14.7

library(wooldridge)
library(rmarkdown)
data(murder)
paged_table(murder)
summary(lm(mrdrte ~ exec + unem + d90 + d93 , data = murder ))
## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = mrdrte ~ exec + unem + d90 + d93, data = murder)
## 
## Residuals:
##    Min     1Q Median     3Q    Max 
## -9.130 -3.119 -1.211  1.379 67.810 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)   
## (Intercept)  -1.8644     3.0695  -0.607  0.54452   
## exec          0.1628     0.1939   0.839  0.40268   
## unem          1.3908     0.4509   3.085  0.00243 **
## d90           2.6753     1.8169   1.472  0.14302   
## d93           1.6073     1.7748   0.906  0.36659   
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 8.955 on 148 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.07609,    Adjusted R-squared:  0.05112 
## F-statistic: 3.047 on 4 and 148 DF,  p-value: 0.01897

14.10

library(wooldridge)
library(plm)

library yardımı ile plm komutunu indiriyoruz .

data("airfare")
library(rmarkdown)
paged_table (airfare)

wooldridge airfare veri setini kullanıyoruz . pagedtable ile airfare ait tabloyu indirmiş oluruz

aysee <-pdata.frame(airfare ,index = c("id" , "year"))

Bu komut sayesinde kullanıcı numarası ve zaman indexlerini verisetine tanıtabildik . Artık bu verisetini kullanarak plm komutunu kullanabiliriz . plm paketinin içinde bulunan pdim komutu sayesinde verisetinin balansını kontrol edebilir , kaç kişi için toplam kaç yıl veri toplandığını görebiliriz . n burada 1149 kişiden , T ; 4 yıl boyunca toplam 4596 tane gözlem toplanıldığını gösterir .

pdim (aysee)
## Balanced Panel: n = 1149, T = 4, N = 4596
pvar(aysee)
## no time variation:       id dist ldist ldistsq 
## no individual variation: year y98 y99 y00

plm paketinin içindeki pvar komutu zamanla değişmeyen ve bireye göre değişmeyen değişkenleri göstermektedir.

gungor <- plm(lpassen ~ fare + dist + passen +bmktshr + I (ldist^2) + year , data = aysee  ,model ="pooling")
gungor1 <- plm(lpassen ~ fare + dist + passen +bmktshr + I (ldist^2) + year , data = aysee ,model ="random")
gungor2 <- plm(lpassen ~ fare + dist + passen +bmktshr + I (ldist^2) + year , data = aysee ,model ="within")
library(stargazer)
## 
## Please cite as:
##  Hlavac, Marek (2022). stargazer: Well-Formatted Regression and Summary Statistics Tables.
##  R package version 5.2.3. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=stargazer
stargazer(gungor, gungor1, gungor2, type = "text", column.labels = c("OLS","RE","FE"))
## 
## ===============================================================================
##                                     Dependent variable:                        
##              ------------------------------------------------------------------
##                                           lpassen                              
##                          OLS                  RE                 FE            
##                          (1)                 (2)                 (3)           
## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## fare                  -0.001***           -0.003***           -0.004***        
##                       (0.0001)             (0.0001)           (0.0001)         
##                                                                                
## dist                  0.0001**            0.0003***                            
##                       (0.00004)            (0.0001)                            
##                                                                                
## passen                0.001***             0.001***           0.001***         
##                       (0.00001)           (0.00001)           (0.00002)        
##                                                                                
## bmktshr               0.223***             0.200***           0.161***         
##                        (0.047)             (0.038)             (0.040)         
##                                                                                
## I(ldist2)               0.001               -0.004                             
##                        (0.003)             (0.006)                             
##                                                                                
## year1998                0.004               0.010              0.015**         
##                        (0.021)             (0.006)             (0.006)         
##                                                                                
## year1999                0.018              0.034***           0.051***         
##                        (0.021)             (0.006)             (0.006)         
##                                                                                
## year2000               0.041*              0.079***           0.110***         
##                        (0.021)             (0.007)             (0.007)         
##                                                                                
## Constant              5.370***             5.858***                            
##                        (0.110)             (0.196)                             
##                                                                                
## -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## Observations            4,596               4,596               4,596          
## R2                      0.677               0.515               0.450          
## Adjusted R2             0.676               0.514               0.266          
## F Statistic  1,199.361*** (df = 8; 4587) 4,875.385*** 469.900*** (df = 6; 3441)
## ===============================================================================
## Note:                                               *p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01
phtest( gungor2, gungor1)
## 
##  Hausman Test
## 
## data:  lpassen ~ fare + dist + passen + bmktshr + I(ldist^2) + year
## chisq = 253.23, df = 6, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: one model is inconsistent