1. Let X1, X2, . . . , Xn be n mutually independent random variables, each of which is uniformly distributed on the integers from 1 to k. Let Y denote the minimum of the Xi’s. Find the distribution of Y .

expanded solution

  1. Your organization owns a copier (future lawyers, etc.) or MRI (future doctors). This machine has a manufacturer’s expected lifetime of 10 years. This means that we expect one failure every ten years. (Include the probability statements and R Code for each part.).

geometric distribution video

  1. What is the probability that the machine will fail after 8 years?. Provide also the expected value and standard deviation. Model as a geometric. (Hint: the probability is equivalent to not failing during the first 8 years..)
p = 1/10
q = 1-p
n <- 8
pgeom(8,p,lower.tail = F)
## [1] 0.3874205

Expected value:

p^-1
## [1] 10

Standard deviation:

formulas for geometric distribution

((1-p)/p^2)^.05
## [1] 1.252311
  1. What is the probability that the machine will fail after 8 years?. Provide also the expected value and standard deviation. Model as an exponential.

exponential distribution video

mean = 10
r = 1/mean
exp(-8*r)
## [1] 0.449329

Expected value:

1/r
## [1] 10

Standard deviation:

1/r
## [1] 10
  1. What is the probability that the machine will fail after 8 years?. Provide also the expected value and standard deviation. Model as a binomial. (Hint: 0 success in 8 years)
dbinom(0,n,p)
## [1] 0.4304672

Expected value:

n*p
## [1] 0.8

Standard deviation:

sqrt(n*p*(1-p))
## [1] 0.8485281
  1. What is the probability that the machine will fail after 8 years?. Provide also the expected value and standard deviation. Model as a Poisson.

poisson distribution video

dpois(0,n*p)
## [1] 0.449329

Expected value:

n*p
## [1] 0.8

Standard deviation:

(n*p)^0.5
## [1] 0.8944272