### Setup
getwd()
## [1] "C:/Users/Jerome/Documents/0000_Work_Files/0000_Montgomery_College/Data_Science_101/Data_101_Fall_2022/221107_Quiz_3"
library(tidyverse)
## ── Attaching packages ─────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse 1.3.2 ──
## ✔ ggplot2 3.3.6 ✔ purrr 0.3.5
## ✔ tibble 3.1.8 ✔ dplyr 1.0.10
## ✔ tidyr 1.2.1 ✔ stringr 1.4.1
## ✔ readr 2.1.3 ✔ forcats 0.5.2
## ── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
library(dplyr)
library(readr)
### Read the Dataset
heroes <- read_csv("heroes_information.csv")
## New names:
## Rows: 734 Columns: 11
## ── Column specification
## ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Delimiter: "," chr
## (8): name, Gender, Eye color, Race, Hair color, Publisher, Skin color, A... dbl
## (3): ...1, Height, Weight
## ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data. ℹ
## Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
## • `` -> `...1`
### Question 1 - Examine the data
dim(heroes)
## [1] 734 11
str(heroes)
## spec_tbl_df [734 × 11] (S3: spec_tbl_df/tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
## $ ...1 : num [1:734] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ...
## $ name : chr [1:734] "A-Bomb" "Abe Sapien" "Abin Sur" "Abomination" ...
## $ Gender : chr [1:734] "Male" "Male" "Male" "Male" ...
## $ Eye color : chr [1:734] "yellow" "blue" "blue" "green" ...
## $ Race : chr [1:734] "Human" "Icthyo Sapien" "Ungaran" "Human / Radiation" ...
## $ Hair color: chr [1:734] "No Hair" "No Hair" "No Hair" "No Hair" ...
## $ Height : num [1:734] 203 191 185 203 -99 193 -99 185 173 178 ...
## $ Publisher : chr [1:734] "Marvel Comics" "Dark Horse Comics" "DC Comics" "Marvel Comics" ...
## $ Skin color: chr [1:734] "-" "blue" "red" "-" ...
## $ Alignment : chr [1:734] "good" "good" "good" "bad" ...
## $ Weight : num [1:734] 441 65 90 441 -99 122 -99 88 61 81 ...
## - attr(*, "spec")=
## .. cols(
## .. ...1 = col_double(),
## .. name = col_character(),
## .. Gender = col_character(),
## .. `Eye color` = col_character(),
## .. Race = col_character(),
## .. `Hair color` = col_character(),
## .. Height = col_double(),
## .. Publisher = col_character(),
## .. `Skin color` = col_character(),
## .. Alignment = col_character(),
## .. Weight = col_double()
## .. )
## - attr(*, "problems")=<externalptr>
glimpse(heroes)
## Rows: 734
## Columns: 11
## $ ...1 <dbl> 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16,…
## $ name <chr> "A-Bomb", "Abe Sapien", "Abin Sur", "Abomination", "Abrax…
## $ Gender <chr> "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "Male", "…
## $ `Eye color` <chr> "yellow", "blue", "blue", "green", "blue", "blue", "blue"…
## $ Race <chr> "Human", "Icthyo Sapien", "Ungaran", "Human / Radiation",…
## $ `Hair color` <chr> "No Hair", "No Hair", "No Hair", "No Hair", "Black", "No …
## $ Height <dbl> 203, 191, 185, 203, -99, 193, -99, 185, 173, 178, 191, 18…
## $ Publisher <chr> "Marvel Comics", "Dark Horse Comics", "DC Comics", "Marve…
## $ `Skin color` <chr> "-", "blue", "red", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-…
## $ Alignment <chr> "good", "good", "good", "bad", "bad", "bad", "good", "goo…
## $ Weight <dbl> 441, 65, 90, 441, -99, 122, -99, 88, 61, 81, 104, 108, 90…
colSums(is.na(heroes))
## ...1 name Gender Eye color Race Hair color Height
## 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
## Publisher Skin color Alignment Weight
## 15 0 0 2
names(heroes)
## [1] "...1" "name" "Gender" "Eye color" "Race"
## [6] "Hair color" "Height" "Publisher" "Skin color" "Alignment"
## [11] "Weight"
### There are no factor variables - gender, for example, or Publisher, might be good factor variables. There aren't many NAs, but there are many blanks in the data set. The blanks could be a headache.
