\(~\)
library(dplyr)## Warning: 패키지 'dplyr'는 R 버전 4.1.2에서 작성되었습니다library(MASS)\(~\)
Cars93 <- Cars93[, 1:10] #변수는 그냥 10개만 쓰겠음
str(Cars93)## 'data.frame': 93 obs. of 10 variables:
## $ Manufacturer: Factor w/ 32 levels "Acura","Audi",..: 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 5 ...
## $ Model : Factor w/ 93 levels "100","190E","240",..: 49 56 9 1 6 24 54 74 73 35 ...
## $ Type : Factor w/ 6 levels "Compact","Large",..: 4 3 1 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 ...
## $ Min.Price : num 12.9 29.2 25.9 30.8 23.7 14.2 19.9 22.6 26.3 33 ...
## $ Price : num 15.9 33.9 29.1 37.7 30 15.7 20.8 23.7 26.3 34.7 ...
## $ Max.Price : num 18.8 38.7 32.3 44.6 36.2 17.3 21.7 24.9 26.3 36.3 ...
## $ MPG.city : int 25 18 20 19 22 22 19 16 19 16 ...
## $ MPG.highway : int 31 25 26 26 30 31 28 25 27 25 ...
## $ AirBags : Factor w/ 3 levels "Driver & Passenger",..: 3 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 ...
## $ DriveTrain : Factor w/ 3 levels "4WD","Front",..: 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 ...\(~\)
Cars93 %>% dim() # ctl + shift + m 하면 %>% 입력됨## [1] 93 10Cars93 %>% head()## Manufacturer Model Type Min.Price Price Max.Price MPG.city MPG.highway
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25 31
## 2 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18 25
## 3 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20 26
## 4 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19 26
## 5 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22 30
## 6 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22 31
## AirBags DriveTrain
## 1 None Front
## 2 Driver & Passenger Front
## 3 Driver only Front
## 4 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 Driver only Rear
## 6 Driver only FrontCars93 %>% names()## [1] "Manufacturer" "Model" "Type" "Min.Price" "Price"
## [6] "Max.Price" "MPG.city" "MPG.highway" "AirBags" "DriveTrain"Cars93 %>% glimpse()## Rows: 93
## Columns: 10
## $ Manufacturer <fct> Acura, Acura, Audi, Audi, BMW, Buick, Buick, Buick, Buick~
## $ Model <fct> Integra, Legend, 90, 100, 535i, Century, LeSabre, Roadmas~
## $ Type <fct> Small, Midsize, Compact, Midsize, Midsize, Midsize, Large~
## $ Min.Price <dbl> 12.9, 29.2, 25.9, 30.8, 23.7, 14.2, 19.9, 22.6, 26.3, 33.~
## $ Price <dbl> 15.9, 33.9, 29.1, 37.7, 30.0, 15.7, 20.8, 23.7, 26.3, 34.~
## $ Max.Price <dbl> 18.8, 38.7, 32.3, 44.6, 36.2, 17.3, 21.7, 24.9, 26.3, 36.~
## $ MPG.city <int> 25, 18, 20, 19, 22, 22, 19, 16, 19, 16, 16, 25, 25, 19, 2~
## $ MPG.highway <int> 31, 25, 26, 26, 30, 31, 28, 25, 27, 25, 25, 36, 34, 28, 2~
## $ AirBags <fct> None, Driver & Passenger, Driver only, Driver & Passenger~
## $ DriveTrain <fct> Front, Front, Front, Front, Rear, Front, Front, Rear, Fro~\(~\)
library(janitor)## Warning: 패키지 'janitor'는 R 버전 4.1.2에서 작성되었습니다Cars93 <- janitor::clean_names(Cars93)
Cars93 %>% names() ## [1] "manufacturer" "model" "type" "min_price" "price"
## [6] "max_price" "mpg_city" "mpg_highway" "air_bags" "drive_train"\(~\)
\(~\)
Cars93 %>% arrange(desc(max_price)) #desc: 내림차순 ## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Mercedes-Benz 300E Midsize 43.8 61.9 80.0 19
## 2 Infiniti Q45 Midsize 45.4 47.9 50.4 17
## 3 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19
## 4 Cadillac Seville Midsize 37.5 40.1 42.7 16
## 5 Chevrolet Corvette Sporty 34.6 38.0 41.5 17
## 6 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18
## 7 Lincoln Town_Car Large 34.4 36.1 37.8 18
## 8 Saab 900 Compact 20.3 28.7 37.1 20
## 9 Cadillac DeVille Large 33.0 34.7 36.3 16
## 10 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22
## 11 Lexus SC300 Midsize 34.7 35.2 35.6 18
## 12 Lincoln Continental Midsize 33.3 34.3 35.3 17
## 13 Mercedes-Benz 190E Compact 29.0 31.9 34.9 20
## 14 Dodge Stealth Sporty 18.5 25.8 33.1 18
## 15 Mazda RX-7 Sporty 32.5 32.5 32.5 17
## 16 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20
## 17 Mitsubishi Diamante Midsize 22.4 26.1 29.9 18
## 18 Chrysler Imperial Large 29.5 29.5 29.5 20
## 19 Pontiac Bonneville Large 19.4 24.4 29.4 19
## 20 Volvo 850 Midsize 24.8 26.7 28.5 20
## 21 Lexus ES300 Midsize 27.5 28.0 28.4 18
## 22 Toyota Previa Van 18.9 22.7 26.6 18
## 23 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## 24 Ford Aerostar Van 14.5 19.9 25.3 15
## 25 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 26 Ford Taurus Midsize 15.6 20.2 24.8 21
## 27 Dodge Caravan Van 13.6 19.0 24.4 17
## 28 Volkswagen Corrado Sporty 22.9 23.3 23.7 18
## 29 Volvo 240 Compact 21.8 22.7 23.5 21
## 30 Honda Prelude Sporty 17.0 19.8 22.7 24
## 31 Subaru Legacy Compact 16.3 19.5 22.7 23
## 32 Volkswagen Eurovan Van 16.6 19.7 22.7 17
## 33 Toyota Celica Sporty 14.2 18.4 22.6 25
## 34 Volkswagen Passat Compact 17.6 20.0 22.4 21
## 35 Nissan Maxima Midsize 21.0 21.5 22.0 21
## 36 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Large 19.5 20.7 21.9 19
## 37 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 38 Ford Crown_Victoria Large 20.1 20.9 21.7 18
## 39 Mazda MPV Van 16.6 19.1 21.7 18
## 40 Pontiac Grand_Prix Midsize 15.4 18.5 21.6 19
## 41 Nissan Quest Van 16.7 19.1 21.5 17
## 42 Pontiac Firebird Sporty 14.0 17.7 21.4 19
## 43 Eagle Vision Large 17.5 19.3 21.2 20
## 44 Honda Accord Compact 13.8 17.5 21.2 24
## 45 Toyota Camry Midsize 15.2 18.2 21.2 22
## 46 Ford Mustang Sporty 10.8 15.9 21.0 22
## 47 Chevrolet Caprice Large 18.0 18.8 19.6 17
## 48 Oldsmobile Silhouette Van 19.5 19.5 19.5 18
## 49 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25
## 50 Mazda 626 Compact 14.3 16.5 18.7 26
## 51 Chevrolet Astro Van 14.7 16.6 18.6 15
## 52 Chevrolet Lumina Midsize 13.4 15.9 18.4 21
## 53 Chrylser Concorde Large 18.4 18.4 18.4 20
## 54 Oldsmobile Cutlass_Ciera Midsize 14.2 16.3 18.4 23
## 55 Chevrolet Cavalier Compact 8.5 13.4 18.3 25
## 56 Nissan Altima Compact 13.0 15.7 18.3 24
## 57 Chevrolet Lumina_APV Van 14.7 16.3 18.0 18
## 58 Plymouth Laser Sporty 11.4 14.4 17.4 23
## 59 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22
## 60 Chrysler LeBaron Compact 14.5 15.8 17.1 23
## 61 Chevrolet Camaro Sporty 13.4 15.1 16.8 19
## 62 Eagle Summit Small 7.9 12.2 16.5 29
## 63 Dodge Dynasty Midsize 14.8 15.6 16.4 21
## 64 Honda Civic Small 8.4 12.1 15.8 42
## 65 Hyundai Sonata Midsize 12.4 13.9 15.3 20
## 66 Ford Probe Sporty 12.8 14.0 15.2 24
## 67 Mercury Capri Sporty 13.3 14.1 15.0 23
## 68 Mercury Cougar Midsize 14.9 14.9 14.9 19
## 69 Nissan Sentra Small 8.7 11.8 14.9 29
## 70 Dodge Spirit Compact 11.9 13.3 14.7 22
## 71 Dodge Shadow Small 8.4 11.3 14.2 23
## 72 Oldsmobile Achieva Compact 13.0 13.5 14.0 24
## 73 Geo Storm Sporty 11.5 12.5 13.5 30
## 74 Mitsubishi Mirage Small 7.7 10.3 12.9 29
## 75 Saturn SL Small 9.2 11.1 12.9 28
## 76 Pontiac Sunbird Compact 9.4 11.1 12.8 23
## 77 Mazda Protege Small 10.9 11.6 12.3 28
## 78 Ford Tempo Compact 10.4 11.3 12.2 22
## 79 Ford Escort Small 8.4 10.1 11.9 23
## 80 Toyota Tercel Small 7.8 9.8 11.8 32
## 81 Chevrolet Corsica Compact 11.4 11.4 11.4 25
## 82 Subaru Loyale Small 10.5 10.9 11.3 25
## 83 Hyundai Elantra Small 9.0 10.0 11.0 22
## 84 Hyundai Scoupe Sporty 9.1 10.0 11.0 26
## 85 Dodge Colt Small 7.9 9.2 10.6 29
## 86 Geo Metro Small 6.7 8.4 10.0 46
## 87 Suzuki Swift Small 7.3 8.6 10.0 39
## 88 Pontiac LeMans Small 8.2 9.0 9.9 31
## 89 Subaru Justy Small 7.3 8.4 9.5 33
## 90 Volkswagen Fox Small 8.7 9.1 9.5 25
## 91 Hyundai Excel Small 6.8 8.0 9.2 29
## 92 Mazda 323 Small 7.4 8.3 9.1 29
## 93 Ford Festiva Small 6.9 7.4 7.9 31
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 25 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 2 22 Driver only Rear
## 3 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 4 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 25 Driver only Rear
## 6 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 7 26 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 8 26 Driver only Front
## 9 25 Driver only Front
## 10 30 Driver only Rear
## 11 23 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 12 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 13 29 Driver only Rear
## 14 24 Driver only 4WD
## 15 25 Driver only Rear
## 16 26 Driver only Front
## 17 24 Driver only Front
## 18 26 Driver only Front
## 19 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 20 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 21 24 Driver only Front
## 22 22 Driver only 4WD
## 23 27 Driver only Front
## 24 20 Driver only 4WD
## 25 25 Driver only Rear
## 26 30 Driver only Front
## 27 21 Driver only 4WD
## 28 25 None Front
## 29 28 Driver only Rear
## 30 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 31 30 Driver only 4WD
## 32 21 None Front
## 33 32 Driver only Front
## 34 30 None Front
## 35 26 Driver only Front
## 36 28 Driver only Front
## 37 28 Driver only Front
## 38 26 Driver only Rear
## 39 24 None 4WD
## 40 27 None Front
## 41 23 None Front
## 42 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 43 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 44 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 45 29 Driver only Front
## 46 29 Driver only Rear
## 47 26 Driver only Rear
## 48 23 None Front
## 49 31 None Front
## 50 34 Driver only Front
## 51 20 None 4WD
## 52 29 None Front
## 53 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 54 31 Driver only Front
## 55 36 None Front
## 56 30 Driver only Front
## 57 23 None Front
## 58 30 None 4WD
## 59 31 Driver only Front
## 60 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 