Demographic Summary

Little Rock
(N=36)		 Palo Alto
(N=56)		 Puget Sound
(N=72)		 Overall
(N=164)
Gender
Male 29 (80.6%) 36 (64.3%) 33 (45.8%) 98 (59.8%)
Female 7 (19.4%) 6 (10.7%) 14 (19.4%) 27 (16.5%)
Unknown 0 (0%) 1 (1.8%) 1 (1.4%) 2 (1.2%)
Missing 0 (0%) 13 (23.2%) 24 (33.3%) 37 (22.6%)
Age
Mean (SD) 70.8 (5.92) 74.4 (7.87) 59.3 (15.2) 67.9 (12.5)
Median [Min, Max] 70.0 [61.0, 88.0] 74.0 [53.0, 94.0] 62.0 [28.0, 84.0] 70.5 [28.0, 94.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 14 (25.0%) 28 (38.9%) 42 (25.6%)
Race
White 26 (72.2%) 23 (41.1%) 28 (38.9%) 77 (47.0%)
Black 9 (25.0%) 2 (3.6%) 7 (9.7%) 18 (11.0%)
Asian 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 2 (2.8%) 2 (1.2%)
American Indian/Alaskan Native 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 2 (2.8%) 2 (1.2%)
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 0 (0%) 2 (3.6%) 2 (2.8%) 4 (2.4%)
Unknown 1 (2.8%) 12 (21.4%) 7 (9.7%) 20 (12.2%)
Missing 0 (0%) 17 (30.4%) 24 (33.3%) 41 (25.0%)
Education
< 8th Grade 0 (0%) 2 (3.6%) 0 (0%) 2 (1.2%)
< 12th Grade 0 (0%) 3 (5.4%) 0 (0%) 3 (1.8%)
High School/GED 2 (5.6%) 3 (5.4%) 0 (0%) 5 (3.0%)
Some College 12 (33.3%) 9 (16.1%) 11 (15.3%) 32 (19.5%)
Trade/Technical/Vocational Training 4 (11.1%) 0 (0%) 3 (4.2%) 7 (4.3%)
Associate Degree 5 (13.9%) 5 (8.9%) 9 (12.5%) 19 (11.6%)
Bachelor's Degree 4 (11.1%) 4 (7.1%) 14 (19.4%) 22 (13.4%)
Postgrad Degree 5 (13.9%) 3 (5.4%) 11 (15.3%) 19 (11.6%)
Unknown 4 (11.1%) 12 (21.4%) 1 (1.4%) 17 (10.4%)
Missing 0 (0%) 15 (26.8%) 23 (31.9%) 38 (23.2%)
Marraige Status
Single/Never Married 2 (5.6%) 4 (7.1%) 7 (9.7%) 13 (7.9%)
Married 23 (63.9%) 20 (35.7%) 27 (37.5%) 70 (42.7%)
Widowed 2 (5.6%) 3 (5.4%) 4 (5.6%) 9 (5.5%)
Divorced 8 (22.2%) 8 (14.3%) 9 (12.5%) 25 (15.2%)
Separated 1 (2.8%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 (0.6%)
Domestic Partner 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 (1.4%) 1 (0.6%)
Unknown 0 (0%) 7 (12.5%) 1 (1.4%) 8 (4.9%)
Missing 0 (0%) 14 (25.0%) 23 (31.9%) 37 (22.6%)
Employment
No Employment History 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 (1.4%) 1 (0.6%)
Employed < 19 hours/week 0 (0%) 2 (3.6%) 2 (2.8%) 4 (2.4%)
Employed > 20 hours/week 1 (2.8%) 1 (1.8%) 7 (9.7%) 9 (5.5%)
Disabled 6 (16.7%) 6 (10.7%) 12 (16.7%) 24 (14.6%)
Retired 29 (80.6%) 27 (48.2%) 23 (31.9%) 79 (48.2%)
Unknown 0 (0%) 5 (8.9%) 1 (1.4%) 6 (3.7%)
Missing 0 (0%) 15 (26.8%) 26 (36.1%) 41 (25.0%)






Attendance Summaries




Histogram of attendance total




Histogram of attendance percentage




Barchart of attendance percentage groupings



Barchart of attendance percentage groupings, for those who have completed the course









Exam Completion Summary



Number of complete pre and post course exams by exam and site

Pre Tai Chi Exam
Post Tai Chi Exam
Complete Both Pre and Post
Exam Little Rock Palo Alto Puget Sound Total Little Rock Palo Alto Puget Sound Total Little Rock Palo Alto Puget Sound Total
De Jong 36 31 43 110 20 18 33 71 20 11 23 54
GAD-7 36 30 47 113 20 19 34 73 20 12 25 57
PEG 36 31 49 116 20 26 35 81 20 22 27 69
PHQ9 36 31 46 113 20 19 33 72 20 12 25 57
ISI 9 0 43 52 6 0 31 37 4 0 19 23
SWLS 36 31 46 113 20 16 33 69 20 11 24 55
Balance 0 47 65 112 0 31 40 71 0 30 37 67
Chair 35 51 63 149 18 33 36 87 18 32 33 83
Falls 35 25 42 102 20 24 29 73 19 18 18 55












