Effect on perceived repression (manipulation check)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Suppression_sc ~ Cond.dum + gender_dum + race_dum +
## incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -70.51 -13.15 -6.14 16.47 88.07
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 8.99735 4.70378 1.913 0.05608 .
## Cond.dum 53.44800 1.69339 31.563 < 2e-16 ***
## gender_dum 3.41023 1.70618 1.999 0.04593 *
## race_dum 1.96686 2.11221 0.931 0.35200
## incomeN -0.72104 0.26464 -2.725 0.00656 **
## educationN 3.01955 0.98188 3.075 0.00216 **
## age -0.10872 0.06893 -1.577 0.11509
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 25.82 on 926 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.5217, Adjusted R-squared: 0.5186
## F-statistic: 168.3 on 6 and 926 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Suppression_sc ~ Cond.dum * ideology + gender_dum +
## race_dum + incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -69.856 -13.323 -5.744 16.200 91.026
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 4.1084 5.1711 0.794 0.42711
## Cond.dum 62.4626 3.8131 16.381 < 2e-16 ***
## ideology 1.3969 0.6160 2.268 0.02357 *
## gender_dum 3.2396 1.7027 1.903 0.05739 .
## race_dum 2.1777 2.1168 1.029 0.30387
## incomeN -0.7425 0.2650 -2.802 0.00518 **
## educationN 3.0196 0.9845 3.067 0.00222 **
## age -0.1201 0.0695 -1.728 0.08431 .
## Cond.dum:ideology -2.2781 0.8664 -2.629 0.00869 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 25.75 on 924 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.5255, Adjusted R-squared: 0.5214
## F-statistic: 127.9 on 8 and 924 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
Outcomes
Effect on trust in the police
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = TrustPolice_sc ~ Cond.dum + gender_dum + race_dum +
## incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -71.849 -23.642 2.039 23.021 74.872
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 42.57021 5.35972 7.943 5.72e-15 ***
## Cond.dum -21.13964 1.92954 -10.956 < 2e-16 ***
## gender_dum 3.07457 1.94411 1.581 0.11411
## race_dum -6.58527 2.40676 -2.736 0.00634 **
## incomeN 1.21983 0.30154 4.045 5.66e-05 ***
## educationN -2.67377 1.11881 -2.390 0.01706 *
## age 0.42150 0.07854 5.366 1.02e-07 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 29.42 on 926 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1641, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1586
## F-statistic: 30.29 on 6 and 926 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## ------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.11 | [0.08, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 5.59e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 0.02 | [0.01, 1.00]
## incomeN | 0.01 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 5.23e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## age | 0.03 | [0.01, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = TrustPolice_sc ~ Cond.dum * ideology + gender_dum +
## race_dum + incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -86.834 -20.804 2.663 20.993 69.733
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 21.30868 5.56850 3.827 0.000139 ***
## Cond.dum -14.10853 4.10616 -3.436 0.000617 ***
## ideology 5.95373 0.66330 8.976 < 2e-16 ***
## gender_dum 3.04945 1.83351 1.663 0.096616 .
## race_dum -4.09856 2.27951 -1.798 0.072503 .
## incomeN 0.94104 0.28532 3.298 0.001010 **
## educationN -1.55661 1.06016 -1.468 0.142369
## age 0.30062 0.07484 4.017 6.38e-05 ***
## Cond.dum:ideology -1.66125 0.93295 -1.781 0.075300 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 27.73 on 924 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2592, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2528
## F-statistic: 40.42 on 8 and 924 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## JOHNSON-NEYMAN INTERVAL
##
## When ideology is INSIDE the interval [-1.80, 125.54], the slope of Cond.dum
## is p < .05.
##
## Note: The range of observed values of ideology is [1.00, 7.00]
##
## SIMPLE SLOPES ANALYSIS
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 1.994927 (- 1 SD):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## -------- ------ -------- ------
## -17.42 2.57 -6.77 0.00
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 3.946409 (Mean):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## -------- ------ -------- ------
## -20.66 1.82 -11.36 0.00
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 5.897892 (+ 1 SD):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## -------- ------ -------- ------
## -23.91 2.57 -9.29 0.00
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## -------------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.12 | [0.09, 1.00]
## ideology | 0.14 | [0.11, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 5.25e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 7.75e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## incomeN | 8.88e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 1.63e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## age | 0.02 | [0.01, 1.00]
## Cond.dum:ideology | 3.42e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
Effect on trust in the government
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = TrustGov_sc ~ Cond.dum + gender_dum + race_dum +
## incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -63.843 -21.313 1.315 20.352 68.053
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 34.08120 4.98224 6.841 1.43e-11 ***
