PA2_assignment
Bruce Leutwyler
July 18, 2015
Weathering Black Swans: Catastrophic Weather’s Potential Impact on Life, Limb, and Property
Synopsis
This is a “back of the envelope” Extreme Value Analysis utilizing weather event data obtained from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) storm database for the years from 1950 to 2011. The weather event categories utilized are sourced from the National Weather Service (NWS). Using the storm database and Extreme Value Analysis techniques, I address questions about what extreme weather events imply for the United States in terms of catastrophic mortal harm as well as catastrophic injury and property damage.
The results show that we can expect the worst catastrophes in the next 25 years for human life to be from: Heat, Tornados, Flash flood and Extreme Cold/Wind Chill; the worst for human injuries from: Tornados, Heat, Winter Storms, and Wildfire; and the most destructive to property from: Flood, High Wind, Ice Storm and Coastal Flood.
Introduction
Pursuant to fulfilling Johns Hopkins’ Coursera course requirements in Roger Peng’s Reproducible Research Course, this “back of the envelope”" study attempts to answer two questions:
- Across the United States, which types of events (as indicated in the EVTYPE variable) are most harmful with respect to population health?
- Across the United States, which types of events have the greatest economic consequences?
As recent events, weather (New Orleans), geologic events (Fukushima), and the financial markets (World Markets 2000, 2007, China 2015) have demonstrated, the problem cannot be modeled by simply figuring out the expected values for harm per year from past data, and hope for the best. What Federal policymakers want to know, or should want to know, is what kind of worst case scenario should they prepare for?
Using data from U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) storm database covering the years 1950-2012 , and the National Weather Service (NWS) categorization of weather events (2007), this study looks for fat tails around the maximum fatalities per year, maximum injuries per year and the maximum property damage per year in an attempt to divine catastrophes in the wings or rather tails.
The approach for modelling extremes of the yearly observations is based on the utilization of maximum values of these observations per year. The resulting vector of annual maxima is called the “Annual Maxima Series” (“AMS”). The distribution of the yearly maxima can be approximated by the Generalized Extreme Value Distribution. The results of the analysis are return levels, which are the extreme values that can be expected to occur within a given amount of time. Return levels are given for 5, 25, 50, 100, and 500 years. These return level values give some idea of potential weather event black swans and characterize the potential future harm to life, limb, and property in the US.
Following Nassim Taleb’s work, the problem for policy makers is to design systems that can weather the consequences of catastrophic events. Typical statistical analysis hides the possibility of catastrophes, because as rare events, they look like outliers, or they are under-represented because the data is fit to the normal distribution. The problem, as Taleb has pointed out, is not to be the turkey (free-range) that infers from her happy, well-fed life, that, statistically speaking, she can expect a relatively mild worst case scenario respecting her future.
It should be noted that Taleb currently eschews using the Generalized Extreme Value Distribution because it tends to underpredict what can happen, and the equation is very sensitive to changes in its parameters. As he says – “The problem is the calibration and parameter uncertainty: in the real world we don’t know the parameters. The ranges in the probablities generated we get are monstrous” (Extreme Value Theory: Fuhgetaboudit, p. 1).
Data Processing
Loading and preprocessing the data
Load Libraries and set defaults (install these packages if not currently installed)
# Default packages
library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(reshape2)
library(ggplot2)
library(lubridate)
library(gridExtra)
library(httr)
library(XML)
library(quantmod)
library(pastecs)
library(psych)
# Additional packages
library(R.utils)
library(stringdist)
library(ismev)
library(extRemes)
library(gridExtra)
library(printr)
options(scipen = 1, digits = 2) # Set default on how R displays numeric resultsUnzip data and read in data. (Note that if you use this code you need to unremark the bunzip2 line, if the data has not yet been unzipped.)
# bunzip2("repdata-data-StormData.csv.bz2") # Use this the first time to unzip the data
storm_data = read.csv("repdata-data-StormData.csv", stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
storm_data = tbl_df(storm_data) # Convert to Table class for use with dplyr and tidyrData cleanup
The data from NOAA’s storm database, which starts in 1951 and ends in November, 2011 was very challenging to use because the weather categories were made up as the the weather reporters went along. To facilitate a more modern rendering, the weather events were mapped over to the National Weather Services catalog of weather events. This was accomplished using an algorithm called “soundex” which maps phonically similar strings to each other. A less “back of the envelope”" analysis would benefit from a human being semantically mapping the old categories to the new. The mapping performed by the soundex algorithm is available for inspection in the Appendix.
I also included in the mapping algorithm below some extra cleanup when I saw this would be helpful, and that a small consideration could go a long way to making a better mapping.
# Add Year Column to allow grouping by year
storm_data1 = storm_data %>%
mutate(YEAR = year(as.POSIXct(BGN_DATE, format="%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S")))
# National Weather Service Weather Event Designators
nws_evtypes <- c("Avalanche", "Blizzard", "Coastal Flood", "Cold/Wind Chill",
"Debris Flow", "Dense Fog", "Dense Smoke", "Drought", "Dust Devil", "Dust Storm",
"Excessive Heat", "Extreme Cold/Wind Chill", "Flash Flood", "Flood", "Freezing Fog",
"Frost/Freeze", "Funnel Cloud", "Hail", "Heat", "Heavy Rain", "Heavy Snow",
"High Surf", "High Wind", "Hurricane (Typhoon)", "Ice Storm", "Lake-Effect Snow",
"Lakeshore Flood", "Lightning", "Marine Hail", "Marine High Wind", "Marine Strong Wind",
"Marine Thunderstorm Wind", "Rip Current", "Seiche", "Sleet", "Storm Surge/Tide",
"Strong Wind", "Thunderstorm Wind", "Tornado", "Tropical Depression", "Tropical Storm",
"Tsunami", "Volcanic Ash", "Waterspout", "Wildfire", "Winter Storm", "Winter Weather", "Wind")
# Function to find close matches to character string
match_string = function(string, string_vector) {
string_vector[amatch(string, string_vector, maxDist=8, method="soundex")]
}
# Storm data frame with EVTYPENWS column variable with National Weather Service designator values
storm_data_nws = storm_data1 %>%
mutate(EVTYPE = ifelse(EVTYPE=="TSTM WIND", "Thunderstorm Wind", EVTYPE)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPE = ifelse(EVTYPE=="THUNDERSTORM WINDS", "Thunderstorm Wind", EVTYPE)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPENWS = match_string(EVTYPE, nws_evtypes)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(is.na(EVTYPENWS), "Non-NWS Event Type", EVTYPENWS)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(EVTYPENWS=="Wind", "High Wind", EVTYPENWS)) %>% # Treat all Wind categories as High Wind
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(EVTYPENWS=="Astronomical Low Tide", "Non-NWS Event Type", EVTYPENWS)) %>% # resolve bad mapping algo issue
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(EVTYPENWS=="Excessive Heat", "Heat", EVTYPENWS)) %>% # treat all heat categories as heat
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(EVTYPENWS=="Avalanche", "Non-NWS Event Type", EVTYPENWS)) # algo makes everything it can't recognize as avalanche so treat avalanche as Non-NWS eventData Analysis
As mentioned before, this extreme value analysis fits the Extreme Value Distribution to the annual maxima series for each weather type (Stuart Coles, An Introduction to Statistical Modeling for Extreme Values, 2004). Fitting this distribution to the data was done using the fevd() function provided by the exTreme package. The exTreme package also has a function return.level() to calculate return levels. If the maximum value was zero during a given year, that value was removed before the annual maximum series was fit to the Extreme Value Distribution. This was necessary for the fevd() fitting function not to spit out an error.
