New Bargaining Power EDA
Olivia Martin
2022-12-22
Description of bargaining measures
Max Sample of Cities (All Non-Imputed Census of Govt Payroll Cities)
Police Elasticities of Various Bargaining Measures
Bargaining Measure VS % Change Police SALARY 2000-2017
Right to Work Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ rtw, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.67083 -0.12052 -0.01659 0.08024 1.70992
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.21568 0.01290 16.723 < 2e-16 ***
## rtwYes -0.04859 0.01738 -2.796 0.00536 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2031 on 550 degrees of freedom
## (701 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.01401, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01222
## F-statistic: 7.817 on 1 and 550 DF, p-value: 0.005355State Public Worker Right to Strike Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ right_to_strike, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.64168 -0.12089 -0.02087 0.07946 1.73907
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.186538 0.009523 19.588 <2e-16 ***
## right_to_strike 0.014459 0.023455 0.616 0.538
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2045 on 550 degrees of freedom
## (701 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.0006905, Adjusted R-squared: -0.001126
## F-statistic: 0.38 on 1 and 550 DF, p-value: 0.5378State Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ state_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.61171 -0.12088 -0.02145 0.07496 1.71078
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.15656 0.01292 12.116 < 2e-16 ***
## state_police_union_agreement 0.05827 0.01743 3.343 0.000885 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2018 on 540 degrees of freedom
## (711 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.02028, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01847
## F-statistic: 11.18 on 1 and 540 DF, p-value: 0.0008847City Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ city_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.38985 -0.13544 -0.04256 0.03744 1.67032
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.14626 0.09259 1.580 0.119
## city_police_union_agreement 0.10903 0.09963 1.094 0.278
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2778 on 64 degrees of freedom
## (1187 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.01837, Adjusted R-squared: 0.003029
## F-statistic: 1.198 on 1 and 64 DF, p-value: 0.2779Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: State Employee Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ union_state, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.62750 -0.12371 -0.02560 0.07673 1.71918
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.17235 0.01507 11.434 <2e-16 ***
## union_state 0.03407 0.01913 1.781 0.0755 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2072 on 497 degrees of freedom
## (754 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.006344, Adjusted R-squared: 0.004345
## F-statistic: 3.173 on 1 and 497 DF, p-value: 0.07547Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: Local Police Union Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ union_localpol, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.67576 -0.12214 -0.02876 0.06850 1.70499
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.11331 0.01805 6.279 7.46e-10 ***
## union_localpol 0.10730 0.02087 5.140 3.95e-07 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2026 on 497 degrees of freedom
## (754 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05048, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04857
## F-statistic: 26.42 on 1 and 497 DF, p-value: 3.951e-07Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: Local Firefighter Union Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ union_localfire, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.66441 -0.12482 -0.02598 0.06970 1.71634
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.11681 0.02223 5.254 2.21e-07 ***
## union_localfire 0.09246 0.02441 3.788 0.00017 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.205 on 497 degrees of freedom
## (754 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.02807, Adjusted R-squared: 0.02611
## F-statistic: 14.35 on 1 and 497 DF, p-value: 0.0001702Bargaining Measure VS % Change Police EMPLOYMENT 2000-2017
Right to Work Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ rtw, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.6551 -0.1663 -0.0460 0.1038 3.2040
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.04605 0.01877 2.453 0.0145 *
## rtwYes 0.03759 0.02530 1.486 0.1378
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2956 on 550 degrees of freedom
## (701 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.003999, Adjusted R-squared: 0.002188
## F-statistic: 2.208 on 1 and 550 DF, p-value: 0.1378State Public Worker Right to Strike Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ right_to_strike,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.6380 -0.1685 -0.0513 0.1104 3.1834
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.0665881 0.0137973 4.826 1.81e-06 ***
## right_to_strike 0.0009936 0.0339816 0.029 0.977
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2962 on 550 degrees of freedom
## (701 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 1.554e-06, Adjusted R-squared: -0.001817
## F-statistic: 0.000855 on 1 and 550 DF, p-value: 0.9767State Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ state_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.5904 -0.1618 -0.0469 0.0934 3.2310
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.12355 0.01867 6.618 8.81e-11 ***
## state_police_union_agreement -0.10458 0.02518 -4.153 3.81e-05 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2916 on 540 degrees of freedom
## (711 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03096, Adjusted R-squared: 0.02916
## F-statistic: 17.25 on 1 and 540 DF, p-value: 3.808e-05City Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ city_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.38485 -0.18099 0.00269 0.09419 0.90283
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.15985 0.08090 1.976 0.0525 .
