# symbolic beliefs
x <- cbind(d$symbolic_beliefs_1, d$symbolic_beliefs_2, d$symbolic_beliefs_3)
d$avgSymbBelief <- rowMeans(x, na.rm = T)
d$avgSymbBelief[d$avgSymbBelief == "NaN"] <- NA
d$avgSymbBelief.c <- d$avgSymbBelief - mean(d$avgSymbBelief, na.rm = T)
# media index
d$index_ANexp_w1.c <- d$index_ANexp_w1 - mean(d$index_ANexp_w1, na.rm = T)
d$index_ANexp_w2.c <- d$index_ANexp_w2 - mean(d$index_ANexp_w2, na.rm = T)
d$index_ANexp_w3.c <- d$index_ANexp_w3 - mean(d$index_ANexp_w3, na.rm = T)
# educatoin and SES
d$education.c <- d$education - mean(d$education, na.rm = T)
# trust in science
x <- cbind(d$sciTrust_1,
d$sciTrust_2,
d$sciTrust_3,
d$sciTrust_4,
d$sciTrust_5,
d$sciTrust_6,
d$sciTrust_7,
d$sciTrust_8,
d$sciTrust_9,
d$sciTrust_10,
d$sciTrust_11,
d$sciTrust_12,
d$sciTrust_13,
d$sciTrust_14,
d$sciTrust_15)
d$avgTrustSci <- rowMeans(x, na.rm = T)
d$avgTrustSci[d$avgTrustSci == "NaN"] <- NA
d$avgTrustSci.c <- d$avgTrustSci - mean(d$avgTrustSci, na.rm = T)
d$white_1 <- NA
d$white_1[d$race == 1] <- 0
d$white_1[d$race == 2] <- 0
d$white_1[d$race == 3] <- 0
d$white_1[d$race == 4] <- 0
d$white_1[d$race == 5] <- 0
d$white_1[d$race == 6] <- 1
#exclude over/under aged pts
d$age <- as.numeric(d$age)
d$age[d$age > 120] <- NA #no pts > 120
d <- d[is.na(d$age) | d$age > 17,] #no pts < 17 and no NAs
d$age.c <- d$age - mean(d$age, na.rm = T)
ANALYSES
mediation path: analytical media -> trust in science ->
vaccine behaviors
1. including age, ethnicity, & education
without interaction
summary(model.xm <- lm(avgTrustSci.c ~ index_ANexp_w3.c + avgSymbBelief.c +
age.c + white_1 + education.c, data = d))
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = avgTrustSci.c ~ index_ANexp_w3.c + avgSymbBelief.c +
## age.c + white_1 + education.c, data = d)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.38361 -0.45205 -0.00018 0.51664 1.77369
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -0.1682559 0.0450496 -3.735 0.000199 ***
## index_ANexp_w3.c 0.0006579 0.0003423 1.922 0.054922 .
## avgSymbBelief.c -0.2248660 0.0140743 -15.977 < 2e-16 ***
## age.c 0.0069866 0.0016073 4.347 1.53e-05 ***
## white_1 0.2186464 0.0538765 4.058 5.34e-05 ***
## education.c 0.0303636 0.0087332 3.477 0.000530 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.7169 on 979 degrees of freedom
## (2641 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2426, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2387
## F-statistic: 62.71 on 5 and 979 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
summary(model.xmy <- lm(vaxxBehavior ~ avgTrustSci.c + index_ANexp_w3.c + avgSymbBelief.c +
age.c + white_1 + education.c, data = d))
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = vaxxBehavior ~ avgTrustSci.c + index_ANexp_w3.c +
## avgSymbBelief.c + age.c + white_1 + education.c, data = d)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.6576 -0.4639 0.2702 0.6859 2.1453
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3.326429 0.064265 51.761 < 2e-16 ***
## avgTrustSci.c 0.437943 0.045356 9.656 < 2e-16 ***
## index_ANexp_w3.c 0.003315 0.000488 6.794 1.89e-11 ***
## avgSymbBelief.c -0.052354 0.022424 -2.335 0.019762 *
## age.c 0.014022 0.002298 6.102 1.51e-09 ***
## white_1 -0.204531 0.077050 -2.655 0.008072 **
## education.c 0.041400 0.012445 3.327 0.000911 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.015 on 976 degrees of freedom
## (2643 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2436, Adjusted R-squared: 0.239
## F-statistic: 52.39 on 6 and 976 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
with interaction
summary(model.xm <- lm(avgTrustSci.c ~ index_ANexp_w3.c * avgSymbBelief.c +
age.c + white_1 + education.c, data = d))
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = avgTrustSci.c ~ index_ANexp_w3.c * avgSymbBelief.c +
## age.c + white_1 + education.c, data = d)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.38535 -0.47918 -0.00555 0.51378 1.79664
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -0.1565650 0.0451010 -3.471 0.000540 ***
## index_ANexp_w3.c 0.0007471 0.0003427 2.180 0.029508 *
## avgSymbBelief.c -0.2243094 0.0140289 -15.989 < 2e-16 ***
## age.c 0.0073454 0.0016073 4.570 5.50e-06 ***
## white_1 0.2235030 0.0537264 4.160 3.46e-05 ***
## education.c 0.0288002 0.0087227 3.302 0.000996 ***
## index_ANexp_w3.c:avgSymbBelief.c 0.0005065 0.0001844 2.747 0.006121 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.7145 on 978 degrees of freedom
## (2641 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2484, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2438
## F-statistic: 53.87 on 6 and 978 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
summary(model.xmy <- lm(vaxxBehavior ~ (avgTrustSci.c + index_ANexp_w3.c) * avgSymbBelief.c +
age.c + white_1 + education.c, data = d))
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = vaxxBehavior ~ (avgTrustSci.c + index_ANexp_w3.c) *
## avgSymbBelief.c + age.c + white_1 + education.c, data = d)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.3707 -0.3907 0.2518 0.6559 2.2354
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3.3625717 0.0650223 51.714 < 2e-16 ***