Results
The results of this analysis are codified in the following tables. The results have been sorted on the 25 year return level; that is, the most catastrophic weather events we can expect in the next 25 years. It is interesting to note that the harmfulness of death compared to injury and property damage do not perfectly line up. According to this analysis, some weather phenomena are more dangerous to life than to injury, and other weather phenomena are more costly. For example, in the next 25 years in terms of potential catastrophe, floods will apparently be the most catastrophically costly, but heat will be more deadly, and tornados will be potentially the most catastrophically injurious.
The following plots show the Annual Maxima Series to which the Generalized Extreme Value Distribution was fit and the Catastrophic Return Level Predictions for each NWS weather type.
Extreme Value Analysis for Fatalities
## Extreme Value Analysis for fatalities
# Maximum number of fatalities by year
data_max_fatalities_by_year = storm_data_nws %>%
group_by(EVTYPENWS, YEAR) %>%
summarize(max_fatalities_by_year = max(FATALITIES, na.rm=T)) %>%
filter(max_fatalities_by_year!=0)
# Plot Maximum number of fatalities by year vs Weather Event Type
max_fatality_plot = ggplot(data_max_fatalities_by_year, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_fatalities_by_year)) +
geom_point() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
labs(title="From 1950-2011: Annual Maxima Series of Fatalities (worst event for each \n event type in each of the 61 years) \n and Extreme Value Predictions (red) vs Weather Event Type", x="NWS Event Type", y="Maximum number of Fatalities per year")
# Prediction of future extreme values for fatalities
# Initialize variables
nws_evtypes_eva_distinct = distinct(data_max_fatalities_by_year)
fatal_return_level = NULL
black_swan_fatalities = data.frame()
# Generate table of extreme values that can be expected with 5-500 year time frames
for(i in nws_evtypes_eva_distinct$EVTYPENWS) {
slice_max_fatalities = filter(data_max_fatalities_by_year, EVTYPENWS == i)
if(length(slice_max_fatalities$max_fatalities_by_year)>3) {
GEV = fevd(slice_max_fatalities$max_fatalities_by_year, type="GEV", method = "GMLE") # Fit Generalized Extreme Value function
return_level = return.level(GEV, c(5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500)) # return predicted black swan values
black_swan_temp = data.frame(EVTYPENWS=i, max_5yr =return_level[[1]], max_25yr =return_level[[3]], max_50yr =return_level[[4]], max_100yr =return_level[[5]], max_500yr =return_level[[6]])
if(length(black_swan_fatalities)==0) black_swan_fatalities=black_swan_temp else black_swan_fatalities = bind_rows(black_swan_fatalities,black_swan_temp)
}
}
# Add return level predictions to Fatalities plot
max_fatality_plot = max_fatality_plot +
geom_point(data=black_swan_fatalities, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_5yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=black_swan_fatalities, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_25yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=black_swan_fatalities, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_50yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=black_swan_fatalities, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_100yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=black_swan_fatalities, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_500yr), color="red", size = 1.3)
black_swan_fatalities = arrange(black_swan_fatalities, desc(max_25yr)) # Sort fatalities on 25 year return level
# Return table & plot
knitr::kable(black_swan_fatalities, digits = 0, caption = "Black Swan Fatalities")| EVTYPENWS | max_5yr | max_25yr | max_50yr | max_100yr | max_500yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heat | 30 | 89 | 136 | 204 | 509 |
| Tornado | 27 | 69 | 101 | 144 | 328 |
| Flash Flood | 9 | 19 | 25 | 33 | 61 |
| Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | 7 | 16 | 23 | 32 | 69 |
| Non-NWS Event Type | 6 | 14 | 21 | 31 | 78 |
| Hurricane (Typhoon) | 4 | 11 | 16 | 23 | 53 |
| Winter Storm | 5 | 10 | 14 | 18 | 32 |
| Thunderstorm Wind | 5 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 27 |
| Flood | 4 | 8 | 12 | 17 | 42 |
| High Wind | 4 | 8 | 11 | 15 | 28 |
| Wildfire | 3 | 8 | 12 | 17 | 42 |
| High Surf | 3 | 7 | 10 | 14 | 27 |
| Heavy Snow | 3 | 7 | 9 | 12 | 25 |
| Cold/Wind Chill | 3 | 7 | 9 | 13 | 29 |
| Ice Storm | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 26 |
| Rip Current | 3 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 15 |
| Tropical Depression | 2 | 6 | 9 | 13 | 32 |
| Lightning | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 14 |
| Dust Storm | 2 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 19 |
| Heavy Rain | 2 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 22 |
| Marine Thunderstorm Wind | 2 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 13 |
| Storm Surge/Tide | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 19 |
| Dense Fog | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Freezing Fog | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Coastal Flood | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| Blizzard | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hail | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Marine High Wind | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
max_fatality_plot
Extreme Value Analysis for Injuries
## Extreme Value Analysis for Injuries
# Maximum number of injuries by year
data_max_injuries_by_year = storm_data_nws %>%
group_by(EVTYPENWS, YEAR) %>%
summarize(max_injuries_by_year = max(INJURIES, na.rm=T)) %>%
filter(max_injuries_by_year!=0)
# Plot Maximum number of injuries by year vs Weather Event Type
max_injuries_plot = ggplot(data_max_injuries_by_year, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_injuries_by_year)) +
geom_point() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
labs(title="From 1950-2011: Annual Maxima Series of Injuries (worst event for each \n event type in each of the 61 years) \n and Extreme Value Predictions (red) vs Weather Event Type ", x="NWS Event Type", y="Maximum number of Injuries per year")
# Prediction of Extreme Values for Injuries
# Initialize variables
nws_evtypes_eva_distinct = distinct(data_max_injuries_by_year)
return_level = NULL
data = data.frame()
data_temp = data.frame()
# Generate table of extreme values that can be expected with 5-500 year time frames
for(i in nws_evtypes_eva_distinct$EVTYPENWS) {
slicer = filter(data_max_injuries_by_year, EVTYPENWS == i)
if(length(slicer$max_injuries_by_year)>3) {
GEV = fevd(slicer$max_injuries_by_year, type="GEV", method = "GMLE")
