Quantitative Study in Ed Leadership

Load the Data

Articles By Year

From the Chart:

• 1, Generally increase.

• 2, Higher, lower, higher, lower…

• 3, Highest Year 2014 = 28 Studies, whereas lowest year 2012 = 4 Studies.

Articles By Journal

Takeouts:

• 1, Journal with the most number of quantitative studies: Journal of Educational Administration (53)

• 2, Journal with the least number of quantitative studies: International Studies in Educational Administration (5) School Effectiveness and School Improvement (6)

• 3, On average, each journal published 25.5 quantitative articles in 10 years period. Each journal published 2.55 articles each year. The standard deviation is 17.08, indicating there is a huge difference between quantitative-method friendly journal comparing to qualitative-method preferred journal in their published quantitative article numbers.

Articles by Popular Author

## 
##                         Aas et al                        Adil et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                      Airola et al                     Akbulut et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                 Al-Husseini et al                    Al-Mahdy et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##               Aliakbari & Sadeghi                     Angelle et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                     Anthony et al                       Antoniou&Lu 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Arar et al                         Bae et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                           Balwant                     Balwant et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                     Barakat et al                     Baroudi et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                             Beard                    Bellibas et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                   Bellibas et al.                   Bellibaş et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                         Berkovich                  Berkovich & Eyal 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                       Biltz et al                      Boberg et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                       Boyce et al                          Bredeson 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                       Brent et al                       Brown et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                             Buske                       Cerni et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                              Chan                          Chen&Guo 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                           Cravens                     Cravens et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                     Damanik et al                  Doraiswamy et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Dou et al.                          Edelberg 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Eman et al                        Eyal et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Ford et al                      Fromm et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                    Gannouni et al                      Gkolia et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                   Gochhayat et al                     Goddard et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Goff et al                    Goldring et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                Goldring et al (M)                        Gong et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                   Griffioen et al                       Gumus et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Hairon&Goh                   Hallinger et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                  Hallinger et al.            Harju-Luukkainen et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##               Hauserman et al (M)                        Heck et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                      Heikka et al                   Hellsten et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                             Hough                          Hu et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                   Imhangbe et al.                     Judkins et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Katterfeld                        Ketterfeld 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                       Keung et al                      Keung et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                       Khany et al                         Kin et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                       Klein et al                              Kwan 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                    Langlois et al                  Leithwood et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                     Leithwood&Sun                         Li et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                     Liu&Hallinger                        Lochmiller 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                      Louis et al.                         Ma&Marion 
##                                 1                                 1 
##               MacGregor et al (M)                    Marfan&Pascual 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                             Marsh                            Mattar 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        May et al.                    McBrayer et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                   McCarley et al.                             Menon 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Metz et al                       Mills et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                         Min et al                          Minckler 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                          Mitchell                    Modeste et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                   Moolenaar et al                       Moral et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                  Mosley et al (M)                             Narsa 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Nash et al                  Nasra& Heilbrunn 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Nazarpoori         Ninković& Knežević Florić 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                   Oldac &Kondakci                      Oqvist et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                         Orr et al                Oterkiil& Ertesvåg 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                              Oyer              Özdemir& Demircioğlu 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                    Paletta et al.                          Pan&Chen 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                    Petridou et al                            Pierce 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                    Pietsch et al.                     Piyaman et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                             Price                        Printy&Liu 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                      Qadach et al                     Qadach et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                       Range et al                      Rorrer et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                     Ruperez et al                     Sammons et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##               Savvides&Pashiardis                   Schechter et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                     Schulze et al                   Sebastian et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                  Sebastian et al.             Sebastian&Allensworth 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                      Semarco& Cho                           Shafeeu 
##                                 1                                 1 
##               Shapira-Lishchinsky Shapira-Lishchinsky& Raftar-Ozery 
##                                 1                                 1 
##      Shapira-Lishchinsky& Tsemach                    Shatzer et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Shen et al                       Sheng et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                Shengnan&Hallinger                        Sims et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                    Sleegers et al                       Sukru et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Sun et al.                     Sun&Leithwood 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                    Supovitz et al                  Sutherland et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                  Taliadorou et al                            Tesfaw 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                     Tesmach et al                     Thomas et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        Tian et al                            Torres 
##                                 1                                 1 
##             Tschannen-Moran et al                             Urick 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                            Urick1                        Uslu et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                   Vanblaere&Devos                  Vermeulen et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                          Voelkel                            Waaland 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                    Wang et al (M)                       Wang et al. 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                            Warwas                            Wiyono 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                         Wronowski                          Xu et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                        You et al.                    Yulianti et al 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                      Zhang et al.                         Zuze&Juan 
##                                 1                                 1 
##                       Adams et al                      Amels et al. 
##                                 2                                 2 
##                    Benoliel et al                   Berkovich et al 
##                                 2                                 2 
##                       Green et al                    Kulophas et al 
##                                 2                                 2 
##                          Li et al                        Liu et al. 
##                                 2                                 2 
##                    Mitchell et al                         Nir et al 
##                                 2                                 2 
##                       Urick et al                      Zheng et al. 
##                                 2                                 2 
##                   Leithwood et al                         Liu et al 
##                                 3                                 3 
##                               Liu 
##                                 6

