Introduction about Algeria

Algeria is a country located in Northern Africa bordering the Mediterranean Sea. It is considered the gateway between Africa and Europe. Neighboring countries include Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Tunisia, and Western Sahara. Algeria is mostly desert with a few mountains and a narrow coastal plain. The government system is a republic; the chief of state and head of government is the president. Algeria has a mixed economic system which includes a variety of private freedom, combined with centralized economic planning, and government regulation. Algeria is a member of the League of Arab States (Arab League).

The placement of the Algeria

Algeria, officially the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in North Africa. Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia; to the east by Libya; to the southeast by Niger; to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara; to the west by Morocco; and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. It is considered to be a part of the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has a semi-arid geography, with most of the population living in the fertile north and the Sahara dominating the geography of the south.
Algeria covers an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), making it the world’s tenth largest nation by area, and the largest nation in Africa, being more than 200 times as large as the smallest country in the continent, The Gambia. With a population of 44 million, Algeria is the ninth-most populous country in Africa, and the 32nd-most populous country in the world. The capital and largest city is Algiers, located in the far north on the Mediterranean coast.
Demonym
  • Noun: Algerian(s)
  • Adjective: Algerian
Capital City
  • Algiers (+1 GMT)
Currency
  • Algerian dinar (DZD)
Languages
  • Arabic (official), French (lingua franca), Berber or Tamazight (official); dialects include Kabyle Berber (Taqbaylit), Shawiya Berber (Tacawit), Mzab Berber, Tuareg Berber (Tamahaq)
Ethnic Groups
  • Arab-Berber 99%
  • European less than 1%
Calling Code
  • 213
Voltage
  • 230
Religions
  • Muslim (official; predominantly Sunni) 99%
  • other (includes Christian and Jewish) <1% (2012 est.)

Civilization

Algeria produced and is linked to many civilizations, empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Rustamids, Idrisids, Aghlabids, Fatimids, Zirids, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Zayyanids, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire. The vast majority of Algeria’s population is Arab-Berber, practicing Islam, and using the official languages of Arabic and Berber. However, French serves as an administrative and educational language in some contexts. The main spoken language is Algerian Arabic.

Government and Trading

Algeria is a semi-presidential republic, with local constituencies consisting of 58 provinces and 1,541 communes. Algeria is a regional power in North Africa, and a middle power in global affairs. It has the highest Human Development Index of all non-island African countries and one of the largest economies on the continent, based largely on energy exports. Algeria has the world’s sixteenth-largest oil reserves and the ninth-largest reserves of natural gas. Sonatrach, the national oil company, is the largest company in Africa, supplying large amounts of natural gas to Europe. Algeria’s military is one of the largest in Africa, and has the largest defence budget on the continent. It is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, the OIC, OPEC, the United Nations, and the Arab Maghreb Union, of which it is a founding member.

National flag :

COVID-19 pandemic in Algeria

The COVID-19 pandemic in Algeria is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have spread to Algeria in February 2020. In December it was announced that Algeria intended to launch COVID-19 vaccinations in January 2021

Background

On 12 January, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, who had initially come to the attention of the WHO on 31 December 2019. Unlike SARS of 2003, the case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower, but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.

Exploratory Data Analysis

Structure of Data

Daily summary of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) cases by state/province.

Format

A data frame with 7 variables.

date : Date in YYYY-MM-DD format.

province : Name of province/state, for countries where data is provided split across multiple provinces/states.

country : Name of country/region.

lat : Latitude of center of geographic region, defined as either country or, if available, province.

long : Longitude of center of geographic region, defined as either country or, if available, province.

type : An indicator for the type of cases (confirmed, death, recovered).

cases : Number of cases on given date.

uid : Country code

iso2 : Officially assigned country code identifiers with two-letter

iso3 : Officially assigned country code identifiers with three-letter

code3 : UN country code

combined_key : Country and province (if applicable)

population : Country or province population

continent_name : Continent name

continent_code : Continent code

Details :

The dataset contains the daily summary of Coronavirus cases (confirmed, death, and recovered), by state/province.

Source :

Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering (JHU CCSE) Coronavirus website.

