library(reshape2)
library(reshape)
## 
## 다음의 패키지를 부착합니다: 'reshape'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:reshape2':
## 
##     colsplit, melt, recast
data("airquality")
names(airquality)
## [1] "Ozone"   "Solar.R" "Wind"    "Temp"    "Month"   "Day"
library(dplyr)
## 
## 다음의 패키지를 부착합니다: 'dplyr'
## The following object is masked from 'package:reshape':
## 
##     rename
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
glimpse(airquality)
## Rows: 153
## Columns: 6
## $ Ozone   <int> 41, 36, 12, 18, NA, 28, 23, 19, 8, NA, 7, 16, 11, 14, 18, 14, …
## $ Solar.R <int> 190, 118, 149, 313, NA, NA, 299, 99, 19, 194, NA, 256, 290, 27…
## $ Wind    <dbl> 7.4, 8.0, 12.6, 11.5, 14.3, 14.9, 8.6, 13.8, 20.1, 8.6, 6.9, 9…
## $ Temp    <int> 67, 72, 74, 62, 56, 66, 65, 59, 61, 69, 74, 69, 66, 68, 58, 64…
## $ Month   <int> 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,…
## $ Day     <int> 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,…
head(airquality);tail(airquality)
##   Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
## 1    41     190  7.4   67     5   1
## 2    36     118  8.0   72     5   2
## 3    12     149 12.6   74     5   3
## 4    18     313 11.5   62     5   4
## 5    NA      NA 14.3   56     5   5
## 6    28      NA 14.9   66     5   6
##     Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
## 148    14      20 16.6   63     9  25
## 149    30     193  6.9   70     9  26
## 150    NA     145 13.2   77     9  27
## 151    14     191 14.3   75     9  28
## 152    18     131  8.0   76     9  29
## 153    20     223 11.5   68     9  30
names(airquality)<-tolower(names(airquality))
names(airquality)
## [1] "ozone"   "solar.r" "wind"    "temp"    "month"   "day"
aqm<-melt(airquality,id=c("month","day"),na.rm=TRUE)
aqm
##     month day variable value
## 1       5   1    ozone  41.0
## 2       5   2    ozone  36.0
## 3       5   3    ozone  12.0
## 4       5   4    ozone  18.0
## 5       5   6    ozone  28.0
## 6       5   7    ozone  23.0
## 7       5   8    ozone  19.0
## 8       5   9    ozone   8.0
## 9       5  11    ozone   7.0
## 10      5  12    ozone  16.0
## 11      5  13    ozone  11.0
## 12      5  14    ozone  14.0
## 13      5  15    ozone  18.0
## 14      5  16    ozone  14.0
## 15      5  17    ozone  34.0
## 16      5  18    ozone   6.0
## 17      5  19    ozone  30.0
## 18      5  20    ozone  11.0
## 19      5  21    ozone   1.0
## 20      5  22    ozone  11.0
## 21      5  23    ozone   4.0
## 22      5  24    ozone  32.0
## 23      5  28    ozone  23.0
## 24      5  29    ozone  45.0
## 25      5  30    ozone 115.0
## 26      5  31    ozone  37.0
## 27      6   7    ozone  29.0
## 28      6   9    ozone  71.0
## 29      6  10    ozone  39.0
## 30      6  13    ozone  23.0
## 31      6  16    ozone  21.0
## 32      6  17    ozone  37.0
## 33      6  18    ozone  20.0
## 34      6  19    ozone  12.0
## 35      6  20    ozone  13.0
## 36      7   1    ozone 135.0
## 37      7   2    ozone  49.0
## 38      7   3    ozone  32.0
## 39      7   5    ozone  64.0
## 40      7   6    ozone  40.0
## 41      7   7    ozone  77.0
## 42      7   8    ozone  97.0
## 43      7   9    ozone  97.0
## 44      7  10    ozone  85.0
## 45      7  12    ozone  10.0
## 46      7  13    ozone  27.0
## 47      7  15    ozone   7.0
## 48      7  16    ozone  48.0
## 49      7  17    ozone  35.0
## 50      7  18    ozone  61.0
## 51      7  19    ozone  79.0
## 52      7  20    ozone  63.0
## 53      7  21    ozone  16.0
## 54      7  24    ozone  80.0
## 55      7  25    ozone 108.0
## 56      7  26    ozone  20.0
## 57      7  27    ozone  52.0
## 58      7  28    ozone  82.0
## 59      7  29    ozone  50.0
## 60      7  30    ozone  64.0
## 61      7  31    ozone  59.0
## 62      8   1    ozone  39.0
## 63      8   2    ozone   9.0
## 64      8   3    ozone  16.0
## 65      8   4    ozone  78.0
## 66      8   5    ozone  35.0
## 67      8   6    ozone  66.0
## 68      8   7    ozone 122.0
## 69      8   8    ozone  89.0
## 70      8   9    ozone 110.0
## 71      8  12    ozone  44.0
## 72      8  13    ozone  28.0
## 73      8  14    ozone  65.0
## 74      8  16    ozone  22.0
## 75      8  17    ozone  59.0
## 76      8  18    ozone  23.0
## 77      8  19    ozone  31.0
## 78      8  20    