Flip Assignment

Flip Assigment Description

For this Flip Assigment, we need to download the .csv file into a variable and separate the data in terms of sex

The code below shows how to do it:

dat <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tmatis12/datafiles/main/normtemp.csv")

dat_male <- dat[1:65,]
dat_fem <- dat[66:130,]

Printing Descriptive Statitics

The code below prints the descriptive statistics:

Males Descriptive Statistics

print(min(dat_male$Beats))

## [1] 58

print(max(dat_male$Beats))

## [1] 86

print(mean(dat_male$Beats))

## [1] 73.36923

print(sd(dat_male$Beats))

## [1] 5.875184

print(median(dat_male$Beats))

## [1] 73

print(quantile(dat_male$Beats))

##   0%  25%  50%  75% 100% 
##   58   70   73   78   86

hist(dat_male$Beats
     ,main="Male Resting Beats"
     ,col="blue"
     ,xlab="Resting Beats")

qqnorm(dat_male$Beats,
       main="Male Resting Beats Norm Plot",
       xlab="Normal Quantities",
       ylab="Heart Beats")

Females Descriptive Statistics

print(min(dat_fem$Beats))

## [1] 57

print(max(dat_fem$Beats))

## [1] 89

print(mean(dat_fem$Beats))

## [1] 74.15385

print(sd(dat_fem$Beats))

## [1] 8.105227

print(median(dat_fem$Beats))

## [1] 76

print(quantile(dat_fem$Beats))

##   0%  25%  50%  75% 100% 
##   57   68   76   80   89

hist(dat_fem$Beats
     ,main="Female Resting Beats"
     ,col="pink"
     ,xlab="Resting Beats")

qqnorm(dat_fem$Beats,
       main="Female Resting Beats Norm Plot",
       xlab="Normal Quantities",
       ylab="Heart Beats")

Comparision between boxplots

boxplot(dat_male$Beats, dat_fem$Beats,
        names=c("Male","Female"),
        main="Side-by-side boxplots")

Conclusions and Results

Summary of Results

The table below shows the comparison between the values that we were able to get from the collected data:

Statistics	Males	Females
Minimum	58	57
Maximum	86	89
Mean	73.37	74.15
Std Dev	5.87	8.10
Median	73	76

Males Quartiles

##   0%  25%  50%  75% 100% 
##   58   70   73   78   86

Female Quartiles

##   0%  25%  50%  75% 100% 
##   57   68   76   80   89

Conclusions

When comparing the descriptive statistics, Females present higher maximum values and lower minimum values, 89 and 57 BPM respectively, besides a higher median, 76 BPM. However, it is important to state that the difference between minimum values between males and females is not that high (1 BPM of difference).

Considering the mean and std values, it is not possible see a huge difference between means, but females present higher STD values, of 8.10 BPM.

All these information are well summarized in the box plot. Where it is possible to see that the std and maximum values discrepancies, by checking the difference in height of the box and the upper whisker, respectively.

Regarding the normal plots, it is possible to conclude that both data are approximately normal, because they almost follow a line. But, when we look at the histogram of female subjects, this conclusion does not appear to be correct, differently for males.

Complete Code

dat <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tmatis12/datafiles/main/normtemp.csv")

dat_male <- dat[1:65,]
dat_fem <- dat[66:130,]


#-------------- Male Data 


print(min(dat_male$Beats))
print(max(dat_male$Beats))
print(mean(dat_male$Beats))
print(sd(dat_male$Beats))
print(median(dat_male$Beats))
print(quantile(dat_male$Beats))

hist(dat_male$Beats
     ,main="Male Resting Beats"
     ,col="green"
     ,xlab="Resting Beats")

qqnorm(dat_male$Beats,
       main="Male Beats Normal Distribution",
       xlab="Normal Quantities",
       ylab="Heart Beats")

#-------------- Female Data 

print(min(dat_fem$Beats))
print(max(dat_fem$Beats))
print(mean(dat_fem$Beats))
print(sd(dat_fem$Beats))
print(median(dat_fem$Beats))
print(quantile(dat_fem$Beats))

hist(dat_fem$Beats
     ,main="Female Resting Beats"
     ,col="pink"
     ,xlab="Resting Beats")

qqnorm(dat_fem$Beats,
       main="Female Beats Normal Distribution",
       xlab="Normal Quantities",
       ylab="Heart Beats")

#-------------- Box Plots

boxplot(dat_male$Beats, dat_fem$Beats,
        names=c("Male","Female"),
        main="Side-by-side boxplots")