Busia UHC

BUSIA UHC/POPULATION HEALTH PROGRAM BASELINE SURVEY IN BUNYALA SUB-COUNTY, BUSIA

Contributors:

Jeremiah Laktabai, Co-Principal Investigator Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University jklaktabai@gmail.com

Laura Ruhl, Co-Principal Investigator Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine ljruhl@iu.edu Benjamin Andama, Co-Investigator Health Financing Manager, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) andamabenjamin@gmail.com

Caitrin Kelly, Co-investigator Assistant Professor Department of Medicine Indiana University Department of Medicine camakell@iu.edu

Matthew Turissini, Co-Investigator Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine mturissini@gmail.com Jamil Said, Co-Investigator Assistant Lecturer, Department of Human Anatomy and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University jamilalariik@gmail.com

Becky Genberg, Co-Investigator Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health Bgenberg@jhu.edu

Bishnu Thapa, PhD Student Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University, School of Public Health bishnu_thapa@brown.edu

Beryl Maritim, Co-Investigator Program Manager, Population Health Initiative, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) Berylc.maritim@gmail.com

Michael Scanlon, Co-Investigator Assistant Director of Research, Indiana University Center for Global Health mscanlon@iu.edu

Cornelius Lagat, Co-Investigator M&E/Data Assistant, Population Health Initiative, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) corny.kip@gmail.com

Allan Kimaina, Co-Investigator Statistician, Population Health Initiative, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH)

Elvirah Riungu Population Health Initiative, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH)

Michael Kibiwott Population Health Initiative, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH)

1 Backround

The Population Health Initiative is an AMPATH/MOH partnership initiated in 2016 working with county governments to develop a model for Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Kenya. Its goal is to integrate siloed vertical services into a more comprehensive integrated system of providing care by focusing on three key strategies: (1) support economic empowerment by maximizing the power of community groups, (2) create a seamless public health care system, and (3) fully partner with NHIF to increase enrollment and retention in the insurance program. In 2019, AMPATH signed an MOU with Busia County government to design and implement the Busia UHC program. In order to provide household baseline data to inform the design and the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the program, we are conducting a cross-sectional mixed method baseline survey of households in Bunyala sub-County, Busia.

2 Objective

The objective of this study is to provide baseline data on UHC to inform the Busia UHC pilot. We plan to repeat this survey in future as funds become available in order to measure the impact of the UHC pilot in Bunyala sub-County on health service delivery, healthcare utilization, perceptions of healthcare quality in the public sector and household health spending.

Objective 1. To estimate UHC in Bunyala sub-County, Busia using an established UHC measurement framework

Objective 1.1. To estimate the health service coverage
Objective 1.2. To determine equity in access to preventative and curative health services
Objective 1.3. To estimate the prevalence of catastrophic health expenditure and the proportion of the population that is impoverished by out of pocket spending

Objective 2. To describe the correlates of NHIF health insurance enrolment among the informal sector

Objective 2.1. To evaluate the relationship between social solidarity, affordability of premiums, citizen awareness and empowerment and other factors and NHIF enrolment among the informal sector households.
Objective 2.2. To measure participation in economic empowerment interventions and its association with enrolment in NHIF

3 Population GIS

3.1 Location

drawing

3.2 Busia

drawing

4 Survey Summary

4.1 Household Reached

Survey Summary
household_head
Dependant	7,174.0 (78.6%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	7,174.0 (78.6%)
Head	1,952.0 (21.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,952.0 (21.4%)
Missing	441	36	121	284	0
attempts reaching household						<0.001
One	71.0 (16.1%)	12.0 (33.3%)	34.0 (28.1%)	25.0 (8.8%)	0.0 (NA%)
Three	316.0 (71.7%)	19.0 (52.8%)	76.0 (62.8%)	221.0 (77.8%)	0.0 (NA%)
Two	54.0 (12.2%)	5.0 (13.9%)	11.0 (9.1%)	38.0 (13.4%)	0.0 (NA%)
Missing	9,126	0	0	0	9,126
consent						>0.9
No	81.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	81.0 (0.9%)
Yes	9,031.0 (99.1%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	9,031.0 (99.1%)
Missing	455	36	121	284	14
second phase consent						>0.9
No	14.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	14.0 (0.7%)
Yes	1,954.0 (99.3%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,954.0 (99.3%)
Missing	7,599	36	121	284	7,158
future followup consent						>0.9
No	32.0 (1.6%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	32.0 (1.6%)
Yes	1,936.0 (98.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,936.0 (98.4%)
Missing	7,599	36	121	284	7,158
owner of mobile phone						>0.9
Other person	306.0 (15.5%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	306.0 (15.5%)
Own	1,662.0 (84.5%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,662.0 (84.5%)
Missing	7,599	36	121	284	7,158
relationship to household head						>0.9
Adopted/Foster/ Stepchild/orphan	79.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	79.0 (0.9%)
Co-Wife	15.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	15.0 (0.2%)
Don’t Know	2.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	2.0 (0.0%)
Grandchild	1,303.0 (14.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,303.0 (14.4%)
Not related	12.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	12.0 (0.1%)
Other (specify)	35.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	35.0 (0.4%)
Other Relatives	143.0 (1.6%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	143.0 (1.6%)
Parent	95.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	95.0 (1.1%)
Parent in-law	22.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	22.0 (0.2%)
Self	1,534.0 (17.0%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,534.0 (17.0%)
Sister/Brother	106.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	106.0 (1.2%)
Son or Daughter	4,180.0 (46.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	4,180.0 (46.2%)
Son or Daughter in-law	130.0 (1.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	130.0 (1.4%)
Wife/Husband/Partner	1,389.0 (15.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,389.0 (15.4%)
Missing	522	36	121	284	81
Location
BUNYALA CENTRAL	1,654.0 (18.3%)	0.0 (NA%)	2.0 (50.0%)	3.0 (18.8%)	1,649.0 (18.3%)
BUNYALA EAST	1,480.0 (16.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (18.8%)	1,477.0 (16.4%)
BUNYALA NORTH	1,558.0 (17.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (12.5%)	1,556.0 (17.3%)
BUNYALA SOUTH	1,131.0 (12.5%)	0.0 (NA%)	2.0 (50.0%)	5.0 (31.2%)	1,124.0 (12.5%)
BUNYALA WEST	1,519.0 (16.8%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1,519.0 (16.8%)
KHAJULA	1,698.0 (18.8%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (18.8%)	1,695.0 (18.8%)
Missing	527	36	117	268	106
1n (%)
2Fisher's exact test

4.2 Location

Survey Summary
household_head								0.001
Dependant	7,120.0 (78.9%)	1,310.0 (79.4%)	1,114.0 (75.4%)	1,248.0 (80.2%)	865.0 (77.0%)	1,214.0 (79.9%)	1,369.0 (80.8%)
Head	1,900.0 (21.1%)	339.0 (20.6%)	363.0 (24.6%)	308.0 (19.8%)	259.0 (23.0%)	305.0 (20.1%)	326.0 (19.2%)
Missing	20	5	3	2	7	0	3
household reached								0.064
Household unknown	4.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Members absent	16.0 (0.2%)	3.0 (0.2%)	3.0 (0.2%)	2.0 (0.1%)	5.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (0.2%)
Yes	9,020.0 (99.8%)	1,649.0 (99.7%)	1,477.0 (99.8%)	1,556.0 (99.9%)	1,124.0 (99.4%)	1,519.0 (100.0%)	1,695.0 (99.8%)
attempts reaching household								0.11
One	5.0 (25.0%)	2.0 (40.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (42.9%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Three	10.0 (50.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (66.7%)	2.0 (100.0%)	3.0 (42.9%)	0.0 (NA%)	3.0 (100.0%)
Two	5.0 (25.0%)	3.0 (60.0%)	1.0 (33.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (14.3%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	9,020	1,649	1,477	1,556	1,124	1,519	1,695
consent								<0.001
No	23.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.2%)	14.0 (0.9%)	1.0 (0.1%)
Yes	8,983.0 (99.7%)	1,647.0 (99.9%)	1,477.0 (100.0%)	1,552.0 (99.7%)	1,121.0 (99.8%)	1,505.0 (99.1%)	1,681.0 (99.9%)
Missing	34	5	3	2	8	0	16
second phase consent								0.001
No	14.0 (0.7%)	7.0 (2.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.7%)	5.0 (1.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Yes	1,954.0 (99.3%)	332.0 (97.9%)	363.0 (100.0%)	304.0 (99.3%)	324.0 (98.5%)	305.0 (100.0%)	326.0 (100.0%)
Missing	7,072	1,315	1,117	1,252	802	1,214	1,372
future followup consent								<0.001
No	32.0 (1.6%)	22.0 (6.5%)	1.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.7%)	6.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)
Yes	1,936.0 (98.4%)	317.0 (93.5%)	362.0 (99.7%)	304.0 (99.3%)	323.0 (98.2%)	305.0 (100.0%)	325.0 (99.7%)
Missing	7,072	1,315	1,117	1,252	802	1,214	1,372
owner of mobile phone								0.6
Other person	306.0 (15.5%)	56.0 (16.5%)	55.0 (15.2%)	48.0 (15.7%)	41.0 (12.5%)	54.0 (17.7%)	52.0 (16.0%)
Own	1,662.0 (84.5%)	283.0 (83.5%)	308.0 (84.8%)	258.0 (84.3%)	288.0 (87.5%)	251.0 (82.3%)	274.0 (84.0%)
Missing	7,072	1,315	1,117	1,252	802	1,214	1,372
relationship to household head								<0.001
Adopted/Foster/ Stepchild/orphan	79.0 (0.9%)	23.0 (1.4%)	13.0 (0.9%)	7.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	11.0 (0.7%)	25.0 (1.5%)
Co-Wife	14.0 (0.2%)	4.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (0.1%)	7.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.1%)	1.0 (0.1%)
Don’t Know	2.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Grandchild	1,300.0 (14.4%)	219.0 (13.3%)	170.0 (11.5%)	184.0 (11.9%)	140.0 (12.5%)	249.0 (16.5%)	338.0 (20.0%)
Not related	12.0 (0.1%)	4.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.1%)	4.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.1%)	1.0 (0.1%)
Other (specify)	35.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.1%)	6.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.1%)	6.0 (0.5%)	6.0 (0.4%)	15.0 (0.9%)
Other Relatives	142.0 (1.6%)	40.0 (2.4%)	11.0 (0.7%)	14.0 (0.9%)	17.0 (1.5%)	27.0 (1.8%)	33.0 (1.9%)
Parent	95.0 (1.1%)	27.0 (1.6%)	17.0 (1.2%)	9.0 (0.6%)	9.0 (0.8%)	10.0 (0.7%)	23.0 (1.4%)
Parent in-law	22.0 (0.2%)	3.0 (0.2%)	4.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (0.3%)	4.0 (0.3%)	8.0 (0.5%)
Self	1,528.0 (17.0%)	269.0 (16.3%)	238.0 (16.1%)	247.0 (15.9%)	217.0 (19.3%)	244.0 (16.2%)	313.0 (18.5%)
Sister/Brother	106.0 (1.2%)	25.0 (1.5%)	12.0 (0.8%)	17.0 (1.1%)	19.0 (1.7%)	7.0 (0.5%)	26.0 (1.5%)
Son or Daughter	4,149.0 (46.1%)	767.0 (46.6%)	681.0 (46.1%)	795.0 (51.2%)	519.0 (46.3%)	691.0 (45.9%)	696.0 (41.1%)
Son or Daughter in-law	129.0 (1.4%)	33.0 (2.0%)	27.0 (1.8%)	22.0 (1.4%)	6.0 (0.5%)	16.0 (1.1%)	25.0 (1.5%)
Wife/Husband/Partner	1,384.0 (15.4%)	232.0 (14.1%)	297.0 (20.1%)	246.0 (15.9%)	182.0 (16.2%)	237.0 (15.7%)	190.0 (11.2%)
Missing	43	7	3	6	9	14	4
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

4.3 Health Insurance

Survey Summary
household_head				0.011
Dependant	7,133.0 (79.0%)	6,434.0 (79.3%)	699.0 (75.7%)
Head	1,900.0 (21.0%)	1,676.0 (20.7%)	224.0 (24.3%)
Missing	22	20	2
household reached				0.026
Household unknown	4.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.2%)
Members absent	18.0 (0.2%)	18.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Yes	9,033.0 (99.8%)	8,110.0 (99.8%)	923.0 (99.8%)
attempts reaching household				0.080
One	5.0 (22.7%)	3.0 (15.0%)	2.0 (100.0%)
Three	12.0 (54.5%)	12.0 (60.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Two	5.0 (22.7%)	5.0 (25.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	9,033	8,110	923
consent				>0.9
No	23.0 (0.3%)	21.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.2%)
Yes	8,996.0 (99.7%)	8,078.0 (99.7%)	918.0 (99.8%)
Missing	36	31	5
second phase consent				0.4
No	14.0 (0.7%)	14.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Yes	1,954.0 (99.3%)	1,730.0 (99.2%)	224.0 (100.0%)
Missing	7,087	6,386	701
future followup consent				>0.9
No	32.0 (1.6%)	29.0 (1.7%)	3.0 (1.3%)
Yes	1,936.0 (98.4%)	1,715.0 (98.3%)	221.0 (98.7%)
Missing	7,087	6,386	701
owner of mobile phone				<0.001
Other person	306.0 (15.5%)	295.0 (16.9%)	11.0 (4.9%)
Own	1,662.0 (84.5%)	1,449.0 (83.1%)	213.0 (95.1%)
Missing	7,087	6,386	701
relationship to household head				<0.001
Adopted/Foster/ Stepchild/orphan	79.0 (0.9%)	76.0 (0.9%)	3.0 (0.3%)
Co-Wife	14.0 (0.2%)	13.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (0.1%)
Don’t Know	2.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Grandchild	1,303.0 (14.5%)	1,216.0 (15.0%)	87.0 (9.4%)
Not related	12.0 (0.1%)	8.0 (0.1%)	4.0 (0.4%)
Other (specify)	35.0 (0.4%)	34.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.1%)
Other Relatives	142.0 (1.6%)	132.0 (1.6%)	10.0 (1.1%)
Parent	95.0 (1.1%)	92.0 (1.1%)	3.0 (0.3%)
Parent in-law	22.0 (0.2%)	19.0 (0.2%)	3.0 (0.3%)
Self	1,529.0 (17.0%)	1,364.0 (16.9%)	165.0 (17.9%)
Sister/Brother	106.0 (1.2%)	93.0 (1.1%)	13.0 (1.4%)
Son or Daughter	4,156.0 (46.1%)	3,726.0 (46.1%)	430.0 (46.7%)
Son or Daughter in-law	129.0 (1.4%)	115.0 (1.4%)	14.0 (1.5%)
Wife/Husband/Partner	1,386.0 (15.4%)	1,199.0 (14.8%)	187.0 (20.3%)
Missing	45	41	4
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Fisher's exact test

5 Socio-economic characteristics

5.1 Location

Socio-economic characteristics \| Location
age rounded	47.1 (16.2)	48.5 (16.2)	47.5 (17.6)	47.1 (15.3)	47.0 (17.2)	46.1 (15.6)	46.3 (15.3)	0.5
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
age								0.058
˃64	310.0 (16.3%)	67.0 (19.8%)	63.0 (17.4%)	47.0 (15.4%)	48.0 (18.5%)	38.0 (12.5%)	47.0 (14.4%)
<18	3.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)
18-24	90.0 (4.7%)	13.0 (3.8%)	18.0 (5.0%)	7.0 (2.3%)	22.0 (8.5%)	11.0 (3.6%)	19.0 (5.8%)
25-44	834.0 (43.9%)	142.0 (41.9%)	161.0 (44.4%)	141.0 (46.1%)	106.0 (40.9%)	144.0 (47.2%)	140.0 (42.9%)
45-64	661.0 (34.8%)	117.0 (34.5%)	119.0 (32.8%)	111.0 (36.3%)	83.0 (32.0%)	112.0 (36.7%)	119.0 (36.5%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
sex								<0.001
Female	1,205.0 (63.5%)	230.0 (67.8%)	240.0 (66.1%)	160.0 (52.3%)	156.0 (60.2%)	198.0 (64.9%)	221.0 (67.8%)
Male	693.0 (36.5%)	109.0 (32.2%)	123.0 (33.9%)	146.0 (47.7%)	103.0 (39.8%)	107.0 (35.1%)	105.0 (32.2%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
marital status								<0.001
Divorced/separated	155.0 (8.2%)	45.0 (13.3%)	30.0 (8.3%)	17.0 (5.6%)	11.0 (4.2%)	22.0 (7.2%)	30.0 (9.2%)
Married/ living together	1,183.0 (62.3%)	189.0 (55.8%)	219.0 (60.3%)	209.0 (68.3%)	162.0 (62.5%)	199.0 (65.2%)	205.0 (62.9%)
Never married/never lived together	132.0 (7.0%)	13.0 (3.8%)	26.0 (7.2%)	30.0 (9.8%)	21.0 (8.1%)	23.0 (7.5%)	19.0 (5.8%)
Widowed	428.0 (22.6%)	92.0 (27.1%)	88.0 (24.2%)	50.0 (16.3%)	65.0 (25.1%)	61.0 (20.0%)	72.0 (22.1%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
ever attended school								0.10
No	387.0 (20.4%)	83.0 (24.5%)	81.0 (22.3%)	48.0 (15.7%)	54.0 (20.8%)	59.0 (19.3%)	62.0 (19.0%)
Yes	1,511.0 (79.6%)	256.0 (75.5%)	282.0 (77.7%)	258.0 (84.3%)	205.0 (79.2%)	246.0 (80.7%)	264.0 (81.0%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
highest level education								<0.001
Adult litteracy education	12.0 (0.8%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.8%)	1.0 (0.5%)	2.0 (0.8%)	6.0 (2.3%)
College (middle level)	83.0 (5.5%)	16.0 (6.2%)	21.0 (7.4%)	13.0 (5.0%)	7.0 (3.4%)	16.0 (6.5%)	10.0 (3.8%)
Lower primary	350.0 (23.2%)	65.0 (25.4%)	51.0 (18.1%)	66.0 (25.6%)	39.0 (19.0%)	58.0 (23.6%)	71.0 (26.9%)
Nursery	14.0 (0.9%)	3.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	7.0 (2.8%)	2.0 (0.8%)
Post primary/ vocational	44.0 (2.9%)	16.0 (6.2%)	12.0 (4.3%)	4.0 (1.6%)	3.0 (1.5%)	2.0 (0.8%)	7.0 (2.7%)
Secondary	267.0 (17.7%)	37.0 (14.5%)	45.0 (16.0%)	52.0 (20.2%)	42.0 (20.5%)	47.0 (19.1%)	44.0 (16.7%)
University	24.0 (1.6%)	2.0 (0.8%)	4.0 (1.4%)	11.0 (4.3%)	2.0 (1.0%)	4.0 (1.6%)	1.0 (0.4%)
Upper primary	717.0 (47.5%)	116.0 (45.3%)	149.0 (52.8%)	108.0 (41.9%)	111.0 (54.1%)	110.0 (44.7%)	123.0 (46.6%)
Missing	389	83	81	50	54	59	62
household size	5.3 (3.3)	5.2 (5.1)	4.7 (2.7)	5.8 (2.9)	4.9 (2.9)	5.7 (2.6)	5.6 (2.6)	<0.001
Missing	212	28	36	58	19	50	21
occupation								<0.001
Formal employment	46.0 (2.4%)	11.0 (3.2%)	8.0 (2.2%)	8.0 (2.6%)	5.0 (1.9%)	10.0 (3.3%)	4.0 (1.2%)
Homemakers(Stay at home)	316.0 (16.6%)	48.0 (14.2%)	64.0 (17.6%)	80.0 (26.1%)	17.0 (6.6%)	66.0 (21.6%)	41.0 (12.6%)
Others (Specify)	11.0 (0.6%)	2.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (1.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	6.0 (1.8%)
Students	9.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.4%)	2.0 (0.7%)	4.0 (1.2%)
Unemployed/Seeking work	117.0 (6.2%)	3.0 (0.9%)	13.0 (3.6%)	33.0 (10.8%)	35.0 (13.5%)	20.0 (6.6%)	13.0 (4.0%)
Working in informal employment(eg farmers,artisans,juakali,business etc)	1,399.0 (73.7%)	275.0 (81.1%)	276.0 (76.0%)	182.0 (59.5%)	201.0 (77.6%)	207.0 (67.9%)	258.0 (79.1%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
household income per month								<0.001
Ksh 0-500	548.0 (28.9%)	59.0 (17.4%)	113.0 (31.1%)	133.0 (43.5%)	67.0 (25.9%)	115.0 (37.7%)	61.0 (18.7%)
Ksh 1001-2000	258.0 (13.6%)	42.0 (12.4%)	61.0 (16.8%)	33.0 (10.8%)	49.0 (18.9%)	31.0 (10.2%)	42.0 (12.9%)
Ksh 2001-3000	244.0 (12.9%)	47.0 (13.9%)	45.0 (12.4%)	19.0 (6.2%)	37.0 (14.3%)	34.0 (11.1%)	62.0 (19.0%)
Ksh 3001-5000	263.0 (13.9%)	58.0 (17.1%)	48.0 (13.2%)	28.0 (9.2%)	35.0 (13.5%)	21.0 (6.9%)	73.0 (22.4%)
Ksh 5001-10000	172.0 (9.1%)	42.0 (12.4%)	16.0 (4.4%)	32.0 (10.5%)	18.0 (6.9%)	28.0 (9.2%)	36.0 (11.0%)
Ksh 501-1000	327.0 (17.2%)	60.0 (17.7%)	70.0 (19.3%)	47.0 (15.4%)	51.0 (19.7%)	63.0 (20.7%)	36.0 (11.0%)
Ksh 10000 and above	86.0 (4.5%)	31.0 (9.1%)	10.0 (2.8%)	14.0 (4.6%)	2.0 (0.8%)	13.0 (4.3%)	16.0 (4.9%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
member financial group chama								0.12
No	1,184.0 (62.4%)	203.0 (59.9%)	239.0 (65.8%)	200.0 (65.4%)	155.0 (59.8%)	175.0 (57.4%)	212.0 (65.0%)
Yes	714.0 (37.6%)	136.0 (40.1%)	124.0 (34.2%)	106.0 (34.6%)	104.0 (40.2%)	130.0 (42.6%)	114.0 (35.0%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
chama group type-GISHE	125.0 (18.1%)	41.0 (31.3%)	11.0 (9.3%)	18.0 (17.5%)	16.0 (15.8%)	21.0 (16.5%)	18.0 (16.4%)	<0.001
Missing	1,210	208	245	205	158	178	216
chama group type-SILC	102.0 (14.8%)	23.0 (17.6%)	21.0 (17.8%)	2.0 (1.9%)	13.0 (12.9%)	27.0 (21.3%)	16.0 (14.5%)	0.001
Missing	1,210	208	245	205	158	178	216
chama group type-JOYWO	2.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (1.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.14
Missing	1,210	208	245	205	158	178	216
chama group type-Merry Go round/Self Help Group	434.0 (62.9%)	63.0 (48.1%)	74.0 (62.7%)	80.0 (77.7%)	70.0 (69.3%)	73.0 (57.5%)	74.0 (67.3%)	<0.001
Missing	1,210	208	245	205	158	178	216
chama group type-SACCO/Cooperative	49.0 (7.1%)	5.0 (3.8%)	15.0 (12.7%)	7.0 (6.8%)	3.0 (3.0%)	9.0 (7.1%)	10.0 (9.1%)	0.050
Missing	1,210	208	245	205	158	178	216
chama group type-Don't Know	3.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (2.0%)	1.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.10
Missing	1,210	208	245	205	158	178	216
chama group type-Other	19.0 (2.8%)	5.0 (3.8%)	6.0 (5.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (3.0%)	3.0 (2.4%)	2.0 (1.8%)	0.2
Missing	1,210	208	245	205	158	178	216
1Mean (SD); n (%)
2Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test