## city_police_union_agreement -0.08697 0.08705 -0.999 0.3215
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2427 on 64 degrees of freedom
## (1187 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.01535, Adjusted R-squared: -3.022e-05
## F-statistic: 0.998 on 1 and 64 DF, p-value: 0.3215Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: State Employee Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ union_state, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.5956 -0.1571 -0.0494 0.0901 3.2258
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.12831 0.02092 6.133 1.76e-09 ***
## union_state -0.10409 0.02654 -3.921 1e-04 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2876 on 497 degrees of freedom
## (754 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03001, Adjusted R-squared: 0.02806
## F-statistic: 15.38 on 1 and 497 DF, p-value: 0.0001004Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: Local Police Union Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ union_localpol, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.6245 -0.1692 -0.0531 0.1149 3.1969
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.09498 0.02597 3.658 0.000281 ***
## union_localpol -0.04193 0.03003 -1.396 0.163283
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2915 on 497 degrees of freedom
## (754 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.003907, Adjusted R-squared: 0.001903
## F-statistic: 1.949 on 1 and 497 DF, p-value: 0.1633Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: Local Firefighter Union Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ union_localfire,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.6255 -0.1677 -0.0449 0.1112 3.1959
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.11031 0.03159 3.492 0.000523 ***
## union_localfire -0.05625 0.03468 -1.622 0.105481
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2913 on 497 degrees of freedom
## (754 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.005264, Adjusted R-squared: 0.003263
## F-statistic: 2.63 on 1 and 497 DF, p-value: 0.1055Firefighter Elasticities of Various Bargaining Measures
Bargaining Measure VS % Change Fire SALARY 2000-2017
Right to Work Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_salaries ~ rtw, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.69361 -0.14346 -0.02705 0.09356 1.69037
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.23003 0.01551 14.828 < 2e-16 ***
## rtwYes -0.06957 0.02092 -3.326 0.000941 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2438 on 547 degrees of freedom
## (704 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.01982, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01803
## F-statistic: 11.06 on 1 and 547 DF, p-value: 0.0009406State Public Worker Right to Strike Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_salaries ~ right_to_strike, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.65540 -0.14606 -0.03144 0.09686 1.72858
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.1918169 0.0114821 16.706 <2e-16 ***
## right_to_strike -0.0003651 0.0285176 -0.013 0.99
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2463 on 547 degrees of freedom
## (704 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 2.996e-07, Adjusted R-squared: -0.001828
## F-statistic: 0.0001639 on 1 and 547 DF, p-value: 0.9898State Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_salaries ~ state_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.6351 -0.1425 -0.0317 0.1023 1.6980
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.15940 0.01575 10.118 < 2e-16 ***
## state_police_union_agreement 0.06304 0.02126 2.965 0.00316 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2456 on 537 degrees of freedom
## (714 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.01611, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01428
## F-statistic: 8.793 on 1 and 537 DF, p-value: 0.003158City Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_salaries ~ city_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.63109 -0.09926 -0.03376 0.09621 0.50494
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.09542 0.06716 1.421 0.1602
## city_police_union_agreement 0.12300 0.07227 1.702 0.0936 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2015 on 64 degrees of freedom
## (1187 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.0433, Adjusted R-squared: 0.02835
## F-statistic: 2.897 on 1 and 64 DF, p-value: 0.09362Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: State Employee Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_salaries ~ union_state, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.62354 -0.14820 -0.02971 0.10420 1.71328
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.15996 0.01803 8.874 <2e-16 ***
## union_state 0.04716 0.02288 2.062 0.0398 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2472 on 494 degrees of freedom
## (757 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.008531, Adjusted R-squared: 0.006524
## F-statistic: 4.251 on 1 and 494 DF, p-value: 0.03975Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: Local Police Union Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_salaries ~ union_localpol, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.68712 -0.14350 -0.02540 0.09418 1.69686
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.08747 0.02156 4.057 5.79e-05 ***
## union_localpol 0.13607 0.02493 5.458 7.63e-08 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2411 on 494 degrees of freedom
## (757 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05688, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05497
## F-statistic: 29.79 on 1 and 494 DF, p-value: 7.628e-08Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: Local Firefighter Union Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_salaries ~ union_localfire, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.67421 -0.14529 -0.03007 0.09882 1.70977
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.08587 0.02643 3.248 0.00124 **
## union_localfire 0.12476 0.02904 4.296 2.09e-05 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2437 on 494 degrees of freedom
## (757 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03602, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03407
## F-statistic: 18.46 on 1 and 494 DF, p-value: 2.093e-05Bargaining Measure VS % Change Fire EMPLOYMENT 2000-2017
Right to Work Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_employment ~ rtw, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.5665 -0.1093 0.0061 0.1288 0.8908
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.009237 0.018798 0.491 0.623
## rtwYes 0.100077 0.025346 3.948 8.89e-05 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2954 on 547 degrees of freedom
## (704 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.02771, Adjusted R-squared: 0.02593
## F-statistic: 15.59 on 1 and 547 DF, p-value: 8.892e-05State Public Worker Right to Strike Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_employment ~ right_to_strike, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.6201 -0.1223 -0.0006 0.1500 0.9086
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.062801 0.013969 4.496 8.47e-06 ***