ozone  44.0
## 79      8  21    ozone  21.0
## 80      8  22    ozone   9.0
## 81      8  24    ozone  45.0
## 82      8  25    ozone 168.0
## 83      8  26    ozone  73.0
## 84      8  28    ozone  76.0
## 85      8  29    ozone 118.0
## 86      8  30    ozone  84.0
## 87      8  31    ozone  85.0
## 88      9   1    ozone  96.0
## 89      9   2    ozone  78.0
## 90      9   3    ozone  73.0
## 91      9   4    ozone  91.0
## 92      9   5    ozone  47.0
## 93      9   6    ozone  32.0
## 94      9   7    ozone  20.0
## 95      9   8    ozone  23.0
## 96      9   9    ozone  21.0
## 97      9  10    ozone  24.0
## 98      9  11    ozone  44.0
## 99      9  12    ozone  21.0
## 100     9  13    ozone  28.0
## 101     9  14    ozone   9.0
## 102     9  15    ozone  13.0
## 103     9  16    ozone  46.0
## 104     9  17    ozone  18.0
## 105     9  18    ozone  13.0
## 106     9  19    ozone  24.0
## 107     9  20    ozone  16.0
## 108     9  21    ozone  13.0
## 109     9  22    ozone  23.0
## 110     9  23    ozone  36.0
## 111     9  24    ozone   7.0
## 112     9  25    ozone  14.0
## 113     9  26    ozone  30.0
## 114     9  28    ozone  14.0
## 115     9  29    ozone  18.0
## 116     9  30    ozone  20.0
## 117     5   1  solar.r 190.0
## 118     5   2  solar.r 118.0
## 119     5   3  solar.r 149.0
## 120     5   4  solar.r 313.0
## 121     5   7  solar.r 299.0
## 122     5   8  solar.r  99.0
## 123     5   9  solar.r  19.0
## 124     5  10  solar.r 194.0
## 125     5  12  solar.r 256.0
## 126     5  13  solar.r 290.0
## 127     5  14  solar.r 274.0
## 128     5  15  solar.r  65.0
## 129     5  16  solar.r 334.0
## 130     5  17  solar.r 307.0
## 131     5  18  solar.r  78.0
## 132     5  19  solar.r 322.0
## 133     5  20  solar.r  44.0
## 134     5  21  solar.r   8.0
## 135     5  22  solar.r 320.0
## 136     5  23  solar.r  25.0
## 137     5  24  solar.r  92.0
## 138     5  25  solar.r  66.0
## 139     5  26  solar.r 266.0
## 140     5  28  solar.r  13.0
## 141     5  29  solar.r 252.0
## 142     5  30  solar.r 223.0
## 143     5  31  solar.r 279.0
## 144     6   1  solar.r 286.0
## 145     6   2  solar.r 287.0
## 146     6   3  solar.r 242.0
## 147     6   4  solar.r 186.0
## 148     6   5  solar.r 220.0
## 149     6   6  solar.r 264.0
## 150     6   7  solar.r 127.0
## 151     6   8  solar.r 273.0
## 152     6   9  solar.r 291.0
## 153     6  10  solar.r 323.0
## 154     6  11  solar.r 259.0
## 155     6  12  solar.r 250.0
## 156     6  13  solar.r 148.0
## 157     6  14  solar.r 332.0
## 158     6  15  solar.r 322.0
## 159     6  16  solar.r 191.0
## 160     6  17  solar.r 284.0
## 161     6  18  solar.r  37.0
## 162     6  19  solar.r 120.0
## 163     6  20  solar.r 137.0
## 164     6  21  solar.r 150.0
## 165     6  22  solar.r  59.0
## 166     6  23  solar.r  91.0
## 167     6  24  solar.r 250.0
## 168     6  25  solar.r 135.0
## 169     6  26  solar.r 127.0
## 170     6  27  solar.r  47.0
## 171     6  28  solar.r  98.0
## 172     6  29  solar.r  31.0
## 173     6  30  solar.r 138.0
## 174     7   1  solar.r 269.0
## 175     7   2  solar.r 248.0
## 176     7   3  solar.r 236.0
## 177     7   4  solar.r 101.0
## 178     7   5  solar.r 175.0
## 179     7   6  solar.r 314.0
## 180     7   7  solar.r 276.0
## 181     7   8  solar.r 267.0
## 182     7   9  solar.r 272.0
## 183     7  10  solar.r 175.0
## 184     7  11  solar.r 139.0
## 185     7  12  solar.r 264.0
## 186     7  13  solar.r 175.0
## 187     7  14  solar.r 291.0
## 188     7  15  solar.r  48.0
## 189     7  16  solar.r 260.0
## 190     7  17  solar.r 274.0
## 191     7  18  solar.r 285.0
## 192     7  19  solar.r 187.0
## 193     7  20  solar.r 220.0
## 194     7  21  solar.r   7.0
## 195     7  22  solar.r 258.0
## 196     7  23  solar.r 295.0
## 197     7  24  solar.r 294.0
## 198     7  25  solar.r 223.0
## 199     7  26  solar.r  81.0
## 200     7  27  solar.r  82.0
## 201     7  28  solar.r 213.0
## 202     7  29  solar.r 275.0
## 203     7  30  solar.r 253.0
## 204     7  31  solar.r 254.0
## 205     8   1  solar.r  83.0
## 206     8   2  solar.r  24.0
## 207     8   3  solar.r  77.0
## 208     8   7  solar.r 255.0
## 209     8   8  solar.r 229.0
## 210     8   9  solar.r 207.0
## 211     8  10  solar.r 222.0
## 212     8  11  solar.r 137.0
## 213     