R Notebook

Kaitlin Kavlie PSYC-541

Lab #11: Choropleths

I ran the packages below.

library(tidyverse)
library(broom)
library(plotly)
library(tidycensus)      
library(sf)              
library(leaflet)         
library(trendyy)
library(usdata)          

Then I entered, ran, and removed my census API key.

census_api_key("70254b0b13d46bff0d9a603bf6343509f408cf44", overwrite = TRUE)

To install your API key for use in future sessions, run this function with `install = TRUE`.

1. I selected the cigarette smoking data set and created a choropleth map with leaflet.

I used the first code to read in the cigarette smoking data.

cig_smoking <- read_csv("Cig_smoking_percent.csv")

states_leaflet <- get_acs(geography = "state",               
                  variables = "B01003_001",          
                  geometry = TRUE)                   

Getting data from the 2016-2020 5-year ACS
Downloading feature geometry from the Census website.  To cache shapefiles for use in future sessions, set `options(tigris_use_cache = TRUE)`.

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state_colors <- colorNumeric(palette = "viridis", domain = states_leaflet$estimate)

states_leaflet %>% 
  leaflet() %>% 
  addTiles() %>%
  addPolygons(weight = 1,
              fillColor = ~state_colors(estimate), 
              label = ~paste0(NAME, ", income = ", estimate),           
              highlight = highlightOptions(weight = 2)) %>% 
  setView(-95, 40, zoom = 4) %>% 
  addLegend(pal = state_colors, values = ~estimate)

Warning: sf layer has inconsistent datum (+proj=longlat +datum=NAD83 +no_defs).
Need '+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84'

cig_colors <- colorNumeric(palette = "viridis", domain = cig_smoking$Cig_percent)

states_leaflet %>% 
  leaflet() %>% 
  addTiles() %>%
  addPolygons(weight = 1,
              fillColor = ~cig_colors(Cig_percent), 
              label = ~paste0(location, ", Cigarette percentage = ", Cig_percent),           
              highlight = highlightOptions(weight = 2)) %>% 
  setView(-95, 40, zoom = 4) %>% 
  addLegend(pal = cig_colors, values = ~Cig_percent)

Warning: sf layer has inconsistent datum (+proj=longlat +datum=NAD83 +no_defs).
Need '+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84'
Error in paste0(location, ", Cigarette percentage = ", Cig_percent) : 
  object 'Cig_percent' not found

2. I chose the term ‘smoking’ to examine Google searches for, since it is in close relation to cigarettes. Then I created a choropleth.

nicotine <- trendy("nicotine", 
                   geo = "US", 
                   from = "2019-01-01", to = "2020-01-01")


nicotine_states <- nicotine %>%
  get_interest_region()

nicotine_states

NA

###this doesn’t work either, keep getting errors for addPolygon function

nicotine_colors <-colorNumeric(palette = "viridis", domain = nicotine_states$hits)

states_leaflet %>% 
  rename(location = NAME) %>%
  inner_join(nicotine_states)

Joining, by = "location"
Simple feature collection with 51 features and 9 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: -179.1489 ymin: 18.91036 xmax: 179.7785 ymax: 71.36516
Geodetic CRS:  NAD83
First 10 features:
   GEOID    location   variable estimate moe hits  keyword geo gprop                       geometry
1     35  New Mexico B01003_001  2097021  NA   62 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-109.0502 3...
2     06  California B01003_001 39346023  NA   66 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-118.6044 3...
3     01     Alabama B01003_001  4893186  NA   67 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-88.05338 3...
4     13     Georgia B01003_001 10516579  NA   76 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-81.27939 3...
5     05    Arkansas B01003_001  3011873  NA   87 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-94.61792 3...
6     41      Oregon B01003_001  4176346  NA   68 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-123.6647 4...
7     28 Mississippi B01003_001  2981835  NA   75 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-88.50297 3...
8     08    Colorado B01003_001  5684926  NA   78 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-109.0603 3...
9     49        Utah B01003_001  3151239  NA   69 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-114.053 37...
10    40    Oklahoma B01003_001  3949342  NA   78 nicotine  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-103.0026 3...

  leaflet() %>% 
  addTiles() %>%
  addPolygons(weight = 1, 
              fillColor = ~nicotine_colors(hits), 
              label = ~paste0(location, ", Search volume = ", hits), 
              highlight = highlightOptions(weight = 2)) %>% 
  setView(-95, 40, zoom = 4) %>% 
  addLegend(pal = nicotine_colors, values = ~hits)

