###Installar base de datos gapminder: install.packages("gapminder")
###Cargar base de datos a nuestras sesion
library("gapminder")

gapminder->gapminder
print(gapminder)
## # A tibble: 1,704 × 6
##    country     continent  year lifeExp      pop gdpPercap
##    <fct>       <fct>     <int>   <dbl>    <int>     <dbl>
##  1 Afghanistan Asia       1952    28.8  8425333      779.
##  2 Afghanistan Asia       1957    30.3  9240934      821.
##  3 Afghanistan Asia       1962    32.0 10267083      853.
##  4 Afghanistan Asia       1967    34.0 11537966      836.
##  5 Afghanistan Asia       1972    36.1 13079460      740.
##  6 Afghanistan Asia       1977    38.4 14880372      786.
##  7 Afghanistan Asia       1982    39.9 12881816      978.
##  8 Afghanistan Asia       1987    40.8 13867957      852.
##  9 Afghanistan Asia       1992    41.7 16317921      649.
## 10 Afghanistan Asia       1997    41.8 22227415      635.
## # … with 1,694 more rows
##Carga dplyr
library (dplyr)
## 
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
###Primer exploracion de nuestro data frame gapminder

glimpse(gapminder)
## Rows: 1,704
## Columns: 6
## $ country   <fct> "Afghanistan", "Afghanistan", "Afghanistan", "Afghanistan", …
## $ continent <fct> Asia, Asia, Asia, Asia, Asia, Asia, Asia, Asia, Asia, Asia, …
## $ year      <int> 1952, 1957, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997, …
## $ lifeExp   <dbl> 28.801, 30.332, 31.997, 34.020, 36.088, 38.438, 39.854, 40.8…
## $ pop       <int> 8425333, 9240934, 10267083, 11537966, 13079460, 14880372, 12…
## $ gdpPercap <dbl> 779.4453, 820.8530, 853.1007, 836.1971, 739.9811, 786.1134, …
###Filtar datadrame segun una condicion numerica
gapminder%>%
  filter(year==1952)
## # A tibble: 142 × 6
##    country     continent  year lifeExp      pop gdpPercap
##    <fct>       <fct>     <int>   <dbl>    <int>     <dbl>
##  1 Afghanistan Asia       1952    28.8  8425333      779.
##  2 Albania     Europe     1952    55.2  1282697     1601.
##  3 Algeria     Africa     1952    43.1  9279525     2449.
##  4 Angola      Africa     1952    30.0  4232095     3521.
##  5 Argentina   Americas   1952    62.5 17876956     5911.
##  6 Australia   Oceania    1952    69.1  8691212    10040.
##  7 Austria     Europe     1952    66.8  6927772     6137.
##  8 Bahrain     Asia       1952    50.9   120447     9867.
##  9 Bangladesh  Asia       1952    37.5 46886859      684.
## 10 Belgium     Europe     1952    68    8730405     8343.
## # … with 132 more rows
###Filtar datadrame segun una condicion de tipo texto
gapminder%>%
  filter(country=="El Salvador")
## # A tibble: 12 × 6
##    country     continent  year lifeExp     pop gdpPercap
##    <fct>       <fct>     <int>   <dbl>   <int>     <dbl>
##  1 El Salvador Americas   1952    45.3 2042865     3048.
##  2 El Salvador Americas   1957    48.6 2355805     3422.
##  3 El Salvador Americas   1962    52.3 2747687     3777.
##  4 El Salvador Americas   1967    55.9 3232927     4359.
##  5 El Salvador Americas   1972    58.2 3790903     4520.
##  6 El Salvador Americas   1977    56.7 4282586     5139.
##  7 El Salvador Americas   1982    56.6 4474873     4098.
##  8 El Salvador Americas   1987    63.2 4842194     4140.
##  9 El Salvador Americas   1992    66.8 5274649     4444.
## 10 El Salvador Americas   1997    69.5 5783439     5155.
## 11 El Salvador Americas   2002    70.7 6353681     5352.
## 12 El Salvador Americas   2007    71.9 6939688     5728.
##reordenar datos segun una variable de menor a mayor
gapminder%>%
  arrange(gdpPercap)