8  12  solar.r 192.0
## 214     8  13  solar.r 273.0
## 215     8  14  solar.r 157.0
## 216     8  15  solar.r  64.0
## 217     8  16  solar.r  71.0
## 218     8  17  solar.r  51.0
## 219     8  18  solar.r 115.0
## 220     8  19  solar.r 244.0
## 221     8  20  solar.r 190.0
## 222     8  21  solar.r 259.0
## 223     8  22  solar.r  36.0
## 224     8  23  solar.r 255.0
## 225     8  24  solar.r 212.0
## 226     8  25  solar.r 238.0
## 227     8  26  solar.r 215.0
## 228     8  27  solar.r 153.0
## 229     8  28  solar.r 203.0
## 230     8  29  solar.r 225.0
## 231     8  30  solar.r 237.0
## 232     8  31  solar.r 188.0
## 233     9   1  solar.r 167.0
## 234     9   2  solar.r 197.0
## 235     9   3  solar.r 183.0
## 236     9   4  solar.r 189.0
## 237     9   5  solar.r  95.0
## 238     9   6  solar.r  92.0
## 239     9   7  solar.r 252.0
## 240     9   8  solar.r 220.0
## 241     9   9  solar.r 230.0
## 242     9  10  solar.r 259.0
## 243     9  11  solar.r 236.0
## 244     9  12  solar.r 259.0
## 245     9  13  solar.r 238.0
## 246     9  14  solar.r  24.0
## 247     9  15  solar.r 112.0
## 248     9  16  solar.r 237.0
## 249     9  17  solar.r 224.0
## 250     9  18  solar.r  27.0
## 251     9  19  solar.r 238.0
## 252     9  20  solar.r 201.0
## 253     9  21  solar.r 238.0
## 254     9  22  solar.r  14.0
## 255     9  23  solar.r 139.0
## 256     9  24  solar.r  49.0
## 257     9  25  solar.r  20.0
## 258     9  26  solar.r 193.0
## 259     9  27  solar.r 145.0
## 260     9  28  solar.r 191.0
## 261     9  29  solar.r 131.0
## 262     9  30  solar.r 223.0
## 263     5   1     wind   7.4
## 264     5   2     wind   8.0
## 265     5   3     wind  12.6
## 266     5   4     wind  11.5
## 267     5   5     wind  14.3
## 268     5   6     wind  14.9
## 269     5   7     wind   8.6
## 270     5   8     wind  13.8
## 271     5   9     wind  20.1
## 272     5  10     wind   8.6
## 273     5  11     wind   6.9
## 274     5  12     wind   9.7
## 275     5  13     wind   9.2
## 276     5  14     wind  10.9
## 277     5  15     wind  13.2
## 278     5  16     wind  11.5
## 279     5  17     wind  12.0
## 280     5  18     wind  18.4
## 281     5  19     wind  11.5
## 282     5  20     wind   9.7
## 283     5  21     wind   9.7
## 284     5  22     wind  16.6
## 285     5  23     wind   9.7
## 286     5  24     wind  12.0
## 287     5  25     wind  16.6
## 288     5  26     wind  14.9
## 289     5  27     wind   8.0
## 290     5  28     wind  12.0
## 291     5  29     wind  14.9
## 292     5  30     wind   5.7
## 293     5  31     wind   7.4
## 294     6   1     wind   8.6
## 295     6   2     wind   9.7
## 296     6   3     wind  16.1
## 297     6   4     wind   9.2
## 298     6   5     wind   8.6
## 299     6   6     wind  14.3
## 300     6   7     wind   9.7
## 301     6   8     wind   6.9
## 302     6   9     wind  13.8
## 303     6  10     wind  11.5
## 304     6  11     wind  10.9
## 305     6  12     wind   9.2
## 306     6  13     wind   8.0
## 307     6  14     wind  13.8
## 308     6  15     wind  11.5
## 309     6  16     wind  14.9
## 310     6  17     wind  20.7
## 311     6  18     wind   9.2
## 312     6  19     wind  11.5
## 313     6  20     wind  10.3
## 314     6  21     wind   6.3
## 315     6  22     wind   1.7
## 316     6  23     wind   4.6
## 317     6  24     wind   6.3
## 318     6  25     wind   8.0
## 319     6  26     wind   8.0
## 320     6  27     wind  10.3
## 321     6  28     wind  11.5
## 322     6  29     wind  14.9
## 323     6  30     wind   8.0
## 324     7   1     wind   4.1
## 325     7   2     wind   9.2
## 326     7   3     wind   9.2
## 327     7   4     wind  10.9
## 328     7   5     wind   4.6
## 329     7   6     wind  10.9
## 330     7   7     wind   5.1
## 331     7   8     wind   6.3
## 332     7   9     wind   5.7
## 333     7  10     wind   7.4
## 334     7  11     wind   8.6
## 335     7  12     wind  14.3
## 336     7  13     wind  14.9
## 337     7  14     wind  14.9
## 338     7  15     wind  14.3
## 339     7  16     wind   6.9
## 340     7  17     wind  10.3
## 341     7  18     wind   6.3
## 342     7  19     wind   5.1
## 343     7  20     wind  11.5
## 344     7  21     wind   6.9
## 345     7  22     wind   9.7
## 346     7  23     wind  11.5
## 347     7  24     wind   