CV19_ELV
A Thorpe
09/12/2021
1 Data Quality Checks
We only included participants with a gc score of 1. Those with a gc value equal to 1 designate the Good Completes on the filter supplied by Qualtrics.
That is currently 1811 participants.
| gc | n |
|---|---|
| 1 | 1811 |
We will filter out all except the good completes.
data <- data %>%filter(gc == "1")
pander(data %>% group_by(gc) %>% tally())| gc | n |
|---|---|
| 1 | 1811 |
tabyl(data$DistributionChannel) %>% adorn_totals("row") %>% adorn_pct_formatting() #This is just to make sure there are not any Qualtrics test runs left in by accident (they would show up as "test" or "preview")## data$DistributionChannel n percent
## anonymous 1811 100.0%
## Total 1811 100.0%We will filter out all the 59 respondents we identified.
data <- data[ ! data$ResponseId %in% c("R_2WGZc6ab1cwMC54","R_1ITbQDELBPHqXQg","R_11ZnRVoQhRA8hkV","R_3FXtjOtbeIgE9vM","R_1dy1GYs9pfC5stc","R_1EiM4q8GR7mO7fn","R_2fIpfy6K8UbMO39","R_3g6jqKGMKdXPlCi","R_1GJnotyiADtcTuQ","R_1QlyIQBa9qItW8b","R_2tnfT6K9EwzPTOv","R_eqB6DH7CXEdMBs5","R_2PuimtkBOMjUqO1","R_3D8bjN8lwxlwDYx","R_3kIeX3pdJeZcm6A","R_20Ng5m1LYPiyqfL","R_xFxHLnB3Y5ZHADn","R_1LZN0rdw8mtXQjp","R_1qeKtyXo33mYLCR","R_1OJCv44uhtlhncU","R_UzlVhM4QQJjWZbj","R_22SyRlipm0xexBB","R_1i20re6WA7PrxRa","R_12DOXiRcACN0gLj","R_3ffzLGTnDAUl4tS","R_3pgv9C1GuNhTGtI","R_2YgGty90WwQgxJh","R_2xW7rAuyyn07sKP","R_TngxLZFHHiq4YRH","R_3EAx1bqKNCjJSPN","R_2zAsoTAqw6iCi8y","R_2qxZo1SjCzgd4o6","R_1k235cTk6b750Zy","R_1GTvueUGLM1B4Vk","R_Oe6VH3HerEfNrEJ","R_1jEfsVssUqiEGET","R_2zdoCgYPq95YybN","R_UAXaGMqMJpfL4s1","R_3KNHkmvtm32Peyn","R_2v0t0amQk9ur9wN","R_2dQPYLq4kOeuSNr","R_TtLc4V4kSqlAwXT","R_2xRXhpOtrsxfFDb","R_3khacemb8jN2m0q","R_BKCPyjrRvn92v8B","R_1Cg4mhZFkidIBZB","R_3sjBB7A3n7yQcWr","R_2qgBTPWhEInPnVk","R_3dMt9MtXZTffASP","R_2OHWrHDFYnqNEFz","R_b4rxndHfcrspwwp", "R_eRTDtXmr4af1EaZ", "R_3qPaRZSY1gRg1B4", "R_0iAHv2uNHwEx7eV", "R_1gtDX8UwQ1ksxDi", "R_2WMV2pCktQ2PHsN", "R_2PnSuabNRahytp3", "R_8CdCZrL7jXoFcK5", "R_3MamkdHHG4v6CP5"), ]
pander(data %>% group_by(gc) %>% tally())| gc | n |
|---|---|
| 1 | 1752 |
tabyl(data$DistributionChannel) %>% adorn_totals("row") %>% adorn_pct_formatting() #This is just to make sure there are not any Qualtrics test runs left in by accident (they would show up as "test" or "preview")## data$DistributionChannel n percent
## anonymous 1752 100.0%
## Total 1752 100.0%2 Timing
2.1 All respondents
Median completion timing for all respondents:
## [1] "9M 24.5S"1/3rd of overall median completion timing for all respondents:
## [1] 188.1667## [1] "3M 8.16669999999999S"Mean completion timing for all respondents:
## [1] "11M 3.98000000000002S"Quickest timing (seems fast; is less than 1/3 of the median time):
## [1] "2M 42S"We decided to exclude all those <1/3 of the median overall time (n=19). Leaving us with 1733.
| gc | n |
|---|---|
| 1 | 1733 |
2.2 Vaccination status
## data$VaxStatus_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Not received a COVID-19 vaccine 812 46.9% 46.9%
## One dose (Pfizer or Moderna) 111 6.4% 6.4%
## Two doses (Pfizer or Moderna) 466 26.9% 26.9%
## Two doses AND a booster (Pfizer or Moderna) 244 14.1% 14.1%
## One dose (J&J) 51 2.9% 2.9%
## One dose AND a booster (J&J) 48 2.8% 2.8%
## <NA> 1 0.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%## data$VaxStatus_1 n percent
## 1 0.1%
## Not vaccinated 812 46.9%
## Vaccinated 920 53.1%
## Total 1733 100.0%2.3 Prior covid infection
## data$HadCoV_Fct n percent valid_percent
## No: Pretty sure/certain not had COVID-19 1009 58.2% 58.4%
## Yes: Pretty sure/certain had COVID-19 477 27.5% 27.6%
## Not sure 241 13.9% 14.0%
## <NA> 6 0.3% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%2.4 Checking Quotas
We asked for:
- 500 respondents who have had COVID-19 (we got 477)
- 500 subjects who have NOT had Covid and who have been vaccinated (we got 499)
- 500 subjects who have NOT had Covid and who have NOT been vaccinated (we got 509)
Essentially, the sixth and seventh rows should have 500 in each and then the thrid and fourth rows should have 500 combined
| HadCoV_Fct | VaxStatus_1 | count |
|---|---|---|
| Not sure | Not vaccinated | 81 |
| Not sure | Vaccinated | 160 |
| Yes: Pretty sure/certain had COVID-19 | Not vaccinated | 221 |
| Yes: Pretty sure/certain had COVID-19 | Vaccinated | 256 |
| No: Pretty sure/certain not had COVID-19 | 1 | |
| No: Pretty sure/certain not had COVID-19 | Not vaccinated | 509 |
| No: Pretty sure/certain not had COVID-19 | Vaccinated | 499 |
| NA | Not vaccinated | 1 |
| NA | Vaccinated | 5 |
3 Vaccine and infection qs
3.1 HadCoV_how
## HadCoV_How_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Positive COVID-19 test 274 15.8% 57.6%
## No test: told by HC provider 67 3.9% 14.1%
## No test: assumed based on symptoms/exposure 124 7.2% 26.1%
## 1 + 2 3 0.2% 0.6%
## 1 + 3 2 0.1% 0.4%
## 2 + 3 6 0.3% 1.3%
## 1 + 2 + 3 0 0.0% 0.0%
## <NA> 1257 72.5% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%
3.2 Booster intentions
Only shown to those who had 2 doses of moderna or pfizer (n=466) or 1 of the J&J (n=51) with no booster yet. So should be (n=517)
## VaxBoost_Fct n percent valid_percent
## I will definitely not get a booster 27 1.6% 5.2%
## I will probably not get a booster 30 1.7% 5.8%
## I don’t know if I will get a booster 79 4.6% 15.3%
## I will probably get a booster 133 7.7% 25.8%
## I will definitely get a booster 247 14.3% 47.9%
## <NA> 1217 70.2% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%
| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Booster intentions | 1 | 516 | 4.052326 | 1.155474 | 4 | 4.253623 | 1.4826 | 1 | 5 | 4 | -1.141925 | 0.448551 | 0.0508669 |
3.3 Vaccine intentions
Only shown to those who had 0 doses (n=812).
