Basic Sociogram
(Undirected, weighted) Sociogram consisting of 64 nodes (i.e. terrorists) and 243 edges (relationships between two people). The highest weighted edges in the network are red, while the lowest weighted ties are lighter.
Substructures
Measuring local connectivity
Transitivity: For every group of three vertices in a network there exists three potential edges. If all edges exist, then the triad is said to be closed
+ 1581/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Mohamed El Egipcio
[4] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Mohamed Bekkali
[7] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Vinay Kholy
[10] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Suresh Kumar
[13] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Imad Eddin Barakat
[16] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Abdelaziz Benyaich
[19] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Abu Abderrahame
[22] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Amer Azizi
[25] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Abu Musad Alsakaoui
[28] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Mohamed Atta
+ ... omitted several verticesLocal Transitivity: Proportion of closed triangles that a vertex is a part of, out of the theoretical number of closed triangles it could be a part of given its connections.
[1] 135 1 129 45 45 4 85 9 6 1 81 45 45 45 46 45 74 49 7
[20] 14 6 1 54 12 6 48 52 49 3 48 5 10 8 8 6 0 37 82
[39] 0 0 37 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 6 6 28 45 1 0 35 0 12
[58] 14 14 14 14 1 1 1[1] 135Important vertices
Degree is the number of adjacent edges to a vertex or node: In this undirected network, we see that Jamal Zougam is the most influential individual as he has the highest degree, 29, meaning he is connected with 29 other terrorists.Jamal Zougam
1 Betweenness
Betweenness measures how frequently a vertex lies on the shortest paths between any two vertices in the network. It is equivalent to how critical each vertex is to the flow of information through a network. In this case, Semaan Gaby Eid has the highest score.
Jamal Zougam Mohamed Bekkali Mohamed Chaoui
264.04698674 0.05555556 373.59856993
Vinay Kholy Suresh Kumar Mohamed Chedadi
0.51347578 0.51347578 71.55768398
Imad Eddin Barakat Abdelaziz Benyaich Abu Abderrahame
252.18430109 8.17428476 0.05555556
Omar Dhegayes Amer Azizi Abu Musad Alsakaoui
0.00000000 91.35033809 15.31704753
Mohamed Atta Ramzi Binalshibh Mohamed Belfatmi
8.25333901 5.70133262 14.49931846
Said Bahaji Galeb Kalaje Abderrahim Zbakh
48.79917687 65.38033448 178.22501980
Farid Oulad Ali José Emilio Suárez Khalid Ouled Akcha
17.48896104 91.81241982 27.94761905
Rafa Zuher Naima Oulad Akcha Abdelkarim el Mejjati
41.10778668 233.82992048 162.33874459
Anwar Adnan Ahmad Basel Ghayoun S B Abdelmajid Fakhet
1.26666667 14.82657102 56.88621151
Jamal Ahmidan Said Ahmidan Hamid Ahmidan
260.20244528 0.00000000 53.16466626
Mustafa Ahmidan Antonio Toro Mohamed Oulad Akcha
26.03946609 0.00000000 1.75000000
Rachid Oulad Akcha Mamoun Darkazanli Fouad El Morabit Anghar
1.75000000 1.26666667 1.12500000
Abdeluahid Berrak Said Berrak Waanid Altaraki Almasri
267.32672392 109.38619492 0.00000000
Abddenabi Koujma Otman El Gnaut Abdelilah el Fouad
0.00000000 20.80386386 0.00000000
Parlindumgan Siregar El Hemir Anuar Asri Rifaat
0.00000000 4.56662067 0.00000000
Rachid Adli Ghasoub Al Albrash Said Chedadi
0.00000000 0.00000000 0.92821068
Mohamed Bahaiah Taysir Alouny OM. Othman Abu Qutada
0.00000000 45.09341399 3.95821092
Shakur Driss Chebli Abdul Fatal
7.67785202 1.34090909 2.81175769
Mohamed El Egipcio Nasredine Boushoa Semaan Gaby Eid
171.21753421 0.00000000 448.45887998
Emilio Llamo Ivan Granados Raul Gonzales Perez
9.85939504 9.85939504 9.85939504
El Gitanillo Moutaz Almallah Mohamed Almallah
9.85939504 0.00000000 0.00000000
Yousef Hichman
0.00000000 Semaan Gaby Eid
57 [1] 0.2296256In this network, we see that Semaan Gaby Eid has the highest betweenness of 448.46 (0.229 if normalized) indicating that he’s the one that most commonly lies between two other terrorists in the network. Individuals with high betweenness are key bridges between different parts of a network. Individuals with low betweenness are not that significant to the overall connectedness of the network.
