Odev 2
elif yanık
24 02 2022
Örnek 1
library(quantmod)## Zorunlu paket yükleniyor: xts## Zorunlu paket yükleniyor: zoo##
## Attaching package: 'zoo'## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## as.Date, as.Date.numeric## Zorunlu paket yükleniyor: TTR## Registered S3 method overwritten by 'quantmod':
## method from
## as.zoo.data.frame zoogetSymbols("TSLA")## 'getSymbols' currently uses auto.assign=TRUE by default, but will
## use auto.assign=FALSE in 0.5-0. You will still be able to use
## 'loadSymbols' to automatically load data. getOption("getSymbols.env")
## and getOption("getSymbols.auto.assign") will still be checked for
## alternate defaults.
##
## This message is shown once per session and may be disabled by setting
## options("getSymbols.warning4.0"=FALSE). See ?getSymbols for details.## [1] "TSLA"dim(TSLA)## [1] 2937 6head(TSLA)## TSLA.Open TSLA.High TSLA.Low TSLA.Close TSLA.Volume TSLA.Adjusted
## 2010-06-29 3.800 5.000 3.508 4.778 93831500 4.778
## 2010-06-30 5.158 6.084 4.660 4.766 85935500 4.766
## 2010-07-01 5.000 5.184 4.054 4.392 41094000 4.392
## 2010-07-02 4.600 4.620 3.742 3.840 25699000 3.840
## 2010-07-06 4.000 4.000 3.166 3.222 34334500 3.222
## 2010-07-07 3.280 3.326 2.996 3.160 34608500 3.160tail(TSLA)## TSLA.Open TSLA.High TSLA.Low TSLA.Close TSLA.Volume TSLA.Adjusted
## 2022-02-17 913.26 918.50 874.10 876.35 18392800 876.35
## 2022-02-18 886.00 886.87 837.61 856.98 22710500 856.98
## 2022-02-22 834.13 856.73 801.10 821.53 27762700 821.53
## 2022-02-23 830.43 835.30 760.56 764.04 31752300 764.04
## 2022-02-24 700.39 802.48 700.00 800.77 45107400 800.77
## 2022-02-25 809.23 819.50 782.40 809.87 25309500 809.87chartSeries(TSLA, theme="white")
## Örnek 2
library(quantmod)getSymbols ("AAPL")## [1] "AAPL"dim(AAPL)## [1] 3815 6head(AAPL)## AAPL.Open AAPL.High AAPL.Low AAPL.Close AAPL.Volume AAPL.Adjusted
## 2007-01-03 3.081786 3.092143 2.925000 2.992857 1238319600 2.562706
## 2007-01-04 3.001786 3.069643 2.993571 3.059286 847260400 2.619588
## 2007-01-05 3.063214 3.078571 3.014286 3.037500 834741600 2.600933
## 2007-01-08 3.070000 3.090357 3.045714 3.052500 797106800 2.613777
## 2007-01-09 3.087500 3.320714 3.041071 3.306071 3349298400 2.830903
## 2007-01-10 3.383929 3.492857 3.337500 3.464286 2952880000 2.966378tail(AAPL)## AAPL.Open AAPL.High AAPL.Low AAPL.Close AAPL.Volume AAPL.Adjusted
## 2022-02-17 171.03 171.91 168.47 168.88 69589300 168.88
## 2022-02-18 169.82 170.54 166.19 167.30 82614200 167.30
## 2022-02-22 164.98 166.69 162.15 164.32 91162800 164.32
## 2022-02-23 165.54 166.15 159.75 160.07 90009200 160.07
## 2022-02-24 152.58 162.85 152.00 162.74 141147500 162.74
## 2022-02-25 163.84 165.12 160.87 164.85 91881700 164.85chartSeries(AAPL, theme="white")
## FRED Örnek 1
getSymbols("LRHUTTTTTRM156S",src="FRED")## [1] "LRHUTTTTTRM156S"chartSeries(LRHUTTTTTRM156S,theme="white") 
FRED Örnek 2
getSymbols("LRUN24MATRQ156S",src="FRED")## [1] "LRUN24MATRQ156S"chartSeries(LRUN24MATRQ156S,theme="white") 
##İşgücü, kadın (toplam işgücünün% ’si)
library(WDI)df = WDI(indicator='SL.TLF.TOTL.FE.ZS', country=c('MX','TR','US'), start=1960, end=2018)head(df)## iso2c country SL.TLF.TOTL.FE.ZS year
## 1 MX Mexico 37.71695 2018
## 2 MX Mexico 37.39233 2017
## 3 MX Mexico 37.60168 2016
## 4 MX Mexico 37.49982 2015
## 5 MX Mexico 37.25366 2014
## 6 MX Mexico 37.62525 2013library(dplyr)##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'## The following objects are masked from 'package:xts':
##
## first, last## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
##
## filter, lag## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, setequal, union##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'## The flowing objects are masked from 'package: xts':
##
## first, last ## The flowing objects are masked from 'package:stats:' :
##
## filter, lag ## The flowing objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, seteqyal, union df <- df %>%
rename(ulkekodu = 1,