Leadership Style

## Transformational_leadership    Transactional_Leadership 
##                          70                          13 
##    Instructional_Leadership      Distributed_Leadership 
##                          59                          19 
##           School_Leadership                    LS_Other 
##                          21                          61

Take Outs:

1, The most popular leadership style: Transformational leadership (70)

2, The least popular leadership style: Transactional Leadership (13)

## 
## 000101 000110 001011 100001 101001 101100 111000 001100 101000 001001 110000 
##      1      1      1      1      1      1      1      2      3      4      5 
## 110001 000100 000010 000001 001000 100000 
##      7     14     19     46     46     51

Takeout:

• 1, Discuss single leadership style: 176 articles

• 2, Discuss more than two leadership style in one paper: Two leadership Style: 17 paper Three leadership Style: 11 paper

• 3, What are the leadership styles always being discussed together? Transformational + Transactional Leadership (13 paper)

• 4, What are some strange combination only a few paper mentioned? Distributed + Other (1 paper) Distributed + School (1 paper) Transformational + Other (1 paper)

Method

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##           36           23          109           70           70            6 
## Method_Other 
##           32

Takeout:

• 1, Most popular method category: Correlation/regression/HLM (109)

• 2, Least popular method: Rasch/IRT (6)

• Problem: Other not specify in the document.

## Multimethod
##  1  2  3  4  6 
## 99 73 29  2  1

Takeout:

• 1, 99 paper used single quantitative paper.

• 2, 73 paper used two quantitative methods, whereas 29 paper used three methods.

• 3, 2 paper used four quantitative methods (article ID: 29, 40), and 1 paper used six quantitative methods (article ID: 55)

## Method_combo
## 0000001 0000010 0000100 0000101 0001000 0001001 0001010 0001100 0001101 0001110 
##       4       3      17       3      19       3       1      11       6       1 
## 0010000 0010001 0010100 0010101 0011000 0011001 0011100 0100000 0100100 0101000 
##      41       6      20       4      13       1       3       6       1       1 
## 0110000 0110001 1000000 1000100 1001000 1010000 1010001 1011000 1011100 1100000 
##       3       1       9       2       1       5       3       4       1       3 
## 1101000 1101010 1110000 1111101 
##       3       1       3       1

Takeout:

• 1, The most popular method combination is: Correlation + SEM (24 paper)

• 2, The second popular method combination is: Validation + SEM (18 paper)

• 3, For single method paper, the most popular method is Correlation/Regression/HLM. (41 paper)

• 4, For single method paper, the least popular method is Rasch/IRT. (3 paper)

School-related Variables

##  [1] "Teacher"                "School Climate/Culture" "Student"               
##  [4] "N/A"                    "School Administrator"   "Parent"                
##  [7] NA                       "Other"                  "Schol Climate/Culture" 
## [10] "Schol Administrator"    "Other stakeholder"

## ED_Sch_long
##      Other stakeholder    Schol Administrator  Schol Climate/Culture 
##                      1                      1                      1 
##                 Parent                  Other   School Administrator 
##                      4                     11                     29 
##                    N/A                Student School Climate/Culture 
##                     43                     51                     80 
##                Teacher 
##                    209

Takeout:

• 1, Most popular school-related variable: Teacher (209 paper) Least popular school-related variable: Other Stakeholder (1 paper)

• 2, School-related variable that oftenly misconsidered: Parent (4 paper)

Leadership style vs. Method

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##           11            8           43           20           29            0 
## Method_Other 
##            9

Takeout:

For Studying Transformational Leadership,

• 1, The most popular method is Correlation/Regression/HLM (43 paper)

• 2, The least popular method is Rasch/IRT (0 paper)

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##            1            1            7            5            4            0 
## Method_Other 
##            1

Takeout:

For Studying Transactional Leadership,

• 1, The most popular method is Correlation/Regression/HLM (7 paper)

• 2, The least popular method is Rasch/IRT (0 paper)

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##           11            4           27           16           20            2 
## Method_Other 
##           12

Takeout:

For Studying Instructional Leadership,

• 1, The most popular method is Correlation/Regression/HLM (27 paper)

• 2, The least popular method is Rasch/IRT (2 paper)

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##            3            2            9            8            5            2 
## Method_Other 
##            0

Takeout:

For Studying Distributed Leadership,

• 1, The most popular method is Correlation/Regression/HLM (9 paper)

• 2, The least popular method is Rasch/IRT (2 paper)