## Cond.dum -15.24940 1.79364 -8.502 < 2e-16 ***
## gender_dum 4.62361 1.80718 2.558 0.010672 *
## race_dum -3.97367 2.23725 -1.776 0.076038 .
## incomeN 0.96827 0.28031 3.454 0.000577 ***
## educationN -0.02348 1.04001 -0.023 0.981994
## age 0.26135 0.07301 3.580 0.000362 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 27.35 on 926 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1088, Adjusted R-squared: 0.103
## F-statistic: 18.83 on 6 and 926 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## ------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.07 | [0.05, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 9.40e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 7.47e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## incomeN | 0.01 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 1.10e-05 | [0.00, 1.00]
## age | 0.01 | [0.00, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = TrustGov_sc ~ Cond.dum * ideology + gender_dum +
## race_dum + incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -70.183 -21.107 1.569 19.385 61.640
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 24.95161 5.41972 4.604 4.73e-06 ***
## Cond.dum -13.97900 3.99645 -3.498 0.000491 ***
## ideology 2.54991 0.64557 3.950 8.42e-05 ***
## gender_dum 4.65180 1.78452 2.607 0.009288 **
## race_dum -2.82057 2.21860 -1.271 0.203932
## incomeN 0.83847 0.27769 3.019 0.002602 **
## educationN 0.51693 1.03183 0.501 0.616505
## age 0.20557 0.07284 2.822 0.004875 **
## Cond.dum:ideology -0.26512 0.90802 -0.292 0.770374
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 26.99 on 924 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1342, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1267
## F-statistic: 17.91 on 8 and 924 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## -------------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.07 | [0.05, 1.00]
## ideology | 0.04 | [0.02, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 9.01e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 3.82e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## incomeN | 0.01 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 4.53e-04 | [0.00, 1.00]
## age | 8.60e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## Cond.dum:ideology | 9.23e-05 | [0.00, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
Effect on policy support
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = PolicySupport ~ Cond.dum + gender_dum + race_dum +
## incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -54.850 -14.090 -0.777 13.637 53.735
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 55.67601 3.81609 14.590 < 2e-16 ***
## Cond.dum 7.04312 1.37382 5.127 3.59e-07 ***
## gender_dum -1.35873 1.38419 -0.982 0.326549
## race_dum 4.69784 1.71360 2.742 0.006234 **
## incomeN -0.78193 0.21470 -3.642 0.000286 ***
## educationN 3.17962 0.79659 3.992 7.08e-05 ***
## age -0.29171 0.05592 -5.216 2.25e-07 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 20.95 on 926 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.08837, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08246
## F-statistic: 14.96 on 6 and 926 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## ------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.02 | [0.01, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 3.23e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 0.02 | [0.01, 1.00]
## incomeN | 5.66e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 0.02 | [0.01, 1.00]
## age | 0.03 | [0.01, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = PolicySupport ~ Cond.dum * ideology + gender_dum +
## race_dum + incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -52.021 -13.315 -1.635 12.954 61.126
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 73.24157 3.84181 19.064 < 2e-16 ***
## Cond.dum 3.15828 2.83292 1.115 0.265204
## ideology -4.91152 0.45762 -10.733 < 2e-16 ***
## gender_dum -1.38086 1.26497 -1.092 0.275288
## race_dum 2.54953 1.57268 1.621 0.105329
## incomeN -0.54051 0.19685 -2.746 0.006153 **
## educationN 2.18988 0.73143 2.994 0.002827 **
## age -0.18758 0.05164 -3.633 0.000296 ***
## Cond.dum:ideology 0.87932 0.64366 1.366 0.172232
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 19.13 on 924 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2415, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2349
## F-statistic: 36.77 on 8 and 924 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## -------------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.03 | [0.01, 1.00]
## ideology | 0.20 | [0.16, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 2.88e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 6.35e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## incomeN | 3.22e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 8.33e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## age | 0.01 | [0.00, 1.00]
## Cond.dum:ideology | 2.02e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
Mechanisms
Effect on perceived harm
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Harm_sc ~ Cond.dum + gender_dum + race_dum + incomeN +
## educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -69.547 -14.366 -5.267 16.212 87.857
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 11.30675 4.73366 2.389 0.017113 *
## Cond.dum 51.04042 1.70415 29.951 < 2e-16 ***
## gender_dum 1.57750 1.71702 0.919 0.358469
## race_dum 3.04934 2.12562 1.435 0.151750
## incomeN -0.88240 0.26632 -3.313 0.000958 ***
## educationN 3.95144 0.98812 3.999 6.87e-05 ***
## age -0.16621 0.06937 -2.396 0.016771 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 25.99 on 926 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4979, Adjusted R-squared: 0.4947
## F-statistic: 153.1 on 6 and 926 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## ------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.49 | [0.45, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 2.62e-04 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 4.95e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## incomeN | 4.36e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 0.02 | [0.01, 1.00]
## age | 6.16e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Harm_sc ~ Cond.dum * ideology + gender_dum + race_dum +
## incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -66.644 -14.237 -5.275 16.812 90.262
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 7.07963 5.20686 1.360 0.17426