Error in derivePolygons(data, lng, lat, missing(lng), missing(lat), "addPolygons") : 
  Polygon data not found; please provide addPolygons with data and/or lng/lat arguments

3. I did a linear model relating the CDC data to the google search term, and created a plotly scatterplot of the relationship.

nicotine_model <- lm(cig_smoking ~ Cig_percent, data = nicotine_data)

Error in is.data.frame(data) : object 'nicotine_data' not found

nicotine_data %>%
  drop_na() %>% 
  plot_ly(x = ~hits, 
          y = ~Cig_percent,
          hoverinfo = "text", 
          text = ~paste("State: ", location, "<br>", "Nicotine's search rate: ", hits, "<br>", "Cig smoking percent:", Cig_percent)) %>% 
  add_markers(showlegend = F) %>% 
  add_lines(y = ~fitted(nicotine_model)) %>% 
  layout(title = "Relationship between google searches for 'nicotine' and smoking percent rates, by state",
   xaxis = list(title = "Google search volume for 'nicotine'"),
   yaxis = list(title = "State smoking rate, per capita"))

4. I chose a second google search term that is relevant to your chosen CDC data and created a choropleth map.

smoking <- trendy("smoking", 
                   geo = "US", 
                   from = "2019-01-01", to = "2020-01-01")


smoking_states <- smoking %>%
  get_interest_region()

smoking_states

NA

smoking_states %>%
  mutate(State = state2abbr(location)) %>%
  inner_join(cig_smoking)

Joining, by = "State"

smoking_colors <-colorNumeric(palette = "viridis", domain = smoking_states$hits)

states_leaflet %>% 
  rename(location = NAME) %>%
  inner_join(smoking_states)

Joining, by = "location"
Simple feature collection with 51 features and 9 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: -179.1489 ymin: 18.91036 xmax: 179.7785 ymax: 71.36516
Geodetic CRS:  NAD83
First 10 features:
   GEOID    location   variable estimate moe hits keyword geo gprop                       geometry
1     35  New Mexico B01003_001  2097021  NA   62 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-109.0502 3...
2     06  California B01003_001 39346023  NA   75 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-118.6044 3...
3     01     Alabama B01003_001  4893186  NA   87 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-88.05338 3...
4     13     Georgia B01003_001 10516579  NA   90 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-81.27939 3...
5     05    Arkansas B01003_001  3011873  NA   88 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-94.61792 3...
6     41      Oregon B01003_001  4176346  NA   85 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-123.6647 4...
7     28 Mississippi B01003_001  2981835  NA   75 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-88.50297 3...
8     08    Colorado B01003_001  5684926  NA   90 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-109.0603 3...
9     49        Utah B01003_001  3151239  NA   68 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-114.053 37...
10    40    Oklahoma B01003_001  3949342  NA   98 smoking  US   web MULTIPOLYGON (((-103.0026 3...

  leaflet() %>% 
  addTiles() %>%
  addPolygons(weight = 1,
              fillColor = ~smoking_colors(Cig_percent), 
              label = ~paste0(location, ", Cigarette percentage = ", Cig_percent),           
              highlight = highlightOptions(weight = 2)) %>% 
  setView(-95, 40, zoom = 4) %>% 
  addLegend(pal = smoking_colors, values = ~hits)

Error in derivePolygons(data, lng, lat, missing(lng), missing(lat), "addPolygons") : 
  Polygon data not found; please provide addPolygons with data and/or lng/lat arguments

5. I did a linear model and plotly graph between smoking and the CDC data.

smoking_model <- lm(Cig_smoking ~ hits, data = smoking_data)

Error in is.data.frame(data) : object 'smoking_data' not found

smoking_data %>% 
  drop_na() %>% 
  plot_ly(x = ~hits, 
          y = ~Cig_smoking,
          hoverinfo = "text", 
          text = ~paste("State: ", location, "<br>", "'Smoking's search rate: ", hits, "<br>", "Cigarette Smoking: ", cig_smoking)) %>% 
  add_markers(showlegend = F) %>% 
  add_lines(y = ~fitted(smoking_model)) %>% 
  layout(title = "Relationship between google searches for 'smoking' and rates of cigarette smoking, by state",
   xaxis = list(title = "Google search volume for 'smoking'"),
   yaxis = list(title = "State cigarette smoking rate, per capita"))