## avgTrustSci.c 0.4237276 0.0453573 9.342 < 2e-16 ***
## index_ANexp_w3.c 0.0033594 0.0004884 6.878 1.08e-11 ***
## avgSymbBelief.c -0.0562735 0.0223690 -2.516 0.01204 *
## age.c 0.0147093 0.0022981 6.401 2.40e-10 ***
## white_1 -0.1886669 0.0768662 -2.454 0.01428 *
## education.c 0.0407214 0.0124123 3.281 0.00107 **
## avgTrustSci.c:avgSymbBelief.c 0.0487120 0.0227414 2.142 0.03244 *
## index_ANexp_w3.c:avgSymbBelief.c 0.0006070 0.0002662 2.280 0.02280 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.01 on 974 degrees of freedom
## (2643 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.252, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2458
## F-statistic: 41.01 on 8 and 974 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
sobel test 1: Main effect (no interaction model)
sobel test 3: Main effect (interaction model)
2. including ONLY age & education
without interaction
summary(model.xm <- lm(avgTrustSci.c ~ index_ANexp_w3.c + avgSymbBelief.c +
age.c + education.c, data = d))
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = avgTrustSci.c ~ index_ANexp_w3.c + avgSymbBelief.c +
## age.c + education.c, data = d)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.34243 -0.46201 -0.00436 0.51287 1.77456
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -0.0159112 0.0240257 -0.662 0.507961
## index_ANexp_w3.c 0.0003895 0.0003367 1.157 0.247635
## avgSymbBelief.c -0.2196552 0.0140541 -15.629 < 2e-16 ***
## age.c 0.0070894 0.0016068 4.412 1.14e-05 ***
## education.c 0.0308629 0.0088048 3.505 0.000477 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.7247 on 988 degrees of freedom
## (2633 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2305, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2274
## F-statistic: 74 on 4 and 988 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
summary(model.xmy <- lm(vaxxBehavior ~ avgTrustSci.c + index_ANexp_w3.c + avgSymbBelief.c +
age.c + education.c, data = d))
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = vaxxBehavior ~ avgTrustSci.c + index_ANexp_w3.c +
## avgSymbBelief.c + age.c + education.c, data = d)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.5638 -0.4874 0.2673 0.7109 2.0821
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3.175867 0.033983 93.455 < 2e-16 ***
## avgTrustSci.c 0.430198 0.045040 9.551 < 2e-16 ***
## index_ANexp_w3.c 0.003687 0.000478 7.713 2.99e-14 ***
## avgSymbBelief.c -0.061078 0.022217 -2.749 0.00608 **
## age.c 0.012671 0.002293 5.525 4.23e-08 ***
## education.c 0.040679 0.012523 3.248 0.00120 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.024 on 985 degrees of freedom
## (2635 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.238, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2341
## F-statistic: 61.52 on 5 and 985 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
with interaction
summary(model.xm <- lm(avgTrustSci.c ~ index_ANexp_w3.c * avgSymbBelief.c +
age.c + education.c, data = d))
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = avgTrustSci.c ~ index_ANexp_w3.c * avgSymbBelief.c +
## age.c + education.c, data = d)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -2.34609 -0.47600 -0.00753 0.52069 1.83684
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -0.0006880 0.0245878 -0.028 0.977682
## index_ANexp_w3.c 0.0004708 0.0003370 1.397 0.162612
## avgSymbBelief.c -0.2187190 0.0140125 -15.609 < 2e-16 ***
## age.c 0.0074815 0.0016080 4.653 3.72e-06 ***
## education.c 0.0293542 0.0087936 3.338 0.000875 ***
## index_ANexp_w3.c:avgSymbBelief.c 0.0005073 0.0001858 2.731 0.006428 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.7224 on 987 degrees of freedom
## (2633 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2363, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2324
## F-statistic: 61.08 on 5 and 987 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
summary(model.xmy <- lm(vaxxBehavior ~ (avgTrustSci.c + index_ANexp_w3.c) * avgSymbBelief.c +
age.c + education.c, data = d))
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = vaxxBehavior ~ (avgTrustSci.c + index_ANexp_w3.c) *
## avgSymbBelief.c + age.c + education.c, data = d)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.2796 -0.4031 0.2571 0.6571 2.1900
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3.2234797 0.0370860 86.919 < 2e-16 ***
## avgTrustSci.c 0.4154318 0.0450532 9.221 < 2e-16 ***
## index_ANexp_w3.c 0.0037074 0.0004787 7.745 2.38e-14 ***
## avgSymbBelief.c -0.0639515 0.0221452 -2.888 0.00396 **
## age.c 0.0134682 0.0022963 5.865 6.13e-09 ***
## education.c 0.0402301 0.0124922 3.220 0.00132 **
## avgTrustSci.c:avgSymbBelief.c 0.0480043 0.0226707 2.117 0.03447 *
## index_ANexp_w3.c:avgSymbBelief.c 0.0006213 0.0002680 2.319 0.02063 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.019 on 983 degrees of freedom
## (2635 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2465, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2411
## F-statistic: 45.93 on 7 and 983 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
sobel test 1: Main effect (no interaction model; exclude
ethnicity)
sobel test 3: Main effect (interaction model; exclude
ethnicity)