## VaxIntent_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Will definitely not get a vaccine 423 24.4% 52.1%
## Will probably not get a vaccine 131 7.6% 16.1%
## I don't know 139 8.0% 17.1%
## Will probably get a vaccine 65 3.8% 8.0%
## Will definitely get a vaccine 54 3.1% 6.7%
## <NA> 921 53.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%
| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccine intentions | 1 | 812 | 2.009852 | 1.269932 | 1 | 1.804615 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 0.9953836 | -0.2015971 | 0.0445659 |
3.4 VaccinexInfection timeline
Only shown to those who had covid and been vaccinated ≥1 dose (n=302).
## WhenHadCoV_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Before I got a COVID-19 vaccine 154 8.9% 60.2%
## After I got a COVID-19 vaccine 78 4.5% 30.5%
## Both before and after I got a COVID-19 vaccine 24 1.4% 9.4%
## <NA> 1477 85.2% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%
3.5 Vaccine Benefit/Safety
Important: remember that means have been calculated after removing those who answer “unsure”
As far as you know what is the benefit of a COVID-19 vaccine to a person who has…
| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not had CV19 | 1 | 1367 | 2.919532 | 1.162225 | 3 | 3.023744 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | -0.5786732 | -1.180358 | 0.0314345 |
| Had had CV19 | 2 | 1367 | 2.691295 | 1.195320 | 3 | 2.738813 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | -0.2862361 | -1.453255 | 0.0323296 |
##
## Paired samples t-test
##
## Variables: VaxBnftNoCoV_Num , VaxBnftHadCoV_Num
##
## Descriptive statistics:
## VaxBnftNoCoV_Num VaxBnftHadCoV_Num difference
## mean 2.920 2.691 0.228
## std dev. 1.162 1.195 0.827
##
## Hypotheses:
## null: population means equal for both measurements
## alternative: different population means for each measurement
##
## Test results:
## t-statistic: 10.201
## degrees of freedom: 1366
## p-value: <.001
##
## Other information:
## two-sided 95% confidence interval: [0.184, 0.272]
## estimated effect size (Cohen's d): 0.276
As far as you know how safe is a COVID-19 vaccine for a person who has
| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not had CV19 | 1 | 1280 | 3.004688 | 1.080777 | 3 | 3.130859 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | -0.7221983 | -0.8128742 | 0.0302086 |
| Had CV19 | 2 | 1280 | 2.937500 | 1.045112 | 3 | 3.046875 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | -0.6513646 | -0.7739859 | 0.0292118 |
##
## Paired samples t-test
##
## Variables: VaxSafeNoCoV_Num , VaxSafeHadCoV_Num
##
## Descriptive statistics:
## VaxSafeNoCoV_Num VaxSafeHadCoV_Num difference
## mean 3.005 2.938 0.067
## std dev. 1.081 1.045 0.646
##
## Hypotheses:
## null: population means equal for both measurements
## alternative: different population means for each measurement
##
## Test results:
## t-statistic: 3.719
## degrees of freedom: 1279
## p-value: <.001
##
## Other information:
## two-sided 95% confidence interval: [0.032, 0.103]
## estimated effect size (Cohen's d): 0.104
3.6 Vaccine Benefit/Safety X Infection timeline
Here looking if safety/benefit perceptions differ based on infection timeline. Currently I am comparing across all three groups of people who had COVID either before, after, or both before and after the vaccine. However, as we only have 26 who had covid before and after, I wonder if it is better to just focus on the before vs after comparison.
As far as you know, what is the benefit of a vaccine to a person who has…
As far as you know, how safe is a COVID-19 vaccine for a person who has….
Here looking across all respondents.
As far as you know, what is the benefit of a vaccine to a person who has…
As far as you know, how safe is a COVID-19 vaccine for a person who has….
4 Lies
4.1 General
## measurement
## condition No Yes NA_ Total
## GenLie_Disagree 1275 (73.6%) 453 (26.1%) 5 (0.3%) 1733 (100.0%)
## GenLie_Exer 1396 (80.6%) 332 (19.2%) 5 (0.3%) 1733 (100.0%)
## GenLie_Depres 1242 (71.7%) 490 (28.3%) 1 (0.1%) 1733 (100.0%)
## GenLie_Drug 1381 (79.7%) 352 (20.3%) 0 (0.0%) 1733 (100.0%)4.2 CoV Symptoms
4.3 Screening/inperson
4.4 Precautions
4.5 Vaccination
4.6 Testing
4.7 Quarantine
## CoVLiedata_long_complete$measurement n percent
## Never Had CV19 78 0.005923451
## No 9755 0.740811057
## Yes 3335 0.253265492## measurement
## condition Never Had CV19 No Yes Total
## CoVSymp 0 (0.0%) 919 (53.0%) 814 (47.0%) 1733 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_PrvdrScreen 27 (2.8%) 752 (77.4%) 193 (19.9%) 972 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_PublicScreen 24 (2.4%) 793 (80.9%) 163 (16.6%) 980 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_InPerson 27 (2.8%) 779 (79.5%) 174 (17.8%) 980 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_Precau 0 (0.0%) 1306 (75.7%) 420 (24.3%) 1726 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_HadVax 0 (0.0%) 748 (92.3%) 62 (7.7%) 810 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_Exmpt 0 (0.0%) 739 (91.0%) 73 (9.0%) 812 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_NoVax 0 (0.0%) 813 (88.6%) 105 (11.4%) 918 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_Tested 0 (0.0%) 643 (79.0%) 171 (21.0%) 814 (100.0%)
## AskedToQteen 0 (0.0%) 888 (51.2%) 845 (48.8%) 1733 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_Qteen 0 (0.0%) 720 (85.2%) 125 (14.8%) 845 (100.0%)
## CoVBrk_Qteen 0 (0.0%) 655 (77.5%) 190 (22.5%) 845 (100.0%)5 Children
5.1 Parent/step-parent
5.2 Child and CoV
6 Lies (Child)
6.1 Inperson/testing
6.2 Quarantine
6.3 Vaccination
#Here we need to work out the proportion of parents who lied about their child's age based on all parents who think they could have.
