Participants

Final N = 429

Conditions

Chat: Discuss questions w partner (2 min per question):
In this first section, you are going to be matched up in a chatroom with another participant who is taking this survey concurrently. You will work together to answer several questions about different pictures. Your goal will be to figure out what you think is really going on in the pictures together.

On the next page, you will be re-directed to a chat window. Once you’re matched with a partner, you will be presented with 6 prompt questions to discuss for 2 minutes each – please chat continuously until you have discussed all the questions. Thank you

Control: Write answers to questions (1 min per question):

In this first section, you are going to answer several questions about different pictures. Your goal will be to figure out what you think is really going on in the pictures.

You will be presented with 6 prompt questions to write about for 1 minute each. Please continue writing until you are directed to the next question. Thank you!

Realness

How real did the scenes depicted in the pictures seem? [Extremely Unreal (1) - Extremely Real (7) ]

M = 5.1, SD = 1.3

  real
Predictors Estimates CI p
(Intercept) 5.19 5.03 – 5.34 <0.001
condition [1] -0.22 -0.48 – 0.03 0.085
Observations 429
R2 / R2 adjusted 0.007 / 0.005


Life-like

How easily can you imagine the scenes in these pictures coming to life? [ 1 - not at all, 7 - extremely]

  life
Predictors Estimates CI p
(Intercept) 5.60 5.45 – 5.76 <0.001
condition [1] 0.16 -0.10 – 0.42 0.218
Observations 429
R2 / R2 adjusted 0.004 / 0.001


Vivid

How vivid did you find the scenes in the pictures? [ 1 - not at all, 7 - extremely]

  viv
Predictors Estimates CI p
(Intercept) 4.76 4.58 – 4.94 <0.001
condition [1] -0.25 -0.54 – 0.05 0.101
Observations 429
R2 / R2 adjusted 0.006 / 0.004


Certainty

3-items; e.g., I am certain of what I think is really going on in the pictures. [ 1 - strongly disagree, 7- strongly agree]

  epis.cert
Predictors Estimates CI p
(Intercept) 3.77 3.59 – 3.95 <0.001
condition [1] 0.32 0.02 – 0.62 0.037
Observations 429
R2 / R2 adjusted 0.010 / 0.008


Objectivity

How sure are you that the way you interpreted the pictures is objectively right (reflects what is actually going on in the pictures)? [1 - Not at all sure; 7 - Extremely sure ]

  obj
Predictors Estimates CI p
(Intercept) 3.23 3.04 – 3.43 <0.001
condition [1] 0.51 0.19 – 0.84 0.002
Observations 429
R2 / R2 adjusted 0.022 / 0.020


Within Chat Condition

Talking & Realness

4-items; My partner and I talked a lot about the pictures [1 - strongly disagree’ 7 - strongly agree]

  real.s
Predictors Estimates CI p
(Intercept) 0.00 -0.16 – 0.16 1.000
talk s 0.17 0.01 – 0.33 0.038
Observations 154
R2 / R2 adjusted 0.028 / 0.022


SR-G & Realness

8-items; During our chat …we shared the same thoughts and feelings about things// …saw the world in the same way [1 - strongly disagree’ 7 - strongly agree]

  real.s
Predictors Estimates CI p
(Intercept) 0.00 -0.16 – 0.16 1.000
srg s 0.18 0.03 – 0.34 0.023
Observations 154
R2 / R2 adjusted 0.034 / 0.027


SR-T & Realness

2-items; My partner and I see the pictures in the same way [1 - strongly disagree’ 7 - strongly agree]

  real.s
Predictors Estimates CI p
(Intercept) 0.00 -0.15 – 0.15 1.000
srt s 0.26 0.10 – 0.41 0.001
Observations 154
R2 / R2 adjusted 0.067 / 0.061


Mediations

Mediation talk -> srg -> real (ns indirect effect (ACME))

## Running nonparametric bootstrap
## 
## Causal Mediation Analysis 
## 
## Nonparametric Bootstrap Confidence Intervals with the Percentile Method
## 
##                Estimate 95% CI Lower 95% CI Upper p-value    
## ACME             0.0842      -0.1008         0.26    0.42    
## ADE              0.0568      -0.1554         0.32    0.52    
## Total Effect     0.1410       0.0449         0.26  <2e-16 ***
## Prop. Mediated   0.5973      -0.6921         3.01    0.42    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Sample Size Used: 154 
## 
## 
## Simulations: 100

Mediation talk -> srt -> real (significant indirect effect (ACME))

## Running nonparametric bootstrap
## 
## Causal Mediation Analysis 
## 
## Nonparametric Bootstrap Confidence Intervals with the Percentile Method
## 
##                Estimate 95% CI Lower 95% CI Upper p-value  
## ACME            0.14755      0.03179         0.31    0.02 *
## ADE            -0.00655     -0.17218         0.15    0.94  
## Total Effect    0.14099      0.00788         0.26    0.04 *
## Prop. Mediated  1.04649      0.05304        11.17    0.06 .
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Sample Size Used: 154 
## 
## 
## Simulations: 100

World Cloud:

What did the word “real” mean to you in the previous question (“How real did the scenes depicted in the pictures seem”)?