setwd("C:/Users/LUIS 1/Desktop/Series de Tiempo/R")library(lubridate)## Warning: package 'lubridate' was built under R version 4.1.3##
## Attaching package: 'lubridate'## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## date, intersect, setdiff, unionlibrary(tseries)## Warning: package 'tseries' was built under R version 4.1.3## Registered S3 method overwritten by 'quantmod':
## method from
## as.zoo.data.frame zoolibrary(forecast)## Warning: package 'forecast' was built under R version 4.1.3x <- as.POSIXct("2022-04-19 11:45:34")
y <- as.POSIXct("2022-04-19 11:45:34")
x; y # Se obtiene lo mismo, pero qué hay detrás de esto? ## [1] "2022-04-19 11:45:34 CDT"## [1] "2022-04-19 11:45:34 CDT"unclass(x)## [1] 1650386734
## attr(,"tzone")
## [1] ""unclass(y)## [1] 1650386734
## attr(,"tzone")
## [1] ""Es la cantidad de segundos que hay hasta esa fecha, desde el punto de referencia 01-01-1970 00:00:00:
# Time zone
#y$zone # Con POSIXlt podemos extraer componentes
#x$zone # Con POSIXct no es posible porque solo devuelve el numero de segundosx = as.Date("2022-04-19")
x; class(x)## [1] "2022-04-19"## [1] "Date"unclass(x)## [1] 1910150 * 365 - 5 # Numero de días desde 01-01-1970 (no considera los años bisiestos)## [1] 18245library(chron)## Warning: package 'chron' was built under R version 4.1.3##
## Attaching package: 'chron'## The following object is masked from 'package:tseries':
##
## is.weekend## The following objects are masked from 'package:lubridate':
##
## days, hours, minutes, seconds, yearsx = chron("04/19/2022", "23:34:09")
x## [1] (04/19/22 23:34:09)class(x)## [1] "chron" "dates" "times"unclass(x)## [1] 19101.98
## attr(,"format")
## dates times
## "m/d/y" "h:m:s"
## attr(,"origin")
## month day year
## 1 1 1970a = as.character(c("1993-12-30 23:45",
"1994-11-05 11:43",
"1992-03-09 21:54"))
class(a)## [1] "character"b = strptime(a, format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") #format nos dice cómo se debe interpretar el texto
b; class(b)## [1] "1993-12-30 23:45:00 CST" "1994-11-05 11:43:00 CST"
## [3] "1992-03-09 21:54:00 CST"## [1] "POSIXlt" "POSIXt"ymd(19931123) # Year / Month / Day## [1] "1993-11-23"dmy(23111993) # Day / Month / Year## [1] "1993-11-23"mdy(11231993) # Month / Day / Year## [1] "1993-11-23"mytimepoint <- ymd_hm("1993-11-23 11:23", tz = "Europe/Prague") #tz: time zone parameterOlsonNames()## [1] "Africa/Abidjan" "Africa/Accra"
## [3] "Africa/Addis_Ababa" "Africa/Algiers"
## [5] "Africa/Asmara" "Africa/Asmera"
## [7] "Africa/Bamako" "Africa/Bangui"
## [9] "Africa/Banjul" "Africa/Bissau"
## [11] "Africa/Blantyre" "Africa/Brazzaville"
## [13] "Africa/Bujumbura" "Africa/Cairo"
## [15] "Africa/Casablanca" "Africa/Ceuta"