61 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 62 33 None Front
## 63 27 Driver only Front
## 64 46 Driver only Front
## 65 27 None Front
## 66 30 Driver only Front
## 67 26 Driver only Front
## 68 26 None Rear
## 69 33 Driver only Front
## 70 27 Driver only Front
## 71 29 Driver only Front
## 72 31 None Front
## 73 36 Driver only Front
## 74 33 None Front
## 75 38 Driver only Front
## 76 31 None Front
## 77 36 None Front
## 78 27 None Front
## 79 30 None Front
## 80 37 Driver only Front
## 81 34 Driver only Front
## 82 30 None 4WD
## 83 29 None Front
## 84 34 None Front
## 85 33 None Front
## 86 50 None Front
## 87 43 None Front
## 88 41 None Front
## 89 37 None 4WD
## 90 33 None Front
## 91 33 None Front
## 92 37 None Front
## 93 33 None FrontCars93 %>% arrange(max_price)## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Ford Festiva Small 6.9 7.4 7.9 31
## 2 Mazda 323 Small 7.4 8.3 9.1 29
## 3 Hyundai Excel Small 6.8 8.0 9.2 29
## 4 Subaru Justy Small 7.3 8.4 9.5 33
## 5 Volkswagen Fox Small 8.7 9.1 9.5 25
## 6 Pontiac LeMans Small 8.2 9.0 9.9 31
## 7 Geo Metro Small 6.7 8.4 10.0 46
## 8 Suzuki Swift Small 7.3 8.6 10.0 39
## 9 Dodge Colt Small 7.9 9.2 10.6 29
## 10 Hyundai Elantra Small 9.0 10.0 11.0 22
## 11 Hyundai Scoupe Sporty 9.1 10.0 11.0 26
## 12 Subaru Loyale Small 10.5 10.9 11.3 25
## 13 Chevrolet Corsica Compact 11.4 11.4 11.4 25
## 14 Toyota Tercel Small 7.8 9.8 11.8 32
## 15 Ford Escort Small 8.4 10.1 11.9 23
## 16 Ford Tempo Compact 10.4 11.3 12.2 22
## 17 Mazda Protege Small 10.9 11.6 12.3 28
## 18 Pontiac Sunbird Compact 9.4 11.1 12.8 23
## 19 Mitsubishi Mirage Small 7.7 10.3 12.9 29
## 20 Saturn SL Small 9.2 11.1 12.9 28
## 21 Geo Storm Sporty 11.5 12.5 13.5 30
## 22 Oldsmobile Achieva Compact 13.0 13.5 14.0 24
## 23 Dodge Shadow Small 8.4 11.3 14.2 23
## 24 Dodge Spirit Compact 11.9 13.3 14.7 22
## 25 Mercury Cougar Midsize 14.9 14.9 14.9 19
## 26 Nissan Sentra Small 8.7 11.8 14.9 29
## 27 Mercury Capri Sporty 13.3 14.1 15.0 23
## 28 Ford Probe Sporty 12.8 14.0 15.2 24
## 29 Hyundai Sonata Midsize 12.4 13.9 15.3 20
## 30 Honda Civic Small 8.4 12.1 15.8 42
## 31 Dodge Dynasty Midsize 14.8 15.6 16.4 21
## 32 Eagle Summit Small 7.9 12.2 16.5 29
## 33 Chevrolet Camaro Sporty 13.4 15.1 16.8 19
## 34 Chrysler LeBaron Compact 14.5 15.8 17.1 23
## 35 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22
## 36 Plymouth Laser Sporty 11.4 14.4 17.4 23
## 37 Chevrolet Lumina_APV Van 14.7 16.3 18.0 18
## 38 Chevrolet Cavalier Compact 8.5 13.4 18.3 25
## 39 Nissan Altima Compact 13.0 15.7 18.3 24
## 40 Chevrolet Lumina Midsize 13.4 15.9 18.4 21
## 41 Chrylser Concorde Large 18.4 18.4 18.4 20
## 42 Oldsmobile Cutlass_Ciera Midsize 14.2 16.3 18.4 23
## 43 Chevrolet Astro Van 14.7 16.6 18.6 15
## 44 Mazda 626 Compact 14.3 16.5 18.7 26
## 45 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25
## 46 Oldsmobile Silhouette Van 19.5 19.5 19.5 18
## 47 Chevrolet Caprice Large 18.0 18.8 19.6 17
## 48 Ford Mustang Sporty 10.8 15.9 21.0 22
## 49 Eagle Vision Large 17.5 19.3 21.2 20
## 50 Honda Accord Compact 13.8 17.5 21.2 24
## 51 Toyota Camry Midsize 15.2 18.2 21.2 22
## 52 Pontiac Firebird Sporty 14.0 17.7 21.4 19
## 53 Nissan Quest Van 16.7 19.1 21.5 17
## 54 Pontiac Grand_Prix Midsize 15.4 18.5 21.6 19
## 55 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 56 Ford Crown_Victoria Large 20.1 20.9 21.7 18
## 57 Mazda MPV Van 16.6 19.1 21.7 18
## 58 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Large 19.5 20.7 21.9 19
## 59 Nissan Maxima Midsize 21.0 21.5 22.0 21
## 60 Volkswagen Passat Compact 17.6 20.0 22.4 21
## 61 Toyota Celica Sporty 14.2 18.4 22.6 25
## 62 Honda Prelude Sporty 17.0 19.8 22.7 24
## 63 Subaru Legacy Compact 16.3 19.5 22.7 23
## 64 Volkswagen Eurovan Van 16.6 19.7 22.7 17
## 65 Volvo 240 Compact 21.8 22.7 23.5 21
## 66 Volkswagen Corrado Sporty 22.9 23.3 23.7 18
## 67 Dodge Caravan Van 13.6 19.0 24.4 17
## 68 Ford Taurus Midsize 15.6 20.2 24.8 21
## 69 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 70 Ford Aerostar Van 14.5 19.9 25.3 15
## 71 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## 72 Toyota Previa Van 18.9 22.7 26.6 18
## 73 Lexus ES300 Midsize 27.5 28.0 28.4 18
## 74 Volvo 850 Midsize 24.8 26.7 28.5 20
## 75 Pontiac Bonneville Large 19.4 24.4 29.4 19
## 76 Chrysler Imperial Large 29.5 29.5 29.5 20
## 77 Mitsubishi Diamante Midsize 22.4 26.1 29.9 18
## 78 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20
## 79 Mazda RX-7 Sporty 32.5 32.5 32.5 17
## 80 Dodge Stealth Sporty 18.5 25.8 33.1 18
## 81 Mercedes-Benz 190E Compact 29.0 31.9 34.9 20
## 82 Lincoln Continental Midsize 33.3 34.3 35.3 17
## 83 Lexus SC300 Midsize 34.7 35.2 35.6 18
## 84 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22
## 85 Cadillac DeVille Large 33.0 34.7 36.3 16
## 86 Saab 900 Compact 20.3 28.7 37.1 20
## 87 Lincoln Town_Car Large 34.4 36.1 37.8 18
## 88 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18
## 89 Chevrolet Corvette Sporty 34.6 38.0 41.5 17
## 90 Cadillac Seville Midsize 37.5 40.1 42.7 16
## 91 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19
## 92 Infiniti Q45 Midsize 45.4 47.9 50.4 17
## 93 Mercedes-Benz 300E Midsize 43.8 61.9 80.0 19
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 33 None Front
## 2 37 None Front
## 3 33 None Front
## 4 37 None 4WD
## 5 33 None Front
## 6 41 None Front
## 7 50 None Front
## 8 43 None Front
## 9 33 None Front
## 10 29 None Front
## 11 34 None Front
## 12 30 None 4WD
## 13 34 Driver only Front
## 14 37 Driver only Front
## 15 30 None Front
## 16 27 None Front
## 17 36 None Front
## 18 31 None Front
## 19 33 None Front
## 20 38 Driver only Front
## 21 36 Driver only Front
## 22 31 None Front
## 23 29 Driver only Front
## 24 27 Driver only Front
## 25 26 None Rear
## 26 33 Driver only Front
## 27 26 Driver only Front
## 28 30 Driver only Front
## 29 27 None Front
## 30 46 Driver only Front
## 31 27 Driver only Front
## 32 33 None Front
## 33 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 34 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 35 31 Driver only Front
## 36 30 None 4WD
## 37 23 None Front
## 38 36 None Front
## 39 30 Driver only Front
## 40 29 None Front
## 41 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 42 31 Driver only Front
## 43 20 None 4WD
## 44 34 Driver only Front
## 45 31 None Front
## 46 23 None Front
## 47 26 Driver only Rear
## 48 29 Driver only Rear
## 49 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 50 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 51 29 Driver only Front
## 52 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 53 23 None Front
## 54 27 None Front
## 55 28 Driver only Front
## 56 26 Driver only Rear
## 57 24 None 4WD
## 58 28 Driver only Front
## 59 26 Driver only Front
## 60 30 None Front
## 61 32 Driver only Front
## 62 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 63 30 Driver only 4WD
## 64 21 None Front
## 65 28 Driver only Rear
## 66 25 None Front
## 67 21 Driver only 4WD
## 68 30 Driver only Front
## 69 25 Driver only Rear
## 70 20 Driver only 4WD
## 71 27 Driver only Front
## 72 22 Driver only 4WD
## 73 24 Driver only Front
## 74 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 75 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 76 26 Driver only Front
## 77 24 Driver only Front
## 78 26 Driver only Front
## 79 25 Driver only Rear
## 80 24 Driver only 4WD
## 81 29 Driver only Rear
## 82 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 83 23 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 84 30 Driver only Rear
## 85 25 Driver only Front
## 86 26 Driver only Front
## 87 26 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 88 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 89 25 Driver only Rear
## 90 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 91 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 92 22 Driver only Rear
## 93 25 Driver & Passenger RearCars93 %>% arrange(desc(max_price), mpg_city)## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Mercedes-Benz 300E Midsize 43.8 61.9 80.0 19
## 2 Infiniti Q45 Midsize 45.4 47.9 50.4 17
## 3 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19
## 4 Cadillac Seville Midsize 37.5 40.1 42.7 16
## 5 Chevrolet Corvette Sporty 34.6 38.0 41.5 17
## 6 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18
## 7 Lincoln Town_Car Large 34.4 36.1 37.8 18
## 8 Saab 900 Compact 20.3 28.7 37.1 20
## 9 Cadillac DeVille Large 33.0 34.7 36.3 16
## 10 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22
## 11 Lexus SC300 Midsize 34.7 35.2 35.6 18
## 12 Lincoln Continental Midsize 33.3 34.3 35.3 17
## 13 Mercedes-Benz 190E Compact 29.0 31.9 34.9 20
## 14 Dodge Stealth Sporty 18.5 25.8 33.1 18
## 15 Mazda RX-7 Sporty 32.5 32.5 32.5 17
## 16 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20
## 17 Mitsubishi Diamante Midsize 22.4 26.1 29.9 18
## 18 Chrysler Imperial Large 29.5 29.5 29.5 20
## 19 Pontiac Bonneville Large 19.4 24.4 29.4 19
## 20 Volvo 850 Midsize 24.8 26.7 28.5 20
## 21 Lexus ES300 Midsize 27.5 28.0 28.4 18
## 22 Toyota Previa Van 18.9 22.7 26.6 18
## 23 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## 24 Ford Aerostar Van 14.5 19.9 25.3 15
## 25 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 26 Ford Taurus Midsize 15.6 20.2 24.8 21
## 27 Dodge Caravan Van 13.6 19.0 24.4 17
## 28 Volkswagen Corrado Sporty 22.9 23.3 23.7 18
## 29 Volvo 240 Compact 21.8 22.7 23.5 21
## 30 