Ejemplo de uso de colores en R

# Usamos un data set de vehículos

data<-mtcars
data$vs<-as.factor(data$vs)
data$am<-as.factor(data$am)

summary(data)
##       mpg             cyl             disp             hp       
##  Min.   :10.40   Min.   :4.000   Min.   : 71.1   Min.   : 52.0  
##  1st Qu.:15.43   1st Qu.:4.000   1st Qu.:120.8   1st Qu.: 96.5  
##  Median :19.20   Median :6.000   Median :196.3   Median :123.0  
##  Mean   :20.09   Mean   :6.188   Mean   :230.7   Mean   :146.7  
##  3rd Qu.:22.80   3rd Qu.:8.000   3rd Qu.:326.0   3rd Qu.:180.0  
##  Max.   :33.90   Max.   :8.000   Max.   :472.0   Max.   :335.0  
##       drat             wt             qsec       vs     am          gear      
##  Min.   :2.760   Min.   :1.513   Min.   :14.50   0:18   0:19   Min.   :3.000  
##  1st Qu.:3.080   1st Qu.:2.581   1st Qu.:16.89   1:14   1:13   1st Qu.:3.000  
##  Median :3.695   Median :3.325   Median :17.71                 Median :4.000  
##  Mean   :3.597   Mean   :3.217   Mean   :17.85                 Mean   :3.688  
##  3rd Qu.:3.920   3rd Qu.:3.610   3rd Qu.:18.90                 3rd Qu.:4.000  
##  Max.   :4.930   Max.   :5.424   Max.   :22.90                 Max.   :5.000  
##       carb      
##  Min.   :1.000  
##  1st Qu.:2.000  
##  Median :2.000  
##  Mean   :2.812  
##  3rd Qu.:4.000  
##  Max.   :8.000
# scatterplot

library(ggplot2)

grafica<-ggplot(data, aes(mpg,hp,color=am))
grafica<-grafica + geom_point()
grafica

grafica<-ggplot(data, aes(mpg,hp,color=cyl)) #cyl como continua
grafica<-grafica + geom_point()
grafica

grafica<-ggplot(data, aes(mpg,hp,color=as.factor(cyl))) #cyl como factor
grafica<-grafica + geom_point()
grafica

grafica<-ggplot(data, aes(mpg,hp,color=as.factor(cyl)))
grafica<-grafica + geom_point()
grafica<-grafica+ scale_color_brewer(type="seq", palette="BuPu")
grafica

grafica<-ggplot(data, aes(mpg,hp,color=as.factor(cyl), size=2, alpha=hp))
grafica<-grafica + geom_point()
grafica<-grafica + scale_color_manual(values=c("#8b005a","#c7b5ff","#3f9500"))
grafica

grafica<-ggplot(data, aes(mpg, color=as.factor(cyl)))
grafica<-grafica + geom_histogram(bins=7)
grafica<-grafica+ scale_fill_brewer(type="qual", palette="Dark2")
grafica

grafica<-ggplot(data, aes(mpg,hp,color=drat,size=wt))
grafica<-grafica + geom_point()
grafica<-grafica + scale_color_viridis_c(option="inferno")
grafica