## [17] "Africa/Conakry" "Africa/Dakar"
## [19] "Africa/Dar_es_Salaam" "Africa/Djibouti"
## [21] "Africa/Douala" "Africa/El_Aaiun"
## [23] "Africa/Freetown" "Africa/Gaborone"
## [25] "Africa/Harare" "Africa/Johannesburg"
## [27] "Africa/Juba" "Africa/Kampala"
## [29] "Africa/Khartoum" "Africa/Kigali"
## [31] "Africa/Kinshasa" "Africa/Lagos"
## [33] "Africa/Libreville" "Africa/Lome"
## [35] "Africa/Luanda" "Africa/Lubumbashi"
## [37] "Africa/Lusaka" "Africa/Malabo"
## [39] "Africa/Maputo" "Africa/Maseru"
## [41] "Africa/Mbabane" "Africa/Mogadishu"
## [43] "Africa/Monrovia" "Africa/Nairobi"
## [45] "Africa/Ndjamena" "Africa/Niamey"
## [47] "Africa/Nouakchott" "Africa/Ouagadougou"
## [49] "Africa/Porto-Novo" "Africa/Sao_Tome"
## [51] "Africa/Timbuktu" "Africa/Tripoli"
## [53] "Africa/Tunis" "Africa/Windhoek"
## [55] "America/Adak" "America/Anchorage"
## [57] "America/Anguilla" "America/Antigua"
## [59] "America/Araguaina" "America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires"
## [61] "America/Argentina/Catamarca" "America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia"
## [63] "America/Argentina/Cordoba" "America/Argentina/Jujuy"
## [65] "America/Argentina/La_Rioja" "America/Argentina/Mendoza"
## [67] "America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos" "America/Argentina/Salta"
## [69] "America/Argentina/San_Juan" "America/Argentina/San_Luis"
## [71] "America/Argentina/Tucuman" "America/Argentina/Ushuaia"
## [73] "America/Aruba" "America/Asuncion"
## [75] "America/Atikokan" "America/Atka"
## [77] "America/Bahia" "America/Bahia_Banderas"
## [79] "America/Barbados" "America/Belem"
## [81] "America/Belize" "America/Blanc-Sablon"
## [83] "America/Boa_Vista" "America/Bogota"
## [85] "America/Boise" "America/Buenos_Aires"
## [87] "America/Cambridge_Bay" "America/Campo_Grande"
## [89] "America/Cancun" "America/Caracas"
## [91] "America/Catamarca" "America/Cayenne"
## [93] "America/Cayman" "America/Chicago"
## [95] "America/Chihuahua" "America/Coral_Harbour"
## [97] "America/Cordoba" "America/Costa_Rica"
## [99] "America/Creston" "America/Cuiaba"
## [101] "America/Curacao" "America/Danmarkshavn"
## [103] "America/Dawson" "America/Dawson_Creek"
## [105] "America/Denver" "America/Detroit"
## [107] "America/Dominica" "America/Edmonton"
## [109] "America/Eirunepe" "America/El_Salvador"
## [111] "America/Ensenada" "America/Fort_Nelson"
## [113] "America/Fort_Wayne" "America/Fortaleza"
## [115] "America/Glace_Bay" "America/Godthab"
## [117] "America/Goose_Bay" "America/Grand_Turk"
## [119] "America/Grenada" "America/Guadeloupe"
## [121] "America/Guatemala" "America/Guayaquil"
## [123] "America/Guyana" "America/Halifax"
## [125] "America/Havana" "America/Hermosillo"