5.2 Health Insurance

Socio-economic characteristics \| have health insurance
age rounded	24.5 (19.8)	24.3 (19.8)	26.1 (19.9)	0.011
Missing	23	21	2
age				<0.001
˃64	1,153.0 (12.8%)	1,045.0 (12.9%)	108.0 (11.7%)
<18	2,548.0 (28.3%)	2,294.0 (28.4%)	254.0 (27.6%)
18-24	1,430.0 (15.9%)	1,324.0 (16.4%)	106.0 (11.5%)
25-44	2,352.0 (26.1%)	2,091.0 (25.8%)	261.0 (28.3%)
45-64	1,527.0 (16.9%)	1,335.0 (16.5%)	192.0 (20.8%)
Missing	23	21	2
sex				0.8
Female	4,735.0 (52.6%)	4,255.0 (52.6%)	480.0 (52.1%)
Male	4,275.0 (47.4%)	3,834.0 (47.4%)	441.0 (47.9%)
Missing	23	21	2
marital status				<0.001
Divorced/separated	158.0 (8.0%)	145.0 (8.3%)	13.0 (5.8%)
Married/ living together	1,235.0 (62.8%)	1,064.0 (61.0%)	171.0 (76.3%)
Never married/never lived together	143.0 (7.3%)	136.0 (7.8%)	7.0 (3.1%)
Widowed	432.0 (22.0%)	399.0 (22.9%)	33.0 (14.7%)
Missing	7,065	6,366	699
ever attended school				<0.001
No	394.0 (20.0%)	372.0 (21.3%)	22.0 (9.8%)
Yes	1,574.0 (80.0%)	1,372.0 (78.7%)	202.0 (90.2%)
Missing	7,065	6,366	699
highest level education				<0.001
Adult litteracy education	12.0 (0.8%)	10.0 (0.7%)	2.0 (1.0%)
College (middle level)	94.0 (6.0%)	58.0 (4.2%)	36.0 (17.8%)
Lower primary	356.0 (22.6%)	334.0 (24.3%)	22.0 (10.9%)
Nursery	14.0 (0.9%)	14.0 (1.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Post primary/ vocational	44.0 (2.8%)	42.0 (3.1%)	2.0 (1.0%)
Secondary	269.0 (17.1%)	224.0 (16.3%)	45.0 (22.3%)
University	24.0 (1.5%)	7.0 (0.5%)	17.0 (8.4%)
Upper primary	761.0 (48.3%)	683.0 (49.8%)	78.0 (38.6%)
Missing	7,459	6,738	721
household size	5.4 (3.4)	5.4 (3.5)	5.7 (2.8)	0.13
Missing	7,278	6,558	720
occupation				<0.001
Formal employment	46.0 (2.3%)	9.0 (0.5%)	37.0 (16.5%)
Homemakers(Stay at home)	324.0 (16.5%)	303.0 (17.4%)	21.0 (9.4%)
Others (Specify)	11.0 (0.6%)	9.0 (0.5%)	2.0 (0.9%)
Students	9.0 (0.5%)	9.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Unemployed/Seeking work	128.0 (6.5%)	119.0 (6.8%)	9.0 (4.0%)
Working in informal employment(eg farmers,artisans,juakali,business etc)	1,450.0 (73.7%)	1,295.0 (74.3%)	155.0 (69.2%)
Missing	7,065	6,366	699
household income per month				<0.001
Ksh 0-500	591.0 (30.0%)	545.0 (31.2%)	46.0 (20.5%)
Ksh 1001-2000	258.0 (13.1%)	236.0 (13.5%)	22.0 (9.8%)
Ksh 2001-3000	269.0 (13.7%)	250.0 (14.3%)	19.0 (8.5%)
Ksh 3001-5000	265.0 (13.5%)	233.0 (13.4%)	32.0 (14.3%)
Ksh 5001-10000	172.0 (8.7%)	138.0 (7.9%)	34.0 (15.2%)
Ksh 501-1000	327.0 (16.6%)	303.0 (17.4%)	24.0 (10.7%)
Ksh 10000 and above	86.0 (4.4%)	39.0 (2.2%)	47.0 (21.0%)
Missing	7,065	6,366	699
member financial group chama				<0.001
No	1,243.0 (63.2%)	1,137.0 (65.2%)	106.0 (47.3%)
Yes	725.0 (36.8%)	607.0 (34.8%)	118.0 (52.7%)
Missing	7,065	6,366	699
chama group type-GISHE	129.0 (17.8%)	100.0 (16.5%)	29.0 (24.8%)	0.032
Missing	8,310	7,504	806
chama group type-SILC	112.0 (15.5%)	94.0 (15.5%)	18.0 (15.4%)	>0.9
Missing	8,310	7,504	806
chama group type-JOYWO	2.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (0.9%)	0.3
Missing	8,310	7,504	806
chama group type-Merry Go round/Self Help Group	459.0 (63.5%)	395.0 (65.2%)	64.0 (54.7%)	0.031
Missing	8,310	7,504	806
chama group type-SACCO/Cooperative	50.0 (6.9%)	37.0 (6.1%)	13.0 (11.1%)	0.051
Missing	8,310	7,504	806
chama group type-Don't Know	3.0 (0.4%)	2.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.9%)	0.4
Missing	8,310	7,504	806
chama group type-Other	20.0 (2.8%)	19.0 (3.1%)	1.0 (0.9%)	0.2
Missing	8,310	7,504	806
1Mean (SD); n (%)
2Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Fisher's exact test

6 Health Status

6.1 Location

Healthcare Utilization \| Location
diagnosis-No diagnosis Given								<0.001
No	1,910.0 (21.3%)	344.0 (20.9%)	274.0 (18.6%)	306.0 (19.7%)	222.0 (19.8%)	290.0 (19.3%)	474.0 (28.0%)
Yes	7,076.0 (78.7%)	1,301.0 (79.1%)	1,201.0 (81.4%)	1,244.0 (80.3%)	898.0 (80.2%)	1,214.0 (80.7%)	1,218.0 (72.0%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Hypertension								<0.001
No	8,445.0 (94.0%)	1,524.0 (92.6%)	1,388.0 (94.1%)	1,478.0 (95.4%)	1,059.0 (94.6%)	1,451.0 (96.5%)	1,545.0 (91.3%)
Yes	541.0 (6.0%)	121.0 (7.4%)	87.0 (5.9%)	72.0 (4.6%)	61.0 (5.4%)	53.0 (3.5%)	147.0 (8.7%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Diabetes								0.13
No	8,848.0 (98.5%)	1,624.0 (98.7%)	1,446.0 (98.0%)	1,530.0 (98.7%)	1,103.0 (98.5%)	1,488.0 (98.9%)	1,657.0 (97.9%)
Yes	138.0 (1.5%)	21.0 (1.3%)	29.0 (2.0%)	20.0 (1.3%)	17.0 (1.5%)	16.0 (1.1%)	35.0 (2.1%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Cardiac disorders								0.051
No	8,922.0 (99.3%)	1,632.0 (99.2%)	1,459.0 (98.9%)	1,534.0 (99.0%)	1,113.0 (99.4%)	1,500.0 (99.7%)	1,684.0 (99.5%)
Yes	64.0 (0.7%)	13.0 (0.8%)	16.0 (1.1%)	16.0 (1.0%)	7.0 (0.6%)	4.0 (0.3%)	8.0 (0.5%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Stroke								0.009
No	8,945.0 (99.5%)	1,641.0 (99.8%)	1,470.0 (99.7%)	1,548.0 (99.9%)	1,113.0 (99.4%)	1,497.0 (99.5%)	1,676.0 (99.1%)
Yes	41.0 (0.5%)	4.0 (0.2%)	5.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.1%)	7.0 (0.6%)	7.0 (0.5%)	16.0 (0.9%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Sickle Cell Disease								0.7
No	8,966.0 (99.8%)	1,640.0 (99.7%)	1,470.0 (99.7%)	1,547.0 (99.8%)	1,117.0 (99.7%)	1,502.0 (99.9%)	1,690.0 (99.9%)
Yes	20.0 (0.2%)	5.0 (0.3%)	5.0 (0.3%)	3.0 (0.2%)	3.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.1%)	2.0 (0.1%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-HIV/AIDS								<0.001
No	8,420.0 (93.7%)	1,526.0 (92.8%)	1,385.0 (93.9%)	1,495.0 (96.5%)	1,058.0 (94.5%)	1,439.0 (95.7%)	1,517.0 (89.7%)
Yes	566.0 (6.3%)	119.0 (7.2%)	90.0 (6.1%)	55.0 (3.5%)	62.0 (5.5%)	65.0 (4.3%)	175.0 (10.3%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Tuberculosis								0.13
No	8,902.0 (99.1%)	1,631.0 (99.1%)	1,458.0 (98.8%)	1,540.0 (99.4%)	1,108.0 (98.9%)	1,496.0 (99.5%)	1,669.0 (98.6%)
Yes	84.0 (0.9%)	14.0 (0.9%)	17.0 (1.2%)	10.0 (0.6%)	12.0 (1.1%)	8.0 (0.5%)	23.0 (1.4%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C								0.4
No	8,984.0 (100.0%)	1,645.0 (100.0%)	1,474.0 (99.9%)	1,550.0 (100.0%)	1,120.0 (100.0%)	1,503.0 (99.9%)	1,692.0 (100.0%)
Yes	2.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Anemia								0.13
No	8,958.0 (99.7%)	1,640.0 (99.7%)	1,466.0 (99.4%)	1,546.0 (99.7%)	1,120.0 (100.0%)	1,499.0 (99.7%)	1,687.0 (99.7%)
Yes	28.0 (0.3%)	5.0 (0.3%)	9.0 (0.6%)	4.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (0.3%)	5.0 (0.3%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Arthritis or Joint pains								<0.001
No	8,695.0 (96.8%)	1,581.0 (96.1%)	1,440.0 (97.6%)	1,489.0 (96.1%)	1,068.0 (95.4%)	1,480.0 (98.4%)	1,637.0 (96.7%)
Yes	291.0 (3.2%)	64.0 (3.9%)	35.0 (2.4%)	61.0 (3.9%)	52.0 (4.6%)	24.0 (1.6%)	55.0 (3.3%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Peptic ulcer								0.15
No	8,590.0 (95.6%)	1,559.0 (94.8%)	1,418.0 (96.1%)	1,479.0 (95.4%)	1,083.0 (96.7%)	1,430.0 (95.1%)	1,621.0 (95.8%)
Yes	396.0 (4.4%)	86.0 (5.2%)	57.0 (3.9%)	71.0 (4.6%)	37.0 (3.3%)	74.0 (4.9%)	71.0 (4.2%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Chronic lung disease such as Asthma, COPD (excluding Tuberculosis)								<0.001
No	8,821.0 (98.2%)	1,631.0 (99.1%)	1,459.0 (98.9%)	1,502.0 (96.9%)	1,099.0 (98.1%)	1,474.0 (98.0%)	1,656.0 (97.9%)
Yes	165.0 (1.8%)	14.0 (0.9%)	16.0 (1.1%)	48.0 (3.1%)	21.0 (1.9%)	30.0 (2.0%)	36.0 (2.1%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Cancer								0.002
No	8,948.0 (99.6%)	1,642.0 (99.8%)	1,462.0 (99.1%)	1,548.0 (99.9%)	1,117.0 (99.7%)	1,500.0 (99.7%)	1,679.0 (99.2%)
Yes	38.0 (0.4%)	3.0 (0.2%)	13.0 (0.9%)	2.0 (0.1%)	3.0 (0.3%)	4.0 (0.3%)	13.0 (0.8%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
diagnosis-Skin disease								0.008
No	8,878.0 (98.8%)	1,635.0 (99.4%)	1,463.0 (99.2%)	1,528.0 (98.6%)	1,098.0 (98.0%)	1,489.0 (99.0%)	1,665.0 (98.4%)
Yes	108.0 (1.2%)	10.0 (0.6%)	12.0 (0.8%)	22.0 (1.4%)	22.0 (2.0%)	15.0 (1.0%)	27.0 (1.6%)
Missing	34	4	2	6	4	15	3
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

6.2 Health Insurance

Healthcare Utilization \| have health insurance
diagnosis-No diagnosis Given				<0.001
No	1,910.0 (21.2%)	1,675.0 (20.7%)	235.0 (25.6%)
Yes	7,088.0 (78.8%)	6,404.0 (79.3%)	684.0 (74.4%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Hypertension				0.001
No	8,457.0 (94.0%)	7,615.0 (94.3%)	842.0 (91.6%)
Yes	541.0 (6.0%)	464.0 (5.7%)	77.0 (8.4%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Diabetes				<0.001
No	8,860.0 (98.5%)	7,970.0 (98.7%)	890.0 (96.8%)
Yes	138.0 (1.5%)	109.0 (1.3%)	29.0 (3.2%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Cardiac disorders				0.024
No	8,934.0 (99.3%)	8,027.0 (99.4%)	907.0 (98.7%)
Yes	64.0 (0.7%)	52.0 (0.6%)	12.0 (1.3%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Stroke				>0.9
No	8,957.0 (99.5%)	8,042.0 (99.5%)	915.0 (99.6%)
Yes	41.0 (0.5%)	37.0 (0.5%)	4.0 (0.4%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Sickle Cell Disease				0.5
No	8,978.0 (99.8%)	8,062.0 (99.8%)	916.0 (99.7%)
Yes	20.0 (0.2%)	17.0 (0.2%)	3.0 (0.3%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-HIV/AIDS				0.7
No	8,432.0 (93.7%)	7,568.0 (93.7%)	864.0 (94.0%)
Yes	566.0 (6.3%)	511.0 (6.3%)	55.0 (6.0%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Tuberculosis				0.4
No	8,914.0 (99.1%)	8,001.0 (99.0%)	913.0 (99.3%)
Yes	84.0 (0.9%)	78.0 (1.0%)	6.0 (0.7%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C				0.2
No	8,996.0 (100.0%)	8,078.0 (100.0%)	918.0 (99.9%)
Yes	2.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.1%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Anemia				>0.9
No	8,970.0 (99.7%)	8,053.0 (99.7%)	917.0 (99.8%)
Yes	28.0 (0.3%)	26.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.2%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Arthritis or Joint pains				>0.9
No	8,707.0 (96.8%)	7,818.0 (96.8%)	889.0 (96.7%)
Yes	291.0 (3.2%)	261.0 (3.2%)	30.0 (3.3%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Peptic ulcer				<0.001
No	8,602.0 (95.6%)	7,756.0 (96.0%)	846.0 (92.1%)
Yes	396.0 (4.4%)	323.0 (4.0%)	73.0 (7.9%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Chronic lung disease such as Asthma, COPD (excluding Tuberculosis)				0.8
No	8,833.0 (98.2%)	7,930.0 (98.2%)	903.0 (98.3%)
Yes	165.0 (1.8%)	149.0 (1.8%)	16.0 (1.7%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Cancer				0.10
No	8,960.0 (99.6%)	8,048.0 (99.6%)	912.0 (99.2%)
Yes	38.0 (0.4%)	31.0 (0.4%)	7.0 (0.8%)
Missing	35	31	4
diagnosis-Skin disease				0.2
No	8,890.0 (98.8%)	7,978.0 (98.7%)	912.0 (99.2%)
Yes	108.0 (1.2%)	101.0 (1.3%)	7.0 (0.8%)
Missing	35	31	4
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's exact test