Volkswagen Eurovan Van 16.6 19.7 22.7 17
## 31 Subaru Legacy Compact 16.3 19.5 22.7 23
## 32 Honda Prelude Sporty 17.0 19.8 22.7 24
## 33 Toyota Celica Sporty 14.2 18.4 22.6 25
## 34 Volkswagen Passat Compact 17.6 20.0 22.4 21
## 35 Nissan Maxima Midsize 21.0 21.5 22.0 21
## 36 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Large 19.5 20.7 21.9 19
## 37 Ford Crown_Victoria Large 20.1 20.9 21.7 18
## 38 Mazda MPV Van 16.6 19.1 21.7 18
## 39 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 40 Pontiac Grand_Prix Midsize 15.4 18.5 21.6 19
## 41 Nissan Quest Van 16.7 19.1 21.5 17
## 42 Pontiac Firebird Sporty 14.0 17.7 21.4 19
## 43 Eagle Vision Large 17.5 19.3 21.2 20
## 44 Toyota Camry Midsize 15.2 18.2 21.2 22
## 45 Honda Accord Compact 13.8 17.5 21.2 24
## 46 Ford Mustang Sporty 10.8 15.9 21.0 22
## 47 Chevrolet Caprice Large 18.0 18.8 19.6 17
## 48 Oldsmobile Silhouette Van 19.5 19.5 19.5 18
## 49 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25
## 50 Mazda 626 Compact 14.3 16.5 18.7 26
## 51 Chevrolet Astro Van 14.7 16.6 18.6 15
## 52 Chrylser Concorde Large 18.4 18.4 18.4 20
## 53 Chevrolet Lumina Midsize 13.4 15.9 18.4 21
## 54 Oldsmobile Cutlass_Ciera Midsize 14.2 16.3 18.4 23
## 55 Nissan Altima Compact 13.0 15.7 18.3 24
## 56 Chevrolet Cavalier Compact 8.5 13.4 18.3 25
## 57 Chevrolet Lumina_APV Van 14.7 16.3 18.0 18
## 58 Plymouth Laser Sporty 11.4 14.4 17.4 23
## 59 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22
## 60 Chrysler LeBaron Compact 14.5 15.8 17.1 23
## 61 Chevrolet Camaro Sporty 13.4 15.1 16.8 19
## 62 Eagle Summit Small 7.9 12.2 16.5 29
## 63 Dodge Dynasty Midsize 14.8 15.6 16.4 21
## 64 Honda Civic Small 8.4 12.1 15.8 42
## 65 Hyundai Sonata Midsize 12.4 13.9 15.3 20
## 66 Ford Probe Sporty 12.8 14.0 15.2 24
## 67 Mercury Capri Sporty 13.3 14.1 15.0 23
## 68 Mercury Cougar Midsize 14.9 14.9 14.9 19
## 69 Nissan Sentra Small 8.7 11.8 14.9 29
## 70 Dodge Spirit Compact 11.9 13.3 14.7 22
## 71 Dodge Shadow Small 8.4 11.3 14.2 23
## 72 Oldsmobile Achieva Compact 13.0 13.5 14.0 24
## 73 Geo Storm Sporty 11.5 12.5 13.5 30
## 74 Saturn SL Small 9.2 11.1 12.9 28
## 75 Mitsubishi Mirage Small 7.7 10.3 12.9 29
## 76 Pontiac Sunbird Compact 9.4 11.1 12.8 23
## 77 Mazda Protege Small 10.9 11.6 12.3 28
## 78 Ford Tempo Compact 10.4 11.3 12.2 22
## 79 Ford Escort Small 8.4 10.1 11.9 23
## 80 Toyota Tercel Small 7.8 9.8 11.8 32
## 81 Chevrolet Corsica Compact 11.4 11.4 11.4 25
## 82 Subaru Loyale Small 10.5 10.9 11.3 25
## 83 Hyundai Elantra Small 9.0 10.0 11.0 22
## 84 Hyundai Scoupe Sporty 9.1 10.0 11.0 26
## 85 Dodge Colt Small 7.9 9.2 10.6 29
## 86 Suzuki Swift Small 7.3 8.6 10.0 39
## 87 Geo Metro Small 6.7 8.4 10.0 46
## 88 Pontiac LeMans Small 8.2 9.0 9.9 31
## 89 Volkswagen Fox Small 8.7 9.1 9.5 25
## 90 Subaru Justy Small 7.3 8.4 9.5 33
## 91 Hyundai Excel Small 6.8 8.0 9.2 29
## 92 Mazda 323 Small 7.4 8.3 9.1 29
## 93 Ford Festiva Small 6.9 7.4 7.9 31
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 25 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 2 22 Driver only Rear
## 3 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 4 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 25 Driver only Rear
## 6 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 7 26 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 8 26 Driver only Front
## 9 25 Driver only Front
## 10 30 Driver only Rear
## 11 23 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 12 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 13 29 Driver only Rear
## 14 24 Driver only 4WD
## 15 25 Driver only Rear
## 16 26 Driver only Front
## 17 24 Driver only Front
## 18 26 Driver only Front
## 19 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 20 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 21 24 Driver only Front
## 22 22 Driver only 4WD
## 23 27 Driver only Front
## 24 20 Driver only 4WD
## 25 25 Driver only Rear
## 26 30 Driver only Front
## 27 21 Driver only 4WD
## 28 25 None Front
## 29 28 Driver only Rear
## 30 21 None Front
## 31 30 Driver only 4WD
## 32 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 33 32 Driver only Front
## 34 30 None Front
## 35 26 Driver only Front
## 36 28 Driver only Front
## 37 26 Driver only Rear
## 38 24 None 4WD
## 39 28 Driver only Front
## 40 27 None Front
## 41 23 None Front
## 42 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 43 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 44 29 Driver only Front
## 45 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 46 29 Driver only Rear
## 47 26 Driver only Rear
## 48 23 None Front
## 49 31 None Front
## 50 34 Driver only Front
## 51 20 None 4WD
## 52 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 53 29 None Front
## 54 31 Driver only Front
## 55 30 Driver only Front
## 56 36 None Front
## 57 23 None Front
## 58 30 None 4WD
## 59 31 Driver only Front
## 60 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 61 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 62 33 None Front
## 63 27 Driver only Front
## 64 46 Driver only Front
## 65 27 None Front
## 66 30 Driver only Front
## 67 26 Driver only Front
## 68 26 None Rear
## 69 33 Driver only Front
## 70 27 Driver only Front
## 71 29 Driver only Front
## 72 31 None Front
## 73 36 Driver only Front
## 74 38 Driver only Front
## 75 33 None Front
## 76 31 None Front
## 77 36 None Front
## 78 27 None Front
## 79 30 None Front
## 80 37 Driver only Front
## 81 34 Driver only Front
## 82 30 None 4WD
## 83 29 None Front
## 84 34 None Front
## 85 33 None Front
## 86 43 None Front
## 87 50 None Front
## 88 41 None Front
## 89 33 None Front
## 90 37 None 4WD
## 91 33 None Front
## 92 37 None Front
## 93 33 None Front\(~\)
Cars93 %>% filter(!is.na(price))## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25
## 2 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18
## 3 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20
## 4 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19
## 5 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22
## 6 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22
## 7 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 8 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 9 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## 10 Cadillac DeVille Large 33.0 34.7 36.3 16
## 11 Cadillac Seville Midsize 37.5 40.1 42.7 16
## 12 Chevrolet Cavalier Compact 8.5 13.4 18.3 25
## 13 Chevrolet Corsica Compact 11.4 11.4 11.4 25
## 14 Chevrolet Camaro Sporty 13.4 15.1 16.8 19
## 15 Chevrolet Lumina Midsize 13.4 15.9 18.4 21
## 16 Chevrolet Lumina_APV Van 14.7 16.3 18.0 18
## 17 Chevrolet Astro Van 14.7 16.6 18.6 15
## 18 Chevrolet Caprice Large 18.0 18.8 19.6 17
## 19 Chevrolet Corvette Sporty 34.6 38.0 41.5 17
## 20 Chrylser Concorde Large 18.4 18.4 18.4 20
## 21 Chrysler LeBaron Compact 14.5 15.8 17.1 23
## 22 Chrysler Imperial Large 29.5 29.5 29.5 20
## 23 Dodge Colt Small 7.9 9.2 10.6 29
## 24 Dodge Shadow Small 8.4 11.3 14.2 23
## 25 Dodge Spirit Compact 11.9 13.3 14.7 22
## 26 Dodge Caravan Van 13.6 19.0 24.4 17
## 27 Dodge Dynasty Midsize 14.8 15.6 16.4 21
## 28 Dodge Stealth Sporty 18.5 25.8 33.1 18
## 29 Eagle Summit Small 7.9 12.2 16.5 29
## 30 Eagle Vision Large 17.5 19.3 21.2 20
## 31 Ford Festiva Small 6.9 7.4 7.9 31
## 32 Ford Escort Small 8.4 10.1 11.9 23
## 33 Ford Tempo Compact 10.4 11.3 12.2 22
## 34 Ford Mustang Sporty 10.8 15.9 21.0 22
## 35 Ford Probe Sporty 12.8 14.0 15.2 24
## 36 Ford Aerostar Van 14.5 19.9 25.3 15
## 37 Ford Taurus Midsize 15.6 20.2 24.8 21
## 38 Ford Crown_Victoria Large 20.1 20.9 21.7 18
## 39 Geo Metro Small 6.7 8.4 10.0 46
## 40 Geo Storm Sporty 11.5 12.5 13.5 30
## 41 Honda Prelude Sporty 17.0 19.8 22.7 24
## 42 Honda Civic Small 8.4 12.1 15.8 42
## 43 Honda Accord Compact 13.8 17.5 21.2 24
## 44 Hyundai Excel Small 6.8 8.0 9.2 29
## 45 Hyundai Elantra Small 9.0 10.0 11.0 22
## 46 Hyundai Scoupe Sporty 9.1 10.0 11.0 26
## 47 Hyundai Sonata Midsize 12.4 13.9 15.3 20
## 48 Infiniti Q45 Midsize 45.4 47.9 50.4 17
## 49 Lexus ES300 Midsize 27.5 28.0 28.4 18
## 50 Lexus SC300 Midsize 34.7 35.2 35.6 18
## 51 Lincoln Continental Midsize 33.3 34.3 35.3 17
## 52 Lincoln Town_Car Large 34.4 36.1 37.8 18
## 53 Mazda 323 Small 7.4 8.3 9.1 29
## 54 Mazda Protege Small 10.9 11.6 12.3 28
## 55 Mazda 626 Compact 14.3 16.5 18.7 26
## 56 Mazda MPV Van 16.6 19.1 21.7 18
## 57 Mazda RX-7 Sporty 32.5 32.5 32.5 17
## 58 Mercedes-Benz 190E Compact 29.0 31.9 34.9 20
## 59 Mercedes-Benz 300E Midsize 43.8 61.9 80.0 19
## 60 Mercury Capri Sporty 13.3 14.1 15.0 23
## 61 Mercury Cougar Midsize 14.9 14.9 14.9 19
## 62 Mitsubishi Mirage Small 7.7 10.3 12.9 29
## 63 Mitsubishi Diamante Midsize 22.4 26.1 29.9 18
## 64 Nissan Sentra Small 8.7 11.8 14.9 29
## 65 Nissan Altima Compact 13.0 15.7 18.3 24
## 66 Nissan Quest Van 16.7 19.1 21.5 17
## 67 Nissan Maxima Midsize 21.0 21.5 22.0 21
## 68 Oldsmobile Achieva Compact 13.0 13.5 14.0 24
## 69 Oldsmobile Cutlass_Ciera Midsize 14.2 16.3 18.4 23
## 70 Oldsmobile Silhouette Van 19.5 19.5 19.5 18
## 71 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Large 19.5 20.7 21.9 19
## 72 Plymouth Laser Sporty 11.4 14.4 17.4 23
## 73 Pontiac LeMans Small 8.2 9.0 9.9 31
## 74 Pontiac Sunbird Compact 9.4 11.1 12.8 23
## 75 Pontiac Firebird Sporty 14.0 17.7 21.4 19
## 76 Pontiac Grand_Prix Midsize 15.4 18.5 21.6 19
## 77 Pontiac Bonneville Large 19.4 24.4 29.4 19
## 78 Saab 900 Compact 20.3 28.7 37.1 20
## 79 Saturn SL Small 9.2 11.1 12.9 28
## 80 Subaru Justy Small 7.3 8.4 9.5 33
## 81 Subaru Loyale Small 10.5 10.9 11.3 25
## 82 Subaru Legacy Compact 16.3 19.5 22.7 23
## 83 Suzuki Swift Small 7.3 8.6 10.0 39
## 84 Toyota Tercel Small 7.8 9.8 11.8 32
## 85 Toyota Celica Sporty 14.2 18.4 22.6 25
## 86 Toyota Camry Midsize 15.2 18.2 21.2 22
## 87 Toyota Previa Van 18.9 22.7 26.6 18
## 88 Volkswagen Fox Small 8.7 9.1 9.5 25
## 89 Volkswagen Eurovan Van 16.6 19.7 22.7 17
## 90 Volkswagen Passat Compact 17.6 20.0 22.4 21
## 91 Volkswagen Corrado Sporty 22.9 23.3 23.7 18
## 92 Volvo 240 Compact 21.8 22.7 23.5 21
## 93 Volvo 850 Midsize 24.8 26.7 28.5 20
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 31 None Front
