Prod_Systems_M1_Notes

Author

ELGC

Notes on production systems chapter one

Production system: collection of people, equipment, and procedures organized for manufacturing.

Facilities: equipment, its layout, and factory in which the equipment is located.

Machinery and tooling
Material handling equipment
Inspection fixtures and equipment
Information systems

Manufacturing support systems: procedures and processes to manage production and to solve the technical and logistics problems when acquiring materials, producing work, and ensuring quality. Also includes product design.

Support systems help with the planning and and control of product though the factory.

Manufacturing systems:

Manual work system consisting of hand tools and workers.

Code

library("vembedr")
suggest_embed("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2d4W7WMCQ4")

embed_youtube("D2d4W7WMCQ4")

Code

embed_youtube("D2d4W7WMCQ4")

Worker-machine systems where humans operate powered equipment.

Code

library("vembedr")
suggest_embed("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dK_iXsl6pew")

embed_youtube("dK_iXsl6pew")

Code

embed_youtube("dK_iXsl6pew")

Automated systems that require some work attention on automated machinery.

Code

library("vembedr")
suggest_embed("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CfMnPjUv3Es")

embed_youtube("CfMnPjUv3Es")

Code

embed_youtube("CfMnPjUv3Es")

Business functions: help with the creation , operation, and delivery of information for the customer. Include sales and marketing, sales forecasting, order entry, and billing.

Product design: provided by the customer or generated by the product design group to satisfy customer’s specifications.

Manufacturing planning: Information and documentation of process and material flows in quantity and timing. Include:

Process planning. Sequence of operations to produce the product.
Master scheduling or master production schedule. List of the products to manufacture.
Materials requirements planning (MRP). Computations of material quantities to produce or acquire to generate the final products.
Capacity planning. Estimation of resources (labor and equipment) needed to manufacture products in quantity, timing, cost, and quality.

Manufacturing control: coordination, managing and guiding of physical operations to realize production plans.

Inventory control. Estimation of the best quantities of raw materials and work in process
Shop floor control. Coordination of physical operation and flow of product and materials in the floor.
Quality control. Determination of quality of product with respect to specifications. Includes inspections, testing, monitoring, problem solving support, and reporting.

Some instances where manual labor might be preferred over automation

Labor cost
Tasks not cost effective, or technically difficult, to automate
Short product life cycle or rapid prototyping
Highly customized product that requires versatility and adaptability
Relative cost of acquisition and operation of equipment and labor in markets with high demand variation or cycles. Labor is easier to hire and fire vs. fixed cost of equipment.
Need to reduce the risk to incur in higher costs before knowing that product demand is large enough to generate expected profits
Lack of capital resources
As initial step in the automation of a production process. Humans are the most flexible and versatile robots.

Automation in production systems

Code

library("vembedr")
suggest_embed("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WAXnftiVGko")

embed_youtube("WAXnftiVGko")

Code

embed_youtube("WAXnftiVGko")

Reasons for Automating

Increase labor productivity. .
Reduce labor cost.
Mitigate the effects of labor shortages.
Reduce or eliminate routine manual and clerical tasks.
Improve worker safety.
Improve product quality.
Reduce manufacturing lead time.
Perform complex processes that cannot be done manually.
Avoid opportunity cost of not automating.

USA Principle

Code

library("vembedr")
suggest_embed("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRm3PoLcNyw")

embed_youtube("pRm3PoLcNyw")

Code

embed_youtube("pRm3PoLcNyw")