8.6
## 348     7  25     wind   8.0
## 349     7  26     wind   8.6
## 350     7  27     wind  12.0
## 351     7  28     wind   7.4
## 352     7  29     wind   7.4
## 353     7  30     wind   7.4
## 354     7  31     wind   9.2
## 355     8   1     wind   6.9
## 356     8   2     wind  13.8
## 357     8   3     wind   7.4
## 358     8   4     wind   6.9
## 359     8   5     wind   7.4
## 360     8   6     wind   4.6
## 361     8   7     wind   4.0
## 362     8   8     wind  10.3
## 363     8   9     wind   8.0
## 364     8  10     wind   8.6
## 365     8  11     wind  11.5
## 366     8  12     wind  11.5
## 367     8  13     wind  11.5
## 368     8  14     wind   9.7
## 369     8  15     wind  11.5
## 370     8  16     wind  10.3
## 371     8  17     wind   6.3
## 372     8  18     wind   7.4
## 373     8  19     wind  10.9
## 374     8  20     wind  10.3
## 375     8  21     wind  15.5
## 376     8  22     wind  14.3
## 377     8  23     wind  12.6
## 378     8  24     wind   9.7
## 379     8  25     wind   3.4
## 380     8  26     wind   8.0
## 381     8  27     wind   5.7
## 382     8  28     wind   9.7
## 383     8  29     wind   2.3
## 384     8  30     wind   6.3
## 385     8  31     wind   6.3
## 386     9   1     wind   6.9
## 387     9   2     wind   5.1
## 388     9   3     wind   2.8
## 389     9   4     wind   4.6
## 390     9   5     wind   7.4
## 391     9   6     wind  15.5
## 392     9   7     wind  10.9
## 393     9   8     wind  10.3
## 394     9   9     wind  10.9
## 395     9  10     wind   9.7
## 396     9  11     wind  14.9
## 397     9  12     wind  15.5
## 398     9  13     wind   6.3
## 399     9  14     wind  10.9
## 400     9  15     wind  11.5
## 401     9  16     wind   6.9
## 402     9  17     wind  13.8
## 403     9  18     wind  10.3
## 404     9  19     wind  10.3
## 405     9  20     wind   8.0
## 406     9  21     wind  12.6
## 407     9  22     wind   9.2
## 408     9  23     wind  10.3
## 409     9  24     wind  10.3
## 410     9  25     wind  16.6
## 411     9  26     wind   6.9
## 412     9  27     wind  13.2
## 413     9  28     wind  14.3
## 414     9  29     wind   8.0
## 415     9  30     wind  11.5
## 416     5   1     temp  67.0
## 417     5   2     temp  72.0
## 418     5   3     temp  74.0
## 419     5   4     temp  62.0
## 420     5   5     temp  56.0
## 421     5   6     temp  66.0
## 422     5   7     temp  65.0
## 423     5   8     temp  59.0
## 424     5   9     temp  61.0
## 425     5  10     temp  69.0
## 426     5  11     temp  74.0
## 427     5  12     temp  69.0
## 428     5  13     temp  66.0
## 429     5  14     temp  68.0
## 430     5  15     temp  58.0
## 431     5  16     temp  64.0
## 432     5  17     temp  66.0
## 433     5  18     temp  57.0
## 434     5  19     temp  68.0
## 435     5  20     temp  62.0
## 436     5  21     temp  59.0
## 437     5  22     temp  73.0
## 438     5  23     temp  61.0
## 439     5  24     temp  61.0
## 440     5  25     temp  57.0
## 441     5  26     temp  58.0
## 442     5  27     temp  57.0
## 443     5  28     temp  67.0
## 444     5  29     temp  81.0
## 445     5  30     temp  79.0
## 446     5  31     temp  76.0
## 447     6   1     temp  78.0
## 448     6   2     temp  74.0
## 449     6   3     temp  67.0
## 450     6   4     temp  84.0
## 451     6   5     temp  85.0
## 452     6   6     temp  79.0
## 453     6   7     temp  82.0
## 454     6   8     temp  87.0
## 455     6   9     temp  90.0
## 456     6  10     temp  87.0
## 457     6  11     temp  93.0
## 458     6  12     temp  92.0
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## 461     6  15     temp  79.0
## 462     6  16     temp  77.0
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## 464     6  18     temp  65.0