## [127] "America/Indiana/Indianapolis" "America/Indiana/Knox"
## [129] "America/Indiana/Marengo" "America/Indiana/Petersburg"
## [131] "America/Indiana/Tell_City" "America/Indiana/Vevay"
## [133] "America/Indiana/Vincennes" "America/Indiana/Winamac"
## [135] "America/Indianapolis" "America/Inuvik"
## [137] "America/Iqaluit" "America/Jamaica"
## [139] "America/Jujuy" "America/Juneau"
## [141] "America/Kentucky/Louisville" "America/Kentucky/Monticello"
## [143] "America/Knox_IN" "America/Kralendijk"
## [145] "America/La_Paz" "America/Lima"
## [147] "America/Los_Angeles" "America/Louisville"
## [149] "America/Lower_Princes" "America/Maceio"
## [151] "America/Managua" "America/Manaus"
## [153] "America/Marigot" "America/Martinique"
## [155] "America/Matamoros" "America/Mazatlan"
## [157] "America/Mendoza" "America/Menominee"
## [159] "America/Merida" "America/Metlakatla"
## [161] "America/Mexico_City" "America/Miquelon"
## [163] "America/Moncton" "America/Monterrey"
## [165] "America/Montevideo" "America/Montreal"
## [167] "America/Montserrat" "America/Nassau"
## [169] "America/New_York" "America/Nipigon"
## [171] "America/Nome" "America/Noronha"
## [173] "America/North_Dakota/Beulah" "America/North_Dakota/Center"
## [175] "America/North_Dakota/New_Salem" "America/Nuuk"
## [177] "America/Ojinaga" "America/Panama"
## [179] "America/Pangnirtung" "America/Paramaribo"
## [181] "America/Phoenix" "America/Port-au-Prince"
## [183] "America/Port_of_Spain" "America/Porto_Acre"
## [185] "America/Porto_Velho" "America/Puerto_Rico"
## [187] "America/Punta_Arenas" "America/Rainy_River"
## [189] "America/Rankin_Inlet" "America/Recife"
## [191] "America/Regina" "America/Resolute"
## [193] "America/Rio_Branco" "America/Rosario"
## [195] "America/Santa_Isabel" "America/Santarem"
## [197] "America/Santiago" "America/Santo_Domingo"
## [199] "America/Sao_Paulo" "America/Scoresbysund"
## [201] "America/Shiprock" "America/Sitka"
## [203] "America/St_Barthelemy" "America/St_Johns"
## [205] "America/St_Kitts" "America/St_Lucia"
## [207] "America/St_Thomas" "America/St_Vincent"
## [209] "America/Swift_Current" "America/Tegucigalpa"
## [211] "America/Thule" "America/Thunder_Bay"
## [213] "America/Tijuana" "America/Toronto"
## [215] "America/Tortola" "America/Vancouver"
## [217] "America/Virgin" "America/Whitehorse"
## [219] "America/Winnipeg" "America/Yakutat"
## [221] "America/Yellowknife" "Antarctica/Casey"
## [223] "Antarctica/Davis" "Antarctica/DumontDUrville"
## [225] "Antarctica/Macquarie" "Antarctica/Mawson"
## [227] "Antarctica/McMurdo" "Antarctica/Palmer"
## [229] "Antarctica/Rothera" "Antarctica/South_Pole"
## [231] "Antarctica/Syowa" "Antarctica/Troll"
## [233] "Antarctica/Vostok" "Arctic/Longyearbyen"