Triads
Transitivity: For every group of three vertices in a network there exists three potential edges. If all edges exist, then the triad is said to be closed+ 1581/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Mohamed El Egipcio
[4] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Mohamed Bekkali
[7] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Vinay Kholy
[10] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Suresh Kumar
[13] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Imad Eddin Barakat
[16] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Abdelaziz Benyaich
[19] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Abu Abderrahame
[22] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Amer Azizi
[25] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Abu Musad Alsakaoui
[28] Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui Mohamed Atta
+ ... omitted several verticesLocal Transitivity calculates the proportion of closed triangles that a vertex is a part of, out of the theoretical number of closed triangles it could be a part of given its connections.
[1] 135 1 129 45 45 4 85 9 6 1 81 45 45 45 46 45 74 49 7
[20] 14 6 1 54 12 6 48 52 49 3 48 5 10 8 8 6 0 37 82
[39] 0 0 37 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 6 6 28 45 1 0 35 0 12
[58] 14 14 14 14 1 1 1Cliques
In a clique, every vertex is connected to every other vertex.[[1]]
+ 11/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abderrahim Zbakh Jamal Zougam Said Berrak
[4] Hamid Ahmidan Jamal Ahmidan S B Abdelmajid Fakhet
[7] Basel Ghayoun Naima Oulad Akcha Suresh Kumar
[10] Vinay Kholy Mohamed Chaoui
[[2]]
+ 11/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Galeb Kalaje Jamal Zougam Amer Azizi
[4] Imad Eddin Barakat Mohamed Chaoui Shakur
[7] Said Bahaji Mohamed Belfatmi Ramzi Binalshibh
[10] Mohamed Atta Abu Musad Alsakaoui[[1]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Parlindumgan Siregar Amer Azizi
[[2]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Waanid Altaraki Almasri Naima Oulad Akcha
[[3]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abddenabi Koujma Abderrahim Zbakh
[[4]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Nasredine Boushoa Jamal Ahmidan
[[5]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Rachid Adli José Emilio Suárez
[[6]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Ghasoub Al Albrash Imad Eddin Barakat
[[7]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abdelilah el Fouad Semaan Gaby Eid
[[8]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Anuar Asri Rifaat Abderrahim Zbakh
[[9]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Said Chedadi Galeb Kalaje
[[10]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Said Chedadi Mohamed Chedadi
[[11]]
+ 3/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mohamed Bekkali Jamal Zougam Mohamed Chaoui
[[12]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Fouad El Morabit Anghar Mohamed El Egipcio
[[13]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Fouad El Morabit Anghar Mohamed Chedadi
[[14]]
+ 3/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Omar Dhegayes Imad Eddin Barakat Abdelaziz Benyaich
[[15]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abdul Fatal Taysir Alouny
[[16]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abdul Fatal Said Bahaji
[[17]]
+ 3/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Driss Chebli Imad Eddin Barakat Mohamed Belfatmi
[[18]]
+ 3/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Yousef Hichman Mustafa Ahmidan Semaan Gaby Eid
[[19]]
+ 3/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mohamed Almallah Mohamed El Egipcio Moutaz Almallah
[[20]]
+ 4/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Said Ahmidan Jamal Ahmidan Mustafa Ahmidan Hamid Ahmidan
[[21]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Rafa Zuher José Emilio Suárez
[[22]]
+ 3/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Rafa Zuher Farid Oulad Ali Naima Oulad Akcha