ulke = 2,
elektirik = 3,
sene = 4)library(reshape2)
data_genis <- dcast(df, sene ~ ulke, value.var="elektirik")head(data_genis)## sene Mexico Turkey United States
## 1 1960 NA NA NA
## 2 1961 NA NA NA
## 3 1962 NA NA NA
## 4 1963 NA NA NA
## 5 1964 NA NA NA
## 6 1965 NA NA NAWDIsearch("electricity") ## indicator
## [1,] "1.1_ACCESS.ELECTRICITY.TOT"
## [2,] "1.2_ACCESS.ELECTRICITY.RURAL"
## [3,] "1.3_ACCESS.ELECTRICITY.URBAN"
## [4,] "110400"
## [5,] "2.0.cov.Ele"
## [6,] "2.0.hoi.Ele"
## [7,] "4.1.1_TOTAL.ELECTRICITY.OUTPUT"
## [8,] "4.1.2_REN.ELECTRICITY.OUTPUT"
## [9,] "4.1_SHARE.RE.IN.ELECTRICITY"
## [10,] "9060000"
## [11,] "CC.ESG.EUFE"
## [12,] "CC.ESG.EUMA"
## [13,] "CC.GHG.EMSE.EH"
## [14,] "CC.GHG.SDEG.EH"
## [15,] "EG.ELC.ACCS.RU.ZS"
## [16,] "EG.ELC.ACCS.UR.ZS"
## [17,] "EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS"
## [18,] "EG.ELC.COAL.KH"
## [19,] "EG.ELC.COAL.ZS"
## [20,] "EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS"
## [21,] "EG.ELC.HYRO.KH"
## [22,] "EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS"
## [23,] "EG.ELC.NGAS.KH"
## [24,] "EG.ELC.NGAS.ZS"
## [25,] "EG.ELC.NUCL.KH"
## [26,] "EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS"
## [27,] "EG.ELC.PETR.KH"
## [28,] "EG.ELC.PETR.ZS"
## [29,] "EG.ELC.PROD.KH"
## [30,] "EG.ELC.RNEW.KH"
## [31,] "EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS"
## [32,] "EG.ELC.RNWX.KH"
## [33,] "EG.ELC.RNWX.ZS"
## [34,] "EG.TEG.RNEW.ZS"
## [35,] "EG.TEG.VAR.ZS"
## [36,] "EN.CO2.ETOT.MT"
## [37,] "EN.CO2.ETOT.ZS"
## [38,] "EN.PRD.ELEC"
## [39,] "EN.PRD.ELEC.POP.ZS"
## [40,] "HOU.ELC.ACSN.ZS"
## [41,] "IC.CNS.ELEC.ZS"
## [42,] "IC.ELC.ACES.DFRN.DB1015"
## [43,] "IC.ELC.ACES.DFRN.DB1619"
## [44,] "IC.ELC.ACES.RK.DB19"
## [45,] "IC.ELC.ACS.COST"
## [46,] "IC.ELC.ACS.COST.DFRN"
## [47,] "IC.ELC.COMM.TRFF.CG.01.DB1619"
## [48,] "IC.ELC.GEN.ZS"
## [49,] "IC.ELC.LMTG.OUTG.01.DB1619"
## [50,] "IC.ELC.MONT.OUTG.01.DB1619"
## [51,] "IC.ELC.OUTG.FREQ.DURS.03.DB1619"
## [52,] "IC.ELC.OUTG.MN.DB1619"
## [53,] "IC.ELC.PRI.KH.DB1619"
## [54,] "IC.ELC.PROC.NO"
## [55,] "IC.ELC.PROC.NO.DFRN"
## [56,] "IC.ELC.REGU.MONT.01.DB1619"
## [57,] "IC.ELC.RSTOR.01.DB1619"
## [58,] "IC.ELC.RSTT.XD.08.DB1619"
## [59,] "IC.ELC.RSTT.XD.08.DFRN.DB1619"
## [60,] "IC.ELC.SAID.XD.DB1619"
## [61,] "IC.ELC.SAIF.XD.DB1619"
## [62,] "IC.ELC.TIME"
## [63,] "IC.ELC.TIME.DFRN"
## [64,] "IC.ELEC.COST.PC.ZS"
## [65,] "IC.ELEC.PROC"
## [66,] "IC.ELEC.TIME"
## [67,] "IC.ELEC.XQ"
## [68,] "IC.FRM.ELEC.ZS"
## [69,] "IC.FRM.INFRA.IN10_C"
## [70,] "IC.FRM.INFRA.IN12"
## [71,] "IC.FRM.OBS.OBST8"
## [72,] "IN.ENRGY.ELEC.GEN"
## [73,] "NA.GDP.ELEC.GAS.SNA08.CR"
## [74,] "NA.GDP.ELEC.GAS.SNA08.KR"
## [75,] "NV.IND.GELW.CD"
## [76,] "NV.IND.GELW.CN"
## [77,] "NV.IND.GELW.KN"
## [78,] "SE.PRM.INFR.4"
## [79,] "SE.PRM.INFR.4.R"
## [80,] "SE.PRM.INFR.4.U"
## [81,] "SE.PRM.ISTD.7"
## [82,] "SE.PRM.ISTD.8"
## [83,] "SG.COK.ELEC.ZS"
## [84,] "SI.POV.ELEC.MI"
## [85,] "SL.EMP.ELC"
## [86,] "UIS.SCHBSP.1.WELEC"
## [87,] "UIS.SCHBSP.2.WELEC"
## [88,] "UIS.SCHBSP.3.WELEC"
## name
## [1,] "Access to electricity (% of total population)"
## [2,] "Access to electricity (% of rural population)"
## [3,] "Access to electricity (% of urban