7 Healthcare Utilization

7.1 Location

Healthcare Utilization \| Location
ill last four weeks								<0.001
No	5,782.0 (64.3%)	1,045.0 (63.4%)	1,001.0 (67.8%)	988.0 (63.7%)	661.0 (58.9%)	1,045.0 (69.4%)	1,042.0 (61.5%)
Yes	3,215.0 (35.7%)	602.0 (36.6%)	476.0 (32.2%)	564.0 (36.3%)	461.0 (41.1%)	460.0 (30.6%)	652.0 (38.5%)
Missing	23	2	0	4	2	14	1
visit health provider								<0.001
Don't Know	19.0 (0.6%)	4.0 (0.7%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (0.7%)	3.0 (0.7%)	8.0 (1.2%)
No	1,200.0 (37.3%)	174.0 (28.9%)	235.0 (49.4%)	285.0 (50.5%)	96.0 (20.8%)	243.0 (52.8%)	167.0 (25.6%)
Yes	1,996.0 (62.1%)	424.0 (70.4%)	240.0 (50.4%)	279.0 (49.5%)	362.0 (78.5%)	214.0 (46.5%)	477.0 (73.2%)
Missing	5,805	1,047	1,001	992	663	1,059	1,043
seek preventive health last 4 weeks								<0.001
Don't Know	183.0 (2.0%)	50.0 (3.0%)	14.0 (0.9%)	48.0 (3.1%)	38.0 (3.4%)	5.0 (0.3%)	28.0 (1.7%)
No	7,330.0 (81.5%)	1,307.0 (79.4%)	1,241.0 (84.0%)	1,274.0 (82.1%)	966.0 (86.1%)	1,434.0 (95.3%)	1,108.0 (65.4%)
Yes	1,484.0 (16.5%)	290.0 (17.6%)	222.0 (15.0%)	230.0 (14.8%)	118.0 (10.5%)	66.0 (4.4%)	558.0 (32.9%)
Missing	23	2	0	4	2	14	1
cost for preventive health	270.5 (1,288.8)	138.9 (375.0)	432.4 (1,736.7)	286.8 (473.7)	58.6 (196.4)	0.0 (0.0)	330.8 (1,595.2)	0.003
Missing	8,713	1,584	1,411	1,537	1,096	1,506	1,579
outpatient visits last 4w	0.2 (0.5)	0.3 (0.7)	0.1 (0.4)	0.2 (0.4)	0.3 (0.6)	0.1 (0.4)	0.3 (0.5)	<0.001
Missing	23	2	0	4	2	14	1
recent treatment visit								<0.001
Home of the provider (i.e., TBA, CHW, etc.).	39.0 (2.4%)	14.0 (4.0%)	6.0 (3.1%)	7.0 (2.9%)	11.0 (3.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)
mission facility	46.0 (2.9%)	4.0 (1.1%)	27.0 (13.8%)	6.0 (2.5%)	1.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (1.4%)	6.0 (1.7%)
other	24.0 (1.5%)	3.0 (0.8%)	7.0 (3.6%)	6.0 (2.5%)	3.0 (1.0%)	3.0 (2.1%)	2.0 (0.6%)
private facility	130.0 (8.1%)	20.0 (5.7%)	21.0 (10.8%)	23.0 (9.5%)	20.0 (6.5%)	17.0 (11.8%)	29.0 (8.0%)
public (govt.) facility	1,363.0 (85.1%)	312.0 (88.4%)	134.0 (68.7%)	199.0 (82.6%)	272.0 (88.6%)	122.0 (84.7%)	324.0 (89.5%)
Missing	7,418	1,296	1,282	1,315	817	1,375	1,333
means of transport								<0.001
bicycle	32.0 (2.1%)	9.0 (2.7%)	5.0 (2.7%)	7.0 (3.1%)	1.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (1.4%)	8.0 (2.2%)
motorcycle	787.0 (51.1%)	178.0 (53.0%)	126.0 (69.2%)	116.0 (50.9%)	38.0 (13.0%)	109.0 (77.3%)	220.0 (61.3%)
other	78.0 (5.1%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	30.0 (10.2%)	2.0 (1.4%)	44.0 (12.3%)
private vehicle	13.0 (0.8%)	2.0 (0.6%)	2.0 (1.1%)	4.0 (1.8%)	1.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (1.1%)
public vehicle	80.0 (5.2%)	11.0 (3.3%)	11.0 (6.0%)	22.0 (9.6%)	11.0 (3.8%)	8.0 (5.7%)	17.0 (4.7%)
train	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
walk (on foot)	548.0 (35.6%)	135.0 (40.2%)	37.0 (20.3%)	78.0 (34.2%)	212.0 (72.4%)	20.0 (14.2%)	66.0 (18.4%)
Missing	7,481	1,313	1,295	1,328	831	1,378	1,336
time taken to facility_mins	39.1 (256.7)	27.4 (36.8)	85.6 (739.3)	38.4 (43.7)	37.0 (48.9)	32.6 (34.2)	31.0 (23.6)	<0.001
Missing	7,481	1,313	1,295	1,328	831	1,378	1,336
facility attended								<0.001
Budalangi Dispensary	97.0 (6.3%)	1.0 (0.3%)	59.0 (32.4%)	34.0 (14.9%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.7%)	1.0 (0.3%)
Bulwani Dispensary	45.0 (2.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	45.0 (15.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busagwa Dispensary	133.0 (8.6%)	126.0 (37.5%)	6.0 (3.3%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busia County Referral Hospital	14.0 (0.9%)	3.0 (0.9%)	1.0 (0.5%)	3.0 (1.3%)	2.0 (0.7%)	2.0 (1.4%)	3.0 (0.8%)
Khajula Dispensary	83.0 (5.4%)	2.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	79.0 (22.0%)
Mukhobola Health Center	214.0 (13.9%)	141.0 (42.0%)	3.0 (1.6%)	1.0 (0.4%)	10.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	59.0 (16.4%)
Osieko Dispensary	37.0 (2.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.9%)	34.0 (11.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)
other (specify	264.0 (17.2%)	52.0 (15.5%)	61.0 (33.5%)	44.0 (19.3%)	39.0 (13.3%)	21.0 (14.9%)	47.0 (13.1%)
Port Victoria Hospital	313.0 (20.3%)	7.0 (2.1%)	29.0 (15.9%)	67.0 (29.4%)	15.0 (5.1%)	115.0 (81.6%)	80.0 (22.3%)
Rukala Heath Center	231.0 (15.0%)	2.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	144.0 (49.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	85.0 (23.7%)
Sirimba Dispensary	32.0 (2.1%)	2.0 (0.6%)	23.0 (12.6%)	2.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.7%)	4.0 (1.1%)
Sisenye Dispensary	76.0 (4.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	74.0 (32.5%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	7,481	1,313	1,295	1,328	831	1,378	1,336
reason seeking care-fever or suspected malaria	1,097.0 (55.0%)	250.0 (59.1%)	123.0 (51.2%)	155.0 (55.4%)	193.0 (53.5%)	102.0 (47.7%)	274.0 (57.4%)	0.065
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-cough or respiratory infection	327.0 (16.4%)	48.0 (11.3%)	41.0 (17.1%)	53.0 (18.9%)	63.0 (17.5%)	37.0 (17.3%)	85.0 (17.8%)	0.065
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Diarrhea	105.0 (5.3%)	10.0 (2.4%)	11.0 (4.6%)	5.0 (1.8%)	31.0 (8.6%)	7.0 (3.3%)	41.0 (8.6%)	<0.001
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Rash or skin disease	91.0 (4.6%)	15.0 (3.5%)	7.0 (2.9%)	8.0 (2.9%)	30.0 (8.3%)	8.0 (3.7%)	23.0 (4.8%)	0.006
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Abdominal pain	89.0 (4.5%)	12.0 (2.8%)	15.0 (6.2%)	12.0 (4.3%)	25.0 (6.9%)	8.0 (3.7%)	17.0 (3.6%)	0.057
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Arthritis or joint pain	92.0 (4.6%)	16.0 (3.8%)	10.0 (4.2%)	14.0 (5.0%)	22.0 (6.1%)	7.0 (3.3%)	23.0 (4.8%)	0.6
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Fatigue or anaemia	13.0 (0.7%)	2.0 (0.5%)	2.0 (0.8%)	2.0 (0.7%)	2.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (0.5%)	4.0 (0.8%)	>0.9
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Tuberculosis	9.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.5%)	3.0 (0.6%)	0.004
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-HIV/AIDS care	23.0 (1.2%)	13.0 (3.1%)	3.0 (1.2%)	1.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (1.0%)	0.004
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Follow up Diabetes care	21.0 (1.1%)	2.0 (0.5%)	2.0 (0.8%)	9.0 (3.2%)	1.0 (0.3%)	4.0 (1.9%)	3.0 (0.6%)	0.003
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Follow up Hypertension care	91.0 (4.6%)	30.0 (7.1%)	8.0 (3.3%)	19.0 (6.8%)	9.0 (2.5%)	7.0 (3.3%)	18.0 (3.8%)	0.009
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Accident or injury	42.0 (2.1%)	10.0 (2.4%)	2.0 (0.8%)	5.0 (1.8%)	1.0 (0.3%)	11.0 (5.1%)	13.0 (2.7%)	0.002
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Cancer follow up	6.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (1.4%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.094
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason seeking care-Other	317.0 (15.9%)	66.0 (15.6%)	53.0 (22.1%)	38.0 (13.6%)	50.0 (13.9%)	50.0 (23.4%)	60.0 (12.6%)	<0.001
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
reason not seeking care-Lacked Money	352.0 (29.4%)	39.0 (22.4%)	105.0 (44.9%)	87.0 (30.7%)	17.0 (17.7%)	57.0 (23.5%)	47.0 (28.3%)	<0.001
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-Prescribed drugs not available	29.0 (2.4%)	5.0 (2.9%)	13.0 (5.6%)	7.0 (2.5%)	1.0 (1.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (1.8%)	0.002
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-Self-medication	634.0 (53.0%)	75.0 (43.1%)	81.0 (34.6%)	185.0 (65.4%)	32.0 (33.3%)	166.0 (68.3%)	95.0 (57.2%)	<0.001
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-Poor quality service	14.0 (1.2%)	1.0 (0.6%)	6.0 (2.6%)	2.0 (0.7%)	3.0 (3.1%)	1.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.6%)	0.10
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-High Cost of Care	10.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (1.1%)	3.0 (3.1%)	2.0 (0.8%)	2.0 (1.2%)	0.051
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-Religion /cultural reasons	3.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.8
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-Fear of discovering	12.0 (1.0%)	2.0 (1.1%)	1.0 (0.4%)	2.0 (0.7%)	3.0 (3.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (2.4%)	0.027
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-serious illness	6.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.0%)	2.0 (0.8%)	2.0 (1.2%)	0.2
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-Long distance to provider	37.0 (3.1%)	8.0 (4.6%)	6.0 (2.6%)	8.0 (2.8%)	7.0 (7.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	8.0 (4.8%)	0.001
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-Illness not considered serious enough	221.0 (18.5%)	51.0 (29.3%)	25.0 (10.7%)	72.0 (25.4%)	39.0 (40.6%)	20.0 (8.2%)	14.0 (8.4%)	<0.001
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
reason not seeking care-Other	31.0 (2.6%)	5.0 (2.9%)	4.0 (1.7%)	6.0 (2.1%)	2.0 (2.1%)	6.0 (2.5%)	8.0 (4.8%)	0.6
Missing	7,824	1,475	1,243	1,273	1,028	1,276	1,529
illness diagnosed-Hypertension	123.0 (6.2%)	34.0 (8.0%)	11.0 (4.6%)	25.0 (8.9%)	14.0 (3.9%)	12.0 (5.6%)	27.0 (5.7%)	0.054
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Diabetes	27.0 (1.4%)	3.0 (0.7%)	2.0 (0.8%)	11.0 (3.9%)	2.0 (0.6%)	5.0 (2.3%)	4.0 (0.8%)	0.006
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Cardiac disorders	12.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (0.2%)	3.0 (1.2%)	2.0 (0.7%)	3.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (0.6%)	0.5
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Stroke	2.0 (0.1%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.2%)	>0.9
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Sickle Cell Disease	7.0 (0.4%)	2.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.8
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-HIV/AIDS	32.0 (1.6%)	14.0 (3.3%)	3.0 (1.2%)	6.0 (2.1%)	2.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	7.0 (1.5%)	0.012
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Tuberculosis	16.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.8%)	8.0 (2.9%)	2.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (0.5%)	3.0 (0.6%)	0.004
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.2%)	>0.9
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Anemia	10.0 (0.5%)	2.0 (0.5%)	3.0 (1.2%)	2.0 (0.7%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.5
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Arthritis or Joint pains	102.0 (5.1%)	16.0 (3.8%)	13.0 (5.4%)	19.0 (6.8%)	25.0 (6.9%)	7.0 (3.3%)	22.0 (4.6%)	0.2
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Peptic ulcer	67.0 (3.4%)	10.0 (2.4%)	5.0 (2.1%)	24.0 (8.6%)	7.0 (1.9%)	7.0 (3.3%)	14.0 (2.9%)	<0.001
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Chronic lung disease such as Asthma, COPD	58.0 (2.9%)	2.0 (0.5%)	6.0 (2.5%)	17.0 (6.1%)	13.0 (3.6%)	7.0 (3.3%)	13.0 (2.7%)	0.001
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Cancer	5.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.5
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Skin disease	75.0 (3.8%)	11.0 (2.6%)	7.0 (2.9%)	6.0 (2.1%)	30.0 (8.3%)	3.0 (1.4%)	18.0 (3.8%)	<0.001
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Epilepsy or other seizure disorder	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Mental health disorder such as depression	5.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.2%)	0.2
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Malaria	1,122.0 (56.2%)	242.0 (57.2%)	132.0 (55.0%)	175.0 (62.5%)	190.0 (52.6%)	100.0 (46.7%)	283.0 (59.3%)	0.006
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
illness diagnosed-Other	547.0 (27.4%)	111.0 (26.2%)	71.0 (29.6%)	34.0 (12.1%)	108.0 (29.9%)	92.0 (43.0%)	131.0 (27.5%)	<0.001
Missing	7,025	1,226	1,237	1,276	763	1,305	1,218
1n (%); Mean (SD)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test

7.2 Health Insurance

Healthcare Utilization \| have health insurance
ill last four weeks				0.5
No	5,789.0 (64.3%)	5,188.0 (64.1%)	601.0 (65.3%)
Yes	3,221.0 (35.7%)	2,901.0 (35.9%)	320.0 (34.7%)
Missing	23	21	2
visit health provider				0.2
Don't Know	19.0 (0.6%)	19.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	1,201.0 (37.3%)	1,072.0 (37.0%)	129.0 (40.3%)
Yes	2,001.0 (62.1%)	1,810.0 (62.4%)	191.0 (59.7%)
Missing	5,812	5,209	603
seek preventive health last 4 weeks				0.040
Don't Know	183.0 (2.0%)	154.0 (1.9%)	29.0 (3.1%)
No	7,342.0 (81.5%)	6,600.0 (81.6%)	742.0 (80.6%)
Yes	1,485.0 (16.5%)	1,335.0 (16.5%)	150.0 (16.3%)
Missing	23	21	2
cost for preventive health	269.6 (1,286.8)	221.7 (1,087.0)	590.5 (2,196.3)	0.8
Missing	8,725	7,842	883
outpatient visits last 4w	0.2 (0.5)	0.2 (0.5)	0.2 (0.5)	0.5
Missing	23	21	2
recent treatment visit				<0.001
Home of the provider (i.e., TBA, CHW, etc.).	41.0 (2.6%)	37.0 (2.6%)	4.0 (2.6%)
mission facility	46.0 (2.9%)	27.0 (1.9%)	19.0 (12.2%)
other	24.0 (1.5%)	24.0 (1.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
private facility	130.0 (8.1%)	101.0 (7.0%)	29.0 (18.6%)
public (govt.) facility	1,365.0 (85.0%)	1,261.0 (87.0%)	104.0 (66.7%)
Missing	7,427	6,660	767
means of transport				<0.001
bicycle	32.0 (2.1%)	31.0 (2.2%)	1.0 (0.7%)
motorcycle	787.0 (51.1%)	695.0 (50.0%)	92.0 (60.5%)
other	78.0 (5.1%)	77.0 (5.5%)	1.0 (0.7%)
private vehicle	13.0 (0.8%)	10.0 (0.7%)	3.0 (2.0%)
public vehicle	80.0 (5.2%)	57.0 (4.1%)	23.0 (15.1%)
train	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.7%)
walk (on foot)	550.0 (35.7%)	519.0 (37.4%)	31.0 (20.4%)
Missing	7,492	6,721	771
time taken to facility_mins	39.0 (256.5)	32.4 (36.2)	100.0 (809.3)	0.4
Missing	7,492	6,721	771
facility attended				<0.001
Budalangi Dispensary	97.0 (6.3%)	89.0 (6.4%)	8.0 (5.3%)
Bulwani Dispensary	45.0 (2.9%)	45.0 (3.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busagwa Dispensary	133.0 (8.6%)	123.0 (8.9%)	10.0 (6.6%)
Busia County Referral Hospital	14.0 (0.9%)	11.0 (0.8%)	3.0 (2.0%)
Khajula Dispensary	83.0 (5.4%)	80.0 (5.8%)	3.0 (2.0%)
Mukhobola Health Center	216.0 (14.0%)	197.0 (14.2%)	19.0 (12.5%)
Osieko Dispensary	37.0 (2.4%)	36.0 (2.6%)	1.0 (0.7%)
other (specify	264.0 (17.1%)	217.0 (15.6%)	47.0 (30.9%)
Port Victoria Hospital	313.0 (20.3%)	276.0 (19.9%)	37.0 (24.3%)
Rukala Heath Center	231.0 (15.0%)	229.0 (16.5%)	2.0 (1.3%)
Sirimba Dispensary	32.0 (2.1%)	18.0 (1.3%)	14.0 (9.2%)
Sisenye Dispensary	76.0 (4.9%)	68.0 (4.9%)	8.0 (5.3%)
Missing	7,492	6,721	771
reason seeking care-fever or suspected malaria	1,100.0 (55.0%)	1,004.0 (55.6%)	96.0 (49.2%)	0.088
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-cough or respiratory infection	328.0 (16.4%)	298.0 (16.5%)	30.0 (15.4%)	0.7
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Diarrhea	105.0 (5.2%)	95.0 (5.3%)	10.0 (5.1%)	>0.9
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Rash or skin disease	91.0 (4.5%)	83.0 (4.6%)	8.0 (4.1%)	0.8
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Abdominal pain	89.0 (4.5%)	81.0 (4.5%)	8.0 (4.1%)	0.8
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Arthritis or joint pain	92.0 (4.6%)	80.0 (4.4%)	12.0 (6.2%)	0.3
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Fatigue or anaemia	13.0 (0.6%)	11.0 (0.6%)	2.0 (1.0%)	0.4
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Tuberculosis	9.0 (0.4%)	8.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.5%)	0.6
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-HIV/AIDS care	23.0 (1.1%)	19.0 (1.1%)	4.0 (2.1%)	0.3
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Follow up Diabetes care	21.0 (1.1%)	16.0 (0.9%)	5.0 (2.6%)	0.047
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Follow up Hypertension care	91.0 (4.5%)	76.0 (4.2%)	15.0 (7.7%)	0.027
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Accident or injury	42.0 (2.1%)	35.0 (1.9%)	7.0 (3.6%)	0.2
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Cancer follow up	6.0 (0.3%)	5.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.5%)	0.5
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason seeking care-Other	319.0 (16.0%)	283.0 (15.7%)	36.0 (18.5%)	0.3
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
reason not seeking care-Lacked Money	352.0 (29.4%)	333.0 (31.3%)	19.0 (14.3%)	<0.001
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-Prescribed drugs not available	29.0 (2.4%)	24.0 (2.3%)	5.0 (3.8%)	0.4
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-Self-medication	634.0 (53.0%)	545.0 (51.2%)	89.0 (66.9%)	<0.001
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-Poor quality service	14.0 (1.2%)	11.0 (1.0%)	3.0 (2.3%)	0.2
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-High Cost of Care	10.0 (0.8%)	8.0 (0.8%)	2.0 (1.5%)	0.3
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-Religion /cultural reasons	3.0 (0.3%)	3.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	>0.9
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-Fear of discovering	12.0 (1.0%)	12.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.4
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-serious illness	6.0 (0.5%)	6.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	>0.9
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-Long distance to provider	38.0 (3.2%)	33.0 (3.1%)	5.0 (3.8%)	0.6
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-Illness not considered serious enough	221.0 (18.5%)	190.0 (17.9%)	31.0 (23.3%)	0.13
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
reason not seeking care-Other	31.0 (2.6%)	29.0 (2.7%)	2.0 (1.5%)	0.6
Missing	7,836	7,046	790
illness diagnosed-Hypertension	123.0 (6.2%)	103.0 (5.7%)	20.0 (10.3%)	0.012
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Diabetes	27.0 (1.4%)	22.0 (1.2%)	5.0 (2.6%)	0.2
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Cardiac disorders	12.0 (0.6%)	11.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (0.5%)	>0.9
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Stroke	2.0 (0.1%)	2.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	>0.9
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Sickle Cell Disease	7.0 (0.4%)	6.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.5%)	0.5
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-HIV/AIDS	32.0 (1.6%)	27.0 (1.5%)	5.0 (2.6%)	0.2
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Tuberculosis	16.0 (0.8%)	15.0 (0.8%)	1.0 (0.5%)	>0.9
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C	1.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	>0.9
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Anemia	10.0 (0.5%)	10.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.6
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Arthritis or Joint pains	102.0 (5.1%)	89.0 (4.9%)	13.0 (6.7%)	0.3
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Peptic ulcer	67.0 (3.4%)	53.0 (2.9%)	14.0 (7.2%)	0.002
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Chronic lung disease such as Asthma, COPD	58.0 (2.9%)	54.0 (3.0%)	4.0 (2.1%)	0.5
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Cancer	5.0 (0.2%)	4.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (0.5%)	0.4
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Skin disease	75.0 (3.8%)	69.0 (3.8%)	6.0 (3.1%)	0.6
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Epilepsy or other seizure disorder	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Mental health disorder such as depression	5.0 (0.2%)	4.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (0.5%)	0.4
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Malaria	1,125.0 (56.2%)	1,026.0 (56.8%)	99.0 (50.8%)	0.10
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
illness diagnosed-Other	549.0 (27.5%)	497.0 (27.5%)	52.0 (26.7%)	0.8
Missing	7,033	6,305	728
1n (%); Mean (SD)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher's exact test

