class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide .title[ # Calculating CO2 equivalent (CO2e) emissions in R ] .author[ ### Lily Clements ] ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising <!-- --> ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. <img src="photo_files/climate_change_11.jpg" width="75%" /> [source: BBC News](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-59915690) ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. <img src="photo_files/climate_change_2.jpg" width="60%" /><img src="photo_files/climate_change_21.jpg" width="60%" /><img src="photo_files/climate_change_22.jpg" width="60%" /> [source: BBC News](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-60396229) ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. <img src="photo_files/climate_change_3.jpg" width="75%" /> [source: BBC News](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-51742646) ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. <img src="photo_files/climate_change_4.jpg" width="75%" /><img src="photo_files/climate_change_41.jpg" width="75%" /> [source: BBC News](https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-61540944) ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come <img src="photo_files/nasa1.png" width="75%" /> ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come <img src="photo_files/nasa2.png" width="75%" /> ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come <img src="photo_files/nasa3.png" width="75%" /> ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come <img src="photo_files/nasa4.png" width="75%" /> ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come <img src="photo_files/nasa5.png" width="75%" /> ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come <img src="photo_files/nasa6.png" width="75%" /> ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come <img src="photo_files/nasa7.png" width="75%" /> ---
# Background * CO2 levels are rising * This is causing adverse effects on the environment. * With worse to come <img src="photo_files/nasa8.png" width="75%" /> ---
# Background * As a result, some companies aim to reduce and offset their carbon-equivalent emissions. * They can achieve carbon neutrality by estimating current emissions levels and consequently offsetting those emissions by supporting projects that reduce CO2 levels. * First step in doing this is to calculate current emissions levels * This is what we started to do at IDEMS International ---
# Available Calculators Calculating Current CO2 Emission Levels * Currently a lot of tools are available to do this, but they are not reproducible. * Hard to save, edit, or redistribute the results. * May require payment for upgrades or full use of the calculator * Decisions behind the emissions values in the calculator cannot be easily amended * Emissions can vary between countries or regions ---
# carbonr * R is open source. * Complexity in estimating emissions - open discussions can take place on GitHub to capture different components and viewpoints to subsequently inform the R functions. * We found a comprehensive document by the UK (where we are based) government of CO2-equivalent emissions. * We wrote a set of functions in R to estimate CO2-equivalent emissions. * We created a front-end for these functions in Shiny for ease of use, and to ensure the tools to estimate CO2-equivalent emissions are more accessible. ---
# carbonr ```r devtools::install_github("IDEMSInternational/carbonr") library(carbonr) shiny_emissions() ``` ---
# carbonr * This is the Shiny Dashboard to calculate emissions * Let's say I am going to the useR! 2022 conference. <img src="photo_files/screenshot_1.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * Flying from Gatwick Airport <img src="photo_files/screenshot_1.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * Flying to Nashville International Airport <img src="photo_files/screenshot_2.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * Flying via Paris Orly <img src="photo_files/screenshot_3.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * Add in the emissions <img src="photo_files/screenshot_4.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * Getting the train from Southampton to Gatwick Airport <img src="photo_files/screenshot_5.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * Then calculate the taxi from the airport to the conference (google maps to find the distance) <img src="photo_files/screenshot_6.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * Then calculate the taxi from the airport to the conference <img src="photo_files/screenshot_7.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * Then calculate the emissions from the hotel <img src="photo_files/screenshot_8.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * There are other tabs too: Ferry emissions <img src="photo_files/screenshot_9.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# carbonr * There are other tabs too: Office emissions <img src="photo_files/screenshot_10.jpg" width="95%" /> ---
# Only the beginning * This is only the beginning of the package. * R is open source, and GitHub allows for an environment where different components and viewpoints can inform the R functions. * Hence, additional components can be added in that are tailored to different environments. * For example, these calculations are based on the UK government calculations. However, the estimates would vary for different regions and countries. The data is out there for different countries, it only requires coding in! --- # Only the beginning ```r devtools::install_github("IDEMSInternational/carbonr") library(carbonr) ```