# To do so we take the number of parents who said they lied about their kids' age and divide that by the number of parents who said they lied about their kids' age PLUS the number who say they think they could have done so but didn't, then times by 100
(56 / (56+69))*100 #This gives us 45% who COULD have lied about their kid's age did## [1] 44.8
## measurement
## condition No Yes Total
## ChildU18 1061 (61.3%) 671 (38.7%) 1732 (100.0%)
## ChildU18Lived 89 (13.3%) 580 (86.7%) 669 (100.0%)
## ChildCoVSymp 353 (60.9%) 227 (39.1%) 580 (100.0%)## measurement
## condition No[none] Not sure[any have] Yes[≥1] Yes[all] Total
## HadCoV_kid 381 (65.7%) 44 (7.6%) 104 (17.9%) 51 (8.8%) 580 (100.0%)## measurement
## condition Kid never Had CV19 No Yes Total
## CoVLie_InPerson_kid 6 (2.2%) 200 (74.3%) 63 (23.4%) 269 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_Tested_kid 0 (0.0%) 183 (80.6%) 44 (19.4%) 227 (100.0%)
## AskedToQteen_kid 0 (0.0%) 262 (45.2%) 318 (54.8%) 580 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_Qteen_kid 0 (0.0%) 266 (83.6%) 52 (16.4%) 318 (100.0%)
## CoVBrk_Qteen_kid 0 (0.0%) 251 (78.9%) 67 (21.1%) 318 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_kidAge 0 (0.0%) 522 (90.3%) 56 (9.7%) 578 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_kidLook 0 (0.0%) 452 (86.8%) 69 (13.2%) 521 (100.0%)## measurement
## condition No[none] No[not old enough] Yes[all] Yes[some] Total
## ChildVaxed 154 (26.6%) 237 (40.9%) 116 (20.0%) 73 (12.6%) 580 (100.0%)## measurement
## condition No Yes Total
## CoVLie_HadVax_kid 417 (89.9%) 47 (10.1%) 464 (100.0%)
## CoVLie_NoVax_kid 166 (87.8%) 23 (12.2%) 189 (100.0%)7 Lie reasons
7.1 Provider screening
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted my life to feel “normal” (i.e., how I felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 101 (52.6%) | 192 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 91 (47.6%) | 191 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 88 (46.3%) | 190 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t feel very sick. | 84 (44.0%) | 191 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 83 (43.5%) | 191 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to have to get tested for COVID-19. | 80 (42.1%) | 190 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to be stopped from doing something I needed to do. (i.e., have my appointment with the health care provider). | 81 (42.2%) | 192 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think I really had COVID-19. | 70 (36.5%) | 192 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 70 (36.5%) | 192 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 67 (34.9%) | 192 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 66 (34.6%) | 191 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 64 (33.5%) | 191 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 60 (31.4%) | 191 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.1.1 Any other reasons?
7.1.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.2 Public Screening
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted my life to feel “normal” (i.e., how I felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 94 (57.7%) | 163 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t feel very sick. | 82 (50.3%) | 163 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 81 (49.7%) | 163 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to be stopped from doing something I needed to do (e.g., go to the grocery store). | 78 (48.1%) | 162 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to have to get tested for COVID-19. | 74 (46.0%) | 161 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 74 (45.7%) | 162 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think I really had COVID-19. | 71 (43.6%) | 163 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 67 (41.4%) | 162 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 64 (39.8%) | 161 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 65 (39.9%) | 163 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 62 (38.0%) | 163 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 57 (35.2%) | 162 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.2.1 Any other reasons?
7.2.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.3 In person
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted my life to feel “normal” (i.e., how I felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 87 (50.9%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t feel very sick. | 77 (45.0%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 76 (44.4%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss important non-work responsibilities to stay home (e.g., get groceries, care for loved ones). | 75 (44.1%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 75 (43.9%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think I really had COVID-19. | 71 (41.5%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| I was bored or lonely. | 70 (40.9%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 69 (40.4%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 66 (38.8%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss work to stay home. | 66 (38.4%) | 172 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 62 (36.3%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want them to be angry at me for exposing them. | 60 (35.5%) | 169 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 60 (34.9%) | 172 (100.0%) |
| I was confused about the rules for quarantine. | 57 (33.5%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 56 (32.7%) | 171 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 53 (31.4%) | 169 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 50 (29.4%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.3.1 Any other reasons?
7.3.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.4 Precautions
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted my life to feel “normal” (i.e., how I felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 222 (53.2%) | 417 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 190 (45.6%) | 417 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 174 (41.9%) | 415 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss important non-work responsibilities to stay home (e.g., get groceries, care for loved ones). | 172 (41.4%) | 415 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 167 (40.2%) | 415 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 147 (35.3%) | 416 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss work to stay home. | 140 (33.7%) | 415 (100.0%) |
| I was bored or lonely. | 139 (33.5%) | 415 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 136 (32.8%) | 415 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 133 (32.0%) | 416 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want them to be angry at me for exposing them. | 128 (30.8%) | 415 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 117 (28.1%) | 417 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 107 (25.7%) | 416 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 104 (24.9%) | 417 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.4.1 Any other reasons?
7.4.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.5 Vaccinated when not
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| It’s no one else’s business. | 33 (53.2%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 31 (50.0%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my life to feel “normal” (i.e., how I felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 31 (50.0%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 25 (40.3%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 25 (40.3%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to be able to do something where being vaccinated was required (e.g., go to a special event, get together with friends or family who were vaccinated, etc). | 24 (38.7%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 22 (36.1%) | 61 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 22 (35.5%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 20 (32.3%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I needed to be able to go to work. | 20 (32.3%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 19 (31.1%) | 61 (100.0%) |
| I needed to be able to attend college classes. | 11 (17.7%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.5.1 Any other reasons?