## 465     6  19     temp  73.0
## 466     6  20     temp  76.0
## 467     6  21     temp  77.0
## 468     6  22     temp  76.0
## 469     6  23     temp  76.0
## 470     6  24     temp  76.0
## 471     6  25     temp  75.0
## 472     6  26     temp  78.0
## 473     6  27     temp  73.0
## 474     6  28     temp  80.0
## 475     6  29     temp  77.0
## 476     6  30     temp  83.0
## 477     7   1     temp  84.0
## 478     7   2     temp  85.0
## 479     7   3     temp  81.0
## 480     7   4     temp  84.0
## 481     7   5     temp  83.0
## 482     7   6     temp  83.0
## 483     7   7     temp  88.0
## 484     7   8     temp  92.0
## 485     7   9     temp  92.0
## 486     7  10     temp  89.0
## 487     7  11     temp  82.0
## 488     7  12     temp  73.0
## 489     7  13     temp  81.0
## 490     7  14     temp  91.0
## 491     7  15     temp  80.0
## 492     7  16     temp  81.0
## 493     7  17     temp  82.0
## 494     7  18     temp  84.0
## 495     7  19     temp  87.0
## 496     7  20     temp  85.0
## 497     7  21     temp  74.0
## 498     7  22     temp  81.0
## 499     7  23     temp  82.0
## 500     7  24     temp  86.0
## 501     7  25     temp  85.0
## 502     7  26     temp  82.0
## 503     7  27     temp  86.0
## 504     7  28     temp  88.0
## 505     7  29     temp  86.0
## 506     7  30     temp  83.0
## 507     7  31     temp  81.0
## 508     8   1     temp  81.0
## 509     8   2     temp  81.0
## 510     8   3     temp  82.0
## 511     8   4     temp  86.0
## 512     8   5     temp  85.0
## 513     8   6     temp  87.0
## 514     8   7     temp  89.0
## 515     8   8     temp  90.0
## 516     8   9     temp  90.0
## 517     8  10     temp  92.0
## 518     8  11     temp  86.0
## 519     8  12     temp  86.0
## 520     8  13     temp  82.0
## 521     8  14     temp  80.0
## 522     8  15     temp  79.0
## 523     8  16     temp  77.0
## 524     8  17     temp  79.0
## 525     8  18     temp  76.0
## 526     8  19     temp  78.0
## 527     8  20     temp  78.0
## 528     8  21     temp  77.0
## 529     8  22     temp  72.0
## 530     8  23     temp  75.0
## 531     8  24     temp  79.0
## 532     8  25     temp  81.0
## 533     8  26     temp  86.0
## 534     8  27     temp  88.0
## 535     8  28     temp  97.0
## 536     8  29     temp  94.0
## 537     8  30     temp  96.0
## 538     8  31     temp  94.0
## 539     9   1     temp  91.0
## 540     9   2     temp  92.0
## 541     9   3     temp  93.0
## 542     9   4     temp  93.0
## 543     9   5     temp  87.0
## 544     9   6     temp  84.0
## 545     9   7     temp  80.0
## 546     9   8     temp  78.0
## 547     9   9     temp  75.0
## 548     9  10     temp  73.0
## 549     9  11     temp  81.0
## 550     9  12     temp  76.0
## 551     9  13     temp  77.0
## 552     9  14     temp  71.0
## 553     9  15     temp  71.0
## 554     9  16     temp  78.0
## 555     9  17     temp  67.0
## 556     9  18     temp  76.0
## 557     9  19     temp  68.0
## 558     9  20     temp  82.0
## 559     9  21     temp  64.0
## 560     9  22     temp  71.0
## 561     9  23     temp  81.0
## 562     9  24     temp  69.0
## 563     9  25     temp  63.0
## 564     9  26     temp  70.0
## 565     9  27     temp  77.0
## 566     9  28     temp  75.0
## 567     9  29     temp  76.0
## 568     9  30     temp  68.0
head(airquality)
##   ozone solar.r wind temp month day
## 1    41     190  7.4   67     5   1
## 2    36     118  8.0   72     5   2
## 3    12     149 12.6   74     5   3
## 4    18     313 11.5   62     5   4
## 5    NA      NA 14.3   56     5   5
## 6    28      NA 14.9   66     5   6
acast(aqm,day~month~variable)
## , , ozone
## 
##      5  6   7   8  9
## 1   41 NA 135  39 96
## 2   36 NA  49   9 78
## 3   12 NA  32  16 73
## 4   18 NA  NA  78 91
## 5   NA NA  64  35 47
## 6   28 NA  40  66 32
## 7   23 29  77 122 20
## 8   19 NA  97  89 23
## 9    8 71  97 110 21
## 10  NA 39  85  NA 24
## 11   7 NA  NA  NA 44
## 12  16 NA  10  44 21
## 13  11 23  27  28 28
## 14  14 NA  NA  65  9
## 15  18 NA   7  NA 13
## 16  14 21  48  22 46
## 17  34 37  35  59 18
## 18   6 20  61  23 13
## 19  30 12  79  31 24
## 20  11 13  63  44 16
## 21   1 NA  16  21 13
## 22  11 NA  NA   9 23
## 23   4 NA  NA  NA 36
## 24  32 NA  80  45  7
## 25  NA NA 108 168 14
## 26  NA NA  20  73 30
## 27  NA NA  52  NA NA
## 28  23 NA  82  76 14
## 29  45 NA  50 118 18
## 30 115 NA  64  84 20
## 31  37 NA  59  85 NA
## 
## , , solar.r
## 
##      5   6   7   8   9
## 1  190 286 269  83 167
## 2  118 287 248  24 197
## 3  149 242 236  77 183
## 4  313 186 101  NA 189
## 5   NA 220 175  NA  95
## 6   NA 264 314  NA  92
## 7  299 127 276 255 252
## 8   99 273 267 229 220
## 9   19 291 272 207 230
## 10 194 323 175 222 259
## 11  NA 259 139 137 236
## 12 256 250 264 192 259
## 13 290 148 175 273 238
## 14 274 332 291 157  24
## 15  