return_level = return.level(GEV, c(5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500))
data_temp = data.frame(EVTYPENWS=i, max_5yr =return_level[[1]], max_25yr =return_level[[3]], max_50yr =return_level[[4]], max_100yr =return_level[[5]], max_500yr =return_level[[6]])
if(length(data)==0) data=data_temp else data = bind_rows(data,data_temp)
}
}
# Add return level predictions to Injuries plot
max_injuries_plot = max_injuries_plot +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_5yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_25yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_50yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_100yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_500yr), color="red", size = 1.3)
black_swan_injuries = arrange(data, desc(max_25yr)) # sort on 25 year return level
# Return table & plot
knitr::kable(black_swan_injuries, digits = 0, caption = "Black Swan Injuries")| EVTYPENWS | max_5yr | max_25yr | max_50yr | max_100yr | max_500yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tornado | 363 | 882 | 1242 | 1733 | 3669 |
| Heat | 254 | 607 | 836 | 1133 | 2219 |
| Winter Storm | 72 | 168 | 229 | 308 | 596 |
| Non-NWS Event Type | 43 | 120 | 175 | 251 | 563 |
| Wildfire | 44 | 107 | 150 | 208 | 432 |
| Heavy Snow | 39 | 95 | 134 | 186 | 385 |
| Hail | 32 | 85 | 123 | 176 | 388 |
| Flash Flood | 26 | 80 | 124 | 191 | 509 |
| Dense Fog | 33 | 77 | 105 | 141 | 273 |
| Thunderstorm Wind | 48 | 70 | 78 | 85 | 99 |
| Waterspout | 25 | 65 | 91 | 126 | 257 |
| Ice Storm | 18 | 57 | 90 | 140 | 386 |
| High Wind | 24 | 57 | 79 | 110 | 228 |
| Lightning | 28 | 56 | 73 | 94 | 167 |
| Hurricane (Typhoon) | 16 | 56 | 91 | 146 | 429 |
| Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | 14 | 43 | 66 | 100 | 255 |
| Dust Storm | 25 | 40 | 46 | 52 | 64 |
| Flood | 11 | 36 | 58 | 91 | 257 |
| Blizzard | 11 | 36 | 57 | 90 | 253 |
| Tropical Depression | 11 | 36 | 56 | 86 | 228 |
| Rip Current | 12 | 28 | 39 | 53 | 110 |
| Heavy Rain | 10 | 26 | 38 | 53 | 113 |
| High Surf | 7 | 19 | 28 | 40 | 92 |
| Storm Surge/Tide | 8 | 18 | 24 | 32 | 62 |
| Freezing Fog | 12 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 |
| Marine Thunderstorm Wind | 5 | 10 | 14 | 19 | 38 |
| Dust Devil | 4 | 10 | 14 | 19 | 40 |
| Marine High Wind | 4 | 8 | 11 | 15 | 28 |
| Coastal Flood | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
max_injuries_plot
Extreme Value Analysis for Property Damage
When it comes to property damage, the difficulty in mapping shows up clearly. The collection of non-mappable categories together as Non-NWS Event Type add up to a lot of potential damage. A careful semantic mapping of categories is clearly in order to help resolve this issue.
## Extreme Value Analysis for Property Damage
# Maximum property damage by year
data_max_propdmg_by_year = storm_data_nws %>%
group_by(EVTYPENWS, YEAR) %>%
summarize(max_propdmg_by_year = max(PROPDMG, na.rm=T)) %>%
filter(max_propdmg_by_year!=0)
# Plot Maximum property damage by year vs Weather Event Type
max_propdmg_plot = ggplot(data_max_propdmg_by_year, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_propdmg_by_year)) +
geom_point() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1)) +
labs(title="From 1950-2011: Annual Maxima Series of Property Damage (worst event \n for each event type in each of the 61 years) \n and Extreme Value Predictions (red) vs Weather Event Type ", x="NWS Event Type", y="Maximum property damage per year")
# Prediction of Extreme Values for Injuries
# Initialize variables
nws_evtypes_eva_distinct = distinct(data_max_propdmg_by_year)
return_level = NULL
data = data.frame()
data_temp = data.frame()
# Generate table of extreme values that can be expected with 5-500 year time frames
for(i in nws_evtypes_eva_distinct$EVTYPENWS) {
slicer = filter(data_max_propdmg_by_year, EVTYPENWS == i)
if(length(slicer$max_propdmg_by_year)>3) {
GEV = fevd(slicer$max_propdmg_by_year, type="GEV", method = "GMLE")
return_level = return.level(GEV, c(5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500))
data_temp = data.frame(EVTYPENWS=i, max_5yr =return_level[[1]], max_25yr =return_level[[3]], max_50yr =return_level[[4]], max_100yr =return_level[[5]], max_500yr =return_level[[6]])
if(length(data)==0) data=data_temp else data = bind_rows(data,data_temp)
}
}
# Add return level predictions to Property Damage plot
max_propdmg_plot = max_propdmg_plot +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_5yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_25yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_50yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_100yr), color="red", size = 1.3) +
geom_point(data=data, aes(EVTYPENWS, max_500yr), color="red", size = 1.3)
black_swan_propdmg = arrange(data, desc(max_25yr)) # sort on 25 year return level
# Return table & plot
knitr::kable(black_swan_propdmg, digits = 0, caption = "Black Swan Property Damage")| EVTYPENWS | max_5yr | max_25yr | max_50yr | max_100yr | max_500yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-NWS Event Type | 1011 | 2239 | 3026 | 4044 | 7723 |
| Flood | 1256 | 2082 | 2560 | 3138 | 5007 |
| High Wind | 1144 | 1921 | 2390 | 2974 | 4950 |
| Ice Storm | 801 | 1103 | 1205 | 1294 | 1463 |
| Coastal Flood | 796 | 1016 | 1072 | 1113 | 1176 |
| Heavy Snow | 854 | 994 | 1028 | 1053 | 1089 |
| Wildfire | 934 | 987 | 994 | 997 | 1000 |
| Storm Surge/Tide | 795 | 985 | 1035 | 1074 | 1134 |
| Lightning | 878 | 962 | 982 | 996 | 1016 |
| Tropical Depression | 808 | 955 | 986 | 1008 | 1035 |
| Hail | 900 | 953 | 962 | 968 | 974 |
| Winter Storm | 857 | 951 | 969 | 980 | 993 |
| Lake-Effect Snow | 338 | 912 | 1306 | 1837 | 3903 |
| Heavy Rain | 730 | 894 | 933 | 962 | 1002 |
| Blizzard | 574 | 885 | 1006 | 1122 | 1373 |
| Dense Fog | 628 | 877 | 955 | 1020 | 1134 |
| Extreme Cold/Wind Chill | 570 | 808 | 883 | 946 | 1059 |
| Drought | 283 | 798 | 1171 | 1690 | 3832 |
| Thunderstorm Wind | 719 | 731 | 736 | 740 | 751 |
| Flash Flood | 694 | 706 | 710 | 715 | 726 |
| High Surf | 219 | 562 | 790 | 1092 | 2232 |
| Freezing Fog | 206 | 549 | 785 | 1103 | 2348 |
| Heat | 180 | 449 | 623 | 849 | 1676 |
| Dust Storm | 193 | 441 | 599 | 804 | 1540 |
| Hurricane (Typhoon) | 394 | 397 | 398 | 398 | 399 |
| Frost/Freeze | 134 | 363 | 525 | 748 | 1650 |
| Tsunami | 216 | 355 | 406 | 453 | 550 |
| Waterspout | 92 | 312 | 499 | 789 | 2228 |
| Tornado | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 |
| Marine Thunderstorm Wind | 86 | 212 | 300 | 420 | 896 |
| Marine High Wind | 79 | 204 | 288 | 401 | 837 |
| Seiche | 58 | 147 | 213 | 306 | 698 |
| Rip Current | 42 | 112 | 159 | 220 | 451 |
| Funnel Cloud | 32 | 78 | 109 | 149 | 297 |
| Dust Devil | 24 | 62 | 87 | 122 | 260 |
max_propdmg_plot
For questions, or comments, contact: zentek at acm.org.