## 2 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 3 26 Driver only Front
## 4 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 30 Driver only Rear
## 6 31 Driver only Front
## 7 28 Driver only Front
## 8 25 Driver only Rear
## 9 27 Driver only Front
## 10 25 Driver only Front
## 11 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 12 36 None Front
## 13 34 Driver only Front
## 14 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 15 29 None Front
## 16 23 None Front
## 17 20 None 4WD
## 18 26 Driver only Rear
## 19 25 Driver only Rear
## 20 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 21 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 22 26 Driver only Front
## 23 33 None Front
## 24 29 Driver only Front
## 25 27 Driver only Front
## 26 21 Driver only 4WD
## 27 27 Driver only Front
## 28 24 Driver only 4WD
## 29 33 None Front
## 30 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 31 33 None Front
## 32 30 None Front
## 33 27 None Front
## 34 29 Driver only Rear
## 35 30 Driver only Front
## 36 20 Driver only 4WD
## 37 30 Driver only Front
## 38 26 Driver only Rear
## 39 50 None Front
## 40 36 Driver only Front
## 41 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 42 46 Driver only Front
## 43 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 44 33 None Front
## 45 29 None Front
## 46 34 None Front
## 47 27 None Front
## 48 22 Driver only Rear
## 49 24 Driver only Front
## 50 23 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 51 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 52 26 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 53 37 None Front
## 54 36 None Front
## 55 34 Driver only Front
## 56 24 None 4WD
## 57 25 Driver only Rear
## 58 29 Driver only Rear
## 59 25 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 60 26 Driver only Front
## 61 26 None Rear
## 62 33 None Front
## 63 24 Driver only Front
## 64 33 Driver only Front
## 65 30 Driver only Front
## 66 23 None Front
## 67 26 Driver only Front
## 68 31 None Front
## 69 31 Driver only Front
## 70 23 None Front
## 71 28 Driver only Front
## 72 30 None 4WD
## 73 41 None Front
## 74 31 None Front
## 75 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 76 27 None Front
## 77 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 78 26 Driver only Front
## 79 38 Driver only Front
## 80 37 None 4WD
## 81 30 None 4WD
## 82 30 Driver only 4WD
## 83 43 None Front
## 84 37 Driver only Front
## 85 32 Driver only Front
## 86 29 Driver only Front
## 87 22 Driver only 4WD
## 88 33 None Front
## 89 21 None Front
## 90 30 None Front
## 91 25 None Front
## 92 28 Driver only Rear
## 93 28 Driver & Passenger FrontCars93 %>% filter(manufacturer=="Buick", min_price >= 20, max_price <= 40)## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 2 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 25 Driver only Rear
## 2 27 Driver only FrontCars93 %>% filter(manufacturer==c("Buick")
, between(price, 10, 30)) #between(v, n1, n2)## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22
## 2 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 3 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 4 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 31 Driver only Front
## 2 28 Driver only Front
## 3 25 Driver only Rear
## 4 27 Driver only FrontCars93 %>% filter(type == c("Large") | price >= 40 | mpg_city <= 20) %>% head()## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18
## 2 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20
## 3 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19
## 4 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 5 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 6 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 2 26 Driver only Front
## 3 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 4 28 Driver only Front
## 5 25 Driver only Rear
## 6 27 Driver only Front\(~\)
Cars93 %>% dplyr::select(manufacturer, model) %>% head()## manufacturer model
## 1 Acura Integra
## 2 Acura Legend
## 3 Audi 90
## 4 Audi 100
## 5 BMW 535i
## 6 Buick CenturyCars93 %>% dplyr::select(manufacturer:price) %>% head()## manufacturer model type min_price price
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9
## 2 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9
## 3 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1
## 4 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7
## 5 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0
## 6 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7Cars93 %>% dplyr::select(-(manufacturer:price)) %>% head()## max_price mpg_city mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 18.8 25 31 None Front
## 2 38.7 18 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 3 32.3 20 26 Driver only Front
## 4 44.6 19 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 36.2 22 30 Driver only Rear
## 6 17.3 22 31 Driver only FrontCars93 %>% dplyr::select(starts_with("M")) %>% head()## manufacturer model min_price max_price mpg_city mpg_highway
## 1 Acura Integra 12.9 18.8 25 31
## 2 Acura Legend 29.2 38.7 18 25
## 3 Audi 90 25.9 32.3 20 26
## 4 Audi 100 30.8 44.6 19 26
## 5 BMW 535i 23.7 36.2 22 30
## 6 Buick Century 14.2 17.3 22 31Cars93 %>% dplyr::select(ends_with("e")) %>% head()## type min_price price max_price
## 1 Small 12.9 15.9 18.8
## 2 Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7
## 3 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3
## 4 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6
## 5 Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2
## 6 Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3Cars93 %>% dplyr::select(contains("r")) %>% head()## manufacturer min_price price max_price air_bags drive_train
## 1 Acura 12.9 15.9 18.8 None Front
## 2 Acura 29.2 33.9 38.7 Driver & Passenger Front
## 3 Audi 25.9 29.1 32.3 Driver only Front
## 4 Audi 30.8 37.7 44.6 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 BMW 23.7 30.0 36.2 Driver only Rear
## 6 Buick 14.2 15.7 17.3 Driver only FrontCars93 %>% dplyr::select(price, everything()) %>% head()## price manufacturer model type min_price max_price mpg_city mpg_highway
## 1 15.9 Acura Integra Small 12.9 18.8 25 31
## 2 33.9 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 38.7 18 25
## 3 29.1 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 32.3 20 26
## 4 37.7 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 44.6 19 26
## 5 30.0 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 36.2 22 30
## 6 15.7 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 17.3 22 31
## air_bags drive_train
## 1 None Front
## 2 Driver & Passenger Front
## 3 Driver only Front
## 4 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 Driver only Rear
## 6 Driver only FrontCars93 %>% dplyr::select(price, last_col()) %>% head()## price drive_train
## 1 15.9 Front
## 2 33.9 Front
## 3 29.1 Front
## 4 37.7 Front
## 5 30.0 Rear
## 6 15.7 FrontCars93 %>%
filter(price <= 30) %>%
filter(air_bags == c("Driver only")) %>%
dplyr::select(manufacturer) %>%
head()## manufacturer
## 1 Audi
## 2 BMW
## 3 Buick
## 4 Buick
## 5 Buick
## 6 BuickCars93 %>%
filter(!is.na(price)) %>%
filter(max_price > 10) %>%
dplyr::select(manufacturer) %>%
head()## manufacturer
## 1 Acura
## 2 Acura
## 3 Audi
## 4 Audi
## 5 BMW
## 6 Buick\(~\)
참고: (https://www.datasciencemadesimple.com/rename-the-column-name-in-r-using-dplyr/)
Cars93 %>%
rename(model_1 = model, #새 변수 = 이전 변수
type_1 = type)## manufacturer model_1 type_1 min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25