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##            6            4            9            8            4            1 
## Method_Other 
##            2

Takeout:

For Studying School Leadership,

• 1, The most popular method is Correlation/Regression/HLM (9 paper)

• 2, The least popular method is Rasch/IRT (1 paper)

Year vs. Method

##         Year Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM 
##   3.58333333   0.25000000   0.13095238   0.48809524   0.38095238   0.17857143 
##        Rasch Method_Other 
##   0.05952381   0.13095238

##         Year Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM 
##  8.300000000  0.125000000  0.100000000  0.566666667  0.316666667  0.458333333 
##        Rasch Method_Other 
##  0.008333333  0.175000000

Takeout:

• 1, Descriptive studies from 25% dropped to 12.5%.

• 2, SEM studies from 17.86% increased to 45.83%.

• 3, Rasch/IRT studies from 5.95% dropped to 0.83%.

Journal vs. Method

## 
##                 Educational Administration Quarterly 
##                                                   16 
## Educational Management Administration and Leadership 
##                                                   41 
##     International Journal of Leadership in Education 
##                                                   32 
##  International Studies in Educational Administration 
##                                                    5 
##                Journal of Educational Administration 
##                                                   53 
##                         Journal of School Leadership 
##                                                   33 
##                     Leadership and Policy in Schools 
##                                                   18 
##          School Effectiveness and School Improvement 
##                                                    6

Based on the data, we can tell that four Journals are quantitative methods friendly journal. They are:

• 1, Journal of Educational Administration (53 paper)

• 2, Educational Management Administration and Leadership (41 paper)

• 3, Journal of School Leadership (33 paper)

• 4, International Journal of Leadership in Education (32 Paper)

Now let’s see whether they have specific taste on Method categories.

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##   0.01886792   0.03773585   0.62264151   0.28301887   0.26415094   0.01886792 
## Method_Other 
##   0.20754717

For Journal of Educational Administration:

• 1, Methods concerning Correlation contains 62.26%, SEM contains 26.42%, other method contains 20.75%.

• 2, The least popular method is Descriptive and Rasch, they have 1.88% for each.

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##   0.36585366   0.26829268   0.48780488   0.46341463   0.41463415   0.04878049 
## Method_Other 
##   0.24390244

For Journal Educational Management Administration and Leadership:

• 1, Methods concerning Correlation contains 48.78%, Validation contains 46.34%, SEM method contains 41.46%.

• 2, The least popular method is Rasch/IRT, it has 4.88%.

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##   0.33333333   0.09090909   0.48484848   0.24242424   0.06060606   0.06060606 
## Method_Other 
##   0.12121212

For Journal of School Leadership:

• 1, Methods concerning Correlation contains 48.48%, Descriptives contains 33.33%, Validation contains 24.24%.

• 2, The least popular method is SEM and Rasch, each contains 6.06% for each.

## Descriptives        ANOVA  Correlation   Validation          SEM        Rasch 
##      0.06250      0.12500      0.40625      0.31250      0.50000      0.00000 
## Method_Other 
##      0.03125

For International Journal of Leadership in Education:

• 1, Methods concerning SEM contains 50%, Correlation contains 40.62%, Validation contains 31.25%.

• 2, The least popular method is Rasch/IRT, which has 0 article.

##   Descriptives      ANOVA Correlation Validation        SEM      Rasch
## 1   0.01886792 0.03773585   0.6226415  0.2830189 0.26415094 0.01886792
## 2   0.36585366 0.26829268   0.4878049  0.4634146 0.41463415 0.04878049
## 3   0.33333333 0.09090909   0.4848485  0.2424242 0.06060606 0.06060606
## 4   0.06250000 0.12500000   0.4062500  0.3125000 0.50000000 0.00000000
##   Method_Other Journal
## 1    0.2075472     JEA
## 2    0.2439024    EMAL
## 3    0.1212121     JSL
## 4    0.0312500    IJLE

Takeout:

• 1, If you have a Descriptive study, you should submit to EMAL (36.58%) or JSL (33.33%).

• 2, If you have a ANOVA study, you should submit to EMAL (26.83%) or IJLE(12.5%).

• 3, If you have a correlation study, you should submit to JEA (62.26%), EMAL (48.78%) or JSL (48.48%).

• 4, If you have a validation study, you should submit to EMAL (46.34%) or IJLE(31.25%).

• 5, If you have a SEM study, you should submit to IJLE (50%) or EMAL (41.46%).

• 5, If you have a Rasch study, you should submit to JSL (6.06%).

• 6, If you are using other methods, you should try EMAL (24.39%) or JEA (20.75%).

To sum up, EMAL almost welcome all kinds of the different method paper. IJLE perfer SEM Methods way higher than other methods. JSL could be a Rasch friendly journal. JEA perfer correlation/regression study, don’t like ANOVA & Descriptive studies.