Appendix
Code book mapping
This shows how the weather designations from the NOAA storm database (EVTYPE) are mapped to the designations of the National Weather Service (EVTYPENWS). The definitions of the NWS weather designations can be found at: [link] (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/pd01016005curr.pdf).
# Codebook mapping
distinct_evtypes = storm_data1 %>% distinct(EVTYPE) %>% select(EVTYPE)
mapping = distinct_evtypes %>%
mutate(EVTYPE = ifelse(EVTYPE=="TSTM WIND", "Thunderstorm Wind", EVTYPE)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPE = ifelse(EVTYPE=="THUNDERSTORM WINDS", "Thunderstorm Wind", EVTYPE)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPENWS = match_string(EVTYPE, nws_evtypes)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(is.na(EVTYPENWS), "Non-NWS Event Type", EVTYPENWS)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(EVTYPENWS=="Astronomical Low Tide", "Non-NWS Event Type", EVTYPENWS)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(EVTYPENWS=="Excessive Heat", "Heat", EVTYPENWS)) %>%
mutate(EVTYPENWS = ifelse(EVTYPENWS=="Avalanche", "Non-NWS Event Type", EVTYPENWS)) # algo makes everything it can't recognize as avalanche so treat avalanche as Non-NWS event
mapping| EVTYPE | EVTYPENWS |
|---|---|
| TORNADO | Tornado |
| Thunderstorm Wind | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL | Hail |
| FREEZING RAIN | Freezing Fog |
| SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ICE STORM/FLASH FLOOD | Ice Storm |
| SNOW/ICE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WINTER STORM | Winter Storm |
| HURRICANE OPAL/HIGH WINDS | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| Thunderstorm Wind | Thunderstorm Wind |
| RECORD COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HURRICANE ERIN | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| HURRICANE OPAL | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| HEAVY RAIN | Heavy Rain |
| LIGHTNING | Lightning |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND | Thunderstorm Wind |
| DENSE FOG | Dense Fog |
| RIP CURRENT | Rip Current |
| THUNDERSTORM WINS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLASH FLOOD | Flash Flood |
| FLASH FLOODING | Flash Flood |
| HIGH WINDS | High Wind |
| FUNNEL CLOUD | Funnel Cloud |
| TORNADO F0 | Tornado |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS LIGHTNING | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS/HAIL | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HEAT | Heat |
| WIND | Wind |
| LIGHTING | Lightning |
| HEAVY RAINS | Heavy Rain |
| LIGHTNING AND HEAVY RAIN | Lightning |
| FUNNEL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WALL CLOUD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS HAIL | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLOOD | Flood |
| COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY RAIN/LIGHTNING | Heavy Rain |
| FLASH FLOODING/THUNDERSTORM WI | Flash Flood |
| WALL CLOUD/FUNNEL CLOUD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM | Thunderstorm Wind |
| WATERSPOUT | Waterspout |
| EXTREME COLD | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| HAIL 1.75) | Hail |
| LIGHTNING/HEAVY RAIN | Lightning |
| HIGH WIND | High Wind |
| BLIZZARD | Blizzard |
| BLIZZARD WEATHER | Blizzard |
| WIND CHILL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BREAKUP FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WIND/BLIZZARD | High Wind |
| RIVER FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW | Heavy Snow |
| FREEZE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COASTAL FLOOD | Coastal Flood |
| HIGH WIND AND HIGH TIDES | High Wind |
| HIGH WIND/BLIZZARD/FREEZING RA | High Wind |
| HIGH TIDES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WIND AND HEAVY SNOW | High Wind |
| RECORD COLD AND HIGH WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD HIGH TEMPERATURE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD HIGH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS HEAVY RAINS | High Wind |
| HIGH WIND/ BLIZZARD | High Wind |
| ICE STORM | Ice Storm |
| BLIZZARD/HIGH WIND | Blizzard |
| HIGH WIND/LOW WIND CHILL | High Wind |
| HEAVY SNOW/HIGH | Heavy Snow |
| RECORD LOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS AND WIND CHILL | High Wind |
| HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS/FREEZING | Heavy Snow |
| LOW TEMPERATURE RECORD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| AVALANCHE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MARINE MISHAP | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WIND CHILL/HIGH WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WIND/WIND CHILL/BLIZZARD | High Wind |
| HIGH WIND/WIND CHILL | High Wind |
| HIGH WIND/HEAVY SNOW | High Wind |
| HIGH TEMPERATURE RECORD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLOOD WATCH/ | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD HIGH TEMPERATURES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WIND/SEAS | High Wind |
| HIGH WINDS/HEAVY RAIN | High Wind |
| HIGH SEAS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SEVERE TURBULENCE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD RAINFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD SNOWFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD WARMTH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW/WIND | Heavy Snow |
| EXTREME HEAT | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| WIND DAMAGE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DUST STORM | Dust Storm |
| APACHE COUNTY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SLEET | Sleet |
| HAIL STORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FUNNEL CLOUDS | Funnel Cloud |
| FLASH FLOODS | Flash Flood |
| DUST DEVIL | Dust Devil |
| EXCESSIVE HEAT | Heat |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FUNNEL CLOU | Thunderstorm Wind |
| WINTER STORM/HIGH WIND | Winter Storm |
| WINTER STORM/HIGH WINDS | Winter Storm |
| GUSTY WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| STRONG WINDS | Storm Surge/Tide |
| FLOODING/HEAVY RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW AND WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SURF COASTAL FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SURF | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY PRECIPATATION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH SURF | High Surf |
| BLOWING DUST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN/SMALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WILD FIRES | Wildfire |
| HIGH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN/SMALL FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WATER SPOUT | Waterspout |
| HIGH WINDS DUST STORM | High Wind |
| WINTER STORM HIGH WINDS | Winter Storm |
| LOCAL FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WINTER STORMS | Winter Storm |
| MUDSLIDES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RAINSTORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SEVERE THUNDERSTORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORMS WINDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| DRY MICROBURST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLOOD/RAIN/WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY MICROBURST 61 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORMS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLASH FLOOD WINDS | Flash Flood |
| URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MICROBURST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| STRONG WIND | Storm Surge/Tide |
| HIGH WIND DAMAGE | High Wind |
| STREAM FLOODING | Storm Surge/Tide |
| URBAN AND SMALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOWPACK | Heavy Snow |
| ICE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLASH FLOOD/ | Flash Flood |
| DOWNBURST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GUSTNADO AND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLOOD/RAIN/WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WET MICROBURST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DOWNBURST WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY MICROBURST WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY MIRCOBURST WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY MICROBURST 53 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SMALL STREAM URBAN FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MICROBURST WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS 57 | High Wind |
| DRY MICROBURST 50 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS 66 | High Wind |
| HIGH WINDS 76 | High Wind |
| HIGH WINDS 63 | High Wind |
| HIGH WINDS 67 | High Wind |
| BLIZZARD/HEAVY SNOW | Blizzard |
| HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS | Heavy Snow |
| BLOWING SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS 82 | High Wind |
| HIGH WINDS 80 | High Wind |
| HIGH WINDS 58 | High Wind |
| FREEZING DRIZZLE | Freezing Fog |
| LIGHTNING THUNDERSTORM WINDSS | Lightning |
| DRY MICROBURST 58 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HAIL 75 | Hail |
| HIGH WINDS 73 | High Wind |
| HIGH WINDS 55 | High Wind |
| LIGHT SNOW AND SLEET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY MICROBURST 84 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 60 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HEAVY RAIN/FLOODING | Heavy Rain |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDSS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| TORNADOS | Tornado |
| GLAZE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD HEAT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COASTAL FLOODING | Coastal Flood |
| HEAT WAVE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FIRST SNOW | Frost/Freeze |
| FREEZING RAIN AND SLEET | Freezing Fog |
| UNSEASONABLY DRY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONABLY WET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WINTRY MIX | Winter Storm |
| WINTER WEATHER | Winter Storm |
| UNSEASONABLY COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EXTREME/RECORD COLD | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| RIP CURRENTS HEAVY SURF | Rip Current |
| SLEET/RAIN/SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONABLY WARM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DROUGHT | Drought |
| NORMAL PRECIPITATION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS/FLOODING | High Wind |
| DRY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RAIN/SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW/RAIN/SLEET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WATERSPOUT/TORNADO | Waterspout |
| WATERSPOUTS | Waterspout |
| WATERSPOUT TORNADO | Waterspout |
| URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| STORM SURGE | Storm Surge/Tide |
| WATERSPOUT-TORNADO | Waterspout |
| WATERSPOUT- | Waterspout |
| TORNADOES, TSTM WIND, HAIL | Tornado |
| TROPICAL STORM ALBERTO | Tropical Depression |
| TROPICAL STORM | Tropical Depression |
| TROPICAL STORM GORDON | Tropical Depression |
| TROPICAL STORM JERRY | Tropical Depression |
| LIGHTNING THUNDERSTORM WINDS | Lightning |
| WAYTERSPOUT | Waterspout |
| MINOR FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGHTNING INJURY | Lightning |
| URBAN/SMALL STREAM FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGHTNING AND THUNDERSTORM WIN | Lightning |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS53 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| URBAN AND SMALL STREAM FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN AND SMALL STREAM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WILDFIRE | Wildfire |
| DAMAGING FREEZE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 13 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| SMALL HAIL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WIND | Heavy Snow |
| HURRICANE | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| WILD/FOREST FIRE | Wildfire |
| SMALL STREAM FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MUD SLIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGNTNING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FROST | Frost/Freeze |
| FREEZING RAIN/SNOW | Freezing Fog |
| HIGH WINDS/ | High Wind |
| THUNDERSNOW | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLOODS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EXTREME WIND CHILLS | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| COOL AND WET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY RAIN/SNOW | Heavy Rain |
| SMALL STREAM AND URBAN FLOODIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SMALL STREAM/URBAN FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW/SLEET/FREEZING RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SEVERE COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GLAZE ICE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD WAVE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EARLY SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SMALL STREAM AND URBAN FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS | High Wind |
| RURAL FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SMALL STREAM AND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MUD SLIDES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HAIL 80 | Hail |
| EXTREME WIND CHILL | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| COLD AND WET CONDITIONS | Cold/Wind Chill |
| EXCESSIVE WETNESS | Heat |
| GRADIENT WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW/BLOWING SNOW | Heavy Snow |
| SLEET/ICE STORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS URBAN FLOOD | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS SMALL STREA | Thunderstorm Wind |
| ROTATING WALL CLOUD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LARGE WALL CLOUD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD AIR FUNNEL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GUSTNADO | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD AIR FUNNELS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BLOWING SNOW- EXTREME WIND CHI | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW AND HEAVY SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GROUND BLIZZARD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MAJOR FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW/HEAVY SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FREEZING RAIN/SLEET | Freezing Fog |
| ICE JAM FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW- HIGH WIND- WIND CHILL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| STREET FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD AIR TORNADO | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SMALL STREAM FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FOG | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 2 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FUNNEL CLOUD/HAIL | Funnel Cloud |
| ICE/SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND 51 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND 50 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND 52 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND 55 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW/BLIZZARD | Heavy Snow |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 61 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL 0.75 | Hail |
| THUNDERSTORM DAMAGE | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERTORM WINDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL 1.00 | Hail |
| HAIL/WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW AND ICE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WIND STORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOWSTORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GRASS FIRES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LAKE FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| PROLONG COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HAIL/WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HAIL 1.75 | Hail |
| THUNDERSTORMW 50 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| WIND/HAIL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW AND ICE STORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN AND SMALL STREAM FLOODIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORMS WIND | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HEAVY SNOW/SLEET | Heavy Snow |
| AGRICULTURAL FREEZE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DROUGHT/EXCESSIVE HEAT | Drought |
| TUNDERSTORM WIND | Thunderstorm Wind |
| TROPICAL STORM DEAN | Tropical Depression |
| THUNDERTSORM WIND | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS/ HAIL | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND/LIGHTNING | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HEAVY RAIN/SEVERE WEATHER | Heavy Rain |
| THUNDESTORM WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WATERSPOUT/ TORNADO | Waterspout |
| LIGHTNING. | Lightning |
| WARM DRY CONDITIONS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HURRICANE-GENERATED SWELLS | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| HEAVY SNOW/ICE STORM | Heavy Snow |
| RIVER AND STREAM FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WIND 63 | High Wind |
| COASTAL SURGE | Coastal Flood |
| HEAVY SNOW AND ICE STORM | Heavy Snow |
| MINOR FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS/COASTAL FLOOD | High Wind |
| RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RIVER FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW/RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ICE FLOES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WAVES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW SQUALLS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW SQUALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND G50 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| LIGHTNING FIRE | Lightning |
| BLIZZARD/FREEZING RAIN | Blizzard |
| HEAVY LAKE SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW/FREEZING RAIN | Heavy Snow |
| LAKE EFFECT SNOW | Lake-Effect Snow |
| HEAVY WET SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DUST DEVIL WATERSPOUT | Dust Devil |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS/HEAVY RAIN | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTROM WINDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS LE CEN | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL 225 | Hail |
| BLIZZARD AND HEAVY SNOW | Blizzard |
| HEAVY SNOW AND ICE | Heavy Snow |
| ICE STORM AND SNOW | Ice Storm |
| HEAVY SNOW ANDBLOWING SNOW | Heavy Snow |
| HEAVY SNOW/ICE | Heavy Snow |
| BLIZZARD AND EXTREME WIND CHIL | Blizzard |
| LOW WIND CHILL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BLOWING SNOW & EXTREME WIND CH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WATERSPOUT/ | Waterspout |
| URBAN/SMALL STREAM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TORNADO F3 | Tornado |
| FUNNEL CLOUD. | Funnel Cloud |
| TORNDAO | Tornado |
| HAIL 0.88 | Hail |
| FLOOD/RIVER FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MUD SLIDES URBAN FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TORNADO F1 | Tornado |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS G | Thunderstorm Wind |
| DEEP HAIL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GLAZE/ICE STORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW/WINTER STORM | Heavy Snow |
| AVALANCE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BLIZZARD/WINTER STORM | Blizzard |
| DUST STORM/HIGH WINDS | Dust Storm |
| ICE JAM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FOREST FIRES | Frost/Freeze |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND G60 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FROST | Frost/Freeze |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS. | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL 88 | Hail |
| HAIL 175 | Hail |
| HVY RAIN | Heavy Rain |
| HAIL 100 | Hail |
| HAIL 150 | Hail |
| HAIL 075 | Hail |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND G55 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL 125 | Hail |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS G60 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HARD FREEZE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HAIL 200 | Hail |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS FUNNEL CLOU | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 62 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| WILDFIRES | Wildfire |
| RECORD HEAT WAVE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW AND HIGH WINDS | Heavy Snow |
| HEAVY SNOW/HIGH WINDS & FLOOD | Heavy Snow |
| HAIL FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FLASH FLOOD | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HIGH WIND 70 | High Wind |
| WET SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY RAIN AND FLOOD | Heavy Rain |
| LOCAL FLASH FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 53 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLOOD/FLASH FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TORNADO/WATERSPOUT | Tornado |
| RAIN AND WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 52 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| COASTAL/TIDAL FLOOD | Coastal Flood |
| SNOW/ICE STORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BELOW NORMAL PRECIPITATION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RIP CURRENTS/HEAVY SURF | Rip Current |
| FLASH FLOOD/FLOOD | Flash Flood |
| EXCESSIVE RAIN | Heat |