## 2 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18
## 3 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20
## 4 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19
## 5 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22
## 6 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22
## 7 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 8 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 9 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## 10 Cadillac DeVille Large 33.0 34.7 36.3 16
## 11 Cadillac Seville Midsize 37.5 40.1 42.7 16
## 12 Chevrolet Cavalier Compact 8.5 13.4 18.3 25
## 13 Chevrolet Corsica Compact 11.4 11.4 11.4 25
## 14 Chevrolet Camaro Sporty 13.4 15.1 16.8 19
## 15 Chevrolet Lumina Midsize 13.4 15.9 18.4 21
## 16 Chevrolet Lumina_APV Van 14.7 16.3 18.0 18
## 17 Chevrolet Astro Van 14.7 16.6 18.6 15
## 18 Chevrolet Caprice Large 18.0 18.8 19.6 17
## 19 Chevrolet Corvette Sporty 34.6 38.0 41.5 17
## 20 Chrylser Concorde Large 18.4 18.4 18.4 20
## 21 Chrysler LeBaron Compact 14.5 15.8 17.1 23
## 22 Chrysler Imperial Large 29.5 29.5 29.5 20
## 23 Dodge Colt Small 7.9 9.2 10.6 29
## 24 Dodge Shadow Small 8.4 11.3 14.2 23
## 25 Dodge Spirit Compact 11.9 13.3 14.7 22
## 26 Dodge Caravan Van 13.6 19.0 24.4 17
## 27 Dodge Dynasty Midsize 14.8 15.6 16.4 21
## 28 Dodge Stealth Sporty 18.5 25.8 33.1 18
## 29 Eagle Summit Small 7.9 12.2 16.5 29
## 30 Eagle Vision Large 17.5 19.3 21.2 20
## 31 Ford Festiva Small 6.9 7.4 7.9 31
## 32 Ford Escort Small 8.4 10.1 11.9 23
## 33 Ford Tempo Compact 10.4 11.3 12.2 22
## 34 Ford Mustang Sporty 10.8 15.9 21.0 22
## 35 Ford Probe Sporty 12.8 14.0 15.2 24
## 36 Ford Aerostar Van 14.5 19.9 25.3 15
## 37 Ford Taurus Midsize 15.6 20.2 24.8 21
## 38 Ford Crown_Victoria Large 20.1 20.9 21.7 18
## 39 Geo Metro Small 6.7 8.4 10.0 46
## 40 Geo Storm Sporty 11.5 12.5 13.5 30
## 41 Honda Prelude Sporty 17.0 19.8 22.7 24
## 42 Honda Civic Small 8.4 12.1 15.8 42
## 43 Honda Accord Compact 13.8 17.5 21.2 24
## 44 Hyundai Excel Small 6.8 8.0 9.2 29
## 45 Hyundai Elantra Small 9.0 10.0 11.0 22
## 46 Hyundai Scoupe Sporty 9.1 10.0 11.0 26
## 47 Hyundai Sonata Midsize 12.4 13.9 15.3 20
## 48 Infiniti Q45 Midsize 45.4 47.9 50.4 17
## 49 Lexus ES300 Midsize 27.5 28.0 28.4 18
## 50 Lexus SC300 Midsize 34.7 35.2 35.6 18
## 51 Lincoln Continental Midsize 33.3 34.3 35.3 17
## 52 Lincoln Town_Car Large 34.4 36.1 37.8 18
## 53 Mazda 323 Small 7.4 8.3 9.1 29
## 54 Mazda Protege Small 10.9 11.6 12.3 28
## 55 Mazda 626 Compact 14.3 16.5 18.7 26
## 56 Mazda MPV Van 16.6 19.1 21.7 18
## 57 Mazda RX-7 Sporty 32.5 32.5 32.5 17
## 58 Mercedes-Benz 190E Compact 29.0 31.9 34.9 20
## 59 Mercedes-Benz 300E Midsize 43.8 61.9 80.0 19
## 60 Mercury Capri Sporty 13.3 14.1 15.0 23
## 61 Mercury Cougar Midsize 14.9 14.9 14.9 19
## 62 Mitsubishi Mirage Small 7.7 10.3 12.9 29
## 63 Mitsubishi Diamante Midsize 22.4 26.1 29.9 18
## 64 Nissan Sentra Small 8.7 11.8 14.9 29
## 65 Nissan Altima Compact 13.0 15.7 18.3 24
## 66 Nissan Quest Van 16.7 19.1 21.5 17
## 67 Nissan Maxima Midsize 21.0 21.5 22.0 21
## 68 Oldsmobile Achieva Compact 13.0 13.5 14.0 24
## 69 Oldsmobile Cutlass_Ciera Midsize 14.2 16.3 18.4 23
## 70 Oldsmobile Silhouette Van 19.5 19.5 19.5 18
## 71 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Large 19.5 20.7 21.9 19
## 72 Plymouth Laser Sporty 11.4 14.4 17.4 23
## 73 Pontiac LeMans Small 8.2 9.0 9.9 31
## 74 Pontiac Sunbird Compact 9.4 11.1 12.8 23
## 75 Pontiac Firebird Sporty 14.0 17.7 21.4 19
## 76 Pontiac Grand_Prix Midsize 15.4 18.5 21.6 19
## 77 Pontiac Bonneville Large 19.4 24.4 29.4 19
## 78 Saab 900 Compact 20.3 28.7 37.1 20
## 79 Saturn SL Small 9.2 11.1 12.9 28
## 80 Subaru Justy Small 7.3 8.4 9.5 33
## 81 Subaru Loyale Small 10.5 10.9 11.3 25
## 82 Subaru Legacy Compact 16.3 19.5 22.7 23
## 83 Suzuki Swift Small 7.3 8.6 10.0 39
## 84 Toyota Tercel Small 7.8 9.8 11.8 32
## 85 Toyota Celica Sporty 14.2 18.4 22.6 25
## 86 Toyota Camry Midsize 15.2 18.2 21.2 22
## 87 Toyota Previa Van 18.9 22.7 26.6 18
## 88 Volkswagen Fox Small 8.7 9.1 9.5 25
## 89 Volkswagen Eurovan Van 16.6 19.7 22.7 17
## 90 Volkswagen Passat Compact 17.6 20.0 22.4 21
## 91 Volkswagen Corrado Sporty 22.9 23.3 23.7 18
## 92 Volvo 240 Compact 21.8 22.7 23.5 21
## 93 Volvo 850 Midsize 24.8 26.7 28.5 20
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 31 None Front
## 2 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 3 26 Driver only Front
## 4 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 30 Driver only Rear
## 6 31 Driver only Front
## 7 28 Driver only Front
## 8 25 Driver only Rear
## 9 27 Driver only Front
## 10 25 Driver only Front
## 11 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 12 36 None Front
## 13 34 Driver only Front
## 14 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 15 29 None Front
## 16 23 None Front
## 17 20 None 4WD
## 18 26 Driver only Rear
## 19 25 Driver only Rear
## 20 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 21 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 22 26 Driver only Front
## 23 33 None Front
## 24 29 Driver only Front
## 25 27 Driver only Front
## 26 21 Driver only 4WD
## 27 27 Driver only Front
## 28 24 Driver only 4WD
## 29 33 None Front
## 30 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 31 33 None Front
## 32 30 None Front
## 33 27 None Front
## 34 29 Driver only Rear
## 35 30 Driver only Front
## 36 20 Driver only 4WD
## 37 30 Driver only Front
## 38 26 Driver only Rear
## 39 50 None Front
## 40 36 Driver only Front
## 41 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 42 46 Driver only Front
## 43 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 44 33 None Front
## 45 29 None Front
## 46 34 None Front
## 47 27 None Front
## 48 22 Driver only Rear
## 49 24 Driver only Front
## 50 23 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 51 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 52 26 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 53 37 None Front
## 54 36 None Front
## 55 34 Driver only Front
## 56 24 None 4WD
## 57 25 Driver only Rear
## 58 29 Driver only Rear
## 59 25 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 60 26 Driver only Front
## 61 26 None Rear
## 62 33 None Front
## 63 24 Driver only Front
## 64 33 Driver only Front
## 65 30 Driver only Front
## 66 23 None Front
## 67 26 Driver only Front
## 68 31 None Front
## 69 31 Driver only Front
## 70 23 None Front
## 71 28 Driver only Front
## 72 30 None 4WD
## 73 41 None Front
## 74 31 None Front
## 75 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 76 27 None Front
## 77 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 78 26 Driver only Front
## 79 38 Driver only Front
## 80 37 None 4WD
## 81 30 None 4WD
## 82 30 Driver only 4WD
## 83 43 None Front
## 84 37 Driver only Front
## 85 32 Driver only Front
## 86 29 Driver only Front
## 87 22 Driver only 4WD
## 88 33 None Front
## 89 21 None Front
## 90 30 None Front
## 91 25 None Front
## 92 28 Driver only Rear
## 93 28 Driver & Passenger FrontCars93 %>%
rename_with(tolower)## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25
## 2 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18
## 3 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20
## 4 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19
## 5 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22
## 6 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22
## 7 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 8 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 9 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## 10 Cadillac DeVille Large 33.0 34.7 36.3 16
## 11 Cadillac Seville Midsize 37.5 40.1 42.7 16
## 12 Chevrolet Cavalier Compact 8.5 13.4 18.3 25
## 13 Chevrolet Corsica Compact 11.4 11.4 11.4 25
## 14 Chevrolet Camaro Sporty 13.4 15.1 16.8 19
## 15 Chevrolet Lumina Midsize 13.4 15.9 18.4 21
## 16 Chevrolet Lumina_APV Van 14.7 16.3 18.0 18
## 17 Chevrolet Astro Van 14.7 16.6 18.6 15
## 18 Chevrolet Caprice Large 18.0 18.8 19.6 17
## 19 Chevrolet Corvette Sporty 34.6 38.0 41.5 17
## 20 Chrylser Concorde Large 18.4 18.4 18.4 20
## 21 Chrysler LeBaron Compact 14.5 15.8 17.1 23
## 22 Chrysler Imperial Large 29.5 29.5 29.5 20
## 23 Dodge Colt Small 7.9 9.2 10.6 29
## 24 Dodge Shadow Small 8.4 11.3 14.2 23
## 25 Dodge Spirit Compact 11.9 13.3 14.7 22
## 26 Dodge Caravan Van 13.6 19.0 24.4 17
## 27 Dodge Dynasty Midsize 14.8 15.6 16.4 21
## 28 Dodge Stealth Sporty 18.5 25.8 33.1 18
## 29 Eagle Summit Small 7.9 12.2 16.5 29
## 30 Eagle Vision Large 17.5 19.3 21.2 20
## 31 Ford Festiva Small 6.9 7.4 7.9 31
## 32 Ford Escort Small 8.4 10.1 11.9 23
## 33 Ford Tempo Compact 10.4 11.3 12.2 22
## 34 Ford Mustang Sporty 10.8 15.9 21.0 22
## 35 Ford Probe Sporty 12.8 14.0 15.2 24
## 36 Ford Aerostar Van 14.5 19.9 25.3 15
## 37 Ford Taurus Midsize 15.6 20.2 24.8 21
## 38 Ford Crown_Victoria Large 20.1 20.9 21.7 18
## 39 Geo Metro Small 6.7 8.4 10.0 46
## 40 Geo Storm Sporty 11.5 12.5 13.5 30
## 41 Honda Prelude Sporty 17.0 19.8 22.7 24
## 42 Honda Civic Small 8.4 12.1 15.8 42
## 43 Honda Accord Compact 13.8 17.5 21.2 24
## 44 Hyundai Excel Small 6.8 8.0 9.2 29
## 45 Hyundai Elantra Small 9.0 10.0 11.0 22
## 46 Hyundai Scoupe Sporty 9.1 10.0 11.0 26
## 47 Hyundai Sonata Midsize 12.4 13.9 15.3 20
## 48 Infiniti Q45 Midsize 45.4 47.9 50.4 17
## 49 Lexus ES300 Midsize 27.5 28.0 28.4 18
## 50 Lexus SC300 Midsize 34.7 35.2 35.6 18
## 51 Lincoln Continental Midsize 33.3 34.3 35.3 17
## 52 Lincoln Town_Car Large 34.4 36.1 37.8 18
## 53 Mazda 323 Small 7.4 8.3 9.1 29
## 54 Mazda Protege Small 10.9 11.6 12.3 28
## 55 Mazda 626 Compact 14.3 16.5 18.7 26
## 56 Mazda MPV Van 16.6 19.1 21.7 18
## 57 Mazda RX-7 Sporty 32.5 32.5 32.5 17
## 58 Mercedes-Benz 190E Compact 29.0 31.9 34.9 20
## 59 Mercedes-Benz 300E Midsize 43.8 61.9 80.0 19
## 60 Mercury Capri Sporty 13.3 14.1 15.0 23
## 61 Mercury Cougar Midsize 14.9 14.9 14.9 19
## 62 Mitsubishi Mirage Small 7.7 10.3 12.9 29
## 63 Mitsubishi Diamante Midsize 22.4 26.1 29.9 18
## 64 Nissan Sentra Small 8.7 11.8 14.9 29
## 65 Nissan Altima Compact 13.0 15.7 18.3 24
## 66 Nissan Quest Van 16.7 19.1 21.5 17
## 67 Nissan Maxima Midsize 21.0 21.5 22.0 21
## 68 Oldsmobile Achieva Compact 13.0 13.5 14.0 24
## 69 Oldsmobile Cutlass_Ciera Midsize 14.2 16.3 18.4 23
## 70 Oldsmobile Silhouette Van 19.5 19.5 19.5 18
## 71 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Large 19.5 20.7 21.9 19
## 72 Plymouth Laser Sporty 11.4 14.4 17.4 23
## 73 Pontiac LeMans Small 8.2 9.0 9.9 31
## 74 Pontiac Sunbird Compact 9.4 11.1 12.8 23
## 75 Pontiac Firebird Sporty 14.0 17.7 21.4 19
## 76 Pontiac Grand_Prix Midsize 15.4 18.5 21.6 