65 322  48  64 112
## 16 334 191 260  71 237
## 17 307 284 274  51 224
## 18  78  37 285 115  27
## 19 322 120 187 244 238
## 20  44 137 220 190 201
## 21   8 150   7 259 238
## 22 320  59 258  36  14
## 23  25  91 295 255 139
## 24  92 250 294 212  49
## 25  66 135 223 238  20
## 26 266 127  81 215 193
## 27  NA  47  82 153 145
## 28  13  98 213 203 191
## 29 252  31 275 225 131
## 30 223 138 253 237 223
## 31 279  NA 254 188  NA
## 
## , , wind
## 
##       5    6    7    8    9
## 1   7.4  8.6  4.1  6.9  6.9
## 2   8.0  9.7  9.2 13.8  5.1
## 3  12.6 16.1  9.2  7.4  2.8
## 4  11.5  9.2 10.9  6.9  4.6
## 5  14.3  8.6  4.6  7.4  7.4
## 6  14.9 14.3 10.9  4.6 15.5
## 7   8.6  9.7  5.1  4.0 10.9
## 8  13.8  6.9  6.3 10.3 10.3
## 9  20.1 13.8  5.7  8.0 10.9
## 10  8.6 11.5  7.4  8.6  9.7
## 11  6.9 10.9  8.6 11.5 14.9
## 12  9.7  9.2 14.3 11.5 15.5
## 13  9.2  8.0 14.9 11.5  6.3
## 14 10.9 13.8 14.9  9.7 10.9
## 15 13.2 11.5 14.3 11.5 11.5
## 16 11.5 14.9  6.9 10.3  6.9
## 17 12.0 20.7 10.3  6.3 13.8
## 18 18.4  9.2  6.3  7.4 10.3
## 19 11.5 11.5  5.1 10.9 10.3
## 20  9.7 10.3 11.5 10.3  8.0
## 21  9.7  6.3  6.9 15.5 12.6
## 22 16.6  1.7  9.7 14.3  9.2
## 23  9.7  4.6 11.5 12.6 10.3
## 24 12.0  6.3  8.6  9.7 10.3
## 25 16.6  8.0  8.0  3.4 16.6
## 26 14.9  8.0  8.6  8.0  6.9
## 27  8.0 10.3 12.0  5.7 13.2
## 28 12.0 11.5  7.4  9.7 14.3
## 29 14.9 14.9  7.4  2.3  8.0
## 30  5.7  8.0  7.4  6.3 11.5
## 31  7.4   NA  9.2  6.3   NA
## 
## , , temp
## 
##     5  6  7  8  9
## 1  67 78 84 81 91
## 2  72 74 85 81 92
## 3  74 67 81 82 93
## 4  62 84 84 86 93
## 5  56 85 83 85 87
## 6  66 79 83 87 84
## 7  65 82 88 89 80
## 8  59 87 92 90 78
## 9  61 90 92 90 75
## 10 69 87 89 92 73
## 11 74 93 82 86 81
## 12 69 92 73 86 76
## 13 66 82 81 82 77
## 14 68 80 91 80 71
## 15 58 79 80 79 71
## 16 64 77 81 77 78
## 17 66 72 82 79 67
## 18 57 65 84 76 76
## 19 68 73 87 78 68
## 20 62 76 85 78 82
## 21 59 77 74 77 64
## 22 73 76 81 72 71
## 23 61 76 82 75 81
## 24 61 76 86 79 69
## 25 57 75 85 81 63
## 26 58 78 82 86 70
## 27 57 73 86 88 77
## 28 67 80 88 97 75
## 29 81 77 86 94 76
## 30 79 83 83 96 68
## 31 76 NA 81 94 NA
acast(aqm,month~variable)
## Aggregation function missing: defaulting to length
##   ozone solar.r wind temp
## 5    26      27   31   31
## 6     9      30   30   30
## 7    26      31   31   31
## 8    26      28   31   31
## 9    29      30   30   30
table(is.na(airquality)) 
## 
## FALSE  TRUE 
##   874    44
summary(airquality)
##      ozone           solar.r           wind             temp      
##  Min.   :  1.00   Min.   :  7.0   Min.   : 1.700   Min.   :56.00  
##  1st Qu.: 18.00   1st Qu.:115.8   1st Qu.: 7.400   1st Qu.:72.00  
##  Median : 31.50   Median :205.0   Median : 9.700   Median :79.00  
##  Mean   : 42.13   Mean   :185.9   Mean   : 9.958   Mean   :77.88  
##  3rd Qu.: 63.25   3rd Qu.:258.8   3rd Qu.:11.500   3rd Qu.:85.00  
##  Max.   :168.00   Max.   :334.0   Max.   :20.700   Max.   :97.00  
##  NA's   :37       NA's   :7                                       
##      month            day      
##  Min.   :5.000   Min.   : 1.0  
##  1st Qu.:6.000   1st Qu.: 8.0  
##  Median :7.000   Median :16.0  
##  Mean   :6.993   Mean   :15.8  
##  3rd Qu.:8.000   3rd Qu.:23.0  
##  Max.   :9.000   Max.   :31.0  
## 
acast(aqm, month ~ variable, mean) 
##      ozone  solar.r      wind     temp
## 5 23.61538 181.2963 11.622581 65.54839
## 6 29.44444 190.1667 10.266667 79.10000
## 7 59.11538 216.4839  8.941935 83.90323
## 8 59.96154 171.8571  8.793548 83.96774
## 9 31.44828 167.4333 10.180000 76.90000
cast(aqm, month ~ variable, mean, margins = TRUE)
##   month    ozone  solar.r      wind     temp    (all)
## 1     5 23.61538 181.2963 11.622581 65.54839 68.70696
## 2     6 29.44444 190.1667 10.266667 79.10000 87.38384
## 3     7 59.11538 216.4839  8.941935 83.90323 93.49748
## 4     8 59.96154 171.8571  8.793548 83.96774 79.71207
## 5     9 31.44828 167.4333 10.180000 76.90000 71.82689
## 6 (all) 42.12931 185.9315  9.957516 77.88235 80.05722
head(aqm)
##   month day variable value
## 1     5   1    ozone    41
## 2     5   2    ozone    36
## 3     5   3    ozone    12
## 4     5   4    ozone    18
## 5     5   6    ozone    28
## 6     5   7    ozone    23
library(dplyr)
aqm %>% filter(variable=="ozone") %>% summarize(m1=mean(value))