| RECORD/EXCESSIVE HEAT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAT WAVES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGHT SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 69 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL DAMAGE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGHTNING DAMAGE | Lightning |
| RECORD TEMPERATURES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGHTNING AND WINDS | Lightning |
| FOG AND COLD TEMPERATURES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| OTHER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW/COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLASH FLOOD FROM ICE JAMS | Flash Flood |
| TSTM WIND G58 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MUDSLIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW SQUALLS | Heavy Snow |
| HEAVY SNOW/SQUALLS | Heavy Snow |
| HEAVY SNOW-SQUALLS | Heavy Snow |
| ICY ROADS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY MIX | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW FREEZING RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LACK OF SNOW | Lake-Effect Snow |
| SNOW/SLEET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW/FREEZING RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW DROUGHT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORMW WINDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 60 MPH | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 65MPH | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND/ TREES | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND/AWNING | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 98 MPH | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND TREES | Thunderstorm Wind |
| TORRENTIAL RAIN | Tornado |
| TORNADO F2 | Tornado |
| RIP CURRENTS | Rip Current |
| HURRICANE EMILY | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| HURRICANE GORDON | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| HURRICANE FELIX | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 MPH | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 63 MPH | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND/ TREE | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM DAMAGE TO | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 65 MPH | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLASH FLOOD - HEAVY RAIN | Flash Flood |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND. | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLASH FLOOD/ STREET | Flash Flood |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 59 MPH. | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HEAVY SNOW FREEZING RAIN | Heavy Snow |
| DAM FAILURE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM HAIL | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL 088 | Hail |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDSHAIL | Thunderstorm Wind |
| LIGHTNING WAUSEON | Lightning |
| THUDERSTORM WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ICE AND SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD COLD/FROST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| STORM FORCE WINDS | Storm Surge/Tide |
| FREEZING RAIN AND SNOW | Freezing Fog |
| FREEZING RAIN SLEET AND | Freezing Fog |
| SOUTHEAST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW & ICE | Heavy Snow |
| FREEZING DRIZZLE AND FREEZING | Freezing Fog |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS AND | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAIL/ICY ROADS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLASH FLOOD/HEAVY RAIN | Flash Flood |
| HEAVY RAIN; URBAN FLOOD WINDS; | Heavy Rain |
| HEAVY PRECIPITATION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND DAMAGE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WATER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLOOD FLASH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RAIN/WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 50 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND G52 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLOOD FLOOD/FLASH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS 52 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| SNOW SHOWERS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND G51 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HEAT WAVE DROUGHT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW/BLIZZARD/AVALANCHE | Heavy Snow |
| RECORD SNOW/COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WET WEATHER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONABLY WARM AND DRY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FREEZING RAIN SLEET AND LIGHT | Freezing Fog |
| RECORD/EXCESSIVE RAINFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TIDAL FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BEACH EROSIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND G61 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLOOD/FLASH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LOW TEMPERATURE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SLEET & FREEZING RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY RAINS/FLOODING | Heavy Rain |
| THUNDERESTORM WINDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS/FLOODING | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDEERSTORM WINDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HIGHWAY FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM W INDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HYPOTHERMIA | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLASH FLOOD/ FLOOD | Flash Flood |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 50 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNERSTORM WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY RAIN/MUDSLIDES/FLOOD | Heavy Rain |
| MUD/ROCK SLIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS/COLD | High Wind |
| BEACH EROSION/COASTAL FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD/WINDS | Cold/Wind Chill |
| SNOW/ BITTER COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND 56 | Thunderstorm Wind |
| SNOW SLEET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY HOT WEATHER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD WEATHER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RAPIDLY RISING WATER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HAIL ALOFT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EARLY FREEZE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ICE/STRONG WINDS | Ice Storm |
| EXTREME WIND CHILL/BLOWING SNO | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| SNOW/HIGH WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WINDS/SNOW | High Wind |
| EARLY FROST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOWMELT FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW AND STRONG WINDS | Heavy Snow |
| SNOW ACCUMULATION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BLOWING SNOW/EXTREME WIND CHIL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW/ ICE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW/BLOWING SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TORNADOES | Tornado |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND/HAIL | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLASH FLOODING/FLOOD | Flash Flood |
| HAIL 275 | Hail |
| HAIL 450 | Hail |
| FLASH FLOOODING | Flash Flood |
| EXCESSIVE RAINFALL | Heat |
| THUNDERSTORMW | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HAILSTORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BEACH FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HAILSTORMS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTMW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FUNNELS | Funnel Cloud |
| TSTM WIND 65) | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS/ FLOOD | Thunderstorm Wind |
| HEAVY RAINFALL | Heavy Rain |
| HEAT/DROUGHT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAT DROUGHT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| NEAR RECORD SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LANDSLIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WIND AND SEAS | High Wind |
| THUNDERSTORMWINDS | Thunderstorm Wind |
| THUNDERSTORM WINDS HEAVY RAIN | Thunderstorm Wind |
| SLEET/SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EXCESSIVE | Heat |
| SNOW/SLEET/RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WILD/FOREST FIRES | Wildfire |
| HEAVY SEAS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DUSTSTORM | Dust Storm |
| FLOOD & HEAVY RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ? | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTROM WIND | Thunderstorm Wind |
| FLOOD/FLASHFLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW AND COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HOT PATTERN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| PROLONG COLD/SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BRUSH FIRES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WINTER MIX | Winter Storm |
| EXCESSIVE PRECIPITATION | Heat |
| SNOWFALL RECORD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HOT/DRY PATTERN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY PATTERN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MILD/DRY PATTERN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MILD PATTERN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LANDSLIDES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SHOWERS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SNOW AND | Heavy Snow |
| HIGH WIND 48 | High Wind |
| LAKE-EFFECT SNOW | Lake-Effect Snow |
| BRUSH FIRE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WATERSPOUT FUNNEL CLOUD | Waterspout |
| URBAN SMALL STREAM FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SAHARAN DUST | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SHOWER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN FLOOD LANDSLIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY SWELLS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN SMALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN FLOODS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SMALL STREAM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY RAIN/URBAN FLOOD | Heavy Rain |
| FLASH FLOOD/LANDSLIDE | Flash Flood |
| LANDSLIDE/URBAN FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY RAIN/SMALL STREAM URBAN | Heavy Rain |
| FLASH FLOOD LANDSLIDES | Flash Flood |
| EXTREME WINDCHILL | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| URBAN/SML STREAM FLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND/HAIL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Other | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record dry month | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Temperature record | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Minor Flooding | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Ice jam flood (minor | Non-NWS Event Type |