7.5.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.6 Vaccine exemption
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted my life to feel “normal” (i.e., how I felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 40 (54.8%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 38 (52.8%) | 72 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 37 (50.7%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| I needed to be able to go to work. | 24 (32.9%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 23 (31.5%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 23 (31.5%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 23 (31.5%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to be able to do something where being vaccinated was required (e.g., go to a special event, get together with friends or family who were vaccinated, etc). | 22 (30.6%) | 72 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 21 (28.8%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 18 (25.0%) | 72 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 16 (21.9%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| I needed to be able to attend college classes. | 11 (15.1%) | 73 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.6.1 Any other reasons?
7.6.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.7 Not vaccinated when are
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| It’s no one else’s business. | 57 (54.8%) | 104 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 55 (52.9%) | 104 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 54 (51.9%) | 104 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 51 (49.0%) | 104 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 47 (45.6%) | 103 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.7.1 Any other reasons?
7.7.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.8 Avoid test
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I didn’t feel very sick. | 80 (47.1%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 79 (46.5%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I was worried it would hurt or be uncomfortable to get tested. | 72 (42.4%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 71 (42.0%) | 169 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to have to deal with the consequences of a test showing that I had COVID-19 (e.g., my family would have to quarantine, I would have to miss work, my child would miss school, etc). | 65 (38.2%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think I really had COVID-19. | 63 (37.3%) | 169 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 62 (36.5%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want the government to have my personal medical information. | 61 (35.9%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to keep COVID-19 rates low in my area so public health measures were not put in place (e.g., closing schools, mask mandates). | 55 (32.7%) | 168 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 54 (32.0%) | 169 (100.0%) |
| I thought I couldn’t afford the cost of getting tested. | 51 (30.4%) | 168 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 52 (30.6%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 51 (30.2%) | 169 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 50 (29.6%) | 169 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 47 (27.8%) | 169 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t have time to get tested. | 45 (26.8%) | 168 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t know how or where to get tested. | 41 (24.1%) | 170 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.8.1 Any other reasons?
7.8.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.9 Lie Qtine
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I didn’t feel very sick. | 70 (56.9%) | 123 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss important non-work responsibilities to stay home (e.g., get groceries, care for loved ones). | 69 (55.2%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 68 (54.4%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 67 (53.6%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my life to feel “normal” (i.e., how I felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 66 (53.2%) | 124 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think I really had COVID-19. | 62 (49.6%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I was bored or lonely. | 59 (47.2%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 55 (44.7%) | 123 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 55 (44.0%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 53 (42.4%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 52 (41.9%) | 124 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 52 (41.9%) | 124 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want them to be angry at me for exposing them. | 51 (41.1%) | 124 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 51 (40.8%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss work to stay home. | 49 (39.2%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 48 (38.4%) | 125 (100.0%) |
| I was confused about the rules for quarantine. | 46 (37.1%) | 124 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.9.1 Any other reasons?
7.9.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.10 Broke Qtine
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| It’s no one else’s business. | 112 (59.3%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my life to feel “normal” (i.e., how I felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 105 (55.6%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want. | 100 (52.9%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss important non-work responsibilities to stay home (e.g., get groceries, care for loved ones). | 100 (52.6%) | 190 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t feel very sick. | 93 (48.9%) | 190 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think I really had COVID-19. | 90 (47.6%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| condition | 2 | Total |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 80 (42.3%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 78 (41.3%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I was bored or lonely. | 77 (40.5%) | 190 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 75 (39.5%) | 190 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss work to stay home. | 70 (37.2%) | 188 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 70 (37.0%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I was confused about the rules for quarantine. | 61 (32.3%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 59 (31.2%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me. | 56 (29.6%) | 189 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 53 (28.2%) | 188 (100.0%) |
7.10.1 Any other reasons?
7.10.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.11 In person (kid)
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want with my child. | 33 (52.4%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| My child didn’t feel very sick. | 30 (47.6%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child’s life to feel “normal” (i.e., how they felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 29 (46.0%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 28 (44.4%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss important non-work responsibilities to stay home (e.g., get groceries, care for loved ones). | 27 (43.5%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think my child really had COVID-19. | 27 (42.9%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss school to stay home. | 27 (42.9%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me or my child. | 25 (40.3%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 25 (39.7%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 25 (39.7%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss important activities to stay home (e.g., music, sports, clubs). | 24 (38.1%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I was confused about the rules for quarantine. | 23 (36.5%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want them to be angry at me or my child for exposing them. | 22 (34.9%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| My child was bored or lonely. | 22 (34.9%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss work to stay home. | 22 (34.9%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 21 (33.3%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 20 (32.3%) | 62 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 19 (30.2%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 18 (28.6%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 16 (25.4%) | 63 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.11.1 Any other reasons?
7.11.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.12 Avoid test (kid)
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| My child and/or I were worried it would hurt or be uncomfortable to get tested. | 24 (54.5%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want with my child. | 22 (50.0%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 18 (40.9%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 16 (36.4%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I thought I couldn’t afford the cost of getting my child tested. | 16 (36.4%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to have to deal with the consequences of a test showing that my child had COVID-19 (e.g., my family would have to quarantine, I would have to miss work, my child would miss school, etc). | 16 (36.4%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| My child didn’t feel very sick. | 15 (34.1%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to keep COVID-19 rates low in my area so public health measures were not put in place (e.g., closing schools, mask mandates). | 15 (34.1%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think my child really had COVID-19. | 14 (32.6%) | 43 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 14 (31.8%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 14 (31.8%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t have time to get my child tested. | 14 (31.8%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want the government to have my child’s personal medical information. | 14 (31.8%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me or my child. | 13 (29.5%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 12 (27.3%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t know how or where to get my child tested. | 11 (25.0%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 9 (20.5%) | 44 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.12.1 Any other reasons?
7.12.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.13 Lie Qtine (kid)
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I didn’t want them to be angry at me or my child for exposing them. | 25 (48.1%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss important activities to stay home (e.g., music, sports, clubs). | 24 (46.2%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think my child really had COVID-19. | 22 (42.3%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child’s life to feel “normal” (i.e., how they felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 22 (42.3%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss important non-work responsibilities to stay home (e.g., get groceries, care for loved ones). | 21 (41.2%) | 51 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 21 (40.4%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| My child didn’t feel very sick. | 20 (38.5%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me or my child. | 20 (38.5%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 20 (38.5%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 20 (38.5%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 20 (38.5%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want with my child. | 19 (36.5%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss school to stay home. | 19 (36.5%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 18 (35.3%) | 51 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 18 (35.3%) | 51 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss work to stay home. | 17 (32.7%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 16 (30.8%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 16 (30.8%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| My child was bored or lonely. | 16 (30.8%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| I was confused about the rules for quarantine. | 13 (25.0%) | 52 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.13.1 Any other reasons?