19
## 77 Pontiac Bonneville Large 19.4 24.4 29.4 19
## 78 Saab 900 Compact 20.3 28.7 37.1 20
## 79 Saturn SL Small 9.2 11.1 12.9 28
## 80 Subaru Justy Small 7.3 8.4 9.5 33
## 81 Subaru Loyale Small 10.5 10.9 11.3 25
## 82 Subaru Legacy Compact 16.3 19.5 22.7 23
## 83 Suzuki Swift Small 7.3 8.6 10.0 39
## 84 Toyota Tercel Small 7.8 9.8 11.8 32
## 85 Toyota Celica Sporty 14.2 18.4 22.6 25
## 86 Toyota Camry Midsize 15.2 18.2 21.2 22
## 87 Toyota Previa Van 18.9 22.7 26.6 18
## 88 Volkswagen Fox Small 8.7 9.1 9.5 25
## 89 Volkswagen Eurovan Van 16.6 19.7 22.7 17
## 90 Volkswagen Passat Compact 17.6 20.0 22.4 21
## 91 Volkswagen Corrado Sporty 22.9 23.3 23.7 18
## 92 Volvo 240 Compact 21.8 22.7 23.5 21
## 93 Volvo 850 Midsize 24.8 26.7 28.5 20
## mpg_highway air_bags drive_train
## 1 31 None Front
## 2 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 3 26 Driver only Front
## 4 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 30 Driver only Rear
## 6 31 Driver only Front
## 7 28 Driver only Front
## 8 25 Driver only Rear
## 9 27 Driver only Front
## 10 25 Driver only Front
## 11 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 12 36 None Front
## 13 34 Driver only Front
## 14 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 15 29 None Front
## 16 23 None Front
## 17 20 None 4WD
## 18 26 Driver only Rear
## 19 25 Driver only Rear
## 20 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 21 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 22 26 Driver only Front
## 23 33 None Front
## 24 29 Driver only Front
## 25 27 Driver only Front
## 26 21 Driver only 4WD
## 27 27 Driver only Front
## 28 24 Driver only 4WD
## 29 33 None Front
## 30 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 31 33 None Front
## 32 30 None Front
## 33 27 None Front
## 34 29 Driver only Rear
## 35 30 Driver only Front
## 36 20 Driver only 4WD
## 37 30 Driver only Front
## 38 26 Driver only Rear
## 39 50 None Front
## 40 36 Driver only Front
## 41 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 42 46 Driver only Front
## 43 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 44 33 None Front
## 45 29 None Front
## 46 34 None Front
## 47 27 None Front
## 48 22 Driver only Rear
## 49 24 Driver only Front
## 50 23 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 51 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 52 26 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 53 37 None Front
## 54 36 None Front
## 55 34 Driver only Front
## 56 24 None 4WD
## 57 25 Driver only Rear
## 58 29 Driver only Rear
## 59 25 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 60 26 Driver only Front
## 61 26 None Rear
## 62 33 None Front
## 63 24 Driver only Front
## 64 33 Driver only Front
## 65 30 Driver only Front
## 66 23 None Front
## 67 26 Driver only Front
## 68 31 None Front
## 69 31 Driver only Front
## 70 23 None Front
## 71 28 Driver only Front
## 72 30 None 4WD
## 73 41 None Front
## 74 31 None Front
## 75 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 76 27 None Front
## 77 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 78 26 Driver only Front
## 79 38 Driver only Front
## 80 37 None 4WD
## 81 30 None 4WD
## 82 30 Driver only 4WD
## 83 43 None Front
## 84 37 Driver only Front
## 85 32 Driver only Front
## 86 29 Driver only Front
## 87 22 Driver only 4WD
## 88 33 None Front
## 89 21 None Front
## 90 30 None Front
## 91 25 None Front
## 92 28 Driver only Rear
## 93 28 Driver & Passenger FrontCars93 %>%
rename_with(toupper)## MANUFACTURER MODEL TYPE MIN_PRICE PRICE MAX_PRICE MPG_CITY
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25
## 2 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18
## 3 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20
## 4 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19
## 5 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22
## 6 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22
## 7 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19
## 8 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16
## 9 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19
## 10 Cadillac DeVille Large 33.0 34.7 36.3 16
## 11 Cadillac Seville Midsize 37.5 40.1 42.7 16
## 12 Chevrolet Cavalier Compact 8.5 13.4 18.3 25
## 13 Chevrolet Corsica Compact 11.4 11.4 11.4 25
## 14 Chevrolet Camaro Sporty 13.4 15.1 16.8 19
## 15 Chevrolet Lumina Midsize 13.4 15.9 18.4 21
## 16 Chevrolet Lumina_APV Van 14.7 16.3 18.0 18
## 17 Chevrolet Astro Van 14.7 16.6 18.6 15
## 18 Chevrolet Caprice Large 18.0 18.8 19.6 17
## 19 Chevrolet Corvette Sporty 34.6 38.0 41.5 17
## 20 Chrylser Concorde Large 18.4 18.4 18.4 20
## 21 Chrysler LeBaron Compact 14.5 15.8 17.1 23
## 22 Chrysler Imperial Large 29.5 29.5 29.5 20
## 23 Dodge Colt Small 7.9 9.2 10.6 29
## 24 Dodge Shadow Small 8.4 11.3 14.2 23
## 25 Dodge Spirit Compact 11.9 13.3 14.7 22
## 26 Dodge Caravan Van 13.6 19.0 24.4 17
## 27 Dodge Dynasty Midsize 14.8 15.6 16.4 21
## 28 Dodge Stealth Sporty 18.5 25.8 33.1 18
## 29 Eagle Summit Small 7.9 12.2 16.5 29
## 30 Eagle Vision Large 17.5 19.3 21.2 20
## 31 Ford Festiva Small 6.9 7.4 7.9 31
## 32 Ford Escort Small 8.4 10.1 11.9 23
## 33 Ford Tempo Compact 10.4 11.3 12.2 22
## 34 Ford Mustang Sporty 10.8 15.9 21.0 22
## 35 Ford Probe Sporty 12.8 14.0 15.2 24
## 36 Ford Aerostar Van 14.5 19.9 25.3 15
## 37 Ford Taurus Midsize 15.6 20.2 24.8 21
## 38 Ford Crown_Victoria Large 20.1 20.9 21.7 18
## 39 Geo Metro Small 6.7 8.4 10.0 46
## 40 Geo Storm Sporty 11.5 12.5 13.5 30
## 41 Honda Prelude Sporty 17.0 19.8 22.7 24
## 42 Honda Civic Small 8.4 12.1 15.8 42
## 43 Honda Accord Compact 13.8 17.5 21.2 24
## 44 Hyundai Excel Small 6.8 8.0 9.2 29
## 45 Hyundai Elantra Small 9.0 10.0 11.0 22
## 46 Hyundai Scoupe Sporty 9.1 10.0 11.0 26
## 47 Hyundai Sonata Midsize 12.4 13.9 15.3 20
## 48 Infiniti Q45 Midsize 45.4 47.9 50.4 17
## 49 Lexus ES300 Midsize 27.5 28.0 28.4 18
## 50 Lexus SC300 Midsize 34.7 35.2 35.6 18
## 51 Lincoln Continental Midsize 33.3 34.3 35.3 17
## 52 Lincoln Town_Car Large 34.4 36.1 37.8 18
## 53 Mazda 323 Small 7.4 8.3 9.1 29
## 54 Mazda Protege Small 10.9 11.6 12.3 28
## 55 Mazda 626 Compact 14.3 16.5 18.7 26
## 56 Mazda MPV Van 16.6 19.1 21.7 18
## 57 Mazda RX-7 Sporty 32.5 32.5 32.5 17
## 58 Mercedes-Benz 190E Compact 29.0 31.9 34.9 20
## 59 Mercedes-Benz 300E Midsize 43.8 61.9 80.0 19
## 60 Mercury Capri Sporty 13.3 14.1 15.0 23
## 61 Mercury Cougar Midsize 14.9 14.9 14.9 19
## 62 Mitsubishi Mirage Small 7.7 10.3 12.9 29
## 63 Mitsubishi Diamante Midsize 22.4 26.1 29.9 18
## 64 Nissan Sentra Small 8.7 11.8 14.9 29
## 65 Nissan Altima Compact 13.0 15.7 18.3 24
## 66 Nissan Quest Van 16.7 19.1 21.5 17
## 67 Nissan Maxima Midsize 21.0 21.5 22.0 21
## 68 Oldsmobile Achieva Compact 13.0 13.5 14.0 24
## 69 Oldsmobile Cutlass_Ciera Midsize 14.2 16.3 18.4 23
## 70 Oldsmobile Silhouette Van 19.5 19.5 19.5 18
## 71 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Large 19.5 20.7 21.9 19
## 72 Plymouth Laser Sporty 11.4 14.4 17.4 23
## 73 Pontiac LeMans Small 8.2 9.0 9.9 31
## 74 Pontiac Sunbird Compact 9.4 11.1 12.8 23
## 75 Pontiac Firebird Sporty 14.0 17.7 21.4 19
## 76 Pontiac Grand_Prix Midsize 15.4 18.5 21.6 19
## 77 Pontiac Bonneville Large 19.4 24.4 29.4 19
## 78 Saab 900 Compact 20.3 28.7 37.1 20
## 79 Saturn SL Small 9.2 11.1 12.9 28
## 80 Subaru Justy Small 7.3 8.4 9.5 33
## 81 Subaru Loyale Small 10.5 10.9 11.3 25
## 82 Subaru Legacy Compact 16.3 19.5 22.7 23
## 83 Suzuki Swift Small 7.3 8.6 10.0 39
## 84 Toyota Tercel Small 7.8 9.8 11.8 32
## 85 Toyota Celica Sporty 14.2 18.4 22.6 25
## 86 Toyota Camry Midsize 15.2 18.2 21.2 22
## 87 Toyota Previa Van 18.9 22.7 26.6 18
## 88 Volkswagen Fox Small 8.7 9.1 9.5 25
## 89 Volkswagen Eurovan Van 16.6 19.7 22.7 17
## 90 Volkswagen Passat Compact 17.6 20.0 22.4 21
## 91 Volkswagen Corrado Sporty 22.9 23.3 23.7 18
## 92 Volvo 240 Compact 21.8 22.7 23.5 21
## 93 Volvo 850 Midsize 24.8 26.7 28.5 20
## MPG_HIGHWAY AIR_BAGS DRIVE_TRAIN
## 1 31 None Front
## 2 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 3 26 Driver only Front
## 4 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 5 30 Driver only Rear
## 6 31 Driver only Front
## 7 28 Driver only Front
## 8 25 Driver only Rear
## 9 27 Driver only Front
## 10 25 Driver only Front
## 11 25 Driver & Passenger Front
## 12 36 None Front
## 13 34 Driver only Front
## 14 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 15 29 None Front
## 16 23 None Front
## 17 20 None 4WD
## 18 26 Driver only Rear
## 19 25 Driver only Rear
## 20 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 21 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 22 26 Driver only Front
## 23 33 None Front
## 24 29 Driver only Front
## 25 27 Driver only Front
## 26 21 Driver only 4WD
## 27 27 Driver only Front
## 28 24 Driver only 4WD
## 29 33 None Front
## 30 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 31 33 None Front
## 32 30 None Front
## 33 27 None Front
## 34 29 Driver only Rear
## 35 30 Driver only Front
## 36 20 Driver only 4WD
## 37 30 Driver only Front
## 38 26 Driver only Rear
## 39 50 None Front
## 40 36 Driver only Front
## 41 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 42 46 Driver only Front
## 43 31 Driver & Passenger Front
## 44 33 None Front
## 45 29 None Front
## 46 34 None Front
## 47 27 None Front
## 48 22 Driver only Rear
## 49 24 Driver only Front
## 50 23 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 51 26 Driver & Passenger Front
## 52 26 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 53 37 None Front
## 54 36 None Front
## 55 34 Driver only Front
## 56 24 None 4WD
## 57 25 Driver only Rear
## 58 29 Driver only Rear
## 59 25 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 60 26 Driver only Front
## 61 26 None Rear
## 62 33 None Front
## 63 24 Driver only Front
## 64 33 Driver only Front
## 65 30 Driver only Front
## 66 23 None Front
## 67 26 Driver only Front
## 68 31 None Front
## 69 31 Driver only Front
## 70 23 None Front
## 71 28 Driver only Front
## 72 30 None 4WD
## 73 41 None Front
## 74 31 None Front
## 75 28 Driver & Passenger Rear
## 76 27 None Front
## 77 28 Driver & Passenger Front
## 78 26 Driver only Front
## 79 38 Driver only Front
## 80 37 None 4WD
## 81 30 None 4WD
## 82 30 Driver only 4WD
## 83 43 None Front
## 84 37 Driver only Front
## 85 32 Driver only Front
## 86 29 Driver only Front
## 87 22 Driver only 4WD
## 88 33 None Front
## 89 21 None Front
## 90 30 None Front
## 91 25 None Front
## 92 28 Driver only Rear
## 93 28 Driver & Passenger Front\(~\)
Cars93 <- Cars93 %>% mutate(price_2 = 100 - price)library(magrittr)