population)"
## [4,] "110400:HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS, AND OTHER FUELS"
## [5,] "Coverage: Electricity"
## [6,] "HOI: Electricity"
## [7,] "Total electricity output (GWh)"
## [8,] "Renewable energy electricity output (GWh)"
## [9,] "Renewable electricity (% in total electricity output)"
## [10,] "9060000:ACTUAL HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS"
## [11,] "Employment by sector and gender (% of total) - Electricity and utilities - Female"
## [12,] "Employment by sector and gender (% of total) - Electricity and utilities - Male"
## [13,] "Total GHG emissions by sector (Mt CO2 eq) - Electricity/Heat"
## [14,] "Sectoral drivers of GHG emissions growth in the period 2012-2018 - Electricity/Heat (contribution to total growth, %)"
## [15,] "Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population)"
## [16,] "Access to electricity, urban (% of urban population)"
## [17,] "Access to electricity (% of population)"
## [18,] "Electricity production from coal sources (kWh)"
## [19,] "Electricity production from coal sources (% of total)"
## [20,] "Electricity production from oil, gas and coal sources (% of total)"
## [21,] "Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (kWh)"
## [22,] "Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)"
## [23,] "Electricity production from natural gas sources (kWh)"
## [24,] "Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total)"
## [25,] "Electricity production from nuclear sources (kWh)"
## [26,] "Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total)"
## [27,] "Electricity production from oil sources (kWh)"
## [28,] "Electricity production from oil sources (% of total)"
## [29,] "Electricity production (kWh)"
## [30,] "Electricity production from renewable sources (kWh)"
## [31,] "Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)"
## [32,] "Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)"
## [33,] "Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)"
## [34,] "Share of renewables in total electricity generation (%)"
## [35,] "Share of variable renewables in total electricity generation (%)"
## [36,] "CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (million metric tons)"
## [37,] "CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (% of total fuel combustion)"
## [38,] "Electricity production (million kwh)"
## [39,] "Electricity production (kwh per capita)"
## [40,] "Household Access to Electricity: Total (in % of total household)"
## [41,] "Electricity (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major constraint)"
## [42,] "Getting electricity (DB10-15 methodology) - Score"
## [43,] "Getting electricity (DB16-20 methodology) - Score"
## [44,] "Rank: Getting electricity (1=most business-friendly regulations)"
## [45,] "Getting electricity: Cost to get electricity (% of income per capita)"
## [46,] "Getting electricity: Cost to get electricity (% of income per capita) - Score"
## [47,] "Getting electricity: Communication of tariffs and tariff changes (0-1) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [48,] "Electricity from Generator (%)"
## [49,] "Getting electricity: Financial deterrents aimed at limiting outages (0-1) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [50,] "Getting electricity: Mechanisms for monitoring outages (0-1) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [51,] "Getting electricity: Total duration and frequency of outages per customer a year (0-3) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [52,] "Getting electricity: Minimum outage time (in