8 Quality Improvement

8.1 Location

Quality Improvement \| 5 point scale \| Location
facility cleanliness	4.0 (0.9)	4.1 (0.8)	3.9 (1.0)	4.0 (1.0)	4.2 (0.9)	3.6 (0.7)	4.2 (0.9)	<0.001
Missing	1,062	185	215	164	131	181	186
private consultation	4.1 (0.8)	4.3 (0.8)	4.0 (1.0)	4.1 (0.8)	4.4 (0.8)	3.8 (0.6)	4.3 (0.9)	<0.001
Missing	1,062	185	215	164	131	181	186
health problems kept confidential	4.1 (0.8)	4.2 (0.8)	4.0 (1.0)	4.2 (0.8)	4.4 (0.8)	3.8 (0.6)	4.3 (0.8)	<0.001
Missing	1,062	185	215	164	131	181	186
treated with respect	4.1 (0.9)	4.3 (0.8)	3.9 (1.1)	4.1 (0.9)	4.3 (0.9)	3.8 (0.6)	4.4 (0.8)	<0.001
Missing	1,062	185	215	164	131	181	186
drugs helped to relieve ailment	4.1 (1.0)	4.1 (1.0)	3.9 (1.2)	4.1 (0.9)	4.0 (1.1)	3.8 (0.6)	4.4 (0.8)	<0.001
Missing	1,062	185	215	164	131	181	186
received medical attention promptly	3.7 (1.2)	3.9 (1.1)	3.3 (1.3)	2.9 (1.3)	4.0 (1.0)	3.6 (0.7)	4.2 (0.9)	<0.001
Missing	1,062	185	215	164	131	181	186
overall quality of care	4.0 (0.9)	3.9 (1.0)	3.8 (1.1)	4.0 (0.9)	4.2 (0.9)	3.8 (0.6)	4.3 (0.8)	<0.001
Missing	1,062	185	215	164	131	181	186
recommend facility	4.0 (1.0)	4.0 (1.0)	3.8 (1.2)	3.8 (0.9)	4.4 (0.9)	3.6 (0.9)	4.3 (0.7)	<0.001
Missing	1,062	185	215	164	131	181	186
improvement area-Breadth (i.e., comprehensiveness) of services & care	98.0 (53.8%)	30.0 (65.2%)	10.0 (28.6%)	16.0 (53.3%)	6.0 (60.0%)	21.0 (58.3%)	15.0 (60.0%)	0.032
Missing	1,718	293	328	278	249	269	301
improvement area-Quality of health services	55.0 (30.2%)	12.0 (26.1%)	11.0 (31.4%)	5.0 (16.7%)	2.0 (20.0%)	12.0 (33.3%)	13.0 (52.0%)	0.10
Missing	1,718	293	328	278	249	269	301
improvement area-Premiums	84.0 (46.2%)	14.0 (30.4%)	18.0 (51.4%)	21.0 (70.0%)	4.0 (40.0%)	18.0 (50.0%)	9.0 (36.0%)	0.021
Missing	1,718	293	328	278	249	269	301
improvement area-Access to the insurance scheme (for e.g., due to geographical remoteness)	32.0 (17.6%)	16.0 (34.8%)	1.0 (2.9%)	5.0 (16.7%)	1.0 (10.0%)	2.0 (5.6%)	7.0 (28.0%)	<0.001
Missing	1,718	293	328	278	249	269	301
improvement area-Others (Specify)	13.0 (7.1%)	6.0 (13.0%)	1.0 (2.9%)	1.0 (3.3%)	1.0 (10.0%)	1.0 (2.8%)	3.0 (12.0%)	0.3
Missing	1,718	293	328	278	249	269	301
1Mean (SD); n (%)
2Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test; Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

8.2 Health Insurance

Quality Improvement \| have health insurance
facility cleanliness	4.0 (0.9)	4.0 (0.9)	4.1 (0.8)	0.7
Missing	1,062	928	134
private consultation	4.1 (0.8)	4.1 (0.8)	4.2 (0.8)	0.6
Missing	1,062	928	134
health problems kept confidential	4.1 (0.8)	4.1 (0.8)	4.2 (0.7)	0.7
Missing	1,062	928	134
treated with respect	4.1 (0.9)	4.1 (0.9)	4.3 (0.7)	0.3
Missing	1,062	928	134
drugs helped to relieve ailment	4.1 (1.0)	4.0 (1.0)	4.2 (0.8)	0.4
Missing	1,062	928	134
received medical attention promptly	3.7 (1.2)	3.6 (1.2)	3.9 (1.1)	0.10
Missing	1,062	928	134
overall quality of care	4.0 (0.9)	4.0 (0.9)	4.1 (0.9)	0.5
Missing	1,062	928	134
recommend facility	4.0 (1.0)	4.0 (1.0)	4.0 (1.0)	0.7
Missing	1,062	928	134
improvement area-Breadth (i.e., comprehensiveness) of services & care	98.0 (53.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	98.0 (55.4%)	0.014
Missing	1,718	1,671	47
improvement area-Quality of health services	55.0 (30.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	55.0 (31.1%)	0.14
Missing	1,718	1,671	47
improvement area-Premiums	84.0 (46.2%)	5.0 (100.0%)	79.0 (44.6%)	0.014
Missing	1,718	1,671	47
improvement area-Access to the insurance scheme (for e.g., due to geographical remoteness)	32.0 (17.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	32.0 (18.1%)	0.6
Missing	1,718	1,671	47
improvement area-Others (Specify)	13.0 (7.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	13.0 (7.3%)	>0.9
Missing	1,718	1,671	47
1Mean (SD); n (%)
2Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's exact test

9 Hospitalization

9.1 Location

Hospitalization \| Location
admitted last 12m								0.006
No	8,695.0 (96.6%)	1,595.0 (96.8%)	1,433.0 (97.0%)	1,515.0 (97.6%)	1,065.0 (94.9%)	1,456.0 (96.7%)	1,631.0 (96.3%)
Yes	302.0 (3.4%)	52.0 (3.2%)	44.0 (3.0%)	37.0 (2.4%)	57.0 (5.1%)	49.0 (3.3%)	63.0 (3.7%)
Missing	23	2	0	4	2	14	1
admission last 12m								0.069
0	9.0 (3.0%)	1.0 (1.9%)	1.0 (2.3%)	1.0 (2.7%)	5.0 (8.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.6%)
1	240.0 (79.5%)	45.0 (86.5%)	39.0 (88.6%)	28.0 (75.7%)	36.0 (63.2%)	39.0 (79.6%)	53.0 (84.1%)
2	44.0 (14.6%)	5.0 (9.6%)	3.0 (6.8%)	7.0 (18.9%)	14.0 (24.6%)	7.0 (14.3%)	8.0 (12.7%)
3	6.0 (2.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.7%)	1.0 (1.8%)	3.0 (6.1%)	1.0 (1.6%)
4	1.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
7	1.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
20	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (1.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	8,718	1,597	1,433	1,519	1,067	1,470	1,632
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

9.2 Health Insurance

Hospitalization \| have health insurance
admitted last 12m				0.050
No	8,708.0 (96.6%)	7,828.0 (96.8%)	880.0 (95.5%)
Yes	302.0 (3.4%)	261.0 (3.2%)	41.0 (4.5%)
Missing	23	21	2
admission last 12m				0.7
0	9.0 (3.0%)	9.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
1	240.0 (79.5%)	204.0 (78.2%)	36.0 (87.8%)
2	44.0 (14.6%)	40.0 (15.3%)	4.0 (9.8%)
3	6.0 (2.0%)	5.0 (1.9%)	1.0 (2.4%)
4	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
7	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
20	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	8,731	7,849	882
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

10 Reproductive Health

10.1 Location

Reproductive Health \| Location
ever given birth								0.002
No	342.0 (23.6%)	77.0 (28.5%)	58.0 (22.1%)	80.0 (28.2%)	25.0 (15.3%)	38.0 (17.4%)	64.0 (25.3%)
Yes	1,109.0 (76.4%)	193.0 (71.5%)	204.0 (77.9%)	204.0 (71.8%)	138.0 (84.7%)	181.0 (82.6%)	189.0 (74.7%)
Missing	1,319	244	213	152	197	256	257
given birth last 12m								0.4
No	923.0 (83.2%)	164.0 (85.0%)	161.0 (78.9%)	173.0 (84.8%)	114.0 (82.6%)	157.0 (86.7%)	154.0 (81.5%)
Yes	186.0 (16.8%)	29.0 (15.0%)	43.0 (21.1%)	31.0 (15.2%)	24.0 (17.4%)	24.0 (13.3%)	35.0 (18.5%)
Missing	1,661	321	271	232	222	294	321
last born place of birth								0.005
Home of the provider (i.e., TBA, CHW, etc.).	7.0 (3.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (4.7%)	2.0 (6.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (4.2%)	2.0 (5.7%)
mission facility	17.0 (9.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	10.0 (23.3%)	3.0 (9.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (12.5%)	1.0 (2.9%)
other	6.0 (3.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (12.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (4.2%)	1.0 (2.9%)
private facility	11.0 (5.9%)	2.0 (6.9%)	2.0 (4.7%)	4.0 (12.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (4.2%)	2.0 (5.7%)
public (govt.) facility	145.0 (78.0%)	27.0 (93.1%)	29.0 (67.4%)	18.0 (58.1%)	24.0 (100.0%)	18.0 (75.0%)	29.0 (82.9%)
Missing	2,584	485	432	405	336	451	475
last born delivery done by								0.007
Community health worker	2.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (4.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Doctor	33.0 (17.7%)	2.0 (6.9%)	9.0 (20.9%)	10.0 (32.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	6.0 (25.0%)	6.0 (17.1%)
No one assisted	4.0 (2.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.3%)	1.0 (3.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (5.7%)
Nurse/midwife	142.0 (76.3%)	26.0 (89.7%)	31.0 (72.1%)	19.0 (61.3%)	24.0 (100.0%)	16.0 (66.7%)	26.0 (74.3%)
Relative/friend	2.0 (1.1%)	1.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.9%)
Traditional birth attendant	3.0 (1.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (3.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (8.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	2,584	485	432	405	336	451	475
last birth antenatal care								0.003
Don't Know	5.0 (2.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (16.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Yes	181.0 (97.3%)	29.0 (100.0%)	42.0 (97.7%)	31.0 (100.0%)	20.0 (83.3%)	24.0 (100.0%)	35.0 (100.0%)
Missing	2,584	485	432	405	336	451	475
num antenatal care visits								0.003
1	5.0 (2.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (3.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (16.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
2	6.0 (3.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (3.2%)	1.0 (5.0%)	2.0 (8.3%)	2.0 (5.7%)
3	23.0 (12.7%)	5.0 (17.2%)	1.0 (2.4%)	3.0 (9.7%)	1.0 (5.0%)	4.0 (16.7%)	9.0 (25.7%)
4	61.0 (33.7%)	8.0 (27.6%)	17.0 (40.5%)	13.0 (41.9%)	6.0 (30.0%)	9.0 (37.5%)	8.0 (22.9%)
Don't Know/Can’t remember	1.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
More than 4	85.0 (47.0%)	15.0 (51.7%)	24.0 (57.1%)	13.0 (41.9%)	12.0 (60.0%)	5.0 (20.8%)	16.0 (45.7%)
Missing	2,589	485	433	405	340	451	475
last born facility of birth								<0.001
Bulwani Dispensary	2.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (8.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busagwa Dispensary	2.0 (1.1%)	1.0 (3.4%)	1.0 (2.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busia County Referral Hospital	2.0 (1.1%)	1.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (4.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Khajula Dispensary	1.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (3.0%)
Mukhobola Health Center	24.0 (13.4%)	13.0 (44.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (4.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	10.0 (30.3%)
Osieko Dispensary	2.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (8.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
other (specify	52.0 (29.1%)	12.0 (41.4%)	19.0 (46.3%)	9.0 (31.0%)	4.0 (16.7%)	4.0 (17.4%)	4.0 (12.1%)
Port Victoria Hospital	64.0 (35.8%)	1.0 (3.4%)	13.0 (31.7%)	15.0 (51.7%)	7.0 (29.2%)	15.0 (65.2%)	13.0 (39.4%)
Rukala Heath Center	13.0 (7.3%)	1.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	8.0 (33.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (12.1%)
Sirimba Dispensary	17.0 (9.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	8.0 (19.5%)	5.0 (17.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (13.0%)	1.0 (3.0%)
Missing	2,591	485	434	407	336	452	477
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

10.2 Health Insurance

Reproductive Health \| have health insurance
ever given birth				0.3
No	342.0 (23.5%)	310.0 (24.0%)	32.0 (20.1%)
Yes	1,111.0 (76.5%)	984.0 (76.0%)	127.0 (79.9%)
Missing	1,319	1,188	131
given birth last 12m				0.017
No	923.0 (83.1%)	808.0 (82.1%)	115.0 (90.6%)
Yes	188.0 (16.9%)	176.0 (17.9%)	12.0 (9.4%)
Missing	1,661	1,498	163
last born place of birth				0.060
Home of the provider (i.e., TBA, CHW, etc.).	7.0 (3.7%)	6.0 (3.4%)	1.0 (8.3%)
mission facility	17.0 (9.0%)	16.0 (9.1%)	1.0 (8.3%)
other	6.0 (3.2%)	6.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
private facility	11.0 (5.9%)	8.0 (4.5%)	3.0 (25.0%)
public (govt.) facility	147.0 (78.2%)	140.0 (79.5%)	7.0 (58.3%)
Missing	2,584	2,306	278
last born delivery done by				0.9
Community health worker	2.0 (1.1%)	2.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Doctor	33.0 (17.6%)	30.0 (17.0%)	3.0 (25.0%)
No one assisted	4.0 (2.1%)	4.0 (2.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Nurse/midwife	144.0 (76.6%)	135.0 (76.7%)	9.0 (75.0%)
Relative/friend	2.0 (1.1%)	2.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Traditional birth attendant	3.0 (1.6%)	3.0 (1.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	2,584	2,306	278
last birth antenatal care				>0.9
Don't Know	5.0 (2.7%)	5.0 (2.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Yes	183.0 (97.3%)	171.0 (97.2%)	12.0 (100.0%)
Missing	2,584	2,306	278
num antenatal care visits				>0.9
1	5.0 (2.7%)	5.0 (2.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)
2	6.0 (3.3%)	6.0 (3.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)
3	23.0 (12.6%)	22.0 (12.9%)	1.0 (8.3%)
4	61.0 (33.3%)	57.0 (33.3%)	4.0 (33.3%)
Don't Know/Can’t remember	1.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)
More than 4	87.0 (47.5%)	80.0 (46.8%)	7.0 (58.3%)
Missing	2,589	2,311	278
last born facility of birth				0.9
Bulwani Dispensary	2.0 (1.1%)	2.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busagwa Dispensary	2.0 (1.1%)	2.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busia County Referral Hospital	2.0 (1.1%)	2.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Khajula Dispensary	1.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Mukhobola Health Center	25.0 (13.8%)	23.0 (13.5%)	2.0 (18.2%)
Osieko Dispensary	2.0 (1.1%)	2.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)
other (specify	53.0 (29.3%)	48.0 (28.2%)	5.0 (45.5%)
Port Victoria Hospital	64.0 (35.4%)	61.0 (35.9%)	3.0 (27.3%)
Rukala Heath Center	13.0 (7.2%)	13.0 (7.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Sirimba Dispensary	17.0 (9.4%)	16.0 (9.4%)	1.0 (9.1%)
Missing	2,591	2,312	279
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Fisher's exact test

11 Contraceptive

11.1 Location

Contraceptive \| Location
currently trying to conceive								<0.001
No	1,206.0 (83.1%)	242.0 (89.6%)	191.0 (72.9%)	242.0 (85.2%)	133.0 (81.6%)	176.0 (80.4%)	222.0 (87.7%)
Yes	245.0 (16.9%)	28.0 (10.4%)	71.0 (27.1%)	42.0 (14.8%)	30.0 (18.4%)	43.0 (19.6%)	31.0 (12.3%)
Missing	3,736	685	609	571	513	638	720
using contraceptive								<0.001
No	566.0 (46.9%)	133.0 (55.0%)	92.0 (48.2%)	74.0 (30.6%)	65.0 (48.9%)	98.0 (55.7%)	104.0 (46.8%)
Yes	640.0 (53.1%)	109.0 (45.0%)	99.0 (51.8%)	168.0 (69.4%)	68.0 (51.1%)	78.0 (44.3%)	118.0 (53.2%)
Missing	3,981	713	680	613	543	681	751
type of contraceptive								<0.001
Abstinence	80.0 (12.5%)	12.0 (11.0%)	1.0 (1.0%)	36.0 (21.4%)	10.0 (14.7%)	3.0 (3.8%)	18.0 (15.3%)
Emergency Contraception	2.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.8%)
Female condom	8.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.0%)	3.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (3.8%)	1.0 (0.8%)
Female Sterilization	42.0 (6.6%)	2.0 (1.8%)	4.0 (4.0%)	29.0 (17.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (6.4%)	2.0 (1.7%)
Implant	216.0 (33.8%)	39.0 (35.8%)	17.0 (17.2%)	43.0 (25.6%)	23.0 (33.8%)	33.0 (42.3%)	61.0 (51.7%)
Injectables	214.0 (33.4%)	41.0 (37.6%)	60.0 (60.6%)	35.0 (20.8%)	27.0 (39.7%)	25.0 (32.1%)	26.0 (22.0%)
IUD	27.0 (4.2%)	4.0 (3.7%)	3.0 (3.0%)	4.0 (2.4%)	6.0 (8.8%)	3.0 (3.8%)	7.0 (5.9%)
Male Condom	19.0 (3.0%)	3.0 (2.8%)	8.0 (8.1%)	5.0 (3.0%)	1.0 (1.5%)	2.0 (2.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Pill	23.0 (3.6%)	8.0 (7.3%)	4.0 (4.0%)	6.0 (3.6%)	1.0 (1.5%)	4.0 (5.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Rhythm Method(Safe days)	6.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (3.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.8%)
Withdrawal	3.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.0%)	1.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.8%)
Missing	4,547	846	772	687	608	779	855
Amount paid for contraceptive	203.4 (3,279.2)	22.1 (72.5)	62.9 (144.2)	64.9 (210.5)	51.9 (192.9)	44.5 (89.7)	872.0 (7,633.8)	0.5
Missing	4,731	887	805	704	649	797	889
1n (%); Mean (SD)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test