##         m1
## 1 42.12931
aqm %>% filter(variable=="ozone"|month==5) %>% summarize(m1=mean(value))
##         m1
## 1 59.38683
data("ChickWeight")
library(dplyr)
glimpse(ChickWeight)
## Rows: 578
## Columns: 4
## $ weight <dbl> 42, 51, 59, 64, 76, 93, 106, 125, 149, 171, 199, 205, 40, 49, 5…
## $ Time   <dbl> 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 1…
## $ Chick  <ord> 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, …
## $ Diet   <fct> 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, …
names(ChickWeight) <- tolower(names(ChickWeight))
chick_m<-melt(ChickWeight, id=2:4, na.rm=TRUE)
chick_m
##     time chick diet variable value
## 1      0     1    1   weight    42
## 2      2     1    1   weight    51
## 3      4     1    1   weight    59
## 4      6     1    1   weight    64
## 5      8     1    1   weight    76
## 6     10     1    1   weight    93
## 7     12     1    1   weight   106
## 8     14     1    1   weight   125
## 9     16     1    1   weight   149
## 10    18     1    1   weight   171
## 11    20     1    1   weight   199
## 12    21     1    1   weight   205
## 13     0     2    1   weight    40
## 14     2     2    1   weight    49
## 15     4     2    1   weight    58
## 16     6     2    1   weight    72
## 17     8     2    1   weight    84
## 18    10     2    1   weight   103
## 19    12     2    1   weight   122
## 20    14     2    1   weight   138
## 21    16     2    1   weight   162
## 22    18     2    1   weight   187
## 23    20     2    1   weight   209
## 24    21     2    1   weight   215
## 25     0     3    1   weight    43
## 26     2     3    1   weight    39
## 27     4     3    1   weight    55
## 28     6     3    1   weight    67
## 29     8     3    1   weight    84
## 30    10     3    1   weight    99
## 31    12     3    1   weight   115
## 32    14     3    1   weight   138
## 33    16     3    1   weight   163
## 34    18     3    1   weight   187
## 35    20     3    1   weight   198
## 36    21     3    1   weight   202
## 37     0     4    1   weight    42
## 38     2     4    1   weight    49
## 39     4     4    1   weight    56
## 40     6     4    1   weight    67
## 41     8     4    1   weight    74
## 42    10     4    1   weight    87
## 43    12     4    1   weight   102
## 44    14     4    1   weight   108
## 45    16     4    1   weight   136
## 46    18     4    1   weight   154
## 47    20     4    1   weight   160
## 48    21     4    1   weight   157
## 49     0     5    1   weight    41
## 50     2     5    1   weight    42
## 51     4     5    1   weight    48
## 52     6     5    1   weight    60
## 53     8     5    1   weight    79
## 54    10     5    1   weight   106
## 55    12     5    1   weight   141
## 56    14     5    1   weight   164
## 57    16     5    1   weight   197
## 58    18     5    1   weight   199
## 59    20     5    1   weight   220
## 60    21     5    1   weight   223
## 61     0     6    1   weight    41
## 62     2     6    1   weight    49
## 63     4     6    1   weight    59
## 64     6     6    1   weight    74
## 65     8     6    1   weight    97
## 66    10     6    1   weight   124
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## 71    20     6    1   weight   160
## 72    21     6    1   weight   157
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## 74     2     7    1   weight    49
## 75     4     7    1   weight    57
## 76     6     7    1   weight    71
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## 81    16     7    1   weight   218
## 82    18     7    1   weight   250
## 83    20     7    1   weight   288
## 84    21     7    1   weight   305
## 85     0     8    1   weight    42
## 86     2     8    1   weight    50
## 87     4     8    1   weight    61
## 88     6     8    1   weight    71
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## 90    10     8    1   weight    93
## 91    12     8    1   weight   110
## 92    14     8    1   weight   116
## 93    16     8    1   weight   126
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## 95    20     8    1   weight   125