| High Wind | High Wind |
| Tstm Wind | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ROUGH SURF | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Wind | Wind |
| Heavy Surf | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Dust Devil | Dust Devil |
| Wind Damage | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Marine Accident | Marine High Wind |
| Snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Freeze | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Snow Squalls | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Coastal Flooding | Coastal Flood |
| Heavy Rain | Heavy Rain |
| Strong Wind | Storm Surge/Tide |
| COASTAL STORM | Coastal Flood |
| COASTALFLOOD | Coastal Flood |
| Erosion/Cstl Flood | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Heavy Rain and Wind | Heavy Rain |
| Light Snow/Flurries | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Wet Month | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Wet Year | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Tidal Flooding | Non-NWS Event Type |
| River Flooding | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Damaging Freeze | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Beach Erosion | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Hot and Dry | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Flood/Flash Flood | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Icy Roads | Non-NWS Event Type |
| High Surf | High Surf |
| Heavy Rain/High Surf | Heavy Rain |
| Thunderstorm Wind | Thunderstorm Wind |
| Rain Damage | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Unseasonable Cold | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Early Frost | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Wintry Mix | Winter Storm |
| blowing snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| STREET FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record Cold | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Extreme Cold | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| Ice Fog | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Excessive Cold | Heat |
| Torrential Rainfall | Tornado |
| Freezing Rain | Freezing Fog |
| Landslump | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Late-season Snowfall | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Hurricane Edouard | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| Coastal Storm | Coastal Flood |
| Flood | Flood |
| HEAVY RAIN/WIND | Heavy Rain |
| TIDAL FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Winter Weather | Winter Storm |
| Snow squalls | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Strong Winds | Storm Surge/Tide |
| Strong winds | Storm Surge/Tide |
| RECORD WARM TEMPS. | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Ice/Snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Mudslide | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Glaze | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Extended Cold | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Snow Accumulation | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Freezing Fog | Freezing Fog |
| Drifting Snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Whirlwind | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Heavy snow shower | Heavy Snow |
| Heavy rain | Heavy Rain |
| LATE SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record May Snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record Winter Snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Heavy Precipitation | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COASTAL FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record temperature | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Light snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Late Season Snowfall | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Gusty Wind | Non-NWS Event Type |
| small hail | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Light Snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MIXED PRECIP | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Black Ice | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Mudslides | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Gradient wind | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Snow and Ice | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Freezing Spray | Freezing Fog |
| Summary Jan 17 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of March 14 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of March 23 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of March 24 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of April 3rd | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of April 12 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of April 13 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of April 21 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 11 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of April 27 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 9-10 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 10 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 13 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 14 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 22 am | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 22 pm | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Heatburst | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 26 am | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 26 pm | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Metro Storm, May 26 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 31 am | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 31 pm | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 3 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 4 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary June 5-6 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary June 6 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 11 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 12 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 13 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 15 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 16 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary June 18-19 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 23 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 24 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 30 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of July 2 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of July 3 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of July 11 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of July 22 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary July 23-24 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of July 26 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of July 29 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of August 1 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 2-3 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 7 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 9 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 10 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 17 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 21 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 28 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary September 4 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary September 20 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary September 23 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary Sept. 25-26 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary: Oct. 20-21 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary: October 31 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary: Nov. 6-7 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary: Nov. 16 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Microburst | Non-NWS Event Type |
| wet micoburst | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Hail(0.75) | Hail |
| Funnel Cloud | Funnel Cloud |
| Urban Flooding | Non-NWS Event Type |
| No Severe Weather | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Urban flood | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Urban Flood | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Cold | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of May 22 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 6 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary August 4 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 10 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary of June 18 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary September 3 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Summary: Sept. 18 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Coastal Flood | Coastal Flood |
| coastal flooding | Coastal Flood |
| Small Hail | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record Temperatures | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Light Snowfall | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Freezing Drizzle | Freezing Fog |
| Gusty wind/rain | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GUSTY WIND/HVY RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Blowing Snow | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Early snowfall | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Monthly Snowfall | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record Heat | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Seasonal Snowfall | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Monthly Rainfall | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Cold Temperature | Cold/Wind Chill |
| Sml Stream Fld | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Heat Wave | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MUDSLIDE/LANDSLIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Saharan Dust | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Volcanic Ash | Volcanic Ash |
| Volcanic Ash Plume | Volcanic Ash |
| Thundersnow shower | Thunderstorm Wind |
| NONE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD AND SNOW | Cold/Wind Chill |