## [235] "Asia/Aden" "Asia/Almaty"
## [237] "Asia/Amman" "Asia/Anadyr"
## [239] "Asia/Aqtau" "Asia/Aqtobe"
## [241] "Asia/Ashgabat" "Asia/Ashkhabad"
## [243] "Asia/Atyrau" "Asia/Baghdad"
## [245] "Asia/Bahrain" "Asia/Baku"
## [247] "Asia/Bangkok" "Asia/Barnaul"
## [249] "Asia/Beirut" "Asia/Bishkek"
## [251] "Asia/Brunei" "Asia/Calcutta"
## [253] "Asia/Chita" "Asia/Choibalsan"
## [255] "Asia/Chongqing" "Asia/Chungking"
## [257] "Asia/Colombo" "Asia/Dacca"
## [259] "Asia/Damascus" "Asia/Dhaka"
## [261] "Asia/Dili" "Asia/Dubai"
## [263] "Asia/Dushanbe" "Asia/Famagusta"
## [265] "Asia/Gaza" "Asia/Harbin"
## [267] "Asia/Hebron" "Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh"
## [269] "Asia/Hong_Kong" "Asia/Hovd"
## [271] "Asia/Irkutsk" "Asia/Istanbul"
## [273] "Asia/Jakarta" "Asia/Jayapura"
## [275] "Asia/Jerusalem" "Asia/Kabul"
## [277] "Asia/Kamchatka" "Asia/Karachi"
## [279] "Asia/Kashgar" "Asia/Kathmandu"
## [281] "Asia/Katmandu" "Asia/Khandyga"
## [283] "Asia/Kolkata" "Asia/Krasnoyarsk"
## [285] "Asia/Kuala_Lumpur" "Asia/Kuching"
## [287] "Asia/Kuwait" "Asia/Macao"
## [289] "Asia/Macau" "Asia/Magadan"
## [291] "Asia/Makassar" "Asia/Manila"
## [293] "Asia/Muscat" "Asia/Nicosia"
## [295] "Asia/Novokuznetsk" "Asia/Novosibirsk"
## [297] "Asia/Omsk" "Asia/Oral"
## [299] "Asia/Phnom_Penh" "Asia/Pontianak"
## [301] "Asia/Pyongyang" "Asia/Qatar"
## [303] "Asia/Qostanay" "Asia/Qyzylorda"
## [305] "Asia/Rangoon" "Asia/Riyadh"
## [307] "Asia/Saigon" "Asia/Sakhalin"
## [309] "Asia/Samarkand" "Asia/Seoul"
## [311] "Asia/Shanghai" "Asia/Singapore"
## [313] "Asia/Srednekolymsk" "Asia/Taipei"
## [315] "Asia/Tashkent" "Asia/Tbilisi"
## [317] "Asia/Tehran" "Asia/Tel_Aviv"
## [319] "Asia/Thimbu" "Asia/Thimphu"
## [321] "Asia/Tokyo" "Asia/Tomsk"
## [323] "Asia/Ujung_Pandang" "Asia/Ulaanbaatar"
## [325] "Asia/Ulan_Bator" "Asia/Urumqi"
## [327] "Asia/Ust-Nera" "Asia/Vientiane"
## [329] "Asia/Vladivostok" "Asia/Yakutsk"
## [331] "Asia/Yangon" "Asia/Yekaterinburg"
## [333] "Asia/Yerevan" "Atlantic/Azores"
## [335] "Atlantic/Bermuda" "Atlantic/Canary"
## [337] "Atlantic/Cape_Verde" "Atlantic/Faeroe"
## [339] "Atlantic/Faroe" "Atlantic/Jan_Mayen"
## [341] "Atlantic/Madeira" "Atlantic/Reykjavik"
## [343] "Atlantic/South_Georgia" "Atlantic/St_Helena"
## [345] "Atlantic/Stanley" "Australia/ACT"
## [347] "Australia/Adelaide" "Australia/Brisbane"
## [349] "Australia/Broken_Hill" "Australia/Canberra"
## [351] "Australia/Currie" "Australia/Darwin"
## [353] "Australia/Eucla" "Australia/Hobart"
## [355] "Australia/LHI" "Australia/Lindeman"
## [357] "Australia/Lord_Howe" "Australia/Melbourne"
## [359] "Australia/North" "Australia/NSW"
## [361] "Australia/Perth" "Australia/Queensland"
