For the describe proposal, briefly describe your topic along with both an article/report/blog and a dataset. Submit both .Rmd and “knitted”.html files. You don’t need to upload your html file on RPubs.
You should not use the same topic as that for your midterm presentation. Please use a different topic for your final project.
Article
Include a link to access your article.
Provide your presentation title. It can be the same as the title of your article. Or, you can modify the title.
How to Sustainably Feed 10 billion people
As incomes rise, people will increasingly consume more resource-intensive, animal-based foods. At the same time, we urgently need to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural production and stop conversion of remaining forests to agricultural land. This article focuses on the various ways to create a sustainable food future for 10 billion during 2050. The article focusses on five areas of change: Reduce Growth In Demand for Food and Other Agricultural Products, Increase Food Production Without Expanding Agricultural Land, Protect and Restore Natural Ecosystems and Limit Agricultural Land-Shifting, Increase Fish Supply, Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Production and Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Production. I will be focusing on a subset of these 5 methods of improvement by supporting the reasons the article states for why we need to improve the sustainability of human activity rather than demonstrating how to improve these activities.
Data
- Describe your dataset that is relevant, related to, and informative of the article.
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations provides free access to food and agriculture data for over 245 countries and territories, from the year 1961 to the most recent update (depends on the dataset). The Food Balance Sheets presents a comprehensive picture of the pattern of a country’s food supply during a specified reference period, the last time an update was loaded to the FAO database was in 2013. The food balance sheet shows for each food item the sources of supply and its utilization. The dataset is based on comparison between food produced for human consumption and feed produced for animals.
- Print the first 6 rows using function
head().
fao = read.csv("FAO.csv")
head(fao)
## Area.Abbreviation Area.Code Area Item.Code Item
## 1 AFG 2 Afghanistan 2511 Wheat and products
## 2 AFG 2 Afghanistan 2805 Rice (Milled Equivalent)
## 3 AFG 2 Afghanistan 2513 Barley and products
## 4 AFG 2 Afghanistan 2513 Barley and products
## 5 AFG 2 Afghanistan 2514 Maize and products
## 6 AFG 2 Afghanistan 2514 Maize and products
## Element.Code Element Unit latitude longitude Y1961 Y1962 Y1963 Y1964
## 1 5142 Food 1000 tonnes 33.94 67.71 1928 1904 1666 1950
## 2 5142 Food 1000 tonnes 33.94 67.71 183 183 182 220
## 3 5521 Feed 1000 tonnes 33.94 67.71 76 76 76 76
## 4 5142 Food 1000 tonnes 33.94 67.71 237 237 237 238
## 5 5521 Feed 1000 tonnes 33.94 67.71 210 210 214 216
## 6 5142 Food 1000 tonnes 33.94 67.71 403 403 410 415
## Y1965 Y1966 Y1967 Y1968 Y1969 Y1970 Y1971 Y1972 Y1973 Y1974 Y1975 Y1976 Y1977
## 1 2001 1808 2053 2045 2154 1819 1963 2215 2310 2335 2434 2512 2282
## 2 220 195 231 235 238 213 205 233 246 246 255 263 235
## 3 76 75 71 72 73 74 71 70 72 76 77 80 60
## 4 238 237 225 227 230 234 223 219 225 240 244 255 185
## 5 216 216 235 232 236 200 201 216 228 231 234 240 228
## 6 415 413 454 448 455 383 386 416 439 445 451 463 439
## Y1978 Y1979 Y1980 Y1981 Y1982 Y1983 Y1984 Y1985 Y1986 Y1987 Y1988 Y1989 Y1990
## 1 2454 2443 2129 2133 2068 1994 1851 1791 1683 2194 1801 1754 1640
## 2 254 270 259 248 217 217 197 186 200 193 202 191 199
## 3 65 64 64 60 55 53 51 48 46 46 47 46 43
## 4 203 198 202 189 174 167 160 151 145 145 148 145 135
## 5 234 228 226 210 199 192 182 173 170 154 148 137 144
## 6 451 440 437 407 384 371 353 334 330 298 287 265 279
## Y1991 Y1992 Y1993 Y1994 Y1995 Y1996 Y1997 Y1998 Y1999 Y2000 Y2001 Y2002 Y2003
## 1 1539 1582 1840 1855 1853 2177 2343 2407 2463 2600 2668 2776 3095
## 2 197 249 218 260 319 254 326 347 270 372 411 448 460
## 3 43 40 50 46 41 44 50 48 43 26 29 70 48
## 4 132 120 155 143 125 138 159 154 141 84 83 122 144
## 5 126 90 141 150 159 108 90 99 72 35 48 89 63
## 6 245 170 272 289 310 209 173 192 141 66 93 170 117
## Y2004 Y2005 Y2006 Y2007 Y2008 Y2009 Y2010 Y2011 Y2012 Y2013
## 1 3249 3486 3704 4164 4252 4538 4605 4711 4810 4895
## 2 419 445 546 455 490 415 442 476 425 422
## 3 58 236 262 263 230 379 315 203 367 360
## 4 185 43 44 48 62 55 60 72 78 89
## 5 120 208 233 249 247 195 178 191 200 200
## 6 231 67 82 67 69 71 82 73 77 76
Data Validation
Check the content of the attributes, traits, features, rows, and/or other properties specific to your dataset.
Is the data type correct for this field?
Is the value within the valid range or part of a domain or enumerated list?
Check for duplicates, for example of a unique key.
Check for nulls. Are there mandatory values, or are null / empty values allowed? Are the null types consistent (NaN, infinity, empty strings, etc.)?
Tips: for duplicates, use function unique(). For missing values, use function is.na(). To delete all rows with a missing, use function na.omit(). Feel free to use other functions to check duplicates and missing values.
Post on Discussion Board
Check your presentation date.
Create a post on the discussion board with your presentation title as the post title by 11:59 pm, Apr 5. You’ll edit your post on the discussion board to include your presentation files (Rmd file and your shiny-app URL).
You should upload your presentation files (Rmd file and your shiny-app URL) and dataset you used on the discussion board by the day before your presentation day. For example, if you’re a presenter on Apr 11, upload your presentation files by 11:59 pm, Apr 10.