Distribution of Covid-19 in Algeria

This figure shows that, confirmed, death and recovered cases in Algeria. At first, there were no cases but shortly, the number of confirmed cases increased speedily and it is much larger than death and confirmed cases. Especially, Algeria has a small number of death cases than confirmed cases. Overall Algeria has been performing well in keeping the fatality rate low and ensuring that nearly half the confirmed patients are recovered.

Summary about the Filtered Algeria Corona Dataset

##       date              province           country               lat       
##  Min.   :2020-01-22   Length:2652        Length:2652        Min.   :28.03  
##  1st Qu.:2020-08-29   Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.:28.03  
##  Median :2021-04-07   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median :28.03  
##  Mean   :2021-04-07                                         Mean   :28.03  
##  3rd Qu.:2021-11-14                                         3rd Qu.:28.03  
##  Max.   :2022-06-23                                         Max.   :28.03  
##       long          type               cases                uid    
##  Min.   :1.66   Length:2652        Min.   :-118409.0   Min.   :12  
##  1st Qu.:1.66   Class :character   1st Qu.:      2.0   1st Qu.:12  
##  Median :1.66   Mode  :character   Median :     13.0   Median :12  
##  Mean   :1.66                      Mean   :    102.9   Mean   :12  
##  3rd Qu.:1.66                      3rd Qu.:    193.0   3rd Qu.:12  
##  Max.   :1.66                      Max.   :   2521.0   Max.   :12  
##      iso2               iso3               code3    combined_key      
##  Length:2652        Length:2652        Min.   :12   Length:2652       
##  Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.:12   Class :character  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median :12   Mode  :character  
##                                        Mean   :12                     
##                                        3rd Qu.:12                     
##                                        Max.   :12                     
##    population       continent_name     continent_code    
##  Min.   :43851043   Length:2652        Length:2652       
##  1st Qu.:43851043   Class :character   Class :character  
##  Median :43851043   Mode  :character   Mode  :character  
##  Mean   :43851043                                        
##  3rd Qu.:43851043                                        
##  Max.   :43851043

This is the summary about filtered data set Algeria from the coronavirus data set. So can see in cases column there minus values here. Cases cannot be minus. That is error. So, we do some statistical things to avoid this error. The data set has data from 2020-01-22 to 2022-06-23. According to the above summary we can see the mean number of cases are 102. The maximum number of cases are 2521.

Confirmed Corona Cases in Algeria

In the above plots, we can see that there is a maximum confirmed cases in 2022. Between 2021 and 2022 , we can see increasing and decreasing patterns. From the data set , there are no missing values or null values.

Death Corona Cases in Algeria

In the above Figure, we can see that there is a maximum death cases in 2021. In 2022, there are decreasing pattern in the death corona cases. From the data set , there are no missing values or null values.

Recovery Corona Cases in Algeria

In the above Figure, we can see that there is a maximum recovery cases in 2021. After mid-2021, recovery cases are going to be zero. From the data set , there are four negative values.First they are convert to the missing values. Red and green lines are defined the impute missing values.

All Confirmed, Recovery and Death cases

According to the this figure we can see the death are very lover than confirmed and recovery cases. That is good thing. In 25th of January,2022 have the maximum Confirmed cases.

Active Cases In Algeria

According to the figure, we can conclude that 2022 has maximum Active cases.

Comparison

Comparison - Confirmed Corona cases with Tunisia, Libya and Niger

According to the Figure, we can say that Tunisia has the highest confirmed corona cases. As well as Niger has the lowest confirmed corona cases.

Comparison - Recovery Corona cases with Tunisia, Libya & Niger

According to the Figure, we can say that Tunisia has the highest recovery corona cases. As well as Niger has the lowest recovery corona cases.

Comparison - Death Corona cases with Tunisia, Libya & Niger

According to the Figure, we can say that Tunisia has the highest death corona cases. As well as Niger has the lowest death corona cases.

Conclusions and Discussion

In my data set, I found four NA values. province variable is already NA. So, I had some limitations in the data set. In the recovery_algeria_corona case, after the 6th of August,2021 all the data goes to zero. I don,t know the reason. The comparison with Tunisia, Libya & Niger, in all three cases Tunisia has the highest amount and Niger has the lowest amount. I think there has a population reason. Approximately Tunisia has an 11 million population and Niger has a 2 million population.

References

Algeria. (n.d.). In algeria.

Algeria | Flag, Capital, Population, Map, & Language. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved October 8, 2022, from https://www.britannica.com/place/Algeria