Cars93 %<>% mutate(price_2 = 100 - price)Cars93 %<>%
mutate(price_3 = ifelse(price < 30, 0, 1))Cars93 %<>%
mutate(price_4 = ifelse(price <= 20, 0,
ifelse(price < 30, 1,
ifelse(price < 40, 2,
ifelse(price >= 41, 3, NA)))))\(~\)
Cars93 %>%
transmute(manufacturer, model, PP = max_price/min_price)## manufacturer model PP
## 1 Acura Integra 1.457364
## 2 Acura Legend 1.325342
## 3 Audi 90 1.247104
## 4 Audi 100 1.448052
## 5 BMW 535i 1.527426
## 6 Buick Century 1.218310
## 7 Buick LeSabre 1.090452
## 8 Buick Roadmaster 1.101770
## 9 Buick Riviera 1.000000
## 10 Cadillac DeVille 1.100000
## 11 Cadillac Seville 1.138667
## 12 Chevrolet Cavalier 2.152941
## 13 Chevrolet Corsica 1.000000
## 14 Chevrolet Camaro 1.253731
## 15 Chevrolet Lumina 1.373134
## 16 Chevrolet Lumina_APV 1.224490
## 17 Chevrolet Astro 1.265306
## 18 Chevrolet Caprice 1.088889
## 19 Chevrolet Corvette 1.199422
## 20 Chrylser Concorde 1.000000
## 21 Chrysler LeBaron 1.179310
## 22 Chrysler Imperial 1.000000
## 23 Dodge Colt 1.341772
## 24 Dodge Shadow 1.690476
## 25 Dodge Spirit 1.235294
## 26 Dodge Caravan 1.794118
## 27 Dodge Dynasty 1.108108
## 28 Dodge Stealth 1.789189
## 29 Eagle Summit 2.088608
## 30 Eagle Vision 1.211429
## 31 Ford Festiva 1.144928
## 32 Ford Escort 1.416667
## 33 Ford Tempo 1.173077
## 34 Ford Mustang 1.944444
## 35 Ford Probe 1.187500
## 36 Ford Aerostar 1.744828
## 37 Ford Taurus 1.589744
## 38 Ford Crown_Victoria 1.079602
## 39 Geo Metro 1.492537
## 40 Geo Storm 1.173913
## 41 Honda Prelude 1.335294
## 42 Honda Civic 1.880952
## 43 Honda Accord 1.536232
## 44 Hyundai Excel 1.352941
## 45 Hyundai Elantra 1.222222
## 46 Hyundai Scoupe 1.208791
## 47 Hyundai Sonata 1.233871
## 48 Infiniti Q45 1.110132
## 49 Lexus ES300 1.032727
## 50 Lexus SC300 1.025937
## 51 Lincoln Continental 1.060060
## 52 Lincoln Town_Car 1.098837
## 53 Mazda 323 1.229730
## 54 Mazda Protege 1.128440
## 55 Mazda 626 1.307692
## 56 Mazda MPV 1.307229
## 57 Mazda RX-7 1.000000
## 58 Mercedes-Benz 190E 1.203448
## 59 Mercedes-Benz 300E 1.826484
## 60 Mercury Capri 1.127820
## 61 Mercury Cougar 1.000000
## 62 Mitsubishi Mirage 1.675325
## 63 Mitsubishi Diamante 1.334821
## 64 Nissan Sentra 1.712644
## 65 Nissan Altima 1.407692
## 66 Nissan Quest 1.287425
## 67 Nissan Maxima 1.047619
## 68 Oldsmobile Achieva 1.076923
## 69 Oldsmobile Cutlass_Ciera 1.295775
## 70 Oldsmobile Silhouette 1.000000
## 71 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight 1.123077
## 72 Plymouth Laser 1.526316
## 73 Pontiac LeMans 1.207317
## 74 Pontiac Sunbird 1.361702
## 75 Pontiac Firebird 1.528571
## 76 Pontiac Grand_Prix 1.402597
## 77 Pontiac Bonneville 1.515464
## 78 Saab 900 1.827586
## 79 Saturn SL 1.402174
## 80 Subaru Justy 1.301370
## 81 Subaru Loyale 1.076190
## 82 Subaru Legacy 1.392638
## 83 Suzuki Swift 1.369863
## 84 Toyota Tercel 1.512821
## 85 Toyota Celica 1.591549
## 86 Toyota Camry 1.394737
## 87 Toyota Previa 1.407407
## 88 Volkswagen Fox 1.091954
## 89 Volkswagen Eurovan 1.367470
## 90 Volkswagen Passat 1.272727
## 91 Volkswagen Corrado 1.034934
## 92 Volvo 240 1.077982
## 93 Volvo 850 1.149194\(~\)
Cars93 %>%
summarise(Pricemean = mean(price, na.rm = T)# mean
,Pricemedian = median(price, na.rm = T) # median
,Pricesd = sd(price, na.rm = T) # standard deviation
,Pricemin = min(price, na.rm = T) # min
,Pricemax = max(price, na.rm = T) # max
,PriceIQR = IQR(price, na.rm = T) # IQR(사분위수)
,Pricesum = sum(price, na.rm = T)# sum
,Pricen = n())## Pricemean Pricemedian Pricesd Pricemin Pricemax PriceIQR Pricesum Pricen
## 1 19.50968 17.7 9.65943 7.4 61.9 11.1 1814.4 93Cars93 %>%
filter(!is.na(price)) %>%
summarise(mean = mean(price, na.rm = T)# mean
,median = median(price, na.rm = T) # median
,sd = sd(price, na.rm = T) # standard deviation
,min = min(price, na.rm = T) # min
,max = max(price, na.rm = T) # max
,IQR = IQR(price, na.rm = T) # IQR(사분위수)
,sum = sum(price, na.rm = T)# sum
,n = n())## mean median sd min max IQR sum n
## 1 19.50968 17.7 9.65943 7.4 61.9 11.1 1814.4 93Cars93 %>%
filter(!is.na(price)) %>%
group_by(manufacturer) %>%
summarise(mean = mean(price, na.rm = T)# mean
,median = median(price, na.rm = T) # median
,sd = sd(price, na.rm = T) # standard deviation
,min = min(price, na.rm = T) # min
,max = max(price, na.rm = T) # max
,IQR = IQR(price, na.rm = T) # IQR(사분위수)
,sum = sum(price, na.rm = T)# sum
,n = n())## # A tibble: 32 x 9
## manufacturer mean median sd min max IQR sum n
## <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <int>
## 1 Acura 24.9 24.9 12.7 15.9 33.9 9 49.8 2
## 2 Audi 33.4 33.4 6.08 29.1 37.7 4.3 66.8 2
## 3 BMW 30 30 NA 30 30 0 30 1
## 4 Buick 21.6 22.2 4.54 15.7 26.3 4.82 86.5 4
## 5 Cadillac 37.4 37.4 3.82 34.7 40.1 2.70 74.8 2
## 6 Chevrolet 18.2 16.1 8.30 11.4 38 2.48 146. 8
## 7 Chrylser 18.4 18.4 NA 18.4 18.4 0 18.4 1
## 8 Chrysler 22.6 22.6 9.69 15.8 29.5 6.85 45.3 2
## 9 Dodge 15.7 14.4 6.00 9.2 25.8 6.35 94.2 6
## 10 Eagle 15.8 15.8 5.02 12.2 19.3 3.55 31.5 2
## # ... with 22 more rowsCars93 %>%
filter(max_price >= 26) %>%
group_by(manufacturer) %>%
summarise(mean = mean(price, na.rm = T)# mean
,median = median(price, na.rm = T) # median
,sd = sd(price, na.rm = T) # standard deviation
,min = min(price, na.rm = T) # min
,max = max(price, na.rm = T) # max
,IQR = IQR(price, na.rm = T) # IQR(사분위수)
,sum = sum(price, na.rm = T)# sum
,n = n())## # A tibble: 18 x 9
## manufacturer mean median sd min max IQR sum n
## <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <int>
## 1 Acura 33.9 33.9 NA 33.9 33.9 0 33.9 1
## 2 Audi 33.4 33.4 6.08 29.1 37.7 4.3 66.8 2
## 3 BMW 30 30 NA 30 30 0 30 1
## 4 Buick 26.3 26.3 NA 26.3 26.3 0 26.3 1
## 5 Cadillac 37.4 37.4 3.82 34.7 40.1 2.70 74.8 2
## 6 Chevrolet 38 38 NA 38 38 0 38 1
## 7 Chrysler 29.5 29.5 NA 29.5 29.5 0 29.5 1
## 8 Dodge 25.8 25.8 NA 25.8 25.8 0 25.8 1
## 9 Infiniti 47.9 47.9 NA 47.9 47.9 0 47.9 1
## 10 Lexus 31.6 31.6 5.09 28 35.2 3.60 63.2 2
## 11 Lincoln 35.2 35.2 1.27 34.3 36.1 0.900 70.4 2
## 12 Mazda 32.5 32.5 NA 32.5 32.5 0 32.5 1
## 13 Mercedes-Benz 46.9 46.9 21.2 31.9 61.9 15 93.8 2
## 14 Mitsubishi 26.1 26.1 NA 26.1 26.1 0 26.1 1
## 15 Pontiac 24.4 24.4 NA 24.4 24.4 0 24.4 1
## 16 Saab 28.7 28.7 NA 28.7 28.7 0 28.7 1
## 17 Toyota 22.7 22.7 NA 22.7 22.7 0 22.7 1
## 18 Volvo 26.7 26.7 NA 26.7 26.7 0 26.7 1Cars93 %>%
filter(max_price >= 26) %>%
group_by(manufacturer, air_bags) %>%
summarise(mean = mean(price, na.rm = T)# mean
,median = median(price, na.rm = T) # median
,sd = sd(price, na.rm = T) # standard deviation
,min = min(price, na.rm = T) # min
,max = max(price, na.rm = T) # max
,IQR = IQR(price, na.rm = T) # IQR(사분위수)
,sum = sum(price, na.rm = T)# sum
,n = n())## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'manufacturer'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.## # A tibble: 22 x 10
## # Groups: manufacturer [18]
## manufacturer air_bags mean median sd min max IQR sum n
## <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <int>
## 1 Acura Driver & Passe~ 33.9 33.9 NA 33.9 33.9 0 33.9 1
## 2 Audi Driver & Passe~ 37.7 37.7 NA 37.7 37.7 0 37.7 1
## 3 Audi Driver only 29.1 29.1 NA 29.1 29.1 0 29.1 1
## 4 BMW Driver only 30 30 NA 30 30 0 30 1
## 5 Buick Driver only 26.3 26.3 NA 26.3 26.3 0 26.3 1
## 6 Cadillac Driver & Passe~ 40.1 40.1 NA 40.1 40.1 0 40.1 1
## 7 Cadillac Driver only 34.7 34.7 NA 34.7 34.7 0 34.7 1
## 8 Chevrolet Driver only 38 38 NA 38 38 0 38 1
## 9 Chrysler Driver only 29.5 29.5 NA 29.5 29.5 0 29.5 1
## 10 Dodge Driver only 25.8 25.8 NA 25.8 25.8 0 25.8 1
## # ... with 12 more rowsCars93 %>%
filter(max_price >= 26, manufacturer == c("Audi")) %>%
group_by(manufacturer, air_bags) %>%
summarise(mean = mean(price, na.rm = T)# mean
,median = median(price, na.rm = T) # median
,sd = sd(price, na.rm = T) # standard deviation
,min = min(price, na.rm = T) # min
,max = max(price, na.rm = T) # max
,IQR = IQR(price, na.rm = T) # IQR(사분위수)
,sum = sum(price, na.rm = T)# sum
,n = n())## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'manufacturer'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.## # A tibble: 2 x 10
## # Groups: manufacturer [1]
## manufacturer air_bags mean median sd min max IQR sum n
## <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <int>
## 1 Audi Driver & Passen~ 37.7 37.7 NA 37.7 37.7 0 37.7 1
## 2 Audi Driver only 29.1 29.1 NA 29.1 29.1 0 29.1 1Cars93 %>% summarise_at(vars("max_price", "min_price", "price")
, funs(Mean = mean, Max = max, Min = min, SD = sd, IQR = IQR)