| DAM BREAK | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND (G45) | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SLEET/FREEZING RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BLACK ICE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BLOW-OUT TIDES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONABLY COOL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM HEAVY RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Gusty Winds | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GUSTY WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND 40 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND 45 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND (41) | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND (G40) | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Wintry mix | Winter Storm |
| TSTM WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Frost | Frost/Freeze |
| Frost/Freeze | Frost/Freeze |
| RAIN (HEAVY) | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record Warmth | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Prolong Cold | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Cold and Frost | Cold/Wind Chill |
| URBAN/SML STREAM FLDG | Non-NWS Event Type |
| STRONG WIND GUST | Storm Surge/Tide |
| LATE FREEZE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BLOW-OUT TIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Hypothermia/Exposure | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HYPOTHERMIA/EXPOSURE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Lake Effect Snow | Lake-Effect Snow |
| Mixed Precipitation | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Record High | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COASTALSTORM | Coastal Flood |
| Snow and sleet | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Freezing rain | Freezing Fog |
| Gusty winds | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Blizzard Summary | Blizzard |
| SUMMARY OF MARCH 24-25 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SUMMARY OF MARCH 27 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SUMMARY OF MARCH 29 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GRADIENT WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Icestorm/Blizzard | Ice Storm |
| Flood/Strong Wind | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND AND LIGHTNING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| gradient wind | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Freezing drizzle | Freezing Fog |
| Mountain Snows | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN/SMALL STRM FLDG | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Heavy surf and wind | Non-NWS Event Type |
| Mild and Dry Pattern | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD AND FROST | Cold/Wind Chill |
| TYPHOON | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH SWELLS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH SWELLS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| VOLCANIC ASH | Volcanic Ash |
| DRY SPELL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGHTNING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BEACH EROSION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONAL RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EARLY RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| PROLONGED RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WINTERY MIX | Winter Storm |
| COASTAL FLOODING/EROSION | Coastal Flood |
| HOT SPELL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONABLY HOT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND (G45) | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND (G45) | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH WIND (G40) | High Wind |
| TSTM WIND (G35) | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY WEATHER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ABNORMAL WARMTH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNUSUAL WARMTH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WAKE LOW WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MONTHLY RAINFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COLD TEMPERATURES | Cold/Wind Chill |
| COLD WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES | Cold/Wind Chill |
| MODERATE SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MODERATE SNOWFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| URBAN/STREET FLOODING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COASTAL EROSION | Coastal Flood |
| UNUSUAL/RECORD WARMTH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BITTER WIND CHILL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| BITTER WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SEICHE | Seiche |
| TSTM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| COASTAL FLOODING/EROSION | Coastal Flood |
| UNSEASONABLY WARM YEAR | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HYPERTHERMIA/EXPOSURE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ROCK SLIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ICE PELLETS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| PATCHY DENSE FOG | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD COOL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD WARM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HOT WEATHER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD TEMPERATURE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TROPICAL DEPRESSION | Tropical Depression |
| VOLCANIC ERUPTION | Volcanic Ash |
| COOL SPELL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WIND ADVISORY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GUSTY WIND/HAIL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RED FLAG FIRE WX | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FIRST FROST | Frost/Freeze |
| EXCESSIVELY DRY | Heat |
| SNOW AND SLEET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGHT SNOW/FREEZING PRECIP | Non-NWS Event Type |
| VOG | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MONTHLY PRECIPITATION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MONTHLY TEMPERATURE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD DRYNESS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EXTREME WINDCHILL TEMPERATURES | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| MIXED PRECIPITATION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRY CONDITIONS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| REMNANTS OF FLOYD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EARLY SNOWFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FREEZING FOG | Freezing Fog |
| LANDSPOUT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DRIEST MONTH | Drought |
| RECORD COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LATE SEASON HAIL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EXCESSIVE SNOW | Heat |
| DRYNESS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLOOD/FLASH/FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WIND AND WAVE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LIGHT FREEZING RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MONTHLY SNOWFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD PRECIPITATION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ICE ROADS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ROUGH SEAS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONABLY WARM/WET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONABLY COOL & WET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNUSUALLY WARM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TSTM WIND G45 | Non-NWS Event Type |
| NON SEVERE HAIL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| NON-SEVERE WIND DAMAGE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNUSUALLY COLD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WARM WEATHER | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LANDSLUMP | Non-NWS Event Type |
| THUNDERSTORM WIND (G40) | Thunderstorm Wind |
| UNSEASONABLY WARM & WET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FLASH FLOOD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| LOCALLY HEAVY RAIN | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WIND GUSTS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| UNSEASONAL LOW TEMP | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HIGH SURF ADVISORY | High Surf |
| LATE SEASON SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GUSTY LAKE WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ABNORMALLY DRY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WINTER WEATHER MIX | Winter Storm |
| RED FLAG CRITERIA | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WND | Wind |
| CSTL FLOODING/EROSION | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SMOKE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WATERSPOUT | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SNOW ADVISORY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| EXTREMELY WET | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| UNUSUALLY LATE SNOW | Non-NWS Event Type |
| VERY DRY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| RECORD LOW RAINFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ROGUE WAVE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| PROLONG WARMTH | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ACCUMULATED SNOWFALL | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FALLING SNOW/ICE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DUST DEVEL | Dust Devil |
| NON-TSTM WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| NON TSTM WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GUSTY THUNDERSTORM WINDS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| PATCHY ICE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HEAVY RAIN EFFECTS | Heavy Rain |
| EXCESSIVE HEAT/DROUGHT | Heat |
| NORTHERN LIGHTS | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MARINE TSTM WIND | Marine Thunderstorm Wind |
| HIGH SURF ADVISORY | Non-NWS Event Type |
| HAZARDOUS SURF | Non-NWS Event Type |
| FROST/FREEZE | Frost/Freeze |
| WINTER WEATHER/MIX | Winter Storm |
| ASTRONOMICAL HIGH TIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| WHIRLWIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| VERY WARM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| ABNORMALLY WET | Non-NWS Event Type |
| TORNADO DEBRIS | Tornado |
| EXTREME COLD/WIND CHILL | Extreme Cold/Wind Chill |
| ICE ON ROAD | Non-NWS Event Type |
| DROWNING | Non-NWS Event Type |
| GUSTY THUNDERSTORM WIND | Non-NWS Event Type |
| MARINE HAIL | Marine Hail |
| HIGH SURF ADVISORIES | High Surf |
| HURRICANE/TYPHOON | Hurricane (Typhoon) |
| HEAVY SURF/HIGH SURF | Non-NWS Event Type |
| SLEET STORM | Non-NWS Event Type |
| STORM SURGE/TIDE | Storm Surge/Tide |
| COLD/WIND CHILL | Cold/Wind Chill |
| MARINE HIGH WIND | Marine High Wind |
| TSUNAMI | Tsunami |
| DENSE SMOKE | Dense Smoke |
| LAKESHORE FLOOD | Lakeshore Flood |
| MARINE THUNDERSTORM WIND | Marine Thunderstorm Wind |
| MARINE STRONG WIND | Marine High Wind |
| ASTRONOMICAL LOW TIDE | Non-NWS Event Type |
| VOLCANIC ASHFALL | Volcanic Ash |