## 96     0     9    1   weight    42
## 97     2     9    1   weight    51
## 98     4     9    1   weight    59
## 99     6     9    1   weight    68
## 100    8     9    1   weight    85
## 101   10     9    1   weight    96
## 102   12     9    1   weight    90
## 103   14     9    1   weight    92
## 104   16     9    1   weight    93
## 105   18     9    1   weight   100
## 106   20     9    1   weight   100
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## 108    0    10    1   weight    41
## 109    2    10    1   weight    44
## 110    4    10    1   weight    52
## 111    6    10    1   weight    63
## 112    8    10    1   weight    74
## 113   10    10    1   weight    81
## 114   12    10    1   weight    89
## 115   14    10    1   weight    96
## 116   16    10    1   weight   101
## 117   18    10    1   weight   112
## 118   20    10    1   weight   120
## 119   21    10    1   weight   124
## 120    0    11    1   weight    43
## 121    2    11    1   weight    51
## 122    4    11    1   weight    63
## 123    6    11    1   weight    84
## 124    8    11    1   weight   112
## 125   10    11    1   weight   139
## 126   12    11    1   weight   168
## 127   14    11    1   weight   177
## 128   16    11    1   weight   182
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## 130   20    11    1   weight   181
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## 132    0    12    1   weight    41
## 133    2    12    1   weight    49
## 134    4    12    1   weight    56
## 135    6    12    1   weight    62
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## 137   10    12    1   weight    88
## 138   12    12    1   weight   119
## 139   14    12    1   weight   135
## 140   16    12    1   weight   162
## 141   18    12    1   weight   185
## 142   20    12    1   weight   195
## 143   21    12    1   weight   205
## 144    0    13    1   weight    41
## 145    2    13    1   weight    48
## 146    4    13    1   weight    53
## 147    6    13    1   weight    60
## 148    8    13    1   weight    65
## 149   10    13    1   weight    67
## 150   12    13    1   weight    71
## 151   14    13    1   weight    70
## 152   16    13    1   weight    71
## 153   18    13    1   weight    81
## 154   20    13    1   weight    91
## 155   21    13    1   weight    96
## 156    0    14    1   weight    41
## 157    2    14    1   weight    49
## 158    4    14    1   weight    62
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## 160    8    14    1   weight   101
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## 164   16    14    1   weight   227
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## 166   20    14    1   weight   259
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## 178    4    16    1   weight    49
## 179    6    16    1   weight    51
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## 181   10    16    1   weight    51
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## 206   18    19    1   weight   120
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## 214   10    20    1   weight    73
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## 216   14    20    1   weight    89
## 217   16    20    1   weight    98
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## 219   20    20    1   weight   115
## 220   21    20    1   weight   117
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acast(chick_m,time~variable,mean) 
##       weight
## 0   41.06000
## 2   49.22000
## 4   59.95918
## 6   74.30612
## 8   91.24490
## 10 107.83673
## 12 129.24490
## 14 143.81250
## 16 168.08511
## 18 190.19149
## 20 209.71739
## 21 218.68889
acast(chick_m,diet~variable,mean) 
##     weight
## 1 102.6455
## 2 122.6167
## 3 142.9500
## 4 135.2627
acast(chick_m,diet~time,mean) 
##      0     2        4        6         8        10       12       14       16
## 1 41.4 47.25 56.47368 66.78947  79.68421  93.05263 108.5263 123.3889 144.6471
## 2 40.7 49.40 59.80000 75.40000  91.70000 108.50000 131.3000 141.9000 164.7000
## 3 40.8 50.40 62.20000 77.90000  98.40000 117.10000 144.4000 164.5000 197.4000
## 4 41.0 51.80 64.50000 83.90000 105.60000 126.00000 151.4000 161.8000 182.0000
##         18       20       21
## 1 158.9412 170.4118 177.7500
## 2 187.7000 205.6000 214.7000
## 3 233.1000 258.9000 270.3000
## 4 202.9000 233.8889 238.5556
chick_m %>% filter(time<10&chick<20) %>% summarize(m2=mean(value))
##         m2
## 1 53.04545