## Cond.dum 59.59265 3.83949 15.521 < 2e-16 ***
## ideology 1.21065 0.62022 1.952 0.05124 .
## gender_dum 1.41307 1.71443 0.824 0.41003
## race_dum 3.19465 2.13147 1.499 0.13427
## incomeN -0.89658 0.26679 -3.361 0.00081 ***
## educationN 3.92518 0.99131 3.960 8.08e-05 ***
## age -0.17438 0.06998 -2.492 0.01289 *
## Cond.dum:ideology -2.16400 0.87236 -2.481 0.01329 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 25.93 on 924 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.5013, Adjusted R-squared: 0.497
## F-statistic: 116.1 on 8 and 924 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## JOHNSON-NEYMAN INTERVAL
##
## When ideology is OUTSIDE the interval [17.05, 116.97], the slope of
## Cond.dum is p < .05.
##
## Note: The range of observed values of ideology is [1.00, 7.00]
##
## SIMPLE SLOPES ANALYSIS
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 1.994927 (- 1 SD):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## ------- ------ -------- ------
## 55.28 2.41 22.97 0.00
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 3.946409 (Mean):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## ------- ------ -------- ------
## 51.05 1.70 30.02 0.00
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 5.897892 (+ 1 SD):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## ------- ------ -------- ------
## 46.83 2.41 19.46 0.00
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## -------------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.49 | [0.46, 1.00]
## ideology | 6.73e-04 | [0.00, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 2.79e-04 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 4.59e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## incomeN | 4.28e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 0.02 | [0.01, 1.00]
## age | 6.31e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## Cond.dum:ideology | 6.62e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
Effect on perceived morality
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Morality_sc ~ Cond.dum + gender_dum + race_dum +
## incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -76.162 -22.365 0.951 23.665 69.191
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 67.89096 5.22955 12.982 <2e-16 ***
## Cond.dum -37.03121 1.88267 -19.669 <2e-16 ***
## gender_dum -1.20947 1.89689 -0.638 0.5239
## race_dum -2.06656 2.34830 -0.880 0.3791
## incomeN 0.41970 0.29422 1.426 0.1541
## educationN -1.44021 1.09164 -1.319 0.1874
## age 0.15135 0.07664 1.975 0.0486 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 28.71 on 926 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2976, Adjusted R-squared: 0.293
## F-statistic: 65.39 on 6 and 926 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## ------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.29 | [0.25, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 1.59e-04 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 2.00e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## incomeN | 1.06e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 1.69e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## age | 4.19e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Morality_sc ~ Cond.dum * ideology + gender_dum +
## race_dum + incomeN + educationN + age, data = S3, na.action = na.omit)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -74.967 -22.033 0.676 24.275 72.130
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 69.21813 5.75176 12.034 <2e-16 ***
## Cond.dum -45.27519 4.24130 -10.675 <2e-16 ***
## ideology -0.40105 0.68513 -0.585 0.5584
## gender_dum -1.03397 1.89385 -0.546 0.5852
## race_dum -1.84095 2.35453 -0.782 0.4345
## incomeN 0.39209 0.29471 1.330 0.1837
## educationN -1.23899 1.09505 -1.131 0.2582
## age 0.14159 0.07731 1.832 0.0673 .
## Cond.dum:ideology 2.10421 0.96365 2.184 0.0292 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 28.64 on 924 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3025, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2964
## F-statistic: 50.08 on 8 and 924 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
## JOHNSON-NEYMAN INTERVAL
##
## When ideology is OUTSIDE the interval [13.10, 177.61], the slope of
## Cond.dum is p < .05.
##
## Note: The range of observed values of ideology is [1.00, 7.00]
##
## SIMPLE SLOPES ANALYSIS
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 1.994927 (- 1 SD):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## -------- ------ -------- ------
## -41.08 2.66 -15.45 0.00
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 3.946409 (Mean):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## -------- ------ -------- ------
## -36.97 1.88 -19.68 0.00
##
## Slope of Cond.dum when ideology = 5.897892 (+ 1 SD):
##
## Est. S.E. t val. p
## -------- ------ -------- ------
## -32.86 2.66 -12.36 0.00
## # Effect Size for ANOVA (Type I)
##
## Parameter | Eta2 (partial) | 95% CI
## -------------------------------------------------
## Cond.dum | 0.29 | [0.26, 1.00]
## ideology | 3.84e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## gender_dum | 1.89e-04 | [0.00, 1.00]
## race_dum | 1.37e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## incomeN | 8.77e-04 | [0.00, 1.00]
## educationN | 1.31e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## age | 3.38e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
## Cond.dum:ideology | 5.13e-03 | [0.00, 1.00]
##
## - One-sided CIs: upper bound fixed at (1).