11.2 Health Insurance

Contraceptive \| have health insurance
currently trying to conceive				0.2
No	1,208.0 (83.1%)	1,081.0 (83.5%)	127.0 (79.9%)
Yes	245.0 (16.9%)	213.0 (16.5%)	32.0 (20.1%)
Missing	3,740	3,349	391
using contraceptive				>0.9
No	567.0 (46.9%)	508.0 (47.0%)	59.0 (46.5%)
Yes	641.0 (53.1%)	573.0 (53.0%)	68.0 (53.5%)
Missing	3,985	3,562	423
type of contraceptive				0.11
Abstinence	80.0 (12.5%)	74.0 (12.9%)	6.0 (8.8%)
Emergency Contraception	2.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (1.5%)
Female condom	8.0 (1.2%)	8.0 (1.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Female Sterilization	42.0 (6.6%)	33.0 (5.8%)	9.0 (13.2%)
Implant	217.0 (33.9%)	200.0 (34.9%)	17.0 (25.0%)
Injectables	214.0 (33.4%)	187.0 (32.6%)	27.0 (39.7%)
IUD	27.0 (4.2%)	25.0 (4.4%)	2.0 (2.9%)
Male Condom	19.0 (3.0%)	18.0 (3.1%)	1.0 (1.5%)
Pill	23.0 (3.6%)	18.0 (3.1%)	5.0 (7.4%)
Rhythm Method(Safe days)	6.0 (0.9%)	6.0 (1.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Withdrawal	3.0 (0.5%)	3.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	4,552	4,070	482
Amount paid for contraceptive	203.4 (3,279.2)	44.6 (122.5)	1,654.2 (10,424.5)	0.008
Missing	4,737	4,232	505
1n (%); Mean (SD)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Wilcoxon rank sum test

12 Cervical & Breast Cancer Screening

12.1 Location

Cervical & Breast Cancer Screening \| Location
aware of cervical cancer								0.11
No	130.0 (18.7%)	21.0 (18.6%)	31.0 (23.5%)	23.0 (17.7%)	8.0 (9.2%)	28.0 (23.1%)	19.0 (17.0%)
Yes	565.0 (81.3%)	92.0 (81.4%)	101.0 (76.5%)	107.0 (82.3%)	79.0 (90.8%)	93.0 (76.9%)	93.0 (83.0%)
Missing	1,784	343	296	262	234	310	339
ever had cervical cancer screening								<0.001
No	463.0 (66.6%)	69.0 (61.1%)	107.0 (81.1%)	94.0 (72.3%)	51.0 (58.6%)	76.0 (62.8%)	66.0 (58.9%)
Yes	232.0 (33.4%)	44.0 (38.9%)	25.0 (18.9%)	36.0 (27.7%)	36.0 (41.4%)	45.0 (37.2%)	46.0 (41.1%)
Missing	1,784	343	296	262	234	310	339
cervical cancer screening procedure								<0.001
DON'T KNOW/ NOT SURE	20.0 (8.6%)	6.0 (13.6%)	2.0 (8.0%)	1.0 (2.8%)	5.0 (13.9%)	4.0 (8.9%)	2.0 (4.3%)
PAP SMEAR	92.0 (39.7%)	26.0 (59.1%)	11.0 (44.0%)	9.0 (25.0%)	18.0 (50.0%)	8.0 (17.8%)	20.0 (43.5%)
VISUAL INSPECTION (WITH ACETIC ACID (VIA) LUGOL'S IODINE (VILI))	120.0 (51.7%)	12.0 (27.3%)	12.0 (48.0%)	26.0 (72.2%)	13.0 (36.1%)	33.0 (73.3%)	24.0 (52.2%)
Missing	2,247	412	403	356	285	386	405
breast examination								0.2
No	715.0 (92.0%)	128.0 (97.0%)	126.0 (92.6%)	137.0 (90.7%)	91.0 (92.9%)	126.0 (90.0%)	107.0 (89.2%)
Yes	62.0 (8.0%)	4.0 (3.0%)	10.0 (7.4%)	14.0 (9.3%)	7.0 (7.1%)	14.0 (10.0%)	13.0 (10.8%)
Missing	1,702	324	292	241	223	291	331
type of breast cancer exam								0.2
DON'T KNOW/ NOT SURE	2.0 (3.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (20.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
MAMMOGRAM	5.0 (8.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (10.0%)	1.0 (7.1%)	1.0 (14.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (15.4%)
MANUAL EXAMINATION BY HEALTHCARE PROVIDER	44.0 (71.0%)	4.0 (100.0%)	3.0 (30.0%)	11.0 (78.6%)	6.0 (85.7%)	11.0 (78.6%)	9.0 (69.2%)
SELF EXAMINATION	11.0 (17.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (40.0%)	2.0 (14.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (21.4%)	2.0 (15.4%)
Missing	2,417	452	418	378	314	417	438
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

12.2 Health Insurance

Cervical & Breast Cancer Screening \| have health insurance
aware of cervical cancer				0.043
No	130.0 (18.7%)	120.0 (19.9%)	10.0 (11.0%)
Yes	565.0 (81.3%)	484.0 (80.1%)	81.0 (89.0%)
Missing	1,786	1,620	166
ever had cervical cancer screening				0.5
No	463.0 (66.6%)	405.0 (67.1%)	58.0 (63.7%)
Yes	232.0 (33.4%)	199.0 (32.9%)	33.0 (36.3%)
Missing	1,786	1,620	166
cervical cancer screening procedure				0.4
DON'T KNOW/ NOT SURE	20.0 (8.6%)	19.0 (9.5%)	1.0 (3.0%)
PAP SMEAR	92.0 (39.7%)	80.0 (40.2%)	12.0 (36.4%)
VISUAL INSPECTION (WITH ACETIC ACID (VIA) LUGOL'S IODINE (VILI))	120.0 (51.7%)	100.0 (50.3%)	20.0 (60.6%)
Missing	2,249	2,025	224
breast examination				<0.001
No	715.0 (92.0%)	636.0 (93.5%)	79.0 (81.4%)
Yes	62.0 (8.0%)	44.0 (6.5%)	18.0 (18.6%)
Missing	1,704	1,544	160
type of breast cancer exam				0.2
DON'T KNOW/ NOT SURE	2.0 (3.2%)	1.0 (2.3%)	1.0 (5.6%)
MAMMOGRAM	5.0 (8.1%)	5.0 (11.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
MANUAL EXAMINATION BY HEALTHCARE PROVIDER	44.0 (71.0%)	32.0 (72.7%)	12.0 (66.7%)
SELF EXAMINATION	11.0 (17.7%)	6.0 (13.6%)	5.0 (27.8%)
Missing	2,419	2,180	239
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

13 Child Health - Diarrhoea

13.1 Location

Child Health - Diarrhoea \| Location
child under 5 diarrhoea last 2w								<0.001
Don't Know	6.0 (0.8%)	1.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (2.9%)	1.0 (0.8%)	1.0 (0.7%)
No	490.0 (68.2%)	80.0 (71.4%)	101.0 (74.3%)	89.0 (81.7%)	50.0 (48.1%)	86.0 (72.3%)	84.0 (60.9%)
Yes	222.0 (30.9%)	31.0 (27.7%)	35.0 (25.7%)	20.0 (18.3%)	51.0 (49.0%)	32.0 (26.9%)	53.0 (38.4%)
did diarrhoea treatment								0.042
No	59.0 (26.6%)	7.0 (22.6%)	16.0 (45.7%)	8.0 (40.0%)	9.0 (17.6%)	7.0 (21.9%)	12.0 (22.6%)
Yes	163.0 (73.4%)	24.0 (77.4%)	19.0 (54.3%)	12.0 (60.0%)	42.0 (82.4%)	25.0 (78.1%)	41.0 (77.4%)
Missing	496	81	101	89	53	87	85
place of diarrhoea treatment								<0.001
COMMUNITY HLTH WORKER	26.0 (16.0%)	3.0 (12.5%)	2.0 (10.5%)	1.0 (8.3%)	7.0 (16.7%)	4.0 (16.0%)	9.0 (22.0%)
Government DISPENSARY	13.0 (8.0%)	3.0 (12.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (16.7%)	4.0 (9.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (9.8%)
Government HEALTH CENTRE	21.0 (12.9%)	7.0 (29.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	12.0 (28.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (4.9%)
Government HOSPITAL	57.0 (35.0%)	9.0 (37.5%)	4.0 (21.1%)	7.0 (58.3%)	12.0 (28.6%)	9.0 (36.0%)	16.0 (39.0%)
MISSION HOSP/CLINIC	5.0 (3.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (26.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
MOBILE CLINIC	3.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (5.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.4%)
OTHER X (SPECIFY)	4.0 (2.5%)	1.0 (4.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (4.8%)	1.0 (4.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
PHARMACY	18.0 (11.0%)	1.0 (4.2%)	3.0 (15.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (9.5%)	7.0 (28.0%)	3.0 (7.3%)
Private HOSPITAL/CLINIC	13.0 (8.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (15.8%)	2.0 (16.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (16.0%)	4.0 (9.8%)
RELATIVE / FRIEND	1.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.4%)
TRADITIONAL PRACTITIONER	2.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (5.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.4%)
Missing	555	88	117	97	62	94	97
diarrhoea treatment facilty								<0.001
Budalangi Dispensary	4.0 (3.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (16.7%)	2.0 (18.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Bulwani Dispensary	9.0 (8.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	9.0 (32.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busagwa Dispensary	7.0 (6.4%)	7.0 (36.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Khajula Dispensary	8.0 (7.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	8.0 (30.8%)
Mukhobola Health Center	13.0 (11.9%)	12.0 (63.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (3.8%)
Osieko Dispensary	8.0 (7.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	8.0 (28.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
other (specify	15.0 (13.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (41.7%)	2.0 (18.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (30.8%)	4.0 (15.4%)
Port Victoria Hospital	19.0 (17.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (8.3%)	4.0 (36.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	9.0 (69.2%)	5.0 (19.2%)
Rukala Heath Center	19.0 (17.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	11.0 (39.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	8.0 (30.8%)
Sirimba Dispensary	4.0 (3.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (33.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Sisenye Dispensary	3.0 (2.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (27.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	609	93	124	98	76	106	112
given ORS fluid								0.021
Don't Know	6.0 (3.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (21.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (2.4%)	1.0 (4.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	49.0 (30.1%)	8.0 (33.3%)	7.0 (36.8%)	7.0 (58.3%)	11.0 (26.2%)	6.0 (24.0%)	10.0 (24.4%)
Yes	108.0 (66.3%)	16.0 (66.7%)	8.0 (42.1%)	5.0 (41.7%)	30.0 (71.4%)	18.0 (72.0%)	31.0 (75.6%)
Missing	555	88	117	97	62	94	97
given sugar-salt solution								0.4
Don't Know	9.0 (5.5%)	1.0 (4.2%)	3.0 (15.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (7.1%)	1.0 (4.0%)	1.0 (2.4%)
No	120.0 (73.6%)	20.0 (83.3%)	15.0 (78.9%)	10.0 (83.3%)	29.0 (69.0%)	16.0 (64.0%)	30.0 (73.2%)
Yes	34.0 (20.9%)	3.0 (12.5%)	1.0 (5.3%)	2.0 (16.7%)	10.0 (23.8%)	8.0 (32.0%)	10.0 (24.4%)
Missing	555	88	117	97	62	94	97
1n (%)
2Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test

13.2 Health Insurance

Child Health - Diarrhoea \| have health insurance
child under 5 diarrhoea last 2w				>0.9
Don't Know	6.0 (0.8%)	6.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	490.0 (68.2%)	431.0 (68.0%)	59.0 (70.2%)
Yes	222.0 (30.9%)	197.0 (31.1%)	25.0 (29.8%)
did diarrhoea treatment				0.3
No	59.0 (26.6%)	50.0 (25.4%)	9.0 (36.0%)
Yes	163.0 (73.4%)	147.0 (74.6%)	16.0 (64.0%)
Missing	496	437	59
place of diarrhoea treatment				0.6
COMMUNITY HLTH WORKER	26.0 (16.0%)	22.0 (15.0%)	4.0 (25.0%)
Government DISPENSARY	13.0 (8.0%)	12.0 (8.2%)	1.0 (6.2%)
Government HEALTH CENTRE	21.0 (12.9%)	20.0 (13.6%)	1.0 (6.2%)
Government HOSPITAL	57.0 (35.0%)	53.0 (36.1%)	4.0 (25.0%)
MISSION HOSP/CLINIC	5.0 (3.1%)	5.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
MOBILE CLINIC	3.0 (1.8%)	2.0 (1.4%)	1.0 (6.2%)
OTHER X (SPECIFY)	4.0 (2.5%)	4.0 (2.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
PHARMACY	18.0 (11.0%)	16.0 (10.9%)	2.0 (12.5%)
Private HOSPITAL/CLINIC	13.0 (8.0%)	10.0 (6.8%)	3.0 (18.8%)
RELATIVE / FRIEND	1.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
TRADITIONAL PRACTITIONER	2.0 (1.2%)	2.0 (1.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	555	487	68
diarrhoea treatment facilty				0.3
Budalangi Dispensary	4.0 (3.7%)	4.0 (4.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Bulwani Dispensary	9.0 (8.3%)	9.0 (9.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Busagwa Dispensary	7.0 (6.4%)	7.0 (7.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Khajula Dispensary	8.0 (7.3%)	8.0 (8.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Mukhobola Health Center	13.0 (11.9%)	12.0 (12.0%)	1.0 (11.1%)
Osieko Dispensary	8.0 (7.3%)	7.0 (7.0%)	1.0 (11.1%)
other (specify	15.0 (13.8%)	11.0 (11.0%)	4.0 (44.4%)
Port Victoria Hospital	19.0 (17.4%)	16.0 (16.0%)	3.0 (33.3%)
Rukala Heath Center	19.0 (17.4%)	19.0 (19.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Sirimba Dispensary	4.0 (3.7%)	4.0 (4.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Sisenye Dispensary	3.0 (2.8%)	3.0 (3.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	609	534	75
given ORS fluid				>0.9
Don't Know	6.0 (3.7%)	6.0 (4.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	49.0 (30.1%)	44.0 (29.9%)	5.0 (31.2%)
Yes	108.0 (66.3%)	97.0 (66.0%)	11.0 (68.8%)
Missing	555	487	68
given sugar-salt solution				0.8
Don't Know	9.0 (5.5%)	9.0 (6.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	120.0 (73.6%)	108.0 (73.5%)	12.0 (75.0%)
Yes	34.0 (20.9%)	30.0 (20.4%)	4.0 (25.0%)
Missing	555	487	68
1n (%)
2Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test

14 Child Immunization

14.1 Location

Child Immunization \| Location
last born pentavalent vaccination								0.037
Don't Know	8.0 (2.3%)	2.0 (3.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.6%)	1.0 (2.4%)	4.0 (7.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	12.0 (3.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (4.8%)	3.0 (4.8%)	4.0 (9.5%)	1.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Yes	330.0 (94.3%)	58.0 (96.7%)	79.0 (95.2%)	59.0 (93.7%)	37.0 (88.1%)	52.0 (91.2%)	45.0 (100.0%)
BCG at birth								<0.001
Don’t Know	13.0 (3.7%)	2.0 (3.3%)	2.0 (2.4%)	1.0 (1.6%)	1.0 (2.4%)	6.0 (10.5%)	1.0 (2.2%)
YES recorded on card	292.0 (83.4%)	57.0 (95.0%)	72.0 (86.7%)	55.0 (87.3%)	31.0 (73.8%)	35.0 (61.4%)	42.0 (93.3%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	45.0 (12.9%)	1.0 (1.7%)	9.0 (10.8%)	7.0 (11.1%)	10.0 (23.8%)	16.0 (28.1%)	2.0 (4.4%)
Polio at birth								<0.001
Don’t Know	13.0 (3.7%)	2.0 (3.3%)	2.0 (2.4%)	1.0 (1.6%)	1.0 (2.4%)	6.0 (10.5%)	1.0 (2.2%)
NO	3.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (2.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)
YES recorded on card	293.0 (83.7%)	57.0 (95.0%)	74.0 (89.2%)	55.0 (87.3%)	31.0 (73.8%)	34.0 (59.6%)	42.0 (93.3%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	41.0 (11.7%)	1.0 (1.7%)	5.0 (6.0%)	7.0 (11.1%)	10.0 (23.8%)	16.0 (28.1%)	2.0 (4.4%)
OPV1								<0.001
Don’t Know	21.0 (6.0%)	4.0 (6.7%)	7.0 (8.4%)	1.0 (1.6%)	2.0 (4.8%)	6.0 (10.5%)	1.0 (2.2%)
NO	11.0 (3.1%)	2.0 (3.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (3.2%)	4.0 (9.5%)	1.0 (1.8%)	2.0 (4.4%)
YES recorded on card	275.0 (78.6%)	53.0 (88.3%)	67.0 (80.7%)	53.0 (84.1%)	27.0 (64.3%)	34.0 (59.6%)	41.0 (91.1%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	43.0 (12.3%)	1.0 (1.7%)	9.0 (10.8%)	7.0 (11.1%)	9.0 (21.4%)	16.0 (28.1%)	1.0 (2.2%)
OPV2								<0.001
Don’t Know	24.0 (6.9%)	4.0 (6.7%)	8.0 (9.6%)	1.0 (1.6%)	3.0 (7.1%)	6.0 (10.5%)	2.0 (4.4%)
NO	16.0 (4.6%)	4.0 (6.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (4.8%)	4.0 (9.5%)	3.0 (5.3%)	2.0 (4.4%)
YES recorded on card	267.0 (76.3%)	51.0 (85.0%)	66.0 (79.5%)	52.0 (82.5%)	26.0 (61.9%)	32.0 (56.1%)	40.0 (88.9%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	43.0 (12.3%)	1.0 (1.7%)	9.0 (10.8%)	7.0 (11.1%)	9.0 (21.4%)	16.0 (28.1%)	1.0 (2.2%)
OPV3								<0.001
Don’t Know	29.0 (8.3%)	10.0 (16.7%)	6.0 (7.2%)	1.0 (1.6%)	4.0 (9.5%)	6.0 (10.5%)	2.0 (4.4%)
NO	27.0 (7.7%)	6.0 (10.0%)	1.0 (1.2%)	9.0 (14.3%)	5.0 (11.9%)	4.0 (7.0%)	2.0 (4.4%)
YES recorded on card	250.0 (71.4%)	43.0 (71.7%)	65.0 (78.3%)	46.0 (73.0%)	25.0 (59.5%)	31.0 (54.4%)	40.0 (88.9%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	44.0 (12.6%)	1.0 (1.7%)	11.0 (13.3%)	7.0 (11.1%)	8.0 (19.0%)	16.0 (28.1%)	1.0 (2.2%)
DPT_Hepatitis_HIB 1st dose								<0.001
Don’t Know	25.0 (7.1%)	4.0 (6.7%)	8.0 (9.6%)	1.0 (1.6%)	4.0 (9.5%)	6.0 (10.5%)	2.0 (4.4%)
NO	16.0 (4.6%)	1.0 (1.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (4.8%)	5.0 (11.9%)	2.0 (3.5%)	5.0 (11.1%)
YES recorded on card	267.0 (76.3%)	54.0 (90.0%)	67.0 (80.7%)	52.0 (82.5%)	25.0 (59.5%)	33.0 (57.9%)	36.0 (80.0%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	42.0 (12.0%)	1.0 (1.7%)	8.0 (9.6%)	7.0 (11.1%)	8.0 (19.0%)	16.0 (28.1%)	2.0 (4.4%)
DPT_Hepatitis_HIB 2nd dose								<0.001
Don’t Know	25.0 (7.1%)	4.0 (6.7%)	7.0 (8.4%)	1.0 (1.6%)	4.0 (9.5%)	6.0 (10.5%)	3.0 (6.7%)
NO	23.0 (6.6%)	3.0 (5.0%)	1.0 (1.2%)	4.0 (6.3%)	6.0 (14.3%)	3.0 (5.3%)	6.0 (13.3%)
YES recorded on card	260.0 (74.3%)	52.0 (86.7%)	67.0 (80.7%)	51.0 (81.0%)	24.0 (57.1%)	32.0 (56.1%)	34.0 (75.6%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	42.0 (12.0%)	1.0 (1.7%)	8.0 (9.6%)	7.0 (11.1%)	8.0 (19.0%)	16.0 (28.1%)	2.0 (4.4%)
DPT_Hepatitis_HIB 3rd dose								<0.001
Don’t Know	25.0 (7.1%)	4.0 (6.7%)	7.0 (8.4%)	1.0 (1.6%)	4.0 (9.5%)	6.0 (10.5%)	3.0 (6.7%)
NO	34.0 (9.7%)	4.0 (6.7%)	1.0 (1.2%)	11.0 (17.5%)	7.0 (16.7%)	4.0 (7.0%)	7.0 (15.6%)
YES recorded on card	249.0 (71.1%)	51.0 (85.0%)	66.0 (79.5%)	44.0 (69.8%)	23.0 (54.8%)	31.0 (54.4%)	34.0 (75.6%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	42.0 (12.0%)	1.0 (1.7%)	9.0 (10.8%)	7.0 (11.1%)	8.0 (19.0%)	16.0 (28.1%)	1.0 (2.2%)
Pneumococcal vaccine 1								<0.001
Don’t Know	27.0 (7.7%)	6.0 (10.0%)	9.0 (10.8%)	1.0 (1.6%)	3.0 (7.1%)	6.0 (10.5%)	2.0 (4.4%)
NO	19.0 (5.4%)	1.0 (1.7%)	1.0 (1.2%)	3.0 (4.8%)	7.0 (16.7%)	1.0 (1.8%)	6.0 (13.3%)
YES recorded on card	263.0 (75.1%)	52.0 (86.7%)	67.0 (80.7%)	52.0 (82.5%)	23.0 (54.8%)	34.0 (59.6%)	35.0 (77.8%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	41.0 (11.7%)	1.0 (1.7%)	6.0 (7.2%)	7.0 (11.1%)	9.0 (21.4%)	16.0 (28.1%)	2.0 (4.4%)
Pneumococcal vaccine 2								<0.001
Don’t Know	27.0 (7.7%)	6.0 (10.0%)	9.0 (10.8%)	1.0 (1.6%)	3.0 (7.1%)	6.0 (10.5%)	2.0 (4.4%)
NO	24.0 (6.9%)	3.0 (5.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (7.9%)	7.0 (16.7%)	3.0 (5.3%)	6.0 (13.3%)
YES recorded on card	258.0 (73.7%)	50.0 (83.3%)	67.0 (80.7%)	50.0 (79.4%)	23.0 (54.8%)	32.0 (56.1%)	36.0 (80.0%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	41.0 (11.7%)	1.0 (1.7%)	7.0 (8.4%)	7.0 (11.1%)	9.0 (21.4%)	16.0 (28.1%)	1.0 (2.2%)
Pneumococcal vaccine 3								<0.001
Don’t Know	29.0 (8.3%)	6.0 (10.0%)	10.0 (12.0%)	1.0 (1.6%)	4.0 (9.5%)	6.0 (10.5%)	2.0 (4.4%)
NO	35.0 (10.0%)	3.0 (5.0%)	1.0 (1.2%)	12.0 (19.0%)	8.0 (19.0%)	4.0 (7.0%)	7.0 (15.6%)
YES recorded on card	246.0 (70.3%)	50.0 (83.3%)	66.0 (79.5%)	43.0 (68.3%)	22.0 (52.4%)	31.0 (54.4%)	34.0 (75.6%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	40.0 (11.4%)	1.0 (1.7%)	6.0 (7.2%)	7.0 (11.1%)	8.0 (19.0%)	16.0 (28.1%)	2.0 (4.4%)
Measles								<0.001
Don’t Know	27.0 (7.7%)	6.0 (10.0%)	8.0 (9.6%)	1.0 (1.6%)	5.0 (11.9%)	6.0 (10.5%)	1.0 (2.2%)
NO	80.0 (22.9%)	8.0 (13.3%)	11.0 (13.3%)	23.0 (36.5%)	16.0 (38.1%)	13.0 (22.8%)	9.0 (20.0%)
YES recorded on card	209.0 (59.7%)	45.0 (75.0%)	59.0 (71.1%)	33.0 (52.4%)	12.0 (28.6%)	26.0 (45.6%)	34.0 (75.6%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	34.0 (9.7%)	1.0 (1.7%)	5.0 (6.0%)	6.0 (9.5%)	9.0 (21.4%)	12.0 (21.1%)	1.0 (2.2%)
1n (%)
2Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