## right_to_strike 0.009176 0.034694 0.264 0.792
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2996 on 547 degrees of freedom
## (704 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.0001279, Adjusted R-squared: -0.0017
## F-statistic: 0.06995 on 1 and 547 DF, p-value: 0.7915State Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_employment ~ state_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.5655 -0.1209 0.0025 0.1269 0.9632
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.13477 0.01888 7.139 3.07e-12 ***
## state_police_union_agreement -0.12656 0.02547 -4.968 9.10e-07 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2943 on 537 degrees of freedom
## (714 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04394, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04216
## F-statistic: 24.68 on 1 and 537 DF, p-value: 9.099e-07City Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_employment ~ city_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.77930 -0.08898 0.01778 0.14926 0.42557
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.20747 0.07609 2.727 0.00825 **
## city_police_union_agreement -0.14750 0.08188 -1.801 0.07635 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2283 on 64 degrees of freedom
## (1187 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04826, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03339
## F-statistic: 3.245 on 1 and 64 DF, p-value: 0.07635Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: State Employee Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_employment ~ union_state, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.5726 -0.1243 0.0006 0.1309 0.9561
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.14683 0.02101 6.988 9.09e-12 ***
## union_state -0.13148 0.02666 -4.931 1.12e-06 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2881 on 494 degrees of freedom
## (757 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04691, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04498
## F-statistic: 24.31 on 1 and 494 DF, p-value: 1.121e-06Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: Local Police Union Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_employment ~ union_localpol, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.6006 -0.1203 0.0005 0.1402 0.9281
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.12990 0.02618 4.962 9.62e-07 ***
## union_localpol -0.08652 0.03027 -2.858 0.00444 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2927 on 494 degrees of freedom
## (757 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.01627, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01428
## F-statistic: 8.17 on 1 and 494 DF, p-value: 0.004439Valetta/Freeman/Rueben: Local Firefighter Union Collective Bargaining (State-Level)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_ff_employment ~ union_localfire, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.6058 -0.1165 -0.0010 0.1345 0.9229
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.14578 0.03176 4.590 5.63e-06 ***
## union_localfire -0.09726 0.03489 -2.788 0.00551 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2928 on 494 degrees of freedom
## (757 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.01549, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01349
## F-statistic: 7.771 on 1 and 494 DF, p-value: 0.005514Original Sample of Cities
Elasticities of Various Bargaining Measures
Bargaining Measure VS % Change Police SALARY 2000-2017
State Public Worker Right to Strike Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ right_to_strike, data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.40153 -0.11440 -0.02731 0.04574 1.69503
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.23057 0.02960 7.789 9.35e-12 ***
## right_to_strike -0.03084 0.06297 -0.490 0.625
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2547 on 93 degrees of freedom
## (34 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.002572, Adjusted R-squared: -0.008153
## F-statistic: 0.2398 on 1 and 93 DF, p-value: 0.6255State Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ state_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.39389 -0.11525 -0.02355 0.06016 1.71388
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.25933 0.05187 4.999 2.7e-06 ***
## state_police_union_agreement -0.04761 0.06000 -0.793 0.43
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2541 on 93 degrees of freedom
## (34 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.006723, Adjusted R-squared: -0.003957
## F-statistic: 0.6295 on 1 and 93 DF, p-value: 0.4296City Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_salaries ~ city_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.39659 -0.12873 -0.05347 0.01632 1.66357
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.27446 0.10207 2.689 0.00927 **
## city_police_union_agreement -0.01243 0.10937 -0.114 0.90990
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2887 on 60 degrees of freedom
## (67 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.0002152, Adjusted R-squared: -0.01645
## F-statistic: 0.01292 on 1 and 60 DF, p-value: 0.9099Bargaining Measure VS % Change Police EMPLOYMENT 2000-2017
State Public Worker Right to Strike Law
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ right_to_strike,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.36286 -0.15334 -0.01692 0.10631 0.91162
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.06409 0.02289 2.80 0.00621 **
## right_to_strike -0.05743 0.04868 -1.18 0.24116
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1969 on 93 degrees of freedom
## (34 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.01474, Adjusted R-squared: 0.004148
## F-statistic: 1.392 on 1 and 93 DF, p-value: 0.2412State Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ state_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.35050 -0.12779 -0.00454 0.09239 0.94829
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.12234 0.03959 3.090 0.00264 **
## state_police_union_agreement -0.09492 0.04579 -2.073 0.04096 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1939 on 93 degrees of freedom
## (34 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04416, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03388
## F-statistic: 4.296 on 1 and 93 DF, p-value: 0.04096City Police Union Collective Bargaining Agreement
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = pct_change_police_employment ~ city_police_union_agreement,
## data = model_pct_change)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.3609 -0.1703 -0.0108 0.1075 0.9136
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.060489 0.077099 0.785 0.436
## city_police_union_agreement 0.001654 0.082613 0.020 0.984
##
## Residual standard error: 0.2181 on 60 degrees of freedom
## (67 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 6.682e-06, Adjusted R-squared: -0.01666
## F-statistic: 0.0004009 on 1 and 60 DF, p-value: 0.9841Max Sample of Cities (All Non-Imputed Census of Govt Payroll Cities)
Police share of Budget over Time