7.13.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.14 Broke Qtine (kid)
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want with my child. | 32 (48.5%) | 66 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 30 (44.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child’s life to feel “normal” (i.e., how they felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 30 (44.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss important non-work responsibilities to stay home (e.g., get groceries, care for loved ones). | 29 (43.3%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think my child really had COVID-19. | 28 (41.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| My child didn’t feel very sick. | 28 (41.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss important activities to stay home (e.g., music, sports, clubs). | 26 (38.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| My child was bored or lonely. | 24 (35.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me or my child. | 23 (34.3%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 22 (32.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 22 (32.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I couldn’t miss work to stay home. | 22 (32.8%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want to miss an event or other fun activity to stay home. | 21 (31.8%) | 66 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want my child to miss school to stay home. | 20 (29.9%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 19 (28.4%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 18 (26.9%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| I was confused about the rules for quarantine. | 16 (24.6%) | 65 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 16 (24.2%) | 66 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 14 (20.9%) | 67 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.14.1 Any other reasons?
7.14.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.15 Lie vax age (kid)
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want with my child. | 37 (66.1%) | 56 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child vaccinated to lower their risk of COVID-19 in time for school or camp. | 36 (64.3%) | 56 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child vaccinated to lower their risk of COVID-19 in time for a trip or a visit with family or friends. | 32 (57.1%) | 56 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child vaccinated to lower their risk of COVID-19 in general. | 30 (53.6%) | 56 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child vaccinated to lower their risk of COVID-19 in time for an event or activity that they were participating in. | 28 (50.0%) | 56 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.15.1 Any other reasons?
7.16 Vaccinated when not (kid)
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I wanted to exercise my freedom to do what I want with my child. | 31 (67.4%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child’s life to feel “normal” (i.e., how they felt before the COVID-19 pandemic began). | 28 (62.2%) | 45 (100.0%) |
| I wanted my child to be able to do something where being vaccinated was required (e.g., go to a special event, get together with friends or family who were vaccinated, etc). | 28 (60.9%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 24 (52.2%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 22 (47.8%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me or my child. | 21 (45.7%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 19 (41.3%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 18 (39.1%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was real. | 16 (34.8%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think COVID-19 was a big deal. | 15 (32.6%) | 46 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.16.1 Any other reasons?
7.16.2 Reasons for feeling judged
7.17 Not vaccinated when are (kid)
| .1 | .2 | |
|---|---|---|
| I was following guidance from a public figure that I trust (e.g., politicians, scientists, people on the news, celebrities). | 15 (65.2%) | 23 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want someone to judge or think badly of me or my child. | 13 (56.5%) | 23 (100.0%) |
| It’s no one else’s business. | 10 (43.5%) | 23 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t think it mattered. | 9 (39.1%) | 23 (100.0%) |
| I didn’t want certain people to know. | 8 (34.8%) | 23 (100.0%) |
| condition | Yes | Total |
7.17.1 Any other reasons?
7.17.2 Reasons for feeling judged
8 Vax and masking qs
8.1 Anonymous vaccination
## data$AnonVaxIntent_Chr n percent valid_percent
## Maybe 73 4.2% 10.5%
## No 582 33.6% 84.0%
## Yes 38 2.2% 5.5%
## <NA> 1040 60.0% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%## data$AnonVax_Chr n percent valid_percent
## No 825 47.6% 89.6%
## Yes 96 5.5% 10.4%
## <NA> 812 46.9% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%
8.2 Masking
How often, if at all, have you worn a protective mask in each of the following places in the past month?
Important: remember that means have been calculated after removing those who answer “I dont go to this place”
| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outdoors (crowded places) | 1 | 1563 | 2.607805 | 1.170646 | 3 | 2.634692 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | -0.1165053 | -1.468951 | 0.0296105 |
| Outdoor (w/friends/family) | 2 | 1625 | 2.282462 | 1.203277 | 2 | 2.228286 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 0.2761788 | -1.483619 | 0.0298496 |
| At work | 3 | 1221 | 2.805078 | 1.211153 | 3 | 2.881269 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | -0.3892808 | -1.442572 | 0.0346610 |
| Grocery store | 4 | 1671 | 2.879114 | 1.137699 | 3 | 2.973822 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | -0.4474883 | -1.272691 | 0.0278317 |
| Public transport | 5 | 1018 | 2.897839 | 1.201186 | 3 | 2.996323 | 1.4826 | 1 | 4 | 3 | -0.5515931 | -1.287950 | 0.0376475 |
## $total
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.9043416 0.9049074 0.8951392 0.655554 9.516064 0.003681614 2.687668 1.017094
## median_r
## 0.6681383## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 1707 2.69 1.02 2.8 2.73 1.28 1 4 3 -0.22 -1.22 0.028.3 Mask + vax norm
| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mask compared to others | 1 | 1729 | 3.178138 | 1.219331 | 3 | 3.222383 | 1.4826 | 1 | 5 | 4 | -0.1131789 | -0.7242084 | 0.0293241 |
| Other vax | 2 | 1732 | 3.042725 | 1.102185 | 3 | 3.038239 | 1.4826 | 1 | 5 | 4 | -0.0300413 | -0.8236272 | 0.0264838 |
8.4 Mandates
## data$MaskMandateSchools n percent valid_percent
## No 463 26.7% 26.7%
## Yes 837 48.3% 48.4%
## Unsure 431 24.9% 24.9%
## <NA> 2 0.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%## data$VaxMandateWork n percent valid_percent
## Not currently employed 717 41.4% 47.0%
## No 587 33.9% 38.5%
## Yes: Employer requires vaccination 220 12.7% 14.4%
## Yes: Employed requires vaccination or test 0 0.0% 0.0%
## <NA> 209 12.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%## data$VaxRequireOther n percent valid_percent
## No 1272 73.4% 73.5%
## Yes 458 26.4% 26.5%
## <NA> 3 0.2% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%
8.5 Exemptions
## data$MedExempt n percent valid_percent
## No 1538 88.7% 88.8%
## Yes 194 11.2% 11.2%
## <NA> 1 0.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%## data$ReligExempt n percent valid_percent
## No 1540 88.9% 88.9%
## Yes 192 11.1% 11.1%
## <NA> 1 0.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%
8.5.1 Medical reasons:
8.5.2 Religious reasons:
8.6 Any final thoughts
9 Demographics
9.1 Age
Mean age and plot of all ages.