14.2 Health Insurance

Child Immunization \| have health insurance
last born pentavalent vaccination				0.10
Don't Know	8.0 (2.3%)	7.0 (2.2%)	1.0 (2.8%)
No	12.0 (3.4%)	9.0 (2.9%)	3.0 (8.3%)
Yes	330.0 (94.3%)	298.0 (94.9%)	32.0 (88.9%)
BCG at birth				0.3
Don’t Know	13.0 (3.7%)	11.0 (3.5%)	2.0 (5.6%)
YES recorded on card	292.0 (83.4%)	260.0 (82.8%)	32.0 (88.9%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	45.0 (12.9%)	43.0 (13.7%)	2.0 (5.6%)
Polio at birth				0.5
Don’t Know	13.0 (3.7%)	11.0 (3.5%)	2.0 (5.6%)
NO	3.0 (0.9%)	3.0 (1.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
YES recorded on card	293.0 (83.7%)	261.0 (83.1%)	32.0 (88.9%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	41.0 (11.7%)	39.0 (12.4%)	2.0 (5.6%)
OPV1				0.11
Don’t Know	21.0 (6.0%)	18.0 (5.7%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	11.0 (3.1%)	8.0 (2.5%)	3.0 (8.3%)
YES recorded on card	275.0 (78.6%)	247.0 (78.7%)	28.0 (77.8%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	43.0 (12.3%)	41.0 (13.1%)	2.0 (5.6%)
OPV2				0.3
Don’t Know	24.0 (6.9%)	21.0 (6.7%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	16.0 (4.6%)	13.0 (4.1%)	3.0 (8.3%)
YES recorded on card	267.0 (76.3%)	239.0 (76.1%)	28.0 (77.8%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	43.0 (12.3%)	41.0 (13.1%)	2.0 (5.6%)
OPV3				0.5
Don’t Know	29.0 (8.3%)	25.0 (8.0%)	4.0 (11.1%)
NO	27.0 (7.7%)	24.0 (7.6%)	3.0 (8.3%)
YES recorded on card	250.0 (71.4%)	223.0 (71.0%)	27.0 (75.0%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	44.0 (12.6%)	42.0 (13.4%)	2.0 (5.6%)
DPT_Hepatitis_HIB 1st dose				0.4
Don’t Know	25.0 (7.1%)	22.0 (7.0%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	16.0 (4.6%)	13.0 (4.1%)	3.0 (8.3%)
YES recorded on card	267.0 (76.3%)	239.0 (76.1%)	28.0 (77.8%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	42.0 (12.0%)	40.0 (12.7%)	2.0 (5.6%)
DPT_Hepatitis_HIB 2nd dose				0.6
Don’t Know	25.0 (7.1%)	22.0 (7.0%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	23.0 (6.6%)	20.0 (6.4%)	3.0 (8.3%)
YES recorded on card	260.0 (74.3%)	232.0 (73.9%)	28.0 (77.8%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	42.0 (12.0%)	40.0 (12.7%)	2.0 (5.6%)
DPT_Hepatitis_HIB 3rd dose				0.6
Don’t Know	25.0 (7.1%)	22.0 (7.0%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	34.0 (9.7%)	30.0 (9.6%)	4.0 (11.1%)
YES recorded on card	249.0 (71.1%)	222.0 (70.7%)	27.0 (75.0%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	42.0 (12.0%)	40.0 (12.7%)	2.0 (5.6%)
Pneumococcal vaccine 1				0.6
Don’t Know	27.0 (7.7%)	24.0 (7.6%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	19.0 (5.4%)	16.0 (5.1%)	3.0 (8.3%)
YES recorded on card	263.0 (75.1%)	235.0 (74.8%)	28.0 (77.8%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	41.0 (11.7%)	39.0 (12.4%)	2.0 (5.6%)
Pneumococcal vaccine 2				0.7
Don’t Know	27.0 (7.7%)	24.0 (7.6%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	24.0 (6.9%)	21.0 (6.7%)	3.0 (8.3%)
YES recorded on card	258.0 (73.7%)	230.0 (73.2%)	28.0 (77.8%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	41.0 (11.7%)	39.0 (12.4%)	2.0 (5.6%)
Pneumococcal vaccine 3				0.7
Don’t Know	29.0 (8.3%)	26.0 (8.3%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	35.0 (10.0%)	32.0 (10.2%)	3.0 (8.3%)
YES recorded on card	246.0 (70.3%)	218.0 (69.4%)	28.0 (77.8%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	40.0 (11.4%)	38.0 (12.1%)	2.0 (5.6%)
Measles				0.8
Don’t Know	27.0 (7.7%)	24.0 (7.6%)	3.0 (8.3%)
NO	80.0 (22.9%)	70.0 (22.3%)	10.0 (27.8%)
YES recorded on card	209.0 (59.7%)	188.0 (59.9%)	21.0 (58.3%)
YES reported, but not on card /no card	34.0 (9.7%)	32.0 (10.2%)	2.0 (5.6%)
1n (%)
2Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates)

15 Child - ARI

15.1 Location

Child - ARI \| Location
under 5 cough illness								<0.001
Don't Know	5.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (4.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	377.0 (47.2%)	51.0 (42.1%)	84.0 (56.0%)	74.0 (56.1%)	44.0 (39.3%)	69.0 (50.0%)	55.0 (37.7%)
Yes	417.0 (52.2%)	70.0 (57.9%)	66.0 (44.0%)	58.0 (43.9%)	63.0 (56.2%)	69.0 (50.0%)	91.0 (62.3%)
cough illness_ fever and breathe faster								0.13
Don't Know	2.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.1%)
No	130.0 (31.2%)	20.0 (28.6%)	17.0 (25.8%)	24.0 (41.4%)	21.0 (33.3%)	27.0 (39.1%)	21.0 (23.1%)
Yes	285.0 (68.3%)	50.0 (71.4%)	49.0 (74.2%)	33.0 (56.9%)	42.0 (66.7%)	42.0 (60.9%)	69.0 (75.8%)
Missing	382	51	84	74	49	69	55
cough illness _ seek treatment in facility								<0.001
No	136.0 (32.6%)	22.0 (31.4%)	25.0 (37.9%)	27.0 (46.6%)	19.0 (30.2%)	29.0 (42.0%)	14.0 (15.4%)
Yes	281.0 (67.4%)	48.0 (68.6%)	41.0 (62.1%)	31.0 (53.4%)	44.0 (69.8%)	40.0 (58.0%)	77.0 (84.6%)
Missing	382	51	84	74	49	69	55
take any drugs for cough illness								<0.001
Don't Know	3.0 (0.7%)	2.0 (2.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	66.0 (15.8%)	10.0 (14.3%)	23.0 (34.8%)	12.0 (20.7%)	10.0 (15.9%)	5.0 (7.2%)	6.0 (6.6%)
Yes	348.0 (83.5%)	58.0 (82.9%)	43.0 (65.2%)	46.0 (79.3%)	52.0 (82.5%)	64.0 (92.8%)	85.0 (93.4%)
Missing	382	51	84	74	49	69	55
1n (%)
2Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test

15.2 Health Insurance

Child - ARI \| have health insurance
under 5 cough illness				0.4
Don't Know	5.0 (0.6%)	5.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	377.0 (47.2%)	338.0 (47.9%)	39.0 (41.9%)
Yes	417.0 (52.2%)	363.0 (51.4%)	54.0 (58.1%)
cough illness_ fever and breathe faster				0.023
Don't Know	2.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (1.9%)
No	130.0 (31.2%)	106.0 (29.2%)	24.0 (44.4%)
Yes	285.0 (68.3%)	256.0 (70.5%)	29.0 (53.7%)
Missing	382	343	39
cough illness _ seek treatment in facility				>0.9
No	136.0 (32.6%)	118.0 (32.5%)	18.0 (33.3%)
Yes	281.0 (67.4%)	245.0 (67.5%)	36.0 (66.7%)
Missing	382	343	39
take any drugs for cough illness				0.4
Don't Know	3.0 (0.7%)	3.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)
No	66.0 (15.8%)	54.0 (14.9%)	12.0 (22.2%)
Yes	348.0 (83.5%)	306.0 (84.3%)	42.0 (77.8%)
Missing	382	343	39
1n (%)
2Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test

16 Health Insurance

16.1 Location

Health Insurance \| Location
health insurance								<0.001
Don't Know	540.0 (69.1%)	74.0 (60.2%)	131.0 (74.4%)	52.0 (58.4%)	73.0 (72.3%)	80.0 (65.0%)	130.0 (76.5%)
NHIF	221.0 (28.3%)	49.0 (39.8%)	42.0 (23.9%)	37.0 (41.6%)	14.0 (13.9%)	41.0 (33.3%)	38.0 (22.4%)
Other (specify)	16.0 (2.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	13.0 (12.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (1.2%)
Private insurance	5.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.0%)	2.0 (1.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	1,118	216	187	219	158	182	156
aware NHIF supacover benefits								<0.001
No	573.0 (48.3%)	108.0 (45.0%)	97.0 (57.1%)	105.0 (43.8%)	54.0 (56.2%)	120.0 (55.0%)	89.0 (39.9%)
Yes	614.0 (51.7%)	132.0 (55.0%)	73.0 (42.9%)	135.0 (56.2%)	42.0 (43.8%)	98.0 (45.0%)	134.0 (60.1%)
Missing	713	99	193	68	163	87	103
have NHIF supacover								0.13
No	1,009.0 (85.0%)	194.0 (80.8%)	147.0 (86.5%)	204.0 (85.0%)	78.0 (81.2%)	195.0 (89.4%)	191.0 (85.7%)
Yes	105.0 (8.8%)	26.0 (10.8%)	11.0 (6.5%)	20.0 (8.3%)	8.0 (8.3%)	17.0 (7.8%)	23.0 (10.3%)
Yes but Not Active	73.0 (6.1%)	20.0 (8.3%)	12.0 (7.1%)	16.0 (6.7%)	10.0 (10.4%)	6.0 (2.8%)	9.0 (4.0%)
Missing	713	99	193	68	163	87	103
reasons not covered by NHIF								<0.001
I am rarely sick	24.0 (4.7%)	2.0 (2.5%)	3.0 (3.8%)	3.0 (3.3%)	4.0 (8.5%)	8.0 (9.2%)	4.0 (3.2%)
I can’t get the healthcare I need at the local facility	11.0 (2.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (3.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (10.6%)	2.0 (2.3%)	1.0 (0.8%)
Money is not returned if I don’t fall sick	1.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.8%)
NHIF registration processes are complicated	51.0 (10.0%)	9.0 (11.1%)	1.0 (1.2%)	24.0 (26.4%)	5.0 (10.6%)	5.0 (5.7%)	7.0 (5.6%)
Religious reasons. My religion forbids enrollment to a health insurance scheme	1.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
The premiums are too expensive	402.0 (78.8%)	70.0 (86.4%)	66.0 (82.5%)	58.0 (63.7%)	27.0 (57.4%)	70.0 (80.5%)	111.0 (89.5%)
The services at my local health facility are poor quality	2.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (4.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
There are no drugs at the public health facilities	18.0 (3.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	7.0 (8.8%)	5.0 (5.5%)	4.0 (8.5%)	2.0 (2.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	1,390	258	283	217	212	218	202
reasons for active NHIF								0.044
Because I have a chronic condition	7.0 (6.7%)	3.0 (11.5%)	2.0 (18.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (5.9%)	1.0 (4.3%)
I can access prevention services	2.0 (1.9%)	2.0 (7.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
It was provided for free	1.0 (1.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (5.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
To cover for costs of hospitalization	24.0 (22.9%)	4.0 (15.4%)	1.0 (9.1%)	2.0 (10.0%)	6.0 (75.0%)	5.0 (29.4%)	6.0 (26.1%)
To protect from high costs of healthcare	71.0 (67.6%)	17.0 (65.4%)	8.0 (72.7%)	17.0 (85.0%)	2.0 (25.0%)	11.0 (64.7%)	16.0 (69.6%)
Missing	1,795	313	352	288	251	288	303
mode of NHIF complaint								0.067
Don't Know/Not sure	56.0 (30.6%)	19.0 (41.3%)	5.0 (20.8%)	4.0 (11.1%)	7.0 (38.9%)	7.0 (30.4%)	14.0 (38.9%)
email	3.0 (1.6%)	1.0 (2.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (5.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Go to their office (facility office or NHIF branch	74.0 (40.4%)	13.0 (28.3%)	9.0 (37.5%)	17.0 (47.2%)	7.0 (38.9%)	11.0 (47.8%)	17.0 (47.2%)
phone (let the respondent give you a number)	50.0 (27.3%)	13.0 (28.3%)	10.0 (41.7%)	13.0 (36.1%)	4.0 (22.2%)	5.0 (21.7%)	5.0 (13.9%)
Missing	1,717	293	339	272	241	282	290
aware of NHIF financial performance								<0.001
No	130.0 (71.0%)	33.0 (71.7%)	18.0 (75.0%)	15.0 (41.7%)	17.0 (94.4%)	20.0 (87.0%)	27.0 (75.0%)
Yes	53.0 (29.0%)	13.0 (28.3%)	6.0 (25.0%)	21.0 (58.3%)	1.0 (5.6%)	3.0 (13.0%)	9.0 (25.0%)
Missing	1,717	293	339	272	241	282	290
1n (%)
2Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test

16.2 Health Insurance

Health Insurance \| have health insurance
health insurance				<0.001
Don't Know	540.0 (69.1%)	540.0 (96.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)
NHIF	221.0 (28.3%)	4.0 (0.7%)	217.0 (96.9%)
Other (specify)	16.0 (2.0%)	14.0 (2.5%)	2.0 (0.9%)
Private insurance	5.0 (0.6%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (2.2%)
Missing	1,118	1,118	0
aware NHIF supacover benefits				<0.001
No	573.0 (48.3%)	528.0 (52.5%)	45.0 (24.7%)
Yes	614.0 (51.7%)	477.0 (47.5%)	137.0 (75.3%)
Missing	713	671	42
have NHIF supacover				<0.001
No	1,009.0 (85.0%)	956.0 (95.1%)	53.0 (29.1%)
Yes	105.0 (8.8%)	17.0 (1.7%)	88.0 (48.4%)
Yes but Not Active	73.0 (6.1%)	32.0 (3.2%)	41.0 (22.5%)
Missing	713	671	42
reasons not covered by NHIF				0.004
I am rarely sick	24.0 (4.7%)	21.0 (4.7%)	3.0 (4.5%)
I can’t get the healthcare I need at the local facility	11.0 (2.2%)	7.0 (1.6%)	4.0 (6.1%)
Money is not returned if I don’t fall sick	1.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.5%)
NHIF registration processes are complicated	51.0 (10.0%)	49.0 (11.0%)	2.0 (3.0%)
Religious reasons. My religion forbids enrollment to a health insurance scheme	1.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (1.5%)
The premiums are too expensive	402.0 (78.8%)	351.0 (79.1%)	51.0 (77.3%)
The services at my local health facility are poor quality	2.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (1.5%)
There are no drugs at the public health facilities	18.0 (3.5%)	15.0 (3.4%)	3.0 (4.5%)
Missing	1,390	1,232	158
reasons for active NHIF				0.071
Because I have a chronic condition	7.0 (6.7%)	1.0 (5.9%)	6.0 (6.8%)
I can access prevention services	2.0 (1.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (2.3%)
It was provided for free	1.0 (1.0%)	1.0 (5.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)
To cover for costs of hospitalization	24.0 (22.9%)	7.0 (41.2%)	17.0 (19.3%)
To protect from high costs of healthcare	71.0 (67.6%)	8.0 (47.1%)	63.0 (71.6%)
Missing	1,795	1,659	136
mode of NHIF complaint				0.11
Don't Know/Not sure	56.0 (30.6%)	21.0 (38.9%)	35.0 (27.1%)
email	3.0 (1.6%)	1.0 (1.9%)	2.0 (1.6%)
Go to their office (facility office or NHIF branch	74.0 (40.4%)	15.0 (27.8%)	59.0 (45.7%)
phone (let the respondent give you a number)	50.0 (27.3%)	17.0 (31.5%)	33.0 (25.6%)
Missing	1,717	1,622	95
aware of NHIF financial performance				0.006
No	130.0 (71.0%)	46.0 (85.2%)	84.0 (65.1%)
Yes	53.0 (29.0%)	8.0 (14.8%)	45.0 (34.9%)
Missing	1,717	1,622	95
1n (%)
2Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test