[[23]]
+ 3/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mustafa Ahmidan Jamal Ahmidan Semaan Gaby Eid
[[24]]
+ 5/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] El Hemir Jamal Zougam Mohamed El Egipcio Amer Azizi
[5] Imad Eddin Barakat
[[25]]
+ 5/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abdelkarim el Mejjati Taysir Alouny Mohamed Bahaiah
[4] Mamoun Darkazanli Anwar Adnan Ahmad
[[26]]
+ 5/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abdelkarim el Mejjati Jamal Zougam Abu Abderrahame
[4] Abdelaziz Benyaich Mohamed Chaoui
[[27]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Taysir Alouny Imad Eddin Barakat
[[28]]
+ 4/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abdelaziz Benyaich Jamal Zougam Imad Eddin Barakat Mohamed Chaoui
[[29]]
+ 4/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mohamed Oulad Akcha Naima Oulad Akcha Rachid Oulad Akcha
[4] Abderrahim Zbakh
[[30]]
+ 5/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mohamed Oulad Akcha Naima Oulad Akcha Rachid Oulad Akcha
[4] Khalid Ouled Akcha Farid Oulad Ali
[[31]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mohamed Chedadi Farid Oulad Ali
[[32]]
+ 3/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mohamed Chedadi Jamal Zougam Abderrahim Zbakh
[[33]]
+ 4/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mohamed Chedadi Jamal Zougam Otman El Gnaut Abdeluahid Berrak
[[34]]
+ 6/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] José Emilio Suárez Emilio Llamo El Gitanillo
[4] Raul Gonzales Perez Ivan Granados Antonio Toro
[[35]]
+ 6/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] José Emilio Suárez Emilio Llamo El Gitanillo
[4] Raul Gonzales Perez Ivan Granados Semaan Gaby Eid
[[36]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Khalid Ouled Akcha Semaan Gaby Eid
[[37]]
+ 2/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Semaan Gaby Eid Abdeluahid Berrak
[[38]]
+ 9/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abdeluahid Berrak Jamal Zougam Otman El Gnaut
[4] Said Berrak Galeb Kalaje Amer Azizi
[7] Imad Eddin Barakat Mohamed Chaoui OM. Othman Abu Qutada
[[39]]
+ 9/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abdeluahid Berrak Jamal Zougam Otman El Gnaut Said Berrak
[5] Galeb Kalaje Amer Azizi Imad Eddin Barakat Mohamed Chaoui
[9] Mohamed El Egipcio
[[40]]
+ 5/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Mohamed El Egipcio Jamal Zougam Said Berrak Mohamed Chaoui
[5] Basel Ghayoun
[[41]]
+ 11/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Abderrahim Zbakh Jamal Zougam Said Berrak
[4] Hamid Ahmidan Jamal Ahmidan S B Abdelmajid Fakhet
[7] Basel Ghayoun Naima Oulad Akcha Suresh Kumar
[10] Vinay Kholy Mohamed Chaoui
[[42]]
+ 11/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Galeb Kalaje Jamal Zougam Amer Azizi
[4] Imad Eddin Barakat Mohamed Chaoui Shakur
[7] Said Bahaji Mohamed Belfatmi Ramzi Binalshibh
[10] Mohamed Atta Abu Musad Alsakaoui
[[43]]
+ 6/64 vertices, named, from fad3da6:
[1] Amer Azizi Jamal Zougam Said Berrak
[4] S B Abdelmajid Fakhet Imad Eddin Barakat Mohamed Chaoui Eigenvector centrality
Eigenvector centrality is a measure of how well connected a vertex is. Vertices with the highest eigenvector centrality are those that are connected to many others, but, especially, to other vertices who themselves are highly connected to others.
Density
The simplest measure of the overall structure of a network is its density. This is equivalent to the proportion of edges that actually do exist in a network out of all those that potentially could exist between every pair of vertices. Density is therefore a measure of how interconnected a network is. In the Madrid network, the density is 0.12, equal to 12% of potential edges being present.The average shortest path between vertices is 2.75, suggesting that the network is not so much interconnected and hence the flow between vertices is not much facilitated.
[1] 2.750992