R
Michael Crawford
June 4th, 2015
History of R
- R is based upon the S language
- S was written in 1976 to be a statistical analysis environment
- R was first released in 1993 as private software but was made free in 1995
- In 2000 the 1.0.0 version of R was release
- R version 3.1.3 was released in March 2015
Benefits of R
- Built from the ground up with statistics and data mining in mind
- Interactive (allows you to “play” with the data)
- Large and active user base to help when you run into issues
- There's a package for that
- Very good (and free) Integrated Development Environment user base to help when you run into issues
Basic Statistics
x <- c(23, 33, 14, 15, 42, 28, 33, 45, 23, 34, 39,
21, 36, 23, 34, 36, 25, 9, 11, 19, 35, 24,
31, 29, 16, 23, 34, 24, 38, 15, 13, 35, 28)
summary(x)
Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
9.00 21.00 28.00 26.91 34.00 45.00
quantile(x,c(.1,.9),type = 1)
10% 90%
14 38
t.test(x,conf.level=0.9)
One Sample t-test
data: x
t = 16.2809, df = 32, p-value < 2.2e-16
alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0
90 percent confidence interval:
24.10943 29.70875
sample estimates:
mean of x
26.90909
hist(x)
