu.: 42031   1st Qu.: 42184   1st Qu.: 42127  
##  Median : 52414   Median : 52407   Median : 53090   Median : 53690  
##  Mean   : 69089   Mean   : 69905   Mean   : 70362   Mean   : 70568  
##  3rd Qu.: 94153   3rd Qu.: 93919   3rd Qu.: 94551   3rd Qu.: 94541  
##  Max.   :150522   Max.   :151609   Max.   :151333   Max.   :151793  
##     Dec.2011         Jan.2012         Feb.2012         Mar.2012     
##  Min.   :  6353   Min.   :  6575   Min.   :  6683   Min.   :  6815  
##  1st Qu.: 41878   1st Qu.: 42492   1st Qu.: 42511   1st Qu.: 42452  
##  Median : 53322   Median : 53505   Median : 54604   Median : 54708  
##  Mean   : 70708   Mean   : 71345   Mean   : 72175   Mean   : 72361  
##  3rd Qu.: 94562   3rd Qu.: 95044   3rd Qu.: 95297   3rd Qu.: 96520  
##  Max.   :151136   Max.   :153594   Max.   :156009   Max.   :155057  
##     Apr.2012         May.2012         Jun.2012         Jul.2012     
##  Min.   :  6859   Min.   :  6869   Min.   :  6797   Min.   :  6813  
##  1st Qu.: 42659   1st Qu.: 42420   1st Qu.: 41869   1st Qu.: 42290  
##  Median : 54830   Median : 54876   Median : 53730   Median : 54110  
##  Mean   : 72096   Mean   : 72100   Mean   : 71556   Mean   : 71933  
##  3rd Qu.: 96008   3rd Qu.: 95943   3rd Qu.: 95776   3rd Qu.: 95862  
##  Max.   :154244   Max.   :153573   Max.   :153785   Max.   :154260  
##     Aug.2012         Sep.2012         Oct.2012         Nov.2012     
##  Min.   :  6715   Min.   :  6720   Min.   :  6749   Min.   :  6675  
##  1st Qu.: 42260   1st Qu.: 42187   1st Qu.: 42022   1st Qu.: 42335  
##  Median : 55928   Median : 56602   Median : 56952   Median : 56842  
##  Mean   : 72623   Mean   : 73113   Mean   : 73134   Mean   : 73512  
##  3rd Qu.: 96160   3rd Qu.: 96545   3rd Qu.: 96860   3rd Qu.: 97150  
##  Max.   :155026   Max.   :154747   Max.   :155569   Max.   :154982  
##     Dec.2012         Jan.2013         Feb.2013         Mar.2013     
##  Min.   :  6828   Min.   :  7012   Min.   :  7021   Min.   :  6899  
##  1st Qu.: 42622   1st Qu.: 43214   1st Qu.: 42887   1st Qu.: 42981  
##  Median : 56320   Median : 56970   Median : 58220   Median : 57326  
##  Mean   : 73843   Mean   : 74497   Mean   : 75217   Mean   : 74709  
##  3rd Qu.: 97343   3rd Qu.: 97471   3rd Qu.: 98426   3rd Qu.: 98072  
##  Max.   :155966   Max.   :156689   Max.   :158479   Max.   :157613  
##     Apr.2013         May.2013         Jun.2013         Jul.2013     
##  Min.   :  6795   Min.   :  6862   Min.   :  6913   Min.   :  6938  
##  1st Qu.: 42751   1st Qu.: 42860   1st Qu.: 42842   1st Qu.: 43236  
##  Median : 56378   Median : 56126   Median : 56208   Median : 56686  
##  Mean   : 74521   Mean   : 75040   Mean   : 75278   Mean   : 75808  
##  3rd Qu.: 97659   3rd Qu.: 98606   3rd Qu.: 98446   3rd Qu.: 99193  
##  Max.   :157559   Max.   :159542   Max.   :162618   Max.   :163408  
##     Aug.2013         Sep.2013         Oct.2013         Nov.2013     
##  Min.   :  6713   Min.   :  6877   Min.   :  6860   Min.   :  6875  
##  1st Qu.: 43312   1st Qu.: 44006   1st Qu.: 44067   1st Qu.: 44348  
##  Median : 56640   Median : 56739   Median : 56326   Median : 56954  
##  Mean   : 75659   Mean   : 75705   Mean   : 76011   Mean   : 76200  
##  3rd Qu.: 99401   3rd Qu.: 99508   3rd Qu.: 99676   3rd Qu.: 99774  
##  Max.   :162588   Max.   :160358   Max.   :162964   Max.   :163606  
##     Dec.2013         Jan.2014         Feb.2014         Mar.2014     
##  Min.   :  6861   Min.   :  6488   Min.   :  6795   Min.   :  6803  
##  1st Qu.: 44306   1st Qu.: 44218   1st Qu.: 44513   1st Qu.: 44872  
##  Median : 58668   Median : 58197   Median : 59160   Median : 59290  
##  Mean   : 76474   Mean   : 75844   Mean   : 76896   Mean   : 77786  
##  3rd Qu.:100341   3rd Qu.:100631   3rd Qu.:100782   3rd Qu.:101151  
##  Max.   :162894   Max.   :159224   Max.   :163102   Max.   :168816  
##     Apr.2014         May.2014         Jun.2014         Jul.2014     
##  Min.   :  6894   Min.   :  6860   Min.   :  6950   Min.   :  6922  
##  1st Qu.: 45166   1st Qu.: 45653   1st Qu.: 46004   1st Qu.: 46102  
##  Median : 59530   Median : 59406   Median : 59539   Median : 59624  
##  Mean   : 78572   Mean   : 78716   Mean   : 79031   Mean   : 79170  
##  3rd Qu.:102056   3rd Qu.:102511   3rd Qu.:103302   3rd Qu.:103454  
##  Max.   :171590   Max.   :171778   Max.   :172560   Max.   :173000  
##     Aug.2014         Sep.2014         Oct.2014         Nov.2014     
##  Min.   :  7122   Min.   :  7043   Min.   :  7156   Min.   :  7147  
##  1st Qu.: 46319   1st Qu.: 46523   1st Qu.: 46052   1st Qu.: 46050  
##  Median : 59966   Median : 60141   Median : 60895   Median : 61096  
##  Mean   : 79755   Mean   : 79580   Mean   : 79875   Mean   : 80182  
##  3rd Qu.:103990   3rd Qu.:104310   3rd Qu.:104690   3rd Qu.:104846  
##  Max.   :174542   Max.   :172812   Max.   :173782   Max.   :175414  
##     Dec.2014         Jan.2015         Feb.2015         Mar.2015     
##  Min.   :  7066   Min.   :  6939   Min.   :  6977   Min.   :  7061  
##  1st Qu.: 44097   1st Qu.: 43598   1st Qu.: 43884   1st Qu.: 44296  
##  Median : 61710   Median : 62001   Median : 62516   Median : 62674  
##  Mean   : 79936   Mean   : 79839   Mean   : 79593   Mean   : 80775  
##  3rd Qu.:105156   3rd Qu.:105396   3rd Qu.:104846   3rd Qu.:105353  
##  Max.   :174882   Max.   :176794   Max.   :174684   Max.   :182208  
##     Apr.2015         May.2015         Jun.2015         Jul.2015     
##  Min.   :  7084   Min.   :  7121   Min.   :  7069   Min.   :  7124  
##  1st Qu.: 44096   1st Qu.: 44442   1st Qu.: 44063   1st Qu.: 44511  
##  Median : 63471   Median : 63402   Median : 63594   Median : 64383  
##  Mean   : 80925   Mean   : 81407   Mean   : 81455   Mean   : 82086  
##  3rd Qu.:105342   3rd Qu.:105514   3rd Qu.:105797   3rd Qu.:106418  
##  Max.   :183482   Max.   :184556   Max.   :184570   Max.   :185064  
##     Aug.2015         Sep.2015         Oct.2015         Nov.2015     
##  Min.   :  7158   Min.   :  7188   Min.   :  7082   Min.   :  7195  
##  1st Qu.: 44746   1st Qu.: 44683   1st Qu.: 44331   1st Qu.: 44389  
##  Median : 64558   Median : 65003   Median : 65443   Median : 65498  
##  Mean   : 82136   Mean   : 82141   Mean   : 81833   Mean   : 82224  
##  3rd Qu.:106404   3rd Qu.:106094   3rd Qu.:105906   3rd Qu.:106450  
##  Max.   :186164   Max.   :187130   Max.   :185540   Max.   :187974  
##     Dec.2015         Jan.2016         Feb.2016         Mar.2016     
##  Min.   :  7336   Min.   :  7292   Min.   :  7272   Min.   :  7257  
##  1st Qu.: 44782   1st Qu.: 44459   1st Qu.: 45703   1st Qu.: 44887  
##  Median : 66455   Median : 66483   Median : 67420   Median : 67566  
##  Mean   : 82559   Mean   : 82030   Mean   : 83111   Mean   : 82650  
##  3rd Qu.:106637   3rd Qu.:106701   3rd Qu.:106929   3rd Qu.:106468  
##  Max.   :186880   Max.   :186124   Max.   :191082   Max.   :187070  
##     Apr.2016         May.2016         Jun.2016         Jul.2016     
##  Min.   :  7190   Min.   :  7246   Min.   :  7573   Min.   :  7203  
##  1st Qu.: 44855   1st Qu.: 44967   1st Qu.: 45298   1st Qu.: 44946  
##  Median : 67906   Median : 68684   Median : 69218   Median : 69132  
##  Mean   : 82846   Mean   : 83109   Mean   : 83922   Mean   : 83817  
##  3rd Qu.:106959   3rd Qu.:107200   3rd Qu.:108213   3rd Qu.:107571  
##  Max.   :187426   Max.   :188196   Max.   :189462   Max.   :191850  
##     Aug.2016         Sep.2016         Oct.2016         Nov.2016     
##  Min.   :  7013   Min.   :  7045   Min.   :  7094   Min.   :  6952  
##  1st Qu.: 45506   1st Qu.: 45576   1st Qu.: 44797   1st Qu.: 44558  
##  Median : 69805   Median : 70443   Median : 70792   Median : 71456  
##  Mean   : 84034   Mean   : 84410   Mean   : 84525   Mean   : 84448  
##  3rd Qu.:107900   3rd Qu.:108462   3rd Qu.:108834   3rd Qu.:108946  
##  Max.   :192662   Max.   :194522   Max.   :193870   Max.   :193244  
##     Dec.2016         Jan.2017         Feb.2017         Mar.2017     
##  Min.   :  7069   Min.   :  7223   Min.   :  7058   Min.   :  6974  
##  1st Qu.: 45234   1st Qu.: 45460   1st Qu.: 45043   1st Qu.: 45257  
##  Median : 71094   Median : 72731   Median : 72926   Median : 72892  
##  Mean   : 85568   Mean   : 86388   Mean   : 86288   Mean   : 86137  
##  3rd Qu.:109970   3rd Qu.:110205   3rd Qu.:110887   3rd Qu.:111848  
##  Max.   :198704   Max.   :198860   Max.   :197872   Max.   :193758  
##     Apr.2017         May.2017         Jun.2017         Jul.2017     
##  Min.   :  7046   Min.   :  6951   Min.   :  6963   Min.   :  6854  
##  1st Qu.: 45380   1st Qu.: 45018   1st Qu.: 45442   1st Qu.: 45116  
##  Median : 73108   Median : 72826   Median : 72806   Median : 72708  
##  Mean   : 86532   Mean   : 86133   Mean   : 86730   Mean   : 86673  
##  3rd Qu.:112322   3rd Qu.:112714   3rd Qu.:112616   3rd Qu.:112859  
##  Max.   :194746   Max.   :195610   Max.   :197440   Max.   :197548  
##     Aug.2017         Sep.2017         Oct.2017         Nov.2017     
##  Min.   :  6921   Min.   :  6985   Min.   :  7013   Min.   :  7124  
##  1st Qu.: 45519   1st Qu.: 45590   1st Qu.: 45544   1st Qu.: 46364  
##  Median : 73060   Median : 74190   Median : 74427   Median : 75468  
##  Mean   : 86689   Mean   : 88452   Mean   : 88493   Mean   : 89240  
##  3rd Qu.:113323   3rd Qu.:114573   3rd Qu.:114624   3rd Qu.:115880  
##  Max.   :193332   Max.   :201728   Max.   :202970   Max.   :201348  
##     Dec.2017         Jan.2018         Feb.2018         Mar.2018     
##  Min.   :  7077   Min.   :  6820   Min.   :  7092   Min.   :  7153  
##  1st Qu.: 47164   1st Qu.: 47594   1st Qu.: 47270   1st Qu.: 46907  
##  Median : 75588   Median : 74747   Median : 75920   Median : 75764  
##  Mean   : 89877   Mean   : 89469   Mean   : 89960   Mean   : 89757  
##  3rd Qu.:117529   3rd Qu.:116418   3rd Qu.:117076   3rd Qu.:117763  
##  Max.   :200814   Max.   :200356   Max.   :199866   Max.   :199864  
##     Apr.2018         May.2018         Jun.2018         Jul.2018     
##  Min.   :  7051   Min.   :  7044   Min.   :  6830   Min.   :  6574  
##  1st Qu.: 47132   1st Qu.: 47973   1st Qu.: 47666   1st Qu.: 48143  
##  Median : 75953   Median : 77192   Median : 78026   Median : 78484  
##  Mean   : 90067   Mean   : 91122   Mean   : 90734   Mean   : 91424  
##  3rd Qu.:118044   3rd Qu.:118168   3rd Qu.:117968   3rd Qu.:119063  
##  Max.   :200714   Max.   :201308   Max.   :200774   Max.   :201798  
##     Aug.2018         Sep.2018         Oct.2018         Nov.2018     
##  Min.   :  6515   Min.   :  6426   Min.   :  6426   Min.   :  6473  
##  1st Qu.: 48784   1st Qu.: 48382   1st Qu.: 49878   1st Qu.: 48424  
##  Median : 78187   Median : 77406   Median : 78188   Median : 77438  
##  Mean   : 91308   Mean   : 91100   Mean   : 91926   Mean   : 92567  
##  3rd Qu.:118765   3rd Qu.:119691   3rd Qu.:120276   3rd Qu.:121136  
##  Max.   :200176   Max.   :198818   Max.   :200138   Max.   :202180  
##     Dec.2018         Jan.2019         Feb.2019         Mar.2019     
##  Min.   :  6366   Min.   :  6477   Min.   :  6536   Min.   :  6558  
##  1st Qu.: 46268   1st Qu.: 46652   1st Qu.: 46889   1st Qu.: 47722  
##  Median : 77416   Median : 78388   Median : 77184   Median : 77829  
##  Mean   : 90981   Mean   : 91659   Mean   : 91729   Mean   : 92942  
##  3rd Qu.:118952   3rd Qu.:122359   3rd Qu.:120910   3rd Qu.:122683  
##  Max.   :204030   Max.   :199292   Max.   :201904   Max.   :207144  
##     Apr.2019         May.2019         Jun.2019         Jul.2019     
##  Min.   :  6683   Min.   :  6717   Min.   :  6799   Min.   :  6680  
##  1st Qu.: 48132   1st Qu.: 48098   1st Qu.: 47059   1st Qu.: 47413  
##  Median : 78270   Median : 78431   Median : 78702   Median : 79522  
##  Mean   : 93001   Mean   : 93398   Mean   : 93560   Mean   : 94507  
##  3rd Qu.:122936   3rd Qu.:123962   3rd Qu.:125004   3rd Qu.:126739  
##  Max.   :204492   Max.   :205754   Max.   :205756   Max.   :206690  
##     Aug.2019         Sep.2019         Oct.2019         Nov.2019     
##  Min.   :  6740   Min.   :  6698   Min.   :  6742   Min.   :  6532  
##  1st Qu.: 47322   1st Qu.: 47108   1st Qu.: 47744   1st Qu.: 47744  
##  Median : 80040   Median : 79989   Median : 79824   Median : 79827  
##  Mean   : 94952   Mean   : 94187   Mean   : 94479   Mean   : 94973  
##  3rd Qu.:126356   3rd Qu.:125778   3rd Qu.:126106   3rd Qu.:126188  
##  Max.   :211464   Max.   :206970   Max.   :206680   Max.   :211438  
##     Dec.2019         Jan.2020         Feb.2020         Mar.2020     
##  Min.   :  6720   Min.   :  6702   Min.   :  6635   Min.   :  5482  
##  1st Qu.: 48333   1st Qu.: 47824   1st Qu.: 47640   1st Qu.: 39579  
##  Median : 80771   Median : 82067   Median : 82155   Median : 73076  
##  Mean   : 95614   Mean   : 95194   Mean   : 95773   Mean   : 90323  
##  3rd Qu.:127730   3rd Qu.:126192   3rd Qu.:127354   3rd Qu.:148385  
##  Max.   :207500   Max.   :205860   Max.   :206990   Max.   :193900  
##     Apr.2020         May.2020         Jun.2020         Jul.2020     
##  Min.   :  3693   Min.   :  6455   Min.   :  8244   Min.   :  7889  
##  1st Qu.: 29037   1st Qu.: 34180   1st Qu.: 40239   1st Qu.: 42118  
##  Median : 62211   Median : 70061   Median : 76329   Median : 78464  
##  Mean   : 78454   Mean   : 91844   Mean   : 98070   Mean   : 99699  
##  3rd Qu.:138532   3rd Qu.:157746   3rd Qu.:154066   3rd Qu.:160219  
##  Max.   :170785   Max.   :195926   Max.   :213922   Max.   :211664  
##     Aug.2020         Sep.2020         Oct.2020         Nov.2020     
##  Min.   :  7467   Min.   :  7855   Min.   :  7764   Min.   :  7664  
##  1st Qu.: 42695   1st Qu.: 44816   1st Qu.: 43937   1st Qu.: 42493  
##  Median : 80805   Median : 81616   Median : 81460   Median : 79940  
##  Mean   :100065   Mean   :102299   Mean   :101832   Mean   :100984  
##  3rd Qu.:160269   3rd Qu.:160444   3rd Qu.:160940   3rd Qu.:161492  
##  Max.   :214470   Max.   :222056   Max.   :220924   Max.   :217854  
##     Dec.2020         Jan.2021         Feb.2021         Mar.2021     
##  Min.   :  7711   Min.   :  8545   Min.   :  7830   Min.   :  9513  
##  1st Qu.: 44863   1st Qu.: 46509   1st Qu.: 47982   1st Qu.: 51563  
##  Median : 78660   Median : 85102   Median : 82344   Median : 92832  
##  Mean   :100684   Mean   :106109   Mean   :103846   Mean   :115335  
##  3rd Qu.:156190   3rd Qu.:165394   3rd Qu.:164970   3rd Qu.:177688  
##  Max.   :222172   Max.   :230064   Max.   :223552   Max.   :262210  
##     Apr.2021         May.2021         Jun.2021         Jul.2021     
##  Min.   :  9367   Min.   :  9095   Min.   :  8957   Min.   :  8912  
##  1st Qu.: 51318   1st Qu.: 51307   1st Qu.: 52728   1st Qu.: 53049  
##  Median : 94230   Median : 93666   Median : 95130   Median : 95337  
##  Mean   :115015   Mean   :114069   Mean   :114817   Mean   :112543  
##  3rd Qu.:171388   3rd Qu.:173467   3rd Qu.:177096   3rd Qu.:167353  
##  Max.   :266914   Max.   :262286   Max.   :254154   Max.   :244656  
##     Aug.2021         Sep.2021         Oct.2021         Nov.2021     
##  Min.   :  8801   Min.   :  8904   Min.   :  8954   Min.   :  9236  
##  1st Qu.: 54613   1st Qu.: 56124   1st Qu.: 57861   1st Qu.: 58678  
##  Median : 95026   Median : 95970   Median : 96896   Median : 97401  
##  Mean   :113535   Mean   :114587   Mean   :116089   Mean   :117048  
##  3rd Qu.:175650   3rd Qu.:176574   3rd Qu.:179957   3rd Qu.:181342  
##  Max.   :239232   Max.   :242184   Max.   :245394   Max.   :249392  
##     Dec.2021         Jan.2022         Feb.2022         Mar.2022     
##  Min.   :  8980   Min.   :  8877   Min.   :  8916   Min.   :  9009  
##  1st Qu.: 59816   1st Qu.: 58920   1st Qu.: 59894   1st Qu.: 62024  
##  Median : 97041   Median : 96657   Median : 99624   Median :100996  
##  Mean   :115450   Mean   :118643   Mean   :119692   Mean   :120422  
##  3rd Qu.:175109   3rd Qu.:184477   3rd Qu.:186374   3rd Qu.:184748  
##  Max.   :244486   Max.   :259332   Max.   :262856   Max.   :257044  
##     Apr.2022         May.2022         Jun.2022         Jul.2022     
##  Min.   :  9069   Min.   :  9153   Min.   :  9233   Min.   :  9236  
##  1st Qu.: 62048   1st Qu.: 62984   1st Qu.: 64174   1st Qu.: 63866  
##  Median :101991   Median :102007   Median :101986   Median :101970  
##  Mean   :121158   Mean   :121264   Mean   :122474   Mean   :122056  
##  3rd Qu.:186230   3rd Qu.:190578   3rd Qu.:191308   3rd Qu.:194266  
##  Max.   :261622   Max.   :252780   Max.   :254208   Max.   :249106  
##     Aug.2022         Sep.2022         Oct.2022         Nov.2022     
##  Min.   :  9335   Min.   :  9295   Min.   :  9354   Min.   :  9322  
##  1st Qu.: 62924   1st Qu.: 62673   1st Qu.: 63316   1st Qu.: 63240  
##  Median :103606   Median :103336   Median :104524   Median :102773  
##  Mean   :123034   Mean   :123062   Mean   :124230   Mean   :123062  
##  3rd Qu.:194892   3rd Qu.:195438   3rd Qu.:197012   3rd Qu.:197634  
##  Max.   :256298   Max.   :254902   Max.   :258826   Max.   :251988
# plot 

# unpivot
df_nd_before_unpivot <- df_nd
df_nd <- melt(df_nd, id.vars = "group")

# rename cols
colnames(df_nd) <- c("group", "month_year", "sales")

# see group statistics
ggplot(data = df_nd, mapping = aes(x = group, y = log(sales))) +
