Práctica 3.2. Graficación con ggplot

8.1 Introducción a ggplot2

8.1.1 Nubes de puntos

#install.poackages("ggplot2")
library(ggplot2)
# Nube de puntos
qplot(Sepal.Length, Sepal.Width, data = iris,
colour = Species, size = Petal.Width)

8.1.2 Gráficas de líneas

qplot(Petal.Length, Sepal.Length, data=iris, color=Species) + geom_line()

8.1.3 Añadir curva de regresión

qplot(Petal.Length, Petal.Width, data = iris, color = Species) + geom_point() + geom_smooth()

# install.packages("RWeka")
library(RWeka)
covertype <- read.arff('covertype.arff')
qplot(elevation, slope, data = covertype[sample(1:nrow(covertype), 500),], geom = c("point", "smooth"), color = wilderness_area) + theme_bw()

8.1.4 Curva de densidad

qplot(elevation, data = covertype, geom = "density", fill = wilderness_area)

8.1.5 Composición de múltiples gráficas

# install.packages("XLConnect")
library('XLConnect')
ebay <- readWorksheetFromFile('eBayAuctions.xls',sheet=1)
qplot(ClosePrice, sellerRating, data = ebay[ebay$endDay %in% c('Wed','Thu','Fri') & ebay$currency != 'US',], facets = currency ~ endDay, color=Duration)

qplot(currency, ClosePrice, data=ebay[ebay$endDay != 'Wed',], fill = currency) + geom_bar(stat = 'identity') + facet_wrap(~endDay)

8.2 Otras posibilidades gráficas

8.2.1 Dibujo de funciones y polinomios

curve(sin, from = -4, to = 4, col = 'blue', lty = 'dotted', lwd = 2, ylab = 'sin(x) vs cos(x)')
curve(cos, from = -4, to = 4, col = 'cyan', lty = 'dashed', lwd = 2, add = T)
legend("topleft", c("sin(x)", "cos(x)"), col = c('blue', 'cyan'), lty = c('dotted','dashed'), lwd = 2, ncol = 2)

curve(x^3-x+1, lty = 2, from = -10, to = 10)

8.2.2 Circlize

# install.packages("circlize")
library(circlize)
mat = matrix(sample(1:100, 18, replace = TRUE), 3,
6)
rownames(mat) = letters[1:3]
colnames(mat) = LETTERS[1:6]
rn = rownames(mat)
cn = colnames(mat)
par(mar = c(1, 1, 1, 1))
circos.par(gap.degree = c(rep(2, nrow(mat) - 1),
10, rep(2, ncol(mat) - 1), 10))
chordDiagram(mat, annotationTrack = "grid", transparency = 0.5,
preAllocateTracks = list(track.height = 0.1))
for (si in get.all.sector.index()) {
circos.axis(h = "top", labels.cex = 0.3, sector.index = si,
track.index = 2)
}
circos.trackPlotRegion(track.index = 1, panel.fun = function(x,
y) {
xlim = get.cell.meta.data("xlim")
ylim = get.cell.meta.data("ylim")
sector.name = get.cell.meta.data("sector.index")
circos.lines(xlim, c(mean(ylim), mean(ylim)),
lty = 3)
for (p in seq(0, 1, by = 0.25)) {
circos.text(p * (xlim[2] - xlim[1]) + xlim[1],
mean(ylim), p, cex = 0.4, adj = c(0.5,
-0.2), niceFacing = TRUE)
}
circos.text(mean(xlim), 1.4, sector.name, niceFacing = TRUE)
}, bg.border = NA)

circos.clear()

8.2.3 radarchart

# install.packages("fmsb")
library("fmsb")
set.seed(4242)
maxmin <- data.frame(emotions = c(1, 0), corel = c(1,
0), scene = c(1, 0), yeast = c(1, 0), ebay = c(1,
0))
dat <- data.frame(emotions = runif(3, 0, 1), corel = runif(3,
0, 1), scene = runif(3, 0, 1), yeast = runif(3,
0, 1), ebay = runif(3, 0, 1))
dat <- rbind(maxmin, dat)
radarchart(dat, axistype = 2, plty = 1:3, plwd = 2,
vlabels = names(dat))

8.2.4 Gráficas 3D

# install.packages("scatterplot3d")
library('scatterplot3d')
z <- seq(-10, 10, 0.01)
x <- cos(z)
y <- sin(z)
scatterplot3d(x, y, z, highlight.3d = TRUE, col.axis = "blue",
col.grid = "lightblue", main = "Helix", pch = 20)

install.packages("lattice")
library("lattice")
z <- matrix(rnorm(625) + 574, nrow = 25)
z <- z + seq(50, 1, length = 25)
persp(z, phi = 30, theta = 30, zlim = c(550, 650),
xlab = "X", ylab = "Y", zlab = "Z", main = "Elevación del terreno")

8.3 Gráficos de tortuga

# install.packages("TurtleGraphics")
library('TurtleGraphics')
drawTriangle<- function(points){
  turtle_setpos(points[1,1],points[1,2])
  turtle_goto(points[2,1],points[2,2])
  turtle_goto(points[3,1],points[3,2])
  turtle_goto(points[1,1],points[1,2])
  }
getMid<- function(p1,p2) c((p1[1]+p2[1])/2, c(p1[2]+p2[2])/2)
sierpinski <- function(points, degree){
  drawTriangle(points)
  if (degree > 0){
    p1 <- matrix(c(points[1,], getMid(points[1,], points[2,]), getMid(points[1,], points[3,])), nrow=3, byrow=TRUE)
sierpinski(p1, degree-1)
p2 <- matrix(c(points[2,], getMid(points[1,], points[2,]), getMid(points[2,], points[3,])), nrow=3, byrow=TRUE)
sierpinski(p2, degree-1)
p3 <- matrix(c(points[3,], getMid(points[3,], points[2,]), getMid(points[1,], points[3,])), nrow=3, byrow=TRUE)
sierpinski(p3, degree-1)
  }
  invisible(NULL)
}
turtle_init(520, 500, "clip")

p <- matrix(c(10, 10, 510, 10, 250, 448), nrow=3, byrow=TRUE)
turtle_col("red")
turtle_do(sierpinski(p, 6))

turtle_setpos(250, 448)

turtle_init()

turtle_do({
for(j in 1:45) {
for(i in 1:6) {
turtle_forward(20)
turtle_right(360/6)
}
turtle_right(360/45)
}
})