## # A tibble: 1,704 × 6
##    country          continent  year lifeExp      pop gdpPercap
##    <fct>            <fct>     <int>   <dbl>    <int>     <dbl>
##  1 Congo, Dem. Rep. Africa     2002    45.0 55379852      241.
##  2 Congo, Dem. Rep. Africa     2007    46.5 64606759      278.
##  3 Lesotho          Africa     1952    42.1   748747      299.
##  4 Guinea-Bissau    Africa     1952    32.5   580653      300.
##  5 Congo, Dem. Rep. Africa     1997    42.6 47798986      312.
##  6 Eritrea          Africa     1952    35.9  1438760      329.
##  7 Myanmar          Asia       1952    36.3 20092996      331 
##  8 Lesotho          Africa     1957    45.0   813338      336.
##  9 Burundi          Africa     1952    39.0  2445618      339.
## 10 Eritrea          Africa     1957    38.0  1542611      344.
## # … with 1,694 more rows
##reordenar datos segun una variable de mayor a menor
gapminder%>%
  arrange(desc(gdpPercap))
## # A tibble: 1,704 × 6
##    country   continent  year lifeExp     pop gdpPercap
##    <fct>     <fct>     <int>   <dbl>   <int>     <dbl>
##  1 Kuwait    Asia       1957    58.0  212846   113523.
##  2 Kuwait    Asia       1972    67.7  841934   109348.
##  3 Kuwait    Asia       1952    55.6  160000   108382.
##  4 Kuwait    Asia       1962    60.5  358266    95458.
##  5 Kuwait    Asia       1967    64.6  575003    80895.
##  6 Kuwait    Asia       1977    69.3 1140357    59265.
##  7 Norway    Europe     2007    80.2 4627926    49357.
##  8 Kuwait    Asia       2007    77.6 2505559    47307.
##  9 Singapore Asia       2007    80.0 4553009    47143.
## 10 Norway    Europe     2002    79.0 4535591    44684.
## # … with 1,694 more rows
###manipular data frame segun dos condiciones
gapminder%>%
  filter(year==2007 & continent=="Americas")%>%
  arrange(desc(gdpPercap))%>%
  print(n=100)
## # A tibble: 25 × 6
##    country             continent  year lifeExp       pop gdpPercap
##    <fct>               <fct>     <int>   <dbl>     <int>     <dbl>
##  1 United States       Americas   2007    78.2 301139947    42952.
##  2 Canada              Americas   2007    80.7  33390141    36319.
##  3 Puerto Rico         Americas   2007    78.7   3942491    19329.
##  4 Trinidad and Tobago Americas   2007    69.8   1056608    18009.
##  5 Chile               Americas   2007    78.6  16284741    13172.
##  6 Argentina           Americas   2007    75.3  40301927    12779.
##  7 Mexico              Americas   2007    76.2 108700891    11978.
##  8 Venezuela           Americas   2007    73.7  26084662    11416.
##  9 Uruguay             Americas   2007    76.4   3447496    10611.
## 10 Panama              Americas   2007    75.5   3242173     9809.
## 11 Costa Rica          Americas   2007    78.8   4133884     9645.
## 12 Brazil              Americas   2007    72.4 190010647     9066.
## 13 Cuba                Americas   2007    78.3  11416987     8948.
## 14 Peru                Americas   2007    71.4  28674757     7409.
## 15 Jamaica             Americas   2007    72.6   2780132     7321.
## 16 Colombia            Americas   2007    72.9  44227550     7007.
## 17 Ecuador             Americas   2007    75.0  13755680     6873.
## 18 Dominican Republic  Americas   2007    72.2   9319622     6025.
## 19 El Salvador         Americas   2007    71.9   6939688     5728.
## 20 Guatemala           Americas   2007    70.3  12572928     5186.
## 21 Paraguay            Americas   2007    71.8   6667147     4173.
## 22 Bolivia             Americas   2007    65.6   9119152     3822.
## 23 Honduras            Americas   2007    70.2   7483763     3548.
## 24 Nicaragua           Americas   2007    72.9   5675356     2749.
## 25 Haiti               Americas   2007    60.9   8502814     1202.
##crear una nuevo data frame 
gapminder_Americas_2007<- gapminder%>%
  filter(year==2007 & continent=="Americas")%>%
  arrange(desc(gdpPercap))%>%
  print(n=100)
## # A tibble: 25 × 6
##    country             continent  year lifeExp       pop gdpPercap
##    <fct>               <fct>     <int>   <dbl>     <int>     <dbl>
##  1 United States       Americas   2007    78.2 301139947    42952.
##  2 Canada              Americas   2007    80.7  33390141    36319.
##  3 Puerto Rico         Americas   2007    78.7   3942491    19329.
##  4 Trinidad and Tobago Americas   2007    69.8   1056608    18009.
##  5 Chile               Americas   2007    78.6  16284741    13172.
##  6 Argentina           Americas   2007    75.3  40301927    12779.
##  7 Mexico              Americas   2007    76.2 108700891    11978.
##  8 Venezuela           Americas   2007    73.7  26084662    11416.
##  9 Uruguay             Americas   2007    76.4   3447496    10611.
## 10 Panama              Americas   2007    75.5   3242173     9809.
## 11 Costa Rica          Americas   2007    78.8   4133884     9645.
## 12 Brazil              Americas   2007    72.4 190010647     9066.
## 13 Cuba                Americas   2007    78.3  11416987     8948.
## 14 Peru                Americas   2007    71.4  28674757     7409.
## 15 Jamaica             Americas   2007    72.6   2780132     7321.
## 16 Colombia            Americas   2007    72.9  44227550     7007.
## 17 Ecuador             Americas   2007    75.0  13755680     6873.
## 18 Dominican Republic  Americas   2007    72.2   9319622     6025.
## 19 El Salvador         Americas   2007    71.9   6939688     5728.
## 20 Guatemala           Americas   2007    70.3  12572928     5186.
## 21 Paraguay            Americas   2007    71.8   6667147     4173.
## 22 Bolivia             Americas   2007    65.6   9119152     3822.
## 23 Honduras            Americas   2007    70.2   7483763     3548.
## 24 Nicaragua           Americas   2007    72.9   5675356     2749.
## 25 Haiti               Americas   2007    60.9   8502814     1202.