        geom_boxplot(notch = TRUE, position = "dodge2", outlier.colour = "red", outlier.shape = 1)+
        ggtitle(label = "Box: US Monthly business salses. Jan1992-Nov2022") + 
        theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, color = "red", size = 13))

# plot monthly sales by groups
ggplot(data = df_nd, mapping = aes(x = month_year, y = log(sales), color=group)) +
        geom_point(size=0.01) +
        geom_smooth() +
        ggtitle(label = "US Monthly business salses. Jan1992-Nov2022") + 
        theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))+
        scale_x_discrete(guide = guide_axis(check.overlap = TRUE))
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula = 'y ~ x'

# plot sliced dataset to see details
df_nd <- cbind(df_nd, colsplit(df_nd$month_year, "\\.", c("month", "year")))

# narrow history
ggplot(data = subset(df_nd, year >= 2000), mapping = aes(x = year, y = log(sales), color = group))+
        geom_point(size = 0.01) +
        geom_smooth() +
        ggtitle(label = "Point: US Monthly business salses. 2000-2022") + 
        theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, color = "red", size = 13))
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula = 'y ~ x'

# this is a separate clearer plot compared with the above
ggplot(data = subset(df_nd, year >= 2000), mapping = aes(x = year, y = log(sales), color = group))+
        geom_point(size = 0.01) +
        geom_smooth() +
        ggtitle(label = "Facet: US Monthly business salses. 2000-2022") + 
        theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, color = "blue", size = 13)) +
        facet_wrap( ~ group, nrow = 2)+
        scale_x_discrete(guide = guide_axis(check.overlap = TRUE))
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula = 'y ~ x'

# this is same with the above but show all history
ggplot(data = subset(df_nd), mapping = aes(x = year, y = log(sales), color = group))+
        geom_point(size = 0.01) +
        geom_smooth() +
        ggtitle(label = "Facet: US Monthly business salses. 1992-2022") + 
        theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, color = "red", size = 13)) +
        facet_wrap( ~ group, nrow = 2)+
        scale_x_discrete(guide = guide_axis(n.dodge=0.5))
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula = 'y ~ x'

# looks like some business kinds have same trends
ggplot(data = subset(df_nd, df_nd$group %in% c("fuel", "vehicle")))+
        stat_qq(aes(sample=log(sales)), color = "purple") +
        ggtitle(label = "QQ: Salses on Fuel vs Vehicle. 1992-2022") + 
        theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, color = "purple", size = 13))

# scattered plot
ggplot(data = subset(df_nd, year >= 2000), mapping = aes(x = year, y = log(sales), color = group))+
        geom_point(size = 0.01) +
        geom_smooth(aes(class=group, color=group, shape=group, linetype=group),se=F)  +
        ggtitle(label = "Point: US Monthly business salses. 2000-2022") + 
        theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, color = "orange", size = 13))
## Warning in geom_smooth(aes(class = group, color = group, shape = group, :
## Ignoring unknown aesthetics: class and shape
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula = 'y ~ x'
## Warning: The shape palette can deal with a maximum of 6 discrete values because
## more than 6 becomes difficult to discriminate; you have 10. Consider
## specifying shapes manually if you must have them.