## [363] "Australia/South" "Australia/Sydney"
## [365] "Australia/Tasmania" "Australia/Victoria"
## [367] "Australia/West" "Australia/Yancowinna"
## [369] "Brazil/Acre" "Brazil/DeNoronha"
## [371] "Brazil/East" "Brazil/West"
## [373] "Canada/Atlantic" "Canada/Central"
## [375] "Canada/Eastern" "Canada/Mountain"
## [377] "Canada/Newfoundland" "Canada/Pacific"
## [379] "Canada/Saskatchewan" "Canada/Yukon"
## [381] "CET" "Chile/Continental"
## [383] "Chile/EasterIsland" "CST6CDT"
## [385] "Cuba" "EET"
## [387] "Egypt" "Eire"
## [389] "EST" "EST5EDT"
## [391] "Etc/GMT" "Etc/GMT-0"
## [393] "Etc/GMT-1" "Etc/GMT-10"
## [395] "Etc/GMT-11" "Etc/GMT-12"
## [397] "Etc/GMT-13" "Etc/GMT-14"
## [399] "Etc/GMT-2" "Etc/GMT-3"
## [401] "Etc/GMT-4" "Etc/GMT-5"
## [403] "Etc/GMT-6" "Etc/GMT-7"
## [405] "Etc/GMT-8" "Etc/GMT-9"
## [407] "Etc/GMT+0" "Etc/GMT+1"
## [409] "Etc/GMT+10" "Etc/GMT+11"
## [411] "Etc/GMT+12" "Etc/GMT+2"
## [413] "Etc/GMT+3" "Etc/GMT+4"
## [415] "Etc/GMT+5" "Etc/GMT+6"
## [417] "Etc/GMT+7" "Etc/GMT+8"
## [419] "Etc/GMT+9" "Etc/GMT0"
## [421] "Etc/Greenwich" "Etc/UCT"
## [423] "Etc/Universal" "Etc/UTC"
## [425] "Etc/Zulu" "Europe/Amsterdam"
## [427] "Europe/Andorra" "Europe/Astrakhan"
## [429] "Europe/Athens" "Europe/Belfast"
## [431] "Europe/Belgrade" "Europe/Berlin"
## [433] "Europe/Bratislava" "Europe/Brussels"
## [435] "Europe/Bucharest" "Europe/Budapest"
## [437] "Europe/Busingen" "Europe/Chisinau"
## [439] "Europe/Copenhagen" "Europe/Dublin"
## [441] "Europe/Gibraltar" "Europe/Guernsey"
## [443] "Europe/Helsinki" "Europe/Isle_of_Man"
## [445] "Europe/Istanbul" "Europe/Jersey"
## [447] "Europe/Kaliningrad" "Europe/Kiev"
## [449] "Europe/Kirov" "Europe/Lisbon"
## [451] "Europe/Ljubljana" "Europe/London"
## [453] "Europe/Luxembourg" "Europe/Madrid"
## [455] "Europe/Malta" "Europe/Mariehamn"
## [457] "Europe/Minsk" "Europe/Monaco"
## [459] "Europe/Moscow" "Europe/Nicosia"
## [461] "Europe/Oslo" "Europe/Paris"
## [463] "Europe/Podgorica" "Europe/Prague"
## [465] "Europe/Riga" "Europe/Rome"
## [467] "Europe/Samara" "Europe/San_Marino"
## [469] "Europe/Sarajevo" "Europe/Saratov"
## [471] "Europe/Simferopol" "Europe/Skopje"
## [473] "Europe/Sofia" "Europe/Stockholm"
## [475] "Europe/Tallinn" "Europe/Tirane"
## [477] "Europe/Tiraspol" "Europe/Ulyanovsk"
## [479] "Europe/Uzhgorod" "Europe/Vaduz"
## [481] "Europe/Vatican" "Europe/Vienna"
## [483] "Europe/Vilnius" "Europe/Volgograd"
## [485] "Europe/Warsaw" "Europe/Zagreb"
## [487] "Europe/Zaporozhye" "Europe/Zurich"
## [489] "GB" "GB-Eire"
## [491] "GMT" "GMT-0"
## [493] "GMT+0" "GMT0"
## [495] "Greenwich" "Hongkong"
## [497] "HST" "Iceland"
## [499] "Indian/Antananarivo" "Indian/Chagos"
## [501] "Indian/Christmas" "Indian/Cocos"