, na.rm = T) # 결측치 제거한 뒤## max_price_Mean min_price_Mean price_Mean max_price_Max min_price_Max
## 1 21.89892 17.12581 19.50968 80 45.4
## price_Max max_price_Min min_price_Min price_Min max_price_SD min_price_SD
## 1 61.9 7.9 6.7 7.4 11.03046 8.746029
## price_SD max_price_IQR min_price_IQR price_IQR
## 1 9.65943 10.6 9.5 11.1\(~\)
Cars93 %>% count(manufacturer, sort = T) #sort = T: 내림차순## manufacturer n
## 1 Chevrolet 8
## 2 Ford 8
## 3 Dodge 6
## 4 Mazda 5
## 5 Pontiac 5
## 6 Buick 4
## 7 Hyundai 4
## 8 Nissan 4
## 9 Oldsmobile 4
## 10 Toyota 4
## 11 Volkswagen 4
## 12 Honda 3
## 13 Subaru 3
## 14 Acura 2
## 15 Audi 2
## 16 Cadillac 2
## 17 Chrysler 2
## 18 Eagle 2
## 19 Geo 2
## 20 Lexus 2
## 21 Lincoln 2
## 22 Mercedes-Benz 2
## 23 Mercury 2
## 24 Mitsubishi 2
## 25 Volvo 2
## 26 BMW 1
## 27 Chrylser 1
## 28 Infiniti 1
## 29 Plymouth 1
## 30 Saab 1
## 31 Saturn 1
## 32 Suzuki 1Cars93 %>% count(manufacturer, wt = max_price, sort = T)## manufacturer n
## 1 Chevrolet 162.6
## 2 Ford 140.0
## 3 Mercedes-Benz 114.9
## 4 Dodge 113.4
## 5 Pontiac 95.1
## 6 Mazda 94.3
## 7 Buick 90.2
## 8 Toyota 82.2
## 9 Cadillac 79.0
## 10 Volkswagen 78.3
## 11 Audi 76.9
## 12 Nissan 76.7
## 13 Oldsmobile 73.8
## 14 Lincoln 73.1
## 15 Lexus 64.0
## 16 Honda 59.7
## 17 Acura 57.5
## 18 Volvo 52.0
## 19 Infiniti 50.4
## 20 Chrysler 46.6
## 21 Hyundai 46.5
## 22 Subaru 43.5
## 23 Mitsubishi 42.8
## 24 Eagle 37.7
## 25 Saab 37.1
## 26 BMW 36.2
## 27 Mercury 29.9
## 28 Geo 23.5
## 29 Chrylser 18.4
## 30 Plymouth 17.4
## 31 Saturn 12.9
## 32 Suzuki 10.0Cars93 %>% count(type, air_bags, sort = T)## type air_bags n
## 1 Small None 16
## 2 Midsize Driver only 11
## 3 Compact Driver only 9
## 4 Sporty Driver only 8
## 5 Large Driver only 7
## 6 Midsize Driver & Passenger 7
## 7 Van None 6
## 8 Compact None 5
## 9 Small Driver only 5
## 10 Large Driver & Passenger 4
## 11 Midsize None 4
## 12 Sporty Driver & Passenger 3
## 13 Sporty None 3
## 14 Van Driver only 3
## 15 Compact Driver & Passenger 2\(~\)
Cars93 %>% top_n(1, price)## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city mpg_highway
## 1 Mercedes-Benz 300E Midsize 43.8 61.9 80 19 25
## air_bags drive_train price_2 price_3 price_4
## 1 Driver & Passenger Rear 38.1 1 3Cars93 %>%
group_by(manufacturer) %>%
top_n(2, mpg_city)## # A tibble: 59 x 13
## # Groups: manufacturer [32]
## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city mpg_highway
## <fct> <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <int> <int>
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25 31
## 2 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18 25
## 3 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20 26
## 4 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19 26
## 5 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30 36.2 22 30
## 6 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22 31
## 7 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19 28
## 8 Buick Riviera Midsize 26.3 26.3 26.3 19 27
## 9 Cadillac DeVille Large 33 34.7 36.3 16 25
## 10 Cadillac Seville Midsize 37.5 40.1 42.7 16 25
## # ... with 49 more rows, and 5 more variables: air_bags <fct>,
## # drive_train <fct>, price_2 <dbl>, price_3 <dbl>, price_4 <dbl>Cars93 %>%
group_by(model) %>%
top_n(1, price)## # A tibble: 93 x 13
## # Groups: model [93]
## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city mpg_highway
## <fct> <fct> <fct> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <int> <int>
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25 31
## 2 Acura Legend Midsi~ 29.2 33.9 38.7 18 25
## 3 Audi 90 Compa~ 25.9 29.1 32.3 20 26
## 4 Audi 100 Midsi~ 30.8 37.7 44.6 19 26
## 5 BMW 535i Midsi~ 23.7 30 36.2 22 30
## 6 Buick Century Midsi~ 14.2 15.7 17.3 22 31
## 7 Buick LeSabre Large 19.9 20.8 21.7 19 28
## 8 Buick Roadmaster Large 22.6 23.7 24.9 16 25
## 9 Buick Riviera Midsi~ 26.3 26.3 26.3 19 27
## 10 Cadillac DeVille Large 33 34.7 36.3 16 25
## # ... with 83 more rows, and 5 more variables: air_bags <fct>,
## # drive_train <fct>, price_2 <dbl>, price_3 <dbl>, price_4 <dbl>\(~\)
Cars93 %>%
distinct(model) %>% head()## model
## 1 Integra
## 2 Legend
## 3 90
## 4 100
## 5 535i
## 6 CenturyCars93 %>%
distinct(model) %>%
count()## n
## 1 93Cars93 %>% slice(1:6) # = head(Cars93)## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city mpg_highway
## 1 Acura Integra Small 12.9 15.9 18.8 25 31
## 2 Acura Legend Midsize 29.2 33.9 38.7 18 25
## 3 Audi 90 Compact 25.9 29.1 32.3 20 26
## 4 Audi 100 Midsize 30.8 37.7 44.6 19 26
## 5 BMW 535i Midsize 23.7 30.0 36.2 22 30
## 6 Buick Century Midsize 14.2 15.7 17.3 22 31
## air_bags drive_train price_2 price_3 price_4
## 1 None Front 84.1 0 0
## 2 Driver & Passenger Front 66.1 1 2
## 3 Driver only Front 70.9 0 1
## 4 Driver & Passenger Front 62.3 1 2
## 5 Driver only Rear 70.0 1 2
## 6 Driver only Front 84.3 0 0Cars93 %>% slice(80:n()) ## manufacturer model type min_price price max_price mpg_city mpg_highway
## 1 Subaru Justy Small 7.3 8.4 9.5 33 37
## 2 Subaru Loyale Small 10.5 10.9 11.3 25 30
## 3 Subaru Legacy Compact 16.3 19.5 22.7 23 30
## 4 Suzuki Swift Small 7.3 8.6 10.0 39 43
## 5 Toyota Tercel Small 7.8 9.8 11.8 32 37
## 6 Toyota Celica Sporty 14.2 18.4 22.6 25 32
## 7 Toyota Camry Midsize 15.2 18.2 21.2 22 29
## 8 Toyota Previa Van 18.9 22.7 26.6 18 22
## 9 Volkswagen Fox Small 8.7 9.1 9.5 25 33
## 10 Volkswagen Eurovan Van 16.6 19.7 22.7 17 21
## 11 Volkswagen Passat Compact 17.6 20.0 22.4 21 30
## 12 Volkswagen Corrado Sporty 22.9 23.3 23.7 18 25
## 13 Volvo 240 Compact 21.8 22.7 23.5 21 28
## 14 Volvo 850 Midsize 24.8 26.7 28.5 20 28
## air_bags drive_train price_2 price_3 price_4
## 1 None 4WD 91.6 0 0
## 2 None 4WD 89.1 0 0
## 3 Driver only 4WD 80.5 0 0
## 4 None Front 91.4 0 0
## 5 Driver only Front 90.2 0 0
## 6 Driver only Front 81.6 0 0
## 7 Driver only Front 81.8 0 0
## 8 Driver only 4WD 77.3 0 1
## 9 None Front 90.9 0 0
## 10 None Front 80.3 0 0
## 11 None Front 80.0 0 0
## 12 None Front 76.7 0 1
## 13 Driver only Rear 77.3 0 1
## 14 Driver & Passenger Front 73.3 0 1\(_\)
Cars93 %>% group_by(air_bags) %>% summarize(meanPrice = mean(price))## # A tibble: 3 x 2
## air_bags meanPrice
## <fct> <dbl>
## 1 Driver & Passenger 28.4
## 2 Driver only 21.2
## 3 None 13.2Cars93 %>% filter(price >= 30) %>% group_by(manufacturer) %>% summarize(meanPrice = mean(price))## # A tibble: 10 x 2
## manufacturer meanPrice
## <fct> <dbl>
## 1 Acura 33.9
## 2 Audi 37.7
## 3 BMW 30
## 4 Cadillac 37.4
## 5 Chevrolet 38
## 6 Infiniti 47.9
## 7 Lexus 35.2
## 8 Lincoln 35.2
## 9 Mazda 32.5
## 10 Mercedes-Benz 46.9\(~\)
Cars93 %>% group_by(type) %>% tally()## # A tibble: 6 x 2
## type n
## <fct> <int>
## 1 Compact 16
## 2 Large 11
## 3 Midsize 22
## 4 Small 21
## 5 Sporty 14
## 6 Van 9Cars93 %>% count(type)## type n
## 1 Compact 16
## 2 Large 11
## 3 Midsize 22
## 4 Small 21
## 5 Sporty 14
## 6 Van 9Cars93 %>% filter(price >= 30) %>% group_by(manufacturer) %>% tally()## # A tibble: 10 x 2
## manufacturer n
## <fct> <int>
## 1 Acura 1
## 2 Audi 1
## 3 BMW 1
## 4 Cadillac 2
## 5 Chevrolet 1
## 6 Infiniti 1
## 7 Lexus 1
## 8 Lincoln 2
## 9 Mazda 1
## 10 Mercedes-Benz 2Cars93 %>% filter(price >= 30) %>% group_by(manufacturer) %>% tally(sort = T) #sort = T: 내림차순## # A tibble: 10 x 2
## manufacturer n
## <fct> <int>
## 1 Cadillac 2
## 2 Lincoln 2
## 3 Mercedes-Benz 2
## 4 Acura 1
## 5 Audi 1
## 6 BMW 1
## 7 Chevrolet 1
## 8 Infiniti 1
## 9 Lexus 1
## 10 Mazda 1library(tidyverse)## -- Attaching packages --------------------------------------- tidyverse 1.3.1 --## v ggplot2 3.3.5 v purrr 0.3.4
## v tibble 3.1.6 v stringr 1.4.0
## v tidyr 1.2.0 v forcats 0.5.1
## v readr 2.1.2## -- Conflicts ------------------------------------------ tidyverse_conflicts() --
## x tidyr::extract() masks magrittr::extract()
## x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## x dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
## x MASS::select() masks dplyr::select()
## x purrr::set_names() masks magrittr::set_names()Cars93 %>% tally(price)## n
## 1 1814.4Cars93 %>% group_by(manufacturer) %>% count(price)## # A tibble: 92 x 3
## # Groups: manufacturer [32]
## manufacturer price n
## <fct> <dbl> <int>
## 1 Acura 15.9 1
## 2 Acura 33.9 1
## 3 Audi 29.1 1
## 4 Audi 37.7 1
## 5 BMW 30 1
## 6 Buick 15.7 1
## 7 Buick 20.8 1
## 8 Buick 23.7 1
## 9 Buick 26.3 1
## 10 Cadillac 34.7 1
## # ... with 82 more rowsCars93 %>% count(manufacturer, wt = price)## manufacturer n
## 1 Acura 49.8
## 2 Audi 66.8
## 3 BMW 30.0
## 4 Buick 86.5
## 5 Cadillac 74.8
## 6 Chevrolet 145.5
## 7 Chrylser 18.4
## 8 Chrysler 45.3
## 9 Dodge 94.2
## 10 Eagle 31.5
## 11 Ford 119.7
## 12 Geo 20.9
## 13 Honda 49.4
## 14 Hyundai 41.9
## 15 Infiniti 47.9
## 16 Lexus 63.2
## 17 Lincoln 70.4
## 18 Mazda 88.0
## 19 Mercedes-Benz 93.8
## 20 Mercury 29.0
## 21 Mitsubishi 36.4
## 22 Nissan 68.1
## 23 Oldsmobile 70.0
## 24 Plymouth 14.4
## 25 Pontiac 80.7
## 26 Saab 28.7
## 27 Saturn 11.1
## 28 Subaru 38.8
## 29 Suzuki 8.6
## 30 Toyota 69.1
## 31 Volkswagen 72.1
## 32 Volvo 49.4Cars93 %>% filter(price >= 30) %>% group_by(manufacturer) %>% summarize(빈도수 = n()) %>% arrange(desc(빈도수))## # A tibble: 10 x 2
## manufacturer 빈도수
## <fct> <int>
## 1 Cadillac 2
## 2 Lincoln 2
## 3 Mercedes-Benz 2
## 4 Acura 1
## 5 Audi 1
## 6 BMW 1
## 7 Chevrolet 1
## 8 Infiniti 1
## 9 Lexus 1
## 10 Mazda 1