A Scatterplot Experience by Jordan Packer
Data Sources:
Educational Attainment: U.S. Census Bureau, Educational Attainment, 2015-19 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, retrieved November 22, 2021 using tidycensus R package.
Per Capita Income: U.S. Census Bureau, Per Capita Income, 2015-19 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, retrieved November 22, 2021 using tidycensus R package.
Population: U.S. Census Bureau, Total Population, 2015-19 American Community Survey 5-year estimates, retrieved November 22, 2021 using tidycensus R package.
Methods:
Population over 25 with at least a bachelor’s degree is calculated as the sum of:
- Total Bachelor’s degrees
- Total Master’s degrees
- Total Professional degrees
- Total Doctorate degrees
Proportion of population over 25 with at least a bachelor’s degree is calculated as Population over 25 with at least a bachelor’s degree divided by the Total population over 25.
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