## [503] "Indian/Comoro" "Indian/Kerguelen"
## [505] "Indian/Mahe" "Indian/Maldives"
## [507] "Indian/Mauritius" "Indian/Mayotte"
## [509] "Indian/Reunion" "Iran"
## [511] "Israel" "Jamaica"
## [513] "Japan" "Kwajalein"
## [515] "Libya" "MET"
## [517] "Mexico/BajaNorte" "Mexico/BajaSur"
## [519] "Mexico/General" "MST"
## [521] "MST7MDT" "Navajo"
## [523] "NZ" "NZ-CHAT"
## [525] "Pacific/Apia" "Pacific/Auckland"
## [527] "Pacific/Bougainville" "Pacific/Chatham"
## [529] "Pacific/Chuuk" "Pacific/Easter"
## [531] "Pacific/Efate" "Pacific/Enderbury"
## [533] "Pacific/Fakaofo" "Pacific/Fiji"
## [535] "Pacific/Funafuti" "Pacific/Galapagos"
## [537] "Pacific/Gambier" "Pacific/Guadalcanal"
## [539] "Pacific/Guam" "Pacific/Honolulu"
## [541] "Pacific/Johnston" "Pacific/Kanton"
## [543] "Pacific/Kiritimati" "Pacific/Kosrae"
## [545] "Pacific/Kwajalein" "Pacific/Majuro"
## [547] "Pacific/Marquesas" "Pacific/Midway"
## [549] "Pacific/Nauru" "Pacific/Niue"
## [551] "Pacific/Norfolk" "Pacific/Noumea"
## [553] "Pacific/Pago_Pago" "Pacific/Palau"
## [555] "Pacific/Pitcairn" "Pacific/Pohnpei"
## [557] "Pacific/Ponape" "Pacific/Port_Moresby"
## [559] "Pacific/Rarotonga" "Pacific/Saipan"
## [561] "Pacific/Samoa" "Pacific/Tahiti"
## [563] "Pacific/Tarawa" "Pacific/Tongatapu"
## [565] "Pacific/Truk" "Pacific/Wake"
## [567] "Pacific/Wallis" "Pacific/Yap"
## [569] "Poland" "Portugal"
## [571] "PRC" "PST8PDT"
## [573] "ROC" "ROK"
## [575] "Singapore" "Turkey"
## [577] "UCT" "Universal"
## [579] "US/Alaska" "US/Aleutian"
## [581] "US/Arizona" "US/Central"
## [583] "US/East-Indiana" "US/Eastern"
## [585] "US/Hawaii" "US/Indiana-Starke"
## [587] "US/Michigan" "US/Mountain"
## [589] "US/Pacific" "US/Samoa"
## [591] "UTC" "W-SU"
## [593] "WET" "Zulu"
## attr(,"Version")
## [1] "2021e"mytimepoint## [1] "1993-11-23 11:23:00 CET"class(mytimepoint)## [1] "POSIXct" "POSIXt"minute(mytimepoint)## [1] 23day(mytimepoint)## [1] 23hour(mytimepoint)## [1] 11year(mytimepoint)## [1] 1993month(mytimepoint)## [1] 11hour(mytimepoint) <- 14
mytimepoint## [1] "1993-11-23 14:23:00 CET"wday(mytimepoint)## [1] 3wday(mytimepoint, label=T, abbr=F) # los niveles que considera## [1] martes
## 7 Levels: domingo < lunes < martes < miércoles < jueves < ... < sábadowith_tz(mytimepoint, tz = "Europe/London")## [1] "1993-11-23 13:23:00 GMT"mytimepoint## [1] "1993-11-23 14:23:00 CET"time1 = ymd_hm("1993-09-23 11:23", tz = "Europe/Prague")
time2 = ymd_hm("1995-11-02 15:23", tz = "Europe/Prague")
myinterval = interval(time1, time2); myinterval## [1] 1993-09-23 11:23:00 CEST--1995-11-02 15:23:00 CETclass(myinterval) # interval is an object class from lubridate## [1] "Interval"
## attr(,"package")
## [1] "lubridate"