### Question 2
table(heroes$Race)
##
## - Alien Alpha Amazon
## 304 7 5 2
## Android Animal Asgardian Atlantean
## 9 4 5 5
## Bizarro Bolovaxian Clone Cosmic Entity
## 1 1 1 4
## Cyborg Czarnian Dathomirian Zabrak Demi-God
## 11 1 1 2
## Demon Eternal Flora Colossus Frost Giant
## 6 2 1 2
## God / Eternal Gorilla Gungan Human
## 14 1 1 208
## Human-Kree Human-Spartoi Human-Vulcan Human-Vuldarian
## 2 1 1 1
## Human / Altered Human / Clone Human / Cosmic Human / Radiation
## 3 1 2 11
## Icthyo Sapien Inhuman Kaiju Kakarantharaian
## 1 4 1 1
## Korugaran Kryptonian Luphomoid Maiar
## 1 7 1 1
## Martian Metahuman Mutant Mutant / Clone
## 1 2 63 1
## New God Neyaphem Parademon Planet
## 3 1 1 1
## Rodian Saiyan Spartoi Strontian
## 1 2 1 1
## Symbiote Talokite Tamaranean Ungaran
## 9 1 1 1
## Vampire Xenomorph XX121 Yautja Yoda's species
## 2 1 1 1
## Zen-Whoberian Zombie
## 1 1
### There are 208 Human superheroes in the data set, w/ another 22 variants of human. The 2nd highest category is mutant. The largest group is blank, but we are not to count the blanks.
as.factor(heroes$Race)
## [1] Human Icthyo Sapien Ungaran
## [4] Human / Radiation Cosmic Entity Human
## [7] - Human -
## [10] Human - -
## [13] Cyborg - Human
## [16] - Human Xenomorph XX121
## [19] - Android Human
## [22] - - Vampire
## [25] Mutant - -
## [28] Human - Human
## [31] Human God / Eternal -
## [34] Symbiote Mutant -
## [37] Atlantean Atlantean Human
## [40] Mutant - Alien
## [43] - - -
## [46] Human - Mutant
## [49] God / Eternal - -
## [52] - Human -
## [55] - Mutant Neyaphem
## [58] Human - Human
## [61] Human - -
## [64] Human - Human
## [67] - - Human
## [70] Human Human -
## [73] Human - Mutant
## [76] Human - -
## [79] - God / Eternal New God
## [82] - - Alpha
## [85] - - Cyborg
## [88] - Human Human
## [91] God / Eternal Mutant Bizarro
## [94] - - Inhuman
## [97] Human Metahuman Human
## [100] God / Eternal - Human
## [103] - - Human
## [106] Human Human -
## [109] Demon - Alien
## [112] Vampire - -
## [115] Mutant - -
## [118] - - Human
## [121] Mutant - -
## [124] - - Human
## [127] Human / Clone - -
## [130] Mutant - Human
## [133] - - -
## [136] Android - Human
## [139] Mutant Human Human
## [142] Human - Human
## [145] Mutant - Alpha
## [148] - Human Human / Radiation
## [151] Human Human -
## [154] Human - Human-Kree
## [157] Human Human Human
## [160] God / Eternal God / Eternal Symbiote
## [163] - - Human
## [166] - Alien Mutant
## [169] Mutant - -
## [172] Human Human Human
## [175] - - Human
## [178] - - -
## [181] Human - -
## [184] - Mutant Mutant
## [187] - Human -
## [190] - Inhuman -
## [193] - Cyborg Cyborg
## [196] Mutant - -
## [199] - - Human
## [202] Human - New God
## [205] - Mutant Dathomirian Zabrak
## [208] Cyborg Human Android
## [211] Mutant Human Mutant
## [214] Human Cyborg Human
## [217] Demon - Human
## [220] - Human / Radiation Human
## [223] - Human Human
## [226] Human Human Mutant
## [229] Amazon Alien -
## [232] - Human / Cosmic Human / Altered
## [235] - Human Human
## [238] Human - -
## [241] - Human -
## [244] - Human Demon