minutes) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [53,] "Getting electricity: Price of electricity (US cents per kWh) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [54,] "Getting electricity: Procedures (number)"
## [55,] "Getting electricity: Procedures (number) - Score"
## [56,] "Getting electricity: Regulatory monitoring (0-1) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [57,] "Getting electricity: Mechanisms for restoring service (0-1) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [58,] "Getting electricity: Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff index (0-8) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [59,] "Getting electricity: Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff index (0-8) (DB16-20 methodology) - Score"
## [60,] "Getting electricity: System average interruption duration index (SAIDI) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [61,] "Getting electricity: System average interruption frequency index (SAIFI) (DB16-20 methodology)"
## [62,] "Time required to get electricity (days)"
## [63,] "Getting electricity: Time (days) - Score"
## [64,] "Cost to get electricity connection (% of income per capita)"
## [65,] "Procedures required to get electricity (number)"
## [66,] "Time required to get electricity (days)"
## [67,] "Getting electricity (rank)"
## [68,] "Electricity (% of firms identifying this as a major constraint)"
## [69,] "If a generator is used, average proportion of electricity from a generator (%)"
## [70,] "Percent of firms identifying electricity as a major constraint"
## [71,] "Percent of firms choosing electricity as their biggest obstacle"
## [72,] "Total-Electricity Generated Gross (GWh)"
## [73,] "GDP on Electricity & Gas Supply Sector (in IDR Million), SNA 2008, Current Price"
## [74,] "GDP on Electricity & Gas Supply Sector (in IDR Million), SNA 2008, Constant Price"
## [75,] "Electricity, gas and water supply, value added (current US$)"
## [76,] "Electricity, gas and water supply, value added (current LCU)"
## [77,] "Electricity, gas and water supply, value added (constant LCU)"
## [78,] "(De Facto) Percent of schools with access to electricity"
## [79,] "(De Facto) Percent of schools with access to electricity - Rural"
## [80,] "(De Facto) Percent of schools with access to electricity - Urban"
## [81,] "(De Jure) Is there a policy in place to require that schools have access to electricity?"
## [82,] "(De Facto) Do you know if there is a policy in place to require that schools have access to electricity?"
## [83,] "Main cooking fuel: electricity (% of households)"
## [84,] "Multidimensional poverty, Electricity (% of population deprived)"
## [85,] "Number of people employed in electricity and utilities sector"
## [86,] "Proportion of primary schools with access to electricity (%)"
## [87,] "Proportion of lower secondary schools with access to electricity (%)"
## [88,] "Proportion of upper secondary schools with access to electricity (%)"tsveri <- ts(data_genis, start=1960, frequency=1)head(tsveri)## sene Mexico Turkey United States
## [1,] 1960 NA NA NA
## [2,] 1961 NA NA NA
## [3,] 1962 NA NA NA
## [4,] 1963 NA NA NA
## [5,] 1964 NA NA NA
## [6,] 1965 NA NA NAlibrary(ggplot2)
library(ggfortify)
autoplot(tsveri[,"Turkey"]) +
ggtitle("Türkiye'nin elektiriğe erişimi") +
xlab("Sene") +
ylab("")## Warning: Removed 30 row(s) containing missing values (geom_path).
autoplot(tsveri[,"Turkey"], ts.colour = 'red', ts.linetype = 'dashed')## Warning: Removed 30 row(s) containing missing values (geom_path).
plot(tsveri[,"Turkey"])
plot(tsveri[,2:4])