17 Household Expenditure | Weekly

17.1 Location

Household Expenditure \| Weekly \| Location
last7days_expenditure_ Oil and fats	1,405.4 (3,234.6)	576.2 (1,926.6)	1,684.6 (3,559.7)	1,458.9 (3,274.7)	221.8 (637.7)	2,163.5 (3,942.5)	2,137.3 (3,895.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Cereals	4,291.4 (114,803.7)	863.2 (1,965.4)	1,797.1 (3,456.9)	1,798.0 (3,311.2)	19,783.3 (310,733.9)	2,385.2 (4,017.7)	2,449.7 (3,723.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Livestock produce	1,323.6 (3,273.9)	457.1 (1,915.3)	1,530.3 (3,508.6)	1,326.9 (3,274.9)	119.9 (644.3)	2,071.8 (3,973.0)	2,247.5 (4,063.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Fish	1,474.6 (3,174.1)	705.7 (2,026.0)	1,556.0 (3,352.6)	1,463.3 (3,145.9)	316.2 (731.2)	2,246.5 (3,941.8)	2,392.2 (3,830.6)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Meat	1,301.7 (3,233.1)	473.0 (1,911.0)	1,474.9 (3,437.7)	1,174.3 (3,079.4)	131.7 (665.7)	2,107.0 (3,997.2)	2,266.2 (4,056.9)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Sugar_beverage	1,362.4 (3,204.3)	542.6 (1,899.2)	1,744.2 (3,643.2)	1,258.1 (3,048.3)	214.9 (626.5)	2,141.2 (3,942.6)	2,070.8 (3,850.7)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Bread	1,259.7 (3,224.3)	443.2 (1,914.2)	1,461.2 (3,458.2)	1,126.4 (3,091.2)	123.6 (637.3)	2,073.0 (4,011.2)	2,151.0 (4,000.7)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Spices	1,282.8 (3,255.7)	495.7 (2,049.9)	1,594.1 (3,595.4)	1,157.2 (3,080.9)	101.4 (658.9)	2,080.3 (4,007.4)	2,064.8 (3,966.6)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Vegetables	1,343.6 (3,254.6)	544.8 (1,970.6)	1,762.3 (3,696.0)	1,154.9 (3,030.0)	95.7 (624.5)	2,093.6 (3,961.7)	2,174.8 (3,951.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Fruits	1,245.9 (4,479.3)	361.1 (1,769.5)	1,157.2 (3,160.2)	1,038.6 (3,014.2)	75.0 (623.2)	2,355.9 (6,884.3)	2,351.2 (6,725.3)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Roots	1,172.9 (3,141.0)	371.3 (1,686.5)	1,126.9 (3,127.2)	1,096.8 (3,049.2)	78.5 (632.7)	2,071.6 (4,011.6)	2,157.5 (4,034.4)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Soft drinks	1,167.7 (3,850.2)	265.8 (1,518.3)	1,248.4 (3,296.5)	997.5 (2,973.3)	76.4 (628.9)	2,309.9 (6,875.8)	1,974.0 (3,935.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_alcohol	956.1 (2,882.8)	328.1 (1,616.0)	937.8 (2,917.0)	939.0 (2,843.9)	72.9 (679.3)	1,860.1 (3,869.1)	1,501.4 (3,501.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_detergents	1,321.3 (3,209.4)	544.6 (1,967.7)	1,668.4 (3,601.3)	1,168.4 (3,024.7)	174.9 (621.5)	2,101.6 (3,958.2)	2,066.8 (3,890.9)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_expenditure_Meals	1,199.6 (3,792.4)	330.3 (1,606.6)	1,063.2 (2,973.1)	1,033.9 (2,964.1)	119.1 (639.6)	2,607.2 (6,832.5)	1,952.2 (3,871.3)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
last7days_total_food_expenditure	2,217.7 (2,963.1)	2,283.3 (2,779.5)	1,142.5 (1,941.1)	3,898.0 (3,823.7)	1,669.9 (1,628.7)	1,917.4 (2,539.5)	2,485.6 (3,578.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
1Mean (SD)
2Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test

17.2 Health Insurance

Household Expenditure \| Weekly \| have health insurance
last7days_expenditure_ Oil and fats	1,405.4 (3,234.6)	1,312.0 (3,130.9)	2,103.0 (3,861.4)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Cereals	4,291.4 (114,803.7)	4,551.6 (122,237.8)	2,347.0 (3,770.1)	0.005
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Livestock produce	1,323.6 (3,273.9)	1,222.8 (3,171.8)	2,076.2 (3,880.3)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Fish	1,474.6 (3,174.1)	1,362.9 (3,066.5)	2,309.2 (3,789.9)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Meat	1,301.7 (3,233.1)	1,202.9 (3,130.9)	2,039.9 (3,842.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Sugar_beverage	1,362.4 (3,204.3)	1,270.6 (3,100.5)	2,048.2 (3,832.6)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Bread	1,259.7 (3,224.3)	1,168.7 (3,125.1)	1,939.2 (3,826.7)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Spices	1,282.8 (3,255.7)	1,187.8 (3,146.7)	1,992.2 (3,912.8)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Vegetables	1,343.6 (3,254.6)	1,253.9 (3,157.4)	2,013.7 (3,847.8)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Fruits	1,245.9 (4,479.3)	1,106.8 (3,862.3)	2,285.1 (7,585.6)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Roots	1,172.9 (3,141.0)	1,095.8 (3,045.2)	1,748.4 (3,738.8)	0.015
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Soft drinks	1,167.7 (3,850.2)	1,073.6 (3,840.7)	1,871.4 (3,857.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_alcohol	956.1 (2,882.8)	849.5 (2,730.3)	1,752.7 (3,748.3)	0.008
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_detergents	1,321.3 (3,209.4)	1,229.3 (3,103.7)	2,009.3 (3,848.7)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_expenditure_Meals	1,199.6 (3,792.4)	1,109.8 (3,789.0)	1,870.2 (3,758.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
last7days_total_food_expenditure	2,217.7 (2,963.1)	2,141.5 (2,918.8)	2,787.2 (3,225.4)	0.002
Missing	2	2	0
1Mean (SD)
2Wilcoxon rank sum test

18 Household Expenditure | Monthly

18.1 Location

Household Expenditure \| Monthly \| Location
monthly_expenditure_Cosmetics	1,019.3 (2,806.3)	320.7 (1,314.4)	1,440.2 (3,352.0)	875.1 (2,611.7)	125.9 (143.5)	1,985.3 (3,853.8)	1,218.4 (3,011.3)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Soap and detergent	1,230.0 (2,754.8)	536.3 (1,307.1)	1,900.3 (3,578.8)	985.6 (2,367.3)	374.7 (377.9)	2,167.1 (3,773.2)	1,237.0 (2,664.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Hair dressing_barber	863.9 (2,441.4)	314.1 (1,102.9)	1,230.5 (3,073.2)	767.6 (2,278.5)	180.8 (348.6)	1,520.8 (3,318.8)	1,046.1 (2,539.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Rent	382.6 (1,667.8)	65.8 (590.0)	917.5 (2,767.2)	386.4 (1,793.1)	52.8 (288.1)	449.2 (1,432.6)	312.6 (1,349.6)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Electricity	547.1 (1,892.1)	396.8 (1,366.2)	930.2 (2,709.3)	752.6 (2,343.9)	68.9 (273.0)	464.6 (1,610.2)	541.1 (1,649.9)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Water	434.8 (1,809.9)	50.1 (550.6)	804.0 (2,630.1)	911.3 (2,510.4)	61.4 (176.7)	488.3 (1,770.7)	223.4 (1,245.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Kerosene_paraffin	445.2 (1,929.1)	130.4 (768.7)	1,194.7 (3,190.3)	446.2 (1,937.8)	41.4 (120.6)	335.4 (1,691.6)	360.6 (1,636.6)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Telephone Airtime	1,520.7 (3,196.1)	714.5 (1,951.9)	2,248.2 (3,975.4)	1,606.8 (3,312.9)	415.8 (1,041.3)	1,592.2 (3,262.8)	2,279.0 (3,756.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Transport	1,304.0 (2,926.1)	537.6 (1,210.5)	1,751.2 (3,502.5)	1,593.6 (3,328.6)	393.4 (711.5)	924.0 (2,514.1)	2,410.4 (3,890.8)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Charcoal	747.0 (2,153.8)	222.8 (772.7)	1,019.1 (2,869.0)	742.0 (2,300.8)	311.3 (829.3)	851.6 (1,766.3)	1,242.1 (2,842.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Fire wood	533.7 (2,008.5)	132.7 (604.0)	888.9 (2,790.7)	773.5 (2,478.8)	137.1 (344.6)	319.8 (1,447.1)	845.3 (2,458.4)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Cooking gas	403.0 (1,641.9)	162.0 (648.2)	927.5 (2,746.7)	529.5 (1,957.3)	48.5 (221.3)	301.5 (950.8)	327.3 (1,384.7)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Salary	451.0 (3,304.4)	669.0 (5,816.7)	718.3 (2,389.9)	678.4 (4,408.9)	97.1 (681.6)	186.9 (1,132.4)	241.7 (1,410.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Remittances	453.2 (1,878.4)	157.4 (946.7)	1,255.8 (3,102.1)	573.8 (2,154.8)	77.0 (302.8)	73.1 (809.2)	408.3 (1,681.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Sanitary towels	410.6 (1,789.4)	324.1 (1,437.3)	782.8 (2,617.5)	477.0 (1,955.4)	72.4 (121.5)	282.4 (1,496.3)	412.6 (1,715.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
monthly_expenditure_Others	364.3 (1,818.0)	195.4 (1,294.3)	1,431.4 (3,463.9)	230.1 (1,402.0)	26.4 (345.0)	3.9 (68.7)	83.2 (794.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
total_monthly_expenditure	11,110.4 (25,906.8)	4,929.8 (10,871.4)	19,440.5 (41,532.4)	12,329.5 (29,619.9)	2,484.9 (3,085.2)	11,945.9 (20,175.6)	13,189.1 (21,877.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
total_annual_expenditure	31,478.2 (61,429.9)	31,331.9 (67,991.5)	23,529.4 (39,512.4)	33,853.8 (66,649.7)	22,832.9 (42,009.8)	34,093.4 (56,578.3)	42,673.0 (81,535.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
1Mean (SD)
2Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test

18.2 Health Insurance

Household Expenditure \| Monthly \| have health insurance
monthly_expenditure_Cosmetics	1,019.3 (2,806.3)	940.2 (2,701.3)	1,610.4 (3,442.8)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Soap and detergent	1,230.0 (2,754.8)	1,140.2 (2,646.7)	1,900.6 (3,390.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Hair dressing_barber	863.9 (2,441.4)	791.7 (2,339.3)	1,403.7 (3,052.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Rent	382.6 (1,667.8)	320.1 (1,553.0)	849.7 (2,306.3)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Electricity	547.1 (1,892.1)	507.9 (1,838.6)	840.2 (2,234.9)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Water	434.8 (1,809.9)	409.0 (1,757.1)	628.0 (2,159.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Kerosene_paraffin	445.2 (1,929.1)	409.4 (1,838.0)	712.7 (2,496.2)	0.030
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Telephone Airtime	1,520.7 (3,196.1)	1,437.1 (3,147.3)	2,145.1 (3,483.7)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Transport	1,304.0 (2,926.1)	1,217.2 (2,803.8)	1,952.8 (3,657.8)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Charcoal	747.0 (2,153.8)	692.7 (2,095.3)	1,152.3 (2,517.9)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Fire wood	533.7 (2,008.5)	509.3 (1,956.8)	716.2 (2,356.1)	>0.9
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Cooking gas	403.0 (1,641.9)	357.7 (1,601.3)	741.5 (1,888.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Salary	451.0 (3,304.4)	304.0 (1,565.8)	1,550.0 (8,551.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Remittances	453.2 (1,878.4)	431.4 (1,841.7)	616.2 (2,130.3)	0.091
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Sanitary towels	410.6 (1,789.4)	411.8 (1,797.2)	401.7 (1,734.0)	0.10
Missing	2	2	0
monthly_expenditure_Others	364.3 (1,818.0)	359.5 (1,780.6)	400.0 (2,080.2)	0.3
Missing	2	2	0
total_monthly_expenditure	11,110.4 (25,906.8)	10,239.2 (25,316.4)	17,621.2 (29,202.2)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
total_annual_expenditure	31,478.2 (61,429.9)	27,504.6 (49,277.0)	61,173.6 (113,489.2)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
1Mean (SD)
2Wilcoxon rank sum test

19 Household Expenditure | Yearly

19.1 Location

Household Expenditure \| Yearly \| Location
yearly_expenditure Education	20,278.9 (39,673.3)	21,110.4 (44,228.3)	13,582.3 (25,457.1)	21,785.6 (43,209.0)	17,178.6 (39,425.2)	26,934.5 (49,667.4)	21,692.6 (32,144.1)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
yearly_expenditure Maintenance repairs	1,676.4 (13,353.4)	1,122.4 (5,620.5)	2,248.6 (15,100.1)	3,017.6 (25,086.9)	1,343.4 (9,864.9)	674.2 (6,116.0)	1,558.7 (6,905.7)	0.044
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
yearly_expenditure Clothing and footwear	3,482.7 (5,195.9)	2,681.1 (4,268.3)	3,405.8 (4,485.6)	3,202.1 (4,837.8)	3,005.6 (3,688.0)	3,783.6 (7,564.5)	4,762.8 (5,222.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
yearly_expenditure Wedding contributions	1,032.2 (5,342.2)	720.0 (5,408.6)	976.8 (2,787.1)	351.7 (2,168.4)	481.2 (1,789.3)	1,766.9 (8,273.9)	1,807.7 (7,390.8)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
yearly_expenditure Funerals contributions	1,741.5 (7,527.4)	1,252.6 (5,745.1)	1,348.9 (3,450.5)	1,671.0 (6,194.6)	752.6 (2,765.6)	905.0 (3,452.7)	4,321.5 (14,878.4)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
yearly_expenditure capital	2,937.9 (35,925.3)	4,309.7 (38,733.9)	654.5 (2,504.8)	3,758.2 (40,818.6)	69.5 (1,057.0)	29.2 (320.1)	8,284.3 (65,952.8)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
yearly_expenditure Others	328.6 (2,585.0)	135.7 (2,189.1)	1,312.5 (3,336.1)	67.6 (807.4)	1.9 (22.4)	0.0 (0.0)	245.4 (4,430.8)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
total_annual_expenditure	31,478.2 (61,429.9)	31,331.9 (67,991.5)	23,529.4 (39,512.4)	33,853.8 (66,649.7)	22,832.9 (42,009.8)	34,093.4 (56,578.3)	42,673.0 (81,535.0)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
1Mean (SD)
2Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test

19.2 Health Insurance

Household Expenditure \| Yearly \| have health insurance
yearly_expenditure Education	20,278.9 (39,673.3)	18,831.1 (38,092.5)	31,098.0 (48,682.3)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
yearly_expenditure Maintenance repairs	1,676.4 (13,353.4)	1,556.8 (13,386.7)	2,570.8 (13,096.4)	0.10
Missing	2	2	0
yearly_expenditure Clothing and footwear	3,482.7 (5,195.9)	3,278.2 (4,575.3)	5,010.8 (8,363.6)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
yearly_expenditure Wedding contributions	1,032.2 (5,342.2)	912.0 (4,900.0)	1,930.5 (7,856.4)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
yearly_expenditure Funerals contributions	1,741.5 (7,527.4)	1,636.4 (7,554.0)	2,526.9 (7,293.9)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
yearly_expenditure capital	2,937.9 (35,925.3)	1,025.2 (13,916.1)	17,232.1 (96,402.4)	0.074
Missing	2	2	0
yearly_expenditure Others	328.6 (2,585.0)	264.9 (1,577.5)	804.4 (6,157.5)	0.5
Missing	2	2	0
total_annual_expenditure	31,478.2 (61,429.9)	27,504.6 (49,277.0)	61,173.6 (113,489.2)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
1Mean (SD)
2Wilcoxon rank sum test

20 Household Condition

20.1 Location

Household Condition \| Yearly \| Location
num rooms home	2.5 (1.4)	2.8 (1.5)	2.6 (1.7)	2.6 (1.3)	2.2 (1.2)	2.4 (1.2)	2.5 (1.5)	<0.001
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
HH materials roof								<0.001
Grass/straw	183.0 (9.6%)	33.0 (9.7%)	13.0 (3.6%)	25.0 (8.2%)	55.0 (21.2%)	5.0 (1.6%)	52.0 (16.0%)
Iron sheet	1,698.0 (89.5%)	305.0 (90.0%)	348.0 (95.9%)	280.0 (91.5%)	198.0 (76.4%)	298.0 (97.7%)	269.0 (82.5%)
Other	10.0 (0.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (1.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	5.0 (1.5%)
Tiles	7.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.6%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.4%)	2.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
HH materials wall								<0.001
Block/ brick	227.0 (12.0%)	20.0 (5.9%)	36.0 (9.9%)	59.0 (19.3%)	30.0 (11.6%)	65.0 (21.3%)	17.0 (5.2%)
Iron sheet	16.0 (0.8%)	5.0 (1.5%)	1.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.7%)	1.0 (0.4%)	4.0 (1.3%)	3.0 (0.9%)
Mud	986.0 (51.9%)	250.0 (73.7%)	158.0 (43.5%)	85.0 (27.8%)	114.0 (44.0%)	150.0 (49.2%)	229.0 (70.2%)
Mud and cement	394.0 (20.8%)	58.0 (17.1%)	63.0 (17.4%)	82.0 (26.8%)	59.0 (22.8%)	62.0 (20.3%)	70.0 (21.5%)
Mud and twigs	212.0 (11.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	93.0 (25.6%)	74.0 (24.2%)	43.0 (16.6%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.3%)
Other	20.0 (1.1%)	1.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	9.0 (3.5%)	5.0 (1.6%)	5.0 (1.5%)
Raw bricks	41.0 (2.2%)	5.0 (1.5%)	12.0 (3.3%)	3.0 (1.0%)	2.0 (0.8%)	18.0 (5.9%)	1.0 (0.3%)
Wood	2.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
HH materials floor								<0.001
Cement	562.0 (29.6%)	73.0 (21.5%)	87.0 (24.0%)	110.0 (35.9%)	71.0 (27.4%)	155.0 (50.8%)	66.0 (20.2%)
Mud	1,099.0 (57.9%)	227.0 (67.0%)	242.0 (66.7%)	147.0 (48.0%)	139.0 (53.7%)	121.0 (39.7%)	223.0 (68.4%)
Mud and cement	165.0 (8.7%)	28.0 (8.3%)	26.0 (7.2%)	37.0 (12.1%)	39.0 (15.1%)	8.0 (2.6%)	27.0 (8.3%)
Other	5.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.8%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.3%)
Tiles	65.0 (3.4%)	10.0 (2.9%)	8.0 (2.2%)	11.0 (3.6%)	7.0 (2.7%)	20.0 (6.6%)	9.0 (2.8%)
Wood	2.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
water source location								<0.001
Elsewhere	1,512.0 (79.7%)	196.0 (57.8%)	299.0 (82.4%)	291.0 (95.1%)	219.0 (84.6%)	198.0 (64.9%)	309.0 (94.8%)
In own dwelling	94.0 (5.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)	15.0 (4.1%)	2.0 (0.7%)	5.0 (1.9%)	68.0 (22.3%)	3.0 (0.9%)
In own yard/plot	292.0 (15.4%)	142.0 (41.9%)	49.0 (13.5%)	13.0 (4.2%)	35.0 (13.5%)	39.0 (12.8%)	14.0 (4.3%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
water tank treatment								<0.001
Don't Know	9.0 (0.5%)	6.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.6%)
No	339.0 (17.9%)	58.0 (17.1%)	125.0 (34.4%)	41.0 (13.4%)	57.0 (22.0%)	28.0 (9.2%)	30.0 (9.2%)
Yes	1,550.0 (81.7%)	275.0 (81.1%)	238.0 (65.6%)	264.0 (86.3%)	202.0 (78.0%)	277.0 (90.8%)	294.0 (90.2%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
toilet_type								<0.001
Bucket latrine	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Flush or Pour flush toilet	27.0 (1.4%)	2.0 (0.6%)	7.0 (1.9%)	4.0 (1.3%)	1.0 (0.4%)	12.0 (3.9%)	1.0 (0.3%)
No facility/bush/field	87.0 (4.6%)	3.0 (0.9%)	18.0 (5.0%)	22.0 (7.2%)	18.0 (6.9%)	2.0 (0.7%)	24.0 (7.4%)
Other(Specify)	9.0 (0.5%)	3.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	6.0 (2.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Traditional pit latrine	1,532.0 (80.7%)	303.0 (89.4%)	275.0 (75.8%)	185.0 (60.5%)	218.0 (84.2%)	264.0 (86.6%)	287.0 (88.0%)
Ventilated improved pit latrine	242.0 (12.8%)	28.0 (8.3%)	63.0 (17.4%)	95.0 (31.0%)	21.0 (8.1%)	21.0 (6.9%)	14.0 (4.3%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
share toilet other HH								<0.001
No	603.0 (31.8%)	76.0 (22.4%)	188.0 (51.8%)	150.0 (49.0%)	49.0 (18.9%)	60.0 (19.7%)	80.0 (24.5%)
Yes	1,295.0 (68.2%)	263.0 (77.6%)	175.0 (48.2%)	156.0 (51.0%)	210.0 (81.1%)	245.0 (80.3%)	246.0 (75.5%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
water treatment-Boil	169.0 (11.3%)	26.0 (9.7%)	20.0 (8.8%)	39.0 (15.5%)	25.0 (12.8%)	27.0 (9.9%)	32.0 (11.3%)	0.2
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
water treatment-Add bleach/chlorine	1,365.0 (91.2%)	252.0 (94.4%)	207.0 (91.6%)	233.0 (92.5%)	188.0 (95.9%)	212.0 (77.9%)	273.0 (96.5%)	<0.001
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
water treatment-Strain through a cloth	84.0 (5.6%)	5.0 (1.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	23.0 (9.1%)	2.0 (1.0%)	15.0 (5.5%)	39.0 (13.8%)	<0.001
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
water treatment-Use water filter	9.0 (0.6%)	3.0 (1.1%)	2.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (1.5%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.11
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
water treatment-Solar disinfection	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
water treatment-Let it stand and settle	50.0 (3.3%)	18.0 (6.7%)	2.0 (0.9%)	2.0 (0.8%)	3.0 (1.5%)	3.0 (1.1%)	22.0 (7.8%)	<0.001
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
water treatment-Cover the water container	17.0 (1.1%)	7.0 (2.6%)	3.0 (1.3%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (1.5%)	3.0 (1.1%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.054
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
water treatment-Other	55.0 (3.7%)	1.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	48.0 (17.6%)	4.0 (1.4%)	<0.001
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
water treatment-Don't know	6.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (0.0%)	4.0 (1.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.011
Missing	404	72	137	56	63	33	43
1Mean (SD); n (%)
2Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test