## [247] Mutant Alien Mutant
## [250] - Human -
## [253] Kryptonian - -
## [256] Kakarantharaian - -
## [259] Mutant - Human
## [262] - Human -
## [265] Human Human Human
## [268] - Mutant -
## [271] - - Cosmic Entity
## [274] Mutant Zen-Whoberian Mutant
## [277] Alpha Kryptonian -
## [280] Demon - Human
## [283] - - Strontian
## [286] - Kaiju -
## [289] Saiyan - Human
## [292] Human - Gorilla
## [295] - Human Rodian
## [298] Human Human -
## [301] - - Flora Colossus
## [304] Human Human-Vuldarian Human
## [307] Human Human Human
## [310] Human Mutant -
## [313] Human Human -
## [316] - - -
## [319] - Human Asgardian
## [322] Demon Human -
## [325] Demi-God - Human
## [328] - - -
## [331] - Human / Radiation Human / Radiation
## [334] - Mutant Symbiote
## [337] - Eternal Mutant
## [340] Human Human Alien
## [343] Mutant Human / Radiation Human
## [346] Human - -
## [349] - Human Human
## [352] Human Human Gungan
## [355] Human Mutant Human
## [358] - Human Human
## [361] Human - -
## [364] - - -
## [367] Human Human -
## [370] Human - Mutant
## [373] Human Human Mutant
## [376] Human Human Android
## [379] - Human Human
## [382] Human Human Human
## [385] Human - Metahuman
## [388] Human Bolovaxian Animal
## [391] Animal Human Human
## [394] - Human Human
## [397] Kryptonian Human Human
## [400] - Cyborg -
## [403] - Mutant Mutant
## [406] Human - -
## [409] - - Cosmic Entity
## [412] - Human Czarnian
## [415] Asgardian Human Human
## [418] - Human Human
## [421] - - -
## [424] Mutant - -
## [427] God / Eternal Human -
## [430] - Human Human-Kree
## [433] Martian - -
## [436] Human / Altered - -
## [439] - - -
## [442] Inhuman - -
## [445] Atlantean Android -
## [448] - - -
## [451] Mutant - -
## [454] - - -
## [457] Human / Radiation Human Spartoi
## [460] God / Eternal Human / Altered Human
## [463] Human Cyborg Planet
## [466] - - -
## [469] - - Human
## [472] - - -
## [475] - Mutant Human
## [478] - - Human
## [481] Mutant - Atlantean
## [484] - - Human
## [487] - Luphomoid Mutant
## [490] Human - Human
## [493] - Alpha -
## [496] - Human Human / Cosmic
## [499] God / Eternal - -
## [502] - Human Cosmic Entity
## [505] Mutant Human -
## [508] - Human Parademon
## [511] Human - -
## [514] - Human -
## [517] - - Mutant
## [520] Mutant - Human
## [523] - Human Mutant
## [526] Kryptonian Mutant Yautja
## [529] Mutant Human -
## [532] Mutant Human Human
## [535] - God / Eternal -
## [538] Human Mutant -
## [541] Human Alpha Human
## [544] Mutant Human Human
## [547] - Human Human
## [550] Human / Radiation - Human
## [553] - Android -
## [556] - - Human
## [559] Human / Radiation - -
## [562] Human - Human
## [565] Human Human Human
## [568] Human Animal -
## [571] Human Human Mutant
## [574] - Human -
## [577] Maiar - Human
## [580] Human Clone Mutant
## [583] - Human Mutant
## [586] Mutant - Talokite
## [589] Mutant Human -
## [592] Human Human / Radiation Human
## [595] - - Asgardian
## [598] Human - -
## [601] Alien - Human
## [604] Korugaran Atlantean -
## [607] - - Animal
## [610] - - Zombie
## [613] - Human Demon
## [616] God / Eternal - Human
## [619] Human Symbiote Human
## [622] Human Human Human
## [625] Human Human -
## [628] - - Human-Vulcan
## [631] Mutant - Human-Spartoi
## [634] - Tamaranean Human
## [637] Mutant - -
## [640] New God Mutant Human
## [643] Mutant - Kryptonian
## [646] Kryptonian Kryptonian God / Eternal
## [649] Mutant - -
## [652] Android Cyborg Cyborg
## [655] Cyborg Human -
## [658] Eternal - Human
## [661] Human / Radiation Asgardian Asgardian
## [664] - - -
## [667] - - Human
## [670] - - -
## [673] Mutant Symbiote Symbiote
## [676] - Human God / Eternal
## [679] - Inhuman -
## [682] - Android Frost Giant
## [685] - - -
## [688] - Saiyan Symbiote
## [691] - Symbiote Symbiote
## [694] - Human Human
## [697] - - Human
## [700] Android - Human
## [703] - Human Human
## [706] Human - -
## [709] - Mutant Human
## [712] - - Human
## [715] - - Human
## [718] - - Mutant
## [721] Demi-God - Amazon
## [724] - - Mutant / Clone
## [727] - - Human
## [730] Human Frost Giant Yoda's species
## [733] Human -
## 62 Levels: - Alien Alpha Amazon Android Animal Asgardian Atlantean ... Zombie
class(heroes$Race)
## [1] "character"
heroes %>% group_by(Race)%>% summarise(Num_Races = n()) %>% arrange(desc(Num_Races))
## # A tibble: 62 × 2
## Race Num_Races
## <chr> <int>
## 1 - 304
## 2 Human 208
## 3 Mutant 63
## 4 God / Eternal 14
## 5 Cyborg 11
## 6 Human / Radiation 11
## 7 Android 9
## 8 Symbiote 9
## 9 Alien 7
## 10 Kryptonian 7
## # … with 52 more rows
### Question 3
table(heroes$Gender)
##
## - Female Male
## 29 200 505
### There are 200 female superheroes. Not counting gender blank, female superheroes are 28.37% of the total.
200/705
## [1] 0.2836879
### Question #4
table(heroes$Gender, heroes$Alignment)
##
## - bad good neutral
## - 1 7 19 2
## Female 0 35 161 4
## Male 6 165 316 18
161/200
## [1] 0.805
316/499
## [1] 0.6332665
### The table tells us that 80% of the female superheroes are good, as compared to only 63% of the males. (Ignoring the no data column.)
### Question 5
no_hw <- filter(heroes, Height > 0 & Weight > 0)
### Question 6
mean(no_hw$Height)
## [1] 187.1239
median(no_hw$Height)
## [1] 183
sd(no_hw$Height)
## [1] 58.99002
mean(no_hw$Weight)
## [1] 112.1796
median(no_hw$Weight)
## [1] 81
sd(no_hw$Weight)
## [1] 104.4227
hist(no_hw$Weight)
### The distribution is not normally distributed; it is skewed to the right; the mean is higher than the median and the mode. Most superheroes weigh 200# or less.
### Question 8
plot(no_hw$Height, no_hw$Weight)
cor(no_hw$Height, no_hw$Weight) #I did the correlation after class. I couldn't get it to work in class. Or if I did, i didn't see it in the R Console. So i got the interpretation wrong b/c there is no correlation.
## [1] 0.1934412
### The plot tells us most of the superheroes are the same height and weight.
### Question 9
boxplot(no_hw$Weight ~ no_hw$Alignment)
fivenum(no_hw$Weight)
## [1] 4 61 81 106 900
fivenum(no_hw$Height)
## [1] 15.2 173.0 183.0 188.0 975.0
### Question 10
### The boxplot tells us nothing. Good and bad seem to be the same; maybe neutral is a little different; a higher IQR maybe.