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 1724 40.87 15.17 38 39.66 14.83 18 87 69 0.65 -0.29 0.37
9.2 Gender
## data$Gender_Model n percent valid_percent
## Female 1143 66.0% 67.6%
## Male 548 31.6% 32.4%
## <NA> 42 2.4% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%9.3 Race/Ethnicity
## data$NonHispanicWhite_Fct n percent valid_percent
## No 553 31.9% 32.5%
## Yes 1151 66.4% 67.5%
## <NA> 29 1.7% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%9.4 Education
How participants best described their highest level of education
## data$Education_Fct n percent
## None 16 0.9%
## Elementary school 5 0.3%
## Some high school but no diploma 95 5.5%
## High school (Diploma or GED) 606 35.0%
## Some college, but no degree 425 24.5%
## Trade school 114 6.6%
## Bachelor’s degree (BS, BA, etc.) 354 20.4%
## Master’s degree (MA, MPH, etc.) 95 5.5%
## Doctoral/Professional degree (PhD, MD, etc.) 21 1.2%
## No response 2 0.1%
## Total 1733 100.0%9.5 Rural/Urban
How participants best described the place where they live
## data$UrbanRural_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Rural 486 28.0% 28.1%
## Small (less than 100,000) 281 16.2% 16.3%
## Suburban near large city 564 32.5% 32.6%
## Mid sized city (100,000 to 1million) 145 8.4% 8.4%
## large city more than 1million 248 14.3% 14.4%
## Other 4 0.2% 0.2%
## <NA> 5 0.3% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%9.6 States/Regions
Looking at regions based on states. (note: I need to add District of Columbia to a region)
9.6.1 Region
## data$State_Region n percent valid_percent
## Midwest 363 20.9% 21.1%
## Northeast 302 17.4% 17.5%
## South 861 49.7% 49.9%
## West 198 11.4% 11.5%
## <NA> 9 0.5% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%9.6.2 State
10 Individual differences
10.1 Politics
## data$Political_Fct n percent
## Democrat 596 34.4%
## Republican 462 26.7%
## Independent 425 24.5%
## Liberal third party 23 1.3%
## Conservative third party 5 0.3%
## No political party affiliation 222 12.8%
## Total 1733 100.0%
## data$PoliticalSocial_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Very liberal 184 10.6% 10.6%
## Liberal 176 10.2% 10.2%
## Slightly liberal 124 7.2% 7.2%
## Moderate 775 44.7% 44.8%
## Slightly conservative 131 7.6% 7.6%
## Conservative 186 10.7% 10.7%
## Very conservative 155 8.9% 9.0%
## <NA> 2 0.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Political views | 1 | 1731 | 3.965338 | 1.65734 | 4 | 3.969675 | 1.4826 | 1 | 7 | 6 | -0.0256081 | -0.4392216 | 0.0398348 |
10.2 Religion
## data$Religiosity_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Not at all religious 410 23.7% 23.7%
## 2 133 7.7% 7.7%
## 3 135 7.8% 7.8%
## 4 267 15.4% 15.4%
## 5 292 16.8% 16.9%
## 6 207 11.9% 12.0%
## Very religious 288 16.6% 16.6%
## <NA> 1 0.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Religiosity | 1 | 1732 | 3.964781 | 2.158756 | 4 | 3.955989 | 2.9652 | 1 | 7 | 6 | -0.0971393 | -1.348893 | 0.0518716 |
## data$ReligiousViews_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Very traditional 233 13.4% 13.5%
## 2 163 9.4% 9.4%
## 3 159 9.2% 9.2%
## 4 306 17.7% 17.7%
## 5 213 12.3% 12.3%
## 6 124 7.2% 7.2%
## Very progressive 181 10.4% 10.5%
## I'm not religious at all 352 20.3% 20.3%
## <NA> 2 0.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Religious views | 1 | 1379 | 3.869471 | 1.946771 | 4 | 3.837104 | 2.9652 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 0.0379519 | -1.073161 | 0.0524243 |
10.3 Vax general
## data$VaxGeneral_Fct n percent valid_percent
## Very negative 224 12.9% 12.9%
## 2 92 5.3% 5.3%
## 3 143 8.3% 8.3%
## 4 323 18.6% 18.6%
## 5 249 14.4% 14.4%
## 6 200 11.5% 11.5%
## Very positive 501 28.9% 28.9%
## <NA> 1 0.1% -
## Total 1733 100.0% 100.0%| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vax General | 1 | 1732 | 4.665704 | 2.056038 | 5 | 4.83189 | 2.9652 | 1 | 7 | 6 | -0.4434629 | -1.004312 | 0.0494034 |
10.4 Belief in science
The reliability of the (lack of) Belief in science items is good. Cronbach’s Alpha is .94.
## $total
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.9385171 0.9385071 0.9286404 0.717807 15.26204 0.002287949 4.009546 1.503151
## median_r
## 0.7180274## $sample.size
## [1] 1724
##
## $number.of.items
## [1] 6
##
## $alpha
## [1] 0.9387535Overall descriptives
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 1732 4.01 1.5 4 4.04 1.48 1 7 6 -0.18 -0.37 0.04## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew
## beliefinscience_1 1 1729 4.06 1.73 4 4.09 1.48 1 7 6 -0.15
## beliefinscience_2 2 1729 4.10 1.68 4 4.13 1.48 1 7 6 -0.17
## beliefinscience_3 3 1730 4.01 1.68 4 4.04 1.48 1 7 6 -0.13
## beliefinscience_4 4 1730 4.02 1.76 4 4.04 1.48 1 7 6 -0.13
## beliefinscience_5 5 1730 3.90 1.73 4 3.90 1.48 1 7 6 -0.06
## beliefinscience_6 6 1729 3.97 1.73 4 3.98 1.48 1 7 6 -0.09
## kurtosis se
## beliefinscience_1 -0.75 0.04
## beliefinscience_2 -0.62 0.04
## beliefinscience_3 -0.63 0.04
## beliefinscience_4 -0.82 0.04
## beliefinscience_5 -0.77 0.04
## beliefinscience_6 -0.77 0.04Reported belief in science for each item
10.5 Conspiracy theories
The reliability of the Belief in conspiracy theories items is good. Cronbach’s Alpha is .90.
## $total
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.8956035 0.8956985 0.8905664 0.5886915 8.587591 0.0039039 2.604311 1.035319
## median_r
## 0.6094757Overall descriptives
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 1732 2.6 1.04 2.83 2.58 0.99 1 5 4 0.01 -0.75 0.02## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew
## conspiracy_1 1 1732 2.94 1.32 3 2.92 1.48 1 5 4 -0.10
## conspiracy_2 2 1732 2.80 1.30 3 2.75 1.48 1 5 4 -0.02
## conspiracy_3 3 1732 2.73 1.30 3 2.67 1.48 1 5 4 0.05
## conspiracy_4 4 1732 2.38 1.29 2 2.26 1.48 1 5 4 0.42
## conspiracy_5 5 1731 2.11 1.27 2 1.94 1.48 1 5 4 0.77
## conspiracy_6 6 1732 2.67 1.18 3 2.63 1.48 1 5 4 0.01
## kurtosis se
## conspiracy_1 -1.10 0.03
## conspiracy_2 -1.08 0.03
## conspiracy_3 -1.11 0.03
## conspiracy_4 -0.99 0.03
## conspiracy_5 -0.61 0.03
## conspiracy_6 -0.82 0.03Reported belief in each conspiracy theory item
10.6 Info Sources
From where do you get guidance regarding COVID-19?