Number of complete pre and post course exams by exam and site for those 60+ in age

Pre Tai Chi Exam
Post Tai Chi Exam
Complete Both Pre and Post
Exam Little Rock Palo Alto Puget Sound Total Little Rock Palo Alto Puget Sound Total Little Rock Palo Alto Puget Sound Total
De Jong 36 20 20 76 20 17 18 55 20 11 13 44
GAD-7 36 19 20 75 20 18 20 58 20 12 14 46
PEG 36 29 21 86 20 24 20 64 20 22 15 57
PHQ9 36 20 20 76 20 18 20 58 20 12 15 47
ISI 9 0 19 28 6 0 19 25 4 0 12 16
SWLS 36 20 21 77 20 15 19 54 20 11 14 45
Balance 0 37 23 60 0 29 19 48 0 29 17 46
Chair 35 38 21 94 18 31 16 65 18 31 14 63
Falls 35 24 18 77 20 22 16 58 19 18 11 48










Quick Card Summary

Question Mean SD N
Q1: Rewarding 4.60 0.88 47
Q2: Instructor 4.87 0.45 46
Q3: Continue Tai Chi 4.38 0.97 47
Q4: Health 4.52 0.96 46
Q5: Kindness 4.96 0.20 47
Total Score 23.56 2.28 45
Note:
Possible score range = 1 - 5 (1 = least, 5 = most)













Baseline Exam Scores Summary

Little Rock
(N=36)		 Palo Alto
(N=56)		 Puget Sound
(N=72)		 Overall
(N=164)
De Jong Total Score
Mean (SD) 4.78 (3.83) 3.94 (3.12) 5.40 (3.81) 4.78 (3.65)
Median [Min, Max] 4.50 [0, 11.0] 4.00 [0, 10.0] 6.00 [0, 11.0] 4.00 [0, 11.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 25 (44.6%) 29 (40.3%) 54 (32.9%)
Falls Efficacy Total Score
Mean (SD) 28.3 (9.62) 27.7 (10.4) 34.3 (10.4) 30.6 (10.5)
Median [Min, Max] 28.0 [16.0, 49.0] 26.0 [16.0, 50.0] 35.0 [16.0, 57.0] 29.5 [16.0, 57.0]
Missing 1 (2.8%) 31 (55.4%) 30 (41.7%) 62 (37.8%)
GAD-7 Total Score
Mean (SD) 5.17 (5.21) 4.30 (4.60) 6.87 (5.22) 5.65 (5.13)
Median [Min, Max] 4.00 [0, 19.0] 2.50 [0, 15.0] 6.00 [0, 20.0] 5.00 [0, 20.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 26 (46.4%) 25 (34.7%) 51 (31.1%)
Insomnia Severity Index Total Score
Mean (SD) 9.44 (9.88) NA (NA) 12.8 (7.58) 12.3 (8.02)
Median [Min, Max] 5.00 [0, 25.0] NA [NA, NA] 12.0 [0, 28.0] 12.0 [0, 28.0]
Missing 27 (75.0%) 56 (100%) 29 (40.3%) 112 (68.3%)
PEG Pain Scale Total Score
Mean (SD) 3.64 (2.74) 2.49 (2.47) 5.01 (2.55) 3.91 (2.77)
Median [Min, Max] 3.17 [0, 9.00] 2.00 [0, 7.00] 5.00 [0, 9.33] 4.00 [0, 9.33]
Missing 0 (0%) 25 (44.6%) 23 (31.9%) 48 (29.3%)
PHQ9 Total Score
Mean (SD) 6.86 (5.96) 4.87 (5.40) 8.50 (5.98) 6.98 (5.96)
Median [Min, Max] 5.50 [0, 19.0] 3.00 [0, 17.0] 8.00 [0, 21.0] 5.00 [0, 21.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 25 (44.6%) 26 (36.1%) 51 (31.1%)
Satisfaction with Life Survey Total Score
Mean (SD) 22.9 (7.88) 25.5 (8.57) 21.2 (8.38) 22.9 (8.39)
Median [Min, Max] 22.5 [5.00, 35.0] 30.0 [6.00, 35.0] 22.5 [5.00, 35.0] 24.0 [5.00, 35.0]
Missing 0 (0%) 25 (44.6%) 26 (36.1%) 51 (31.1%)
Chair Stands (Total Stands)
Mean (SD) 8.77 (3.65) 9.65 (3.96) 10.2 (4.95) 9.68 (4.35)
Median [Min, Max] 9.00 [0, 15.0] 10.0 [0, 20.0] 11.0 [0, 25.0] 10.0 [0, 25.0]
Missing 1 (2.8%) 5 (8.9%) 9 (12.5%) 15 (9.1%)
Balance: Side by Side
Mean (SD) NA (NA) 9.90 (0.722) 10.0 (0) 9.96 (0.470)
Median [Min, Max] NA [NA, NA] 10.0 [5.00, 10.0] 10.0 [10.0, 10.0] 10.0 [5.00, 10.0]
Missing 36 (100%) 8 (14.3%) 7 (9.7%) 51 (31.1%)
Balance: Instep
Mean (SD) NA (NA) 9.28 (2.29) 9.80 (1.26) 9.58 (1.78)
Median [Min, Max] NA [NA, NA] 10.0 [0, 10.0] 10.0 [0, 10.0] 10.0 [0, 10.0]
Missing 36 (100%) 9 (16.1%) 7 (9.7%) 52 (31.7%)
Balance: Tandem
Mean (SD) NA (NA) 6.60 (4.32) 8.52 (2.81) 7.71 (3.64)
Median [Min, Max] NA [NA, NA] 10.0 [0, 10.0] 10.0 [0, 10.0] 10.0 [0, 10.0]
Missing 36 (100%) 9 (16.1%) 7 (9.7%) 52 (31.7%)
Balance: One Foot
Mean (SD) NA (NA) 3.87 (3.64) 6.88 (3.71) 5.62 (3.95)
Median [Min, Max] NA [NA, NA] 2.00 [0, 10.0] 9.00 [0, 10.0] 6.00 [0, 10.0]
Missing 36 (100%) 9 (16.1%) 7 (9.7%) 52 (31.7%)
















