UK Parties and Beyond

Dr. Eitan Tzelgov

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Why did Nana vote for Boris?

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Where do parties "live"?

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Maybe the Conservative Party lived here...

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And the Labor Party lived here...

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And here's Nana...

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So, who is she going to vote for?

  • We could use insights from the spatial theory of voting to make a prediction

  • Boris is at \[ x=7, y=5 \] (this is what Boris will do if elected)

  • Nana is at \[ x=2, y=4 \] (these are the policies she wants implemented)

  • If she votes for him and he's elected, she loses \[ |(7-2)+(5-4)|=6 \]

  • What if Corbyn is elected? He's at \[ x=-7, y=-5 \]

  • So if he wins, Nana loses she loses \[ |(-7-2)+(-5-4)|=18 \]

  • Check my maths, please.

So, Boris it is for Nana.

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There's a new boy in town

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Things are getting pretty intense

  • Nana loses \[ |(7-2)+(5-4)|=6 \] with Boris

  • Nana loses \[ |(1-2)+(-2-4)|=7 \] With Keir

Who does Nana vote for?

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What can Boris do?

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What can Boris do?

  • We could use insights from the saliency theory of voting to make a prediction.

  • He could emphasize one bundle of policies instead of the other…

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What would that mean?

  • Well, what would happen instead of Nana thinking that Culture & Economy are equally important, she starts to think that Culture is twice as important?

  • Nana loses \[ |.33\times (7-2)+.66\times(5-4)|=2.31 \] with Boris

  • Nana loses \[ |.33\times (1-2)+.66\times (-2-4)|=4.29 \] With Keir

  • So simply by talking about something (or proposing new policies etc.) parties hope to change the way we think about politics

It does not always work in real life, you know...

Which party can better manage the economy?

Date Tories Labour Margin
December 2019 41 20 -21
October 2020 41 23 -18
April 2022 32 26 -6

Which party can better manage immigration?

Date Tories Labour Margin
December 2019 34 23 -11
October 2020 24 28 4
April 2022 22 28 6

So, the Tories are losing their advantage on both issues

The Art of Political Manipulation

  • Heresthetics

  • 'force [the opponent] to put himself in an undesirable position for winning some future election' (Riker, 1986: 8).'

    • Think Rwanda, EU, Industrial actions
    • Splitting your opponents is crucial

Divided Parties Do Not Win Elections

  • “We have won more elections than any party in Britain because we are the most united and the most determined party. Over the same period Labour has been the most divided. That is why they have lost, and lost, and lost, and lost again.”

What we've talked about

  • Where partied and voters live

  • Voters may be thinking spatially

  • But parties know that

  • So it's a bit of a cat and mouse game

  • And party politics is a bit of a science, and a bit of an Art

What we haven't talked about

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  • Institutions

  • Activism and parties

  • Polarisation and Populism

  • And more!