## measurement
## condition No Yes Total
## My doctor 657 (38.2%) 1061 (61.8%) 1718 (100.0%)
## Friends 1048 (61.2%) 665 (38.8%) 1713 (100.0%)
## Family 904 (52.8%) 809 (47.2%) 1713 (100.0%)
## Local Health Dept 846 (49.5%) 864 (50.5%) 1710 (100.0%)
## CDC 812 (47.4%) 902 (52.6%) 1714 (100.0%)
## Google 986 (57.5%) 730 (42.5%) 1716 (100.0%)
## A certain politician 1562 (93.5%) 109 (6.5%) 1671 (100.0%)
## A certain celebrity 1595 (94.9%) 85 (5.1%) 1680 (100.0%)
## A certain media personality 1563 (93.4%) 111 (6.6%) 1674 (100.0%)10.6.1 Politician
10.6.2 Celebrity
10.6.3 Media personality
11 Checking for DV
11.1 COVID Lying questions only
We can see below that 623 (36%) lied at least once to one of the LYING COVID questions and 1110 (64%) did not lie at all on these questions.
(Provider screen, public screen, in-person, precautions, had vax, not had vax, need for quarantine)
## data$TimesLied n percent
## 0 1110 64.1%
## 1 338 19.5%
## 2 115 6.6%
## 3 76 4.4%
## 4 47 2.7%
## 5 24 1.4%
## 6 23 1.3%
## Total 1733 100.0%Here we can see that respondents reported lying to 15% (±24%) of the questions on average with the median and mode both 0%. We can also see the data are highly skewed with a long tail.
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 1733 0.15 0.24 0 0.09 0 0 1 1 1.72 2.28 0.01
## data$Avg_TimesLied n percent
## 0 1110 64.1%
## 0.166666666666667 130 7.5%
## 0.2 86 5.0%
## 0.25 1 0.1%
## 0.333333333333333 132 7.6%
## 0.4 37 2.1%
## 0.5 92 5.3%
## 0.6 23 1.3%
## 0.666666666666667 55 3.2%
## 0.75 2 0.1%
## 0.8 10 0.6%
## 0.833333333333333 23 1.3%
## 1 32 1.8%
## Total 1733 100.0%
Here we can see that respondents who lied at least once reported lying to 41% (±24%) of the questions on average with the median 33%.
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 623 0.41 0.24 0.33 0.38 0.25 0.17 1 0.83 0.92 0.02 0.01
## data_liars$Avg_TimesLied n percent
## 0.166666666666667 130 20.9%
## 0.2 86 13.8%
## 0.25 1 0.2%
## 0.333333333333333 132 21.2%
## 0.4 37 5.9%
## 0.5 92 14.8%
## 0.6 23 3.7%
## 0.666666666666667 55 8.8%
## 0.75 2 0.3%
## 0.8 10 1.6%
## 0.833333333333333 23 3.7%
## 1 32 5.1%
## Total 623 100.0%
11.2 All COVID adult questions
We can see below that 721 (42%) lied at least once to one of the LYING + NON-ADHERENCE COVID questions and 1012 (58%) did not lie at all on these questions.
(Provider screen, public screen, in-person, precautions, had vax, not had vax, need for quarantine, avoid testing, broke quarantine)
## data$TimesLied_all n percent
## 0 1012 58.4%
## 1 364 21.0%
## 2 133 7.7%
## 3 91 5.3%
## 4 57 3.3%
## 5 29 1.7%
## 6 20 1.2%
## 7 9 0.5%
## 8 18 1.0%
## Total 1733 100.0%Here we can see that respondents reported lying to 15% (±23%) of the questions on average with the median and mode both 0%. We can also see the data are highly skewed with a long tail.
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 1733 0.15 0.23 0 0.1 0 0 1 1 1.68 2.25 0.01
## data$Avg_TimesLied_all n percent
## 0 1012 58.4%
## 0.125 135 7.8%
## 0.142857142857143 11 0.6%
## 0.166666666666667 81 4.7%
## 0.2 13 0.8%
## 0.25 138 8.0%
## 0.285714285714286 3 0.2%
## 0.333333333333333 29 1.7%
## 0.375 43 2.5%
## 0.4 9 0.5%
## 0.428571428571429 7 0.4%
## 0.5 133 7.7%
## 0.571428571428571 3 0.2%
## 0.6 7 0.4%
## 0.625 24 1.4%
## 0.666666666666667 13 0.8%
## 0.714285714285714 3 0.2%
## 0.75 31 1.8%
## 0.8 2 0.1%
## 0.833333333333333 2 0.1%
## 0.875 9 0.5%
## 1 25 1.4%
## Total 1733 100.0%
Here we can see that respondents who lied at least once reported lying to 36% (±23%) of the questions on average with the median 25%.
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 721 0.36 0.23 0.25 0.33 0.19 0.12 1 0.88 1.01 0.36 0.01
## data_liars_all$Avg_TimesLied_all n percent
## 0.125 135 18.7%
## 0.142857142857143 11 1.5%
## 0.166666666666667 81 11.2%
## 0.2 13 1.8%
## 0.25 138 19.1%
## 0.285714285714286 3 0.4%
## 0.333333333333333 29 4.0%
## 0.375 43 6.0%
## 0.4 9 1.2%
## 0.428571428571429 7 1.0%
## 0.5 133 18.4%
## 0.571428571428571 3 0.4%
## 0.6 7 1.0%
## 0.625 24 3.3%
## 0.666666666666667 13 1.8%
## 0.714285714285714 3 0.4%
## 0.75 31 4.3%
## 0.8 2 0.3%
## 0.833333333333333 2 0.3%
## 0.875 9 1.2%
## 1 25 3.5%
## Total 721 100.0%
12 EVCI
The reliability of the Emory vaccine items is good. Cronbach’s Alpha is .92.