De Jong Loneliness Scale

Assesses loneliness. Higher scores indicate more loneliness

GAD-7

Assesses anxiety. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety

PEG Pain Scale

Assesses pain by averaging the scores of 3 quesitons on the severity of pain and how it interferes with one’s life. Higher scores indicate more pain

PHQ-9

Objectifies and assesses degree of depression severity. Higher scores indicate more severe depression

Insomnia Score

Assesses the severity of insomnia symptoms. Higher scores indicate greater severity

Satisfaction

Designed to measure global cognitive judgments of one’s life satisfaction. Higher scores indicate more satisfaction

Balance Tests

Number of seconds able to balance in different poses (maximum of 10 seconds)

Chair Stand

Total number of sits/stands in a 30 second period

Falls Efficacy Score

Assesses confidence in doing 10 household activities. Higher scores indicate lower confidence


Analyses of above average scorers




Dejong Loneliness



GAD-7



PEG



PHQ9



Insomnia Severity Index



Satisfaction With Life Survey



Balance (one foot stand)



Chair Stands



Falls Efficacy








Paired T-test Results


Exam N Pre TC Mean Post TC Mean Difference P-value
Dejong 54 5.04 4.72 -0.31 0.34
GAD 57 5.54 5.26 -0.28 0.57
PEG 69 3.27 3.50 0.23 0.38
PHQ9 57 7.11 6.09 -1.02 0.08
ISI 23 12.13 10.17 -1.96 0.15
SWLS 55 22.95 23.76 0.82 0.14
Balance 67 7.91 9.28 1.37 < 0.05
Chair Stands 83 10.22 12.17 1.96 < 0.05
FALLS 55 29.00 28.31 -0.69 0.47




Paired T-test Results (for those with >60% attendance)


Exam N Pre TC Mean Post TC Mean Difference P-value
Dejong 47 5.00 4.57 -0.43 0.18
GAD 50 5.10 4.42 -0.68 0.18
PEG 58 3.09 3.32 0.23 0.33
PHQ9 50 6.58 5.54 -1.04 < 0.05
ISI 20 11.60 9.15 -2.45 0.06
SWLS 49 23.33 23.82 0.49 0.4
Balance 54 5.45 6.65 1.19 < 0.05
Chair Stands 70 9.89 12.21 2.32 < 0.05
FALLS 46 29.07 27.83 -1.24 0.23









Paired T-test Results (for those with >60% attendance and who are 60+)



Exam N Pre TC Mean Post TC Mean Difference P-value
Dejong 39 4.87 4.36 -0.51 0.12
GAD 40 5.00 4.50 -0.50 0.31
PEG 48 2.76 3.10 0.35 0.21
PHQ9 41 6.54 5.61 -0.93 0.09
ISI 15 11.13 8.00 -3.13 < 0.05
SWLS 40 23.45 24.25 0.80 0.16
Balance 36 4.65 6.19 1.54 < 0.05
Chair Stands 53 10.42 12.97 2.56 < 0.05
FALLS 40 29.52 28.88 -0.65 0.51





























Mixed Model results

Exam N Coefficient P-value
Dejong 127 0.15 0.63
GAD 129 0.23 0.62
PEG 128 -0.10 0.68
PHQ9 128 0.83 0.12
ISI 66 1.42 0.23
SWLS 127 -0.70 0.2
Balance 116 -1.45 < 0.05
Chair Stands 153 -2.02 < 0.05
FALLS 120 0.70 0.44

Mixed Model results (Complete Data)

Exam N Coefficient P-value
Dejong 54 -0.31 0.34
GAD 57 -0.28 0.57
PEG 69 0.23 0.38
PHQ9 57 -1.02 0.08
ISI 23 -1.96 0.15
SWLS 55 0.82 0.14
Balance 67 1.37 < 0.05
Chair Stands 83 1.96 < 0.05
FALLS 55 -0.69 0.47























Getting missing demographic information