20.2 Health Insurance

Household Condition \| have health insurance
num rooms home	2.5 (1.4)	2.5 (1.5)	3.0 (1.3)	<0.001
Missing	2	2	0
HH materials roof				0.003
Grass/straw	183.0 (9.6%)	175.0 (10.5%)	8.0 (3.6%)
Iron sheet	1,698.0 (89.5%)	1,485.0 (88.7%)	213.0 (95.1%)
Other	10.0 (0.5%)	9.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.4%)
Tiles	7.0 (0.4%)	5.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.9%)
Missing	2	2	0
HH materials wall				<0.001
Block/ brick	227.0 (12.0%)	170.0 (10.2%)	57.0 (25.4%)
Iron sheet	16.0 (0.8%)	13.0 (0.8%)	3.0 (1.3%)
Mud	986.0 (51.9%)	927.0 (55.4%)	59.0 (26.3%)
Mud and cement	394.0 (20.8%)	321.0 (19.2%)	73.0 (32.6%)
Mud and twigs	212.0 (11.2%)	199.0 (11.9%)	13.0 (5.8%)
Other	20.0 (1.1%)	17.0 (1.0%)	3.0 (1.3%)
Raw bricks	41.0 (2.2%)	25.0 (1.5%)	16.0 (7.1%)
Wood	2.0 (0.1%)	2.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	2	2	0
HH materials floor				<0.001
Cement	562.0 (29.6%)	446.0 (26.6%)	116.0 (51.8%)
Mud	1,099.0 (57.9%)	1,033.0 (61.7%)	66.0 (29.5%)
Mud and cement	165.0 (8.7%)	148.0 (8.8%)	17.0 (7.6%)
Other	5.0 (0.3%)	4.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (0.4%)
Tiles	65.0 (3.4%)	42.0 (2.5%)	23.0 (10.3%)
Wood	2.0 (0.1%)	1.0 (0.1%)	1.0 (0.4%)
Missing	2	2	0
water source location				<0.001
Elsewhere	1,512.0 (79.7%)	1,358.0 (81.1%)	154.0 (68.8%)
In own dwelling	94.0 (5.0%)	83.0 (5.0%)	11.0 (4.9%)
In own yard/plot	292.0 (15.4%)	233.0 (13.9%)	59.0 (26.3%)
Missing	2	2	0
water tank treatment				0.2
Don't Know	9.0 (0.5%)	8.0 (0.5%)	1.0 (0.4%)
No	339.0 (17.9%)	309.0 (18.5%)	30.0 (13.4%)
Yes	1,550.0 (81.7%)	1,357.0 (81.1%)	193.0 (86.2%)
Missing	2	2	0
toilet_type				<0.001
Bucket latrine	1.0 (0.1%)	1.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Flush or Pour flush toilet	27.0 (1.4%)	23.0 (1.4%)	4.0 (1.8%)
No facility/bush/field	87.0 (4.6%)	84.0 (5.0%)	3.0 (1.3%)
Other(Specify)	9.0 (0.5%)	7.0 (0.4%)	2.0 (0.9%)
Traditional pit latrine	1,532.0 (80.7%)	1,381.0 (82.5%)	151.0 (67.4%)
Ventilated improved pit latrine	242.0 (12.8%)	178.0 (10.6%)	64.0 (28.6%)
Missing	2	2	0
share toilet other HH				<0.001
No	603.0 (31.8%)	506.0 (30.2%)	97.0 (43.3%)
Yes	1,295.0 (68.2%)	1,168.0 (69.8%)	127.0 (56.7%)
Missing	2	2	0
water treatment-Boil	169.0 (11.3%)	147.0 (11.2%)	22.0 (12.2%)	0.7
Missing	404	360	44
water treatment-Add bleach/chlorine	1,365.0 (91.2%)	1,195.0 (90.8%)	170.0 (94.4%)	0.11
Missing	404	360	44
water treatment-Strain through a cloth	84.0 (5.6%)	69.0 (5.2%)	15.0 (8.3%)	0.091
Missing	404	360	44
water treatment-Use water filter	9.0 (0.6%)	7.0 (0.5%)	2.0 (1.1%)	0.3
Missing	404	360	44
water treatment-Solar disinfection	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	404	360	44
water treatment-Let it stand and settle	50.0 (3.3%)	43.0 (3.3%)	7.0 (3.9%)	0.7
Missing	404	360	44
water treatment-Cover the water container	17.0 (1.1%)	16.0 (1.2%)	1.0 (0.6%)	0.7
Missing	404	360	44
water treatment-Other	55.0 (3.7%)	55.0 (4.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.005
Missing	404	360	44
water treatment-Don't know	6.0 (0.4%)	4.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (1.1%)	0.2
Missing	404	360	44
1Mean (SD); n (%)
2Wilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's exact test

21 Social Solidarity

21.1 Location

Social Solidarity \| 5 point scale \| Location
willing_to_pay								<0.001
willing though not sick now	486.0 (28.0%)	76.0 (24.1%)	108.0 (34.4%)	69.0 (24.1%)	67.0 (27.9%)	106.0 (39.6%)	60.0 (19.4%)
willing though poorer will use service more	1,041.0 (60.0%)	209.0 (66.1%)	156.0 (49.7%)	202.0 (70.6%)	129.0 (53.8%)	131.0 (48.9%)	214.0 (69.0%)
willing though sicker will use service more	207.0 (11.9%)	31.0 (9.8%)	50.0 (15.9%)	15.0 (5.2%)	44.0 (18.3%)	31.0 (11.6%)	36.0 (11.6%)
Missing	166	23	49	22	19	37	16
cover statements agree with most								<0.001
Everyone should only be expected to pay for their own health care	83.0 (4.4%)	25.0 (7.4%)	33.0 (9.1%)	4.0 (1.3%)	8.0 (3.1%)	5.0 (1.6%)	8.0 (2.5%)
I would be willing to contribute to health care costs for myself and my family	1,140.0 (60.1%)	227.0 (67.0%)	245.0 (67.5%)	173.0 (56.5%)	149.0 (57.5%)	199.0 (65.2%)	147.0 (45.1%)
I would be willing to contribute to health care that benefits a wider group of people particularly where they are worse-off than me	284.0 (15.0%)	32.0 (9.4%)	27.0 (7.4%)	38.0 (12.4%)	41.0 (15.8%)	71.0 (23.3%)	75.0 (23.0%)
I would be willing to contribute to health care that benefits me, my family and other people I know (like neighbours and friends)	391.0 (20.6%)	55.0 (16.2%)	58.0 (16.0%)	91.0 (29.7%)	61.0 (23.6%)	30.0 (9.8%)	96.0 (29.4%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
preference_payment_type								<0.001
Progressive	435.0 (22.9%)	53.0 (15.6%)	94.0 (25.9%)	53.0 (17.3%)	40.0 (15.4%)	70.0 (23.0%)	125.0 (38.3%)
Progressive but the poor don’t pay at all	793.0 (41.8%)	183.0 (54.0%)	97.0 (26.7%)	122.0 (39.9%)	134.0 (51.7%)	157.0 (51.5%)	100.0 (30.7%)
Proportional	578.0 (30.5%)	74.0 (21.8%)	137.0 (37.7%)	122.0 (39.9%)	81.0 (31.3%)	69.0 (22.6%)	95.0 (29.1%)
Same flat amount	92.0 (4.8%)	29.0 (8.6%)	35.0 (9.6%)	9.0 (2.9%)	4.0 (1.5%)	9.0 (3.0%)	6.0 (1.8%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
preference_payment								<0.001
Option 1: Everyone pays the same amount	92.0 (4.8%)	29.0 (8.6%)	35.0 (9.6%)	9.0 (2.9%)	4.0 (1.5%)	9.0 (3.0%)	6.0 (1.8%)
Option 2: The poorest don’t have to pay	793.0 (41.8%)	183.0 (54.0%)	97.0 (26.7%)	122.0 (39.9%)	134.0 (51.7%)	157.0 (51.5%)	100.0 (30.7%)
Option 3: All must pay something, but pay according to their income	578.0 (30.5%)	74.0 (21.8%)	137.0 (37.7%)	122.0 (39.9%)	81.0 (31.3%)	69.0 (22.6%)	95.0 (29.1%)
Option 4: All must pay something, but the poorest pay very little	435.0 (22.9%)	53.0 (15.6%)	94.0 (25.9%)	53.0 (17.3%)	40.0 (15.4%)	70.0 (23.0%)	125.0 (38.3%)
Missing	2	0	0	2	0	0	0
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test

21.2 Health Insurance

Social Solidarity \| have health insurance
willing_to_pay				<0.001
willing though not sick now	486.0 (28.0%)	451.0 (29.7%)	35.0 (16.2%)
willing though poorer will use service more	1,041.0 (60.0%)	888.0 (58.5%)	153.0 (70.8%)
willing though sicker will use service more	207.0 (11.9%)	179.0 (11.8%)	28.0 (13.0%)
Missing	166	158	8
cover statements agree with most				0.2
Everyone should only be expected to pay for their own health care	83.0 (4.4%)	77.0 (4.6%)	6.0 (2.7%)
I would be willing to contribute to health care costs for myself and my family	1,140.0 (60.1%)	1,013.0 (60.5%)	127.0 (56.7%)
I would be willing to contribute to health care that benefits a wider group of people particularly where they are worse-off than me	284.0 (15.0%)	242.0 (14.5%)	42.0 (18.8%)
I would be willing to contribute to health care that benefits me, my family and other people I know (like neighbours and friends)	391.0 (20.6%)	342.0 (20.4%)	49.0 (21.9%)
Missing	2	2	0
preference_payment_type				0.4
Progressive	435.0 (22.9%)	381.0 (22.8%)	54.0 (24.1%)
Progressive but the poor don’t pay at all	793.0 (41.8%)	711.0 (42.5%)	82.0 (36.6%)
Proportional	578.0 (30.5%)	502.0 (30.0%)	76.0 (33.9%)
Same flat amount	92.0 (4.8%)	80.0 (4.8%)	12.0 (5.4%)
Missing	2	2	0
preference_payment				0.4
Option 1: Everyone pays the same amount	92.0 (4.8%)	80.0 (4.8%)	12.0 (5.4%)
Option 2: The poorest don’t have to pay	793.0 (41.8%)	711.0 (42.5%)	82.0 (36.6%)
Option 3: All must pay something, but pay according to their income	578.0 (30.5%)	502.0 (30.0%)	76.0 (33.9%)
Option 4: All must pay something, but the poorest pay very little	435.0 (22.9%)	381.0 (22.8%)	54.0 (24.1%)
Missing	2	2	0
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test

22 Appendix

22.1 Ordinal Data analisis

As we know that Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test can often be used provided the two independent samples are drawn from populations with an ordinal distribution.

For ordinal data, we are assuming a significance level of α = 0.05. We have a paired data over here.So,We can do hypothesis testing (two Tailed Test) to identify the given research proposition:

Hypothesis:

Null Hypothesis, Ho, MedianDifference = 0
Alternative Hypothesis, Ha, MedianDifference ≠ 0
Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test For paired data set with ties,
WilcoxonRankSumtest was used for ordinal cohttps://rpubs.com/mominulislam2329/WilcoxonRankSumtest

Survey Summary
	household reached
Variable	Overall, N = 9,5671	Household member doesn't have capacity to respond, N = 361	Household unknown, N = 1211	Members absent, N = 2841	Yes, N = 9,1261	p-value2
household_head
Dependant	7,174.0 (78.6%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	7,174.0 (78.6%)
Head	1,952.0 (21.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,952.0 (21.4%)
Missing	441	36	121	284	0
attempts reaching household						<0.001
One	71.0 (16.1%)	12.0 (33.3%)	34.0 (28.1%)	25.0 (8.8%)	0.0 (NA%)
Three	316.0 (71.7%)	19.0 (52.8%)	76.0 (62.8%)	221.0 (77.8%)	0.0 (NA%)
Two	54.0 (12.2%)	5.0 (13.9%)	11.0 (9.1%)	38.0 (13.4%)	0.0 (NA%)
Missing	9,126	0	0	0	9,126
consent						>0.9
No	81.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	81.0 (0.9%)
Yes	9,031.0 (99.1%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	9,031.0 (99.1%)
Missing	455	36	121	284	14
second phase consent						>0.9
No	14.0 (0.7%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	14.0 (0.7%)
Yes	1,954.0 (99.3%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,954.0 (99.3%)
Missing	7,599	36	121	284	7,158
future followup consent						>0.9
No	32.0 (1.6%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	32.0 (1.6%)
Yes	1,936.0 (98.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,936.0 (98.4%)
Missing	7,599	36	121	284	7,158
owner of mobile phone						>0.9
Other person	306.0 (15.5%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	306.0 (15.5%)
Own	1,662.0 (84.5%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,662.0 (84.5%)
Missing	7,599	36	121	284	7,158
relationship to household head						>0.9
Adopted/Foster/ Stepchild/orphan	79.0 (0.9%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	79.0 (0.9%)
Co-Wife	15.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	15.0 (0.2%)
Don’t Know	2.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	2.0 (0.0%)
Grandchild	1,303.0 (14.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,303.0 (14.4%)
Not related	12.0 (0.1%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	12.0 (0.1%)
Other (specify)	35.0 (0.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	35.0 (0.4%)
Other Relatives	143.0 (1.6%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	143.0 (1.6%)
Parent	95.0 (1.1%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	95.0 (1.1%)
Parent in-law	22.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	22.0 (0.2%)
Self	1,534.0 (17.0%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,534.0 (17.0%)
Sister/Brother	106.0 (1.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	106.0 (1.2%)
Son or Daughter	4,180.0 (46.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	4,180.0 (46.2%)
Son or Daughter in-law	130.0 (1.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	130.0 (1.4%)
Wife/Husband/Partner	1,389.0 (15.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (NA%)	1,389.0 (15.4%)
Missing	522	36	121	284	81
Location
BUNYALA CENTRAL	1,654.0 (18.3%)	0.0 (NA%)	2.0 (50.0%)	3.0 (18.8%)	1,649.0 (18.3%)
BUNYALA EAST	1,480.0 (16.4%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (18.8%)	1,477.0 (16.4%)
BUNYALA NORTH	1,558.0 (17.2%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (12.5%)	1,556.0 (17.3%)
BUNYALA SOUTH	1,131.0 (12.5%)	0.0 (NA%)	2.0 (50.0%)	5.0 (31.2%)	1,124.0 (12.5%)
BUNYALA WEST	1,519.0 (16.8%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)	1,519.0 (16.8%)
KHAJULA	1,698.0 (18.8%)	0.0 (NA%)	0.0 (0.0%)	3.0 (18.8%)	1,695.0 (18.8%)
Missing	527	36	117	268	106
1n (%)
2Fisher's exact test

Survey Summary
		have health insurance
Variable	Overall, N = 9,0551	No, N = 8,1301	Yes, N = 9251	p-value2
household_head				0.011
Dependant	7,133.0 (79.0%)	6,434.0 (79.3%)	699.0 (75.7%)
Head	1,900.0 (21.0%)	1,676.0 (20.7%)	224.0 (24.3%)
Missing	22	20	2
household reached				0.026
Household unknown	4.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.2%)
Members absent	18.0 (0.2%)	18.0 (0.2%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Yes	9,033.0 (99.8%)	8,110.0 (99.8%)	923.0 (99.8%)
attempts reaching household				0.080
One	5.0 (22.7%)	3.0 (15.0%)	2.0 (100.0%)
Three	12.0 (54.5%)	12.0 (60.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Two	5.0 (22.7%)	5.0 (25.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Missing	9,033	8,110	923
consent				>0.9
No	23.0 (0.3%)	21.0 (0.3%)	2.0 (0.2%)
Yes	8,996.0 (99.7%)	8,078.0 (99.7%)	918.0 (99.8%)
Missing	36	31	5
second phase consent				0.4
No	14.0 (0.7%)	14.0 (0.8%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Yes	1,954.0 (99.3%)	1,730.0 (99.2%)	224.0 (100.0%)
Missing	7,087	6,386	701
future followup consent				>0.9
No	32.0 (1.6%)	29.0 (1.7%)	3.0 (1.3%)
Yes	1,936.0 (98.4%)	1,715.0 (98.3%)	221.0 (98.7%)
Missing	7,087	6,386	701
owner of mobile phone				<0.001
Other person	306.0 (15.5%)	295.0 (16.9%)	11.0 (4.9%)
Own	1,662.0 (84.5%)	1,449.0 (83.1%)	213.0 (95.1%)
Missing	7,087	6,386	701
relationship to household head				<0.001
Adopted/Foster/ Stepchild/orphan	79.0 (0.9%)	76.0 (0.9%)	3.0 (0.3%)
Co-Wife	14.0 (0.2%)	13.0 (0.2%)	1.0 (0.1%)
Don’t Know	2.0 (0.0%)	2.0 (0.0%)	0.0 (0.0%)
Grandchild	1,303.0 (14.5%)	1,216.0 (15.0%)	87.0 (9.4%)
Not related	12.0 (0.1%)	8.0 (0.1%)	4.0 (0.4%)
Other (specify)	35.0 (0.4%)	34.0 (0.4%)	1.0 (0.1%)
Other Relatives	142.0 (1.6%)	132.0 (1.6%)	10.0 (1.1%)
Parent	95.0 (1.1%)	92.0 (1.1%)	3.0 (0.3%)
Parent in-law	22.0 (0.2%)	19.0 (0.2%)	3.0 (0.3%)
Self	1,529.0 (17.0%)	1,364.0 (16.9%)	165.0 (17.9%)
Sister/Brother	106.0 (1.2%)	93.0 (1.1%)	13.0 (1.4%)
Son or Daughter	4,156.0 (46.1%)	3,726.0 (46.1%)	430.0 (46.7%)
Son or Daughter in-law	129.0 (1.4%)	115.0 (1.4%)	14.0 (1.5%)
Wife/Husband/Partner	1,386.0 (15.4%)	1,199.0 (14.8%)	187.0 (20.3%)
Missing	45	41	4
1n (%)
2Pearson's Chi-squared test; Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data with simulated p-value (based on 2000 replicates); Fisher's exact test