## $total
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.9244769 0.9245709 0.929513 0.6050842 12.25748 0.002767594 1.758596 0.7963367
## median_r
## 0.586101Overall descriptives
## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min max range skew kurtosis se
## X1 1 1733 14.04 6.38 15 14.51 5.93 0 24 24 -0.61 -0.31 0.15Vaccine confidence for each item
Trust: Scientists involved in developingand testing new vaccines
Trust: Federal government agencies responsible formonitoring the safety of recommended vaccines
Trust: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,the federal government agency that makesrecommendations about who should getlicensed vaccines
Trust: Food & Drug Administration, the federalgovernment agency that licenses vaccines
Confidence: Vaccines recommendedchildren are safe.
Confidence: My doctor/nurse is a reliableof trustworthy vaccine information
**Confidence: My doctor/nurse has my best healthinterests mind when making vaccine*
It is important for everyone to get thevaccines for their child(ren)
There were also two items we added
Vaccines recommended for adults are safe
It is important for everyone to get the recommended vaccines for them
13 New plots
14 Analyses: Adult
##
## 1 2 3 4 5
## 368 231 496 411 226## data$TimesBelievedCT n percent
## 0 820 47.3%
## 1 217 12.5%
## 2 200 11.5%
## 3 173 10.0%
## 4 132 7.6%
## 5 95 5.5%
## 6 96 5.5%
## Total 1733 100.0%| Dishonesty | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Odds Ratios | CI | p value |
| (Intercept) | 1.15 | 0.52 – 2.55 | 0.726 |
| Age | 0.97 | 0.96 – 0.97 | <0.001 |
| Education [High School, College, or Trade] | 0.80 | 0.52 – 1.24 | 0.307 |
| Education [Bachelors or More] | 0.97 | 0.60 – 1.57 | 0.898 |
| RaceEthnicity 1 [Non-Hispanic black] | 0.93 | 0.68 – 1.28 | 0.662 |
| RaceEthnicity 1 [Hispanic] | 0.96 | 0.68 – 1.36 | 0.836 |
| RaceEthnicity 1 [Any other race/ethnicity] | 0.64 | 0.40 – 1.00 | 0.055 |
| Residence [Urban] | 1.03 | 0.81 – 1.31 | 0.839 |
| PoliticalParty [Democrat] | 1.49 | 1.07 – 2.07 | 0.017 |
| PoliticalParty [Independent] | 1.12 | 0.82 – 1.53 | 0.457 |
| PoliticalParty [Other third Party] | 1.11 | 0.45 – 2.69 | 0.821 |
| PoliticalParty [No political party affiliation] | 0.93 | 0.63 – 1.36 | 0.711 |
| PoliticalBelief | 0.99 | 0.91 – 1.06 | 0.725 |
| Religiosity | 1.04 | 0.98 – 1.09 | 0.164 |
| VaxStatus 2 [Partially vaccinated] | 3.25 | 2.03 – 5.30 | <0.001 |
| VaxStatus 2 [Fully Vaccinated] | 1.50 | 1.13 – 1.97 | 0.004 |
| VaxStatus 2 [Fully Vaccinated + Booster] | 1.54 | 1.08 – 2.19 | 0.017 |
| GroceryMaskUse | 1.03 | 0.92 – 1.15 | 0.634 |
| Prevent norm | 0.93 | 0.84 – 1.04 | 0.209 |
| VaccineAttitudes | 0.97 | 0.90 – 1.03 | 0.315 |
| R BeliefinScience | 1.14 | 1.05 – 1.24 | 0.002 |
| ConspiracyBeliefs Yes [Yes] | 1.34 | 1.06 – 1.70 | 0.015 |
| Info Dr CDC DoH [Yes] | 1.16 | 0.89 – 1.52 | 0.276 |
| Info Celeb Media [Yes] | 1.61 | 1.09 – 2.40 | 0.017 |
| Observations | 1650 | ||
| R2 Tjur | 0.109 | ||
| Observations | 1650 (83 missing obs. deleted) |
| Dependent variable | Dishonesty |
| Type | Generalized linear model |
| Family | binomial |
| Link | logit |
| 𝛘²(23) | 186.10 |
| Pseudo-R² (Cragg-Uhler) | 0.14 |
| Pseudo-R² (McFadden) | 0.08 |
| AIC | 2099.46 |
| BIC | 2229.27 |
| Est. | S.E. | z val. | p | VIF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Intercept) | 0.14 | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.73 | NA |
| Age | -0.03 | 0.00 | -8.22 | 0.00 | 1.20 |
| EducationHigh School, College, or Trade | -0.23 | 0.22 | -1.02 | 0.31 | 1.22 |
| EducationBachelors or More | -0.03 | 0.25 | -0.13 | 0.90 | 1.22 |
| RaceEthnicity_1Non-Hispanic black | -0.07 | 0.16 | -0.44 | 0.66 | 1.33 |
| RaceEthnicity_1Hispanic | -0.04 | 0.18 | -0.21 | 0.84 | 1.33 |
| RaceEthnicity_1Any other race/ethnicity | -0.44 | 0.23 | -1.92 | 0.06 | 1.33 |
| ResidenceUrban | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.20 | 0.84 | 1.08 |
| PoliticalPartyDemocrat | 0.40 | 0.17 | 2.38 | 0.02 | 1.82 |
| PoliticalPartyIndependent | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.74 | 0.46 | 1.82 |
| PoliticalPartyOther third Party | 0.10 | 0.45 | 0.23 | 0.82 | 1.82 |
| PoliticalPartyNo political party affiliation | -0.07 | 0.19 | -0.37 | 0.71 | 1.82 |
| PoliticalBelief | -0.01 | 0.04 | -0.35 | 0.73 | 1.47 |
| Religiosity | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.39 | 0.16 | 1.20 |
| VaxStatus_2Partially vaccinated | 1.18 | 0.24 | 4.84 | 0.00 | 1.61 |
| VaxStatus_2Fully Vaccinated | 0.40 | 0.14 | 2.85 | 0.00 | 1.61 |
| VaxStatus_2Fully Vaccinated + Booster | 0.43 | 0.18 | 2.38 | 0.02 | 1.61 |
| GroceryMaskUse | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.48 | 0.63 | 1.59 |
| Prevent_norm | -0.07 | 0.05 | -1.26 | 0.21 | 1.57 |
| VaccineAttitudes | -0.03 | 0.03 | -1.00 | 0.32 | 1.73 |
| R_BeliefinScience | 0.13 | 0.04 | 3.09 | 0.00 | 1.43 |
| ConspiracyBeliefs_YesYes | 0.29 | 0.12 | 2.42 | 0.02 | 1.29 |
| Info_Dr_CDC_DoHYes | 0.15 | 0.14 | 1.09 | 0.28 | 1.24 |
| Info_Celeb_MediaYes | 0.48 | 0.20 | 2.39 | 0.02 | 1.04 |
| Standard errors: MLE |
Table: Logistic regression predicting dishonesty
