class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # 幻燈忍者 ## 資料管理 - 演講幻燈片製作示範(李江改) ### 許清芳 ### 民國一零七年三月五日 --- # 大綱 - 簡介資料分析流程 -- - 前置作業 -- - 數學公式 -- - 程式碼 -- - 統計分析 -- - 表格 -- - 繪圖 -- - 總結 --- # 簡介  .center[資料分析流程圖] --- # 前置作業 - 安裝 R, RStudio, 和 MikTex 或 macTex - 從 [Github](https://github.com/yihui/xaringan) 安裝 **xaringan** 套件： ```r if (!requireNamespace("xaringan")) devtools::install_github("yihui/xaringan") ``` - 從菜单 `File -> New File -> R Markdown -> From Template -> Ninja Presentation (Simplified Chinese)` 開編一個新文件檔案； - 點擊 `Knit` 按鍵編輯文件檔； - 在 RStudio 裡预覽幻燈片; 每次你保存文件檔，它會自動重新編輯。 - 這裡也必須安裝套件 **DT** 和 **xtable**。 --- # 數學公式 數學公式用 LaTeX 语法寫，例如 ``` $$Y_i = \beta_0 + \beta_1 x_i + \epsilon_i, ~~i=1 \ldots n,$$ $$\epsilon_i \sim N(0, \sigma^2).$$ ``` 呈現為 `$$Y_i = \beta_0 + \beta_1 x_i + \epsilon_i,~~~i = 1, \ldots, n,$$` `$$\epsilon_i \sim N(0, \sigma^2).$$` --- # R 程式碼 數據資料,Animmals{MASS}, 包含六十二種陸生哺乳動物的腦重與身體重量。 ```r options(digits = 4, show.signif.stars = FALSE) library(MASS) head(Animals) ``` ``` # body brain # Mountain beaver 1.35 8.1 # Cow 465.00 423.0 # Grey wolf 36.33 119.5 # Goat 27.66 115.0 # Guinea pig 1.04 5.5 # Dipliodocus 11700.00 50.0 ``` --- # 查看資料 ```r DT::datatable( Animals, fillContainer = FALSE, options = list(pageLength = 3) ) ``` <div id="htmlwidget-62986e4477fb50352f1b" style="width:100%;height:auto;" class="datatables html-widget"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-62986e4477fb50352f1b">{"x":{"filter":"none","vertical":false,"fillContainer":false,"data":[["Mountain beaver","Cow","Grey wolf","Goat","Guinea pig","Dipliodocus","Asian elephant","Donkey","Horse","Potar monkey","Cat","Giraffe","Gorilla","Human","African elephant","Triceratops","Rhesus monkey","Kangaroo","Golden hamster","Mouse","Rabbit","Sheep","Jaguar","Chimpanzee","Rat","Brachiosaurus","Mole","Pig"],[1.35,465,36.33,27.66,1.04,11700,2547,187.1,521,10,3.3,529,207,62,6654,9400,6.8,35,0.12,0.023,2.5,55.5,100,52.16,0.28,87000,0.122,192],[8.1,423,119.5,115,5.5,50,4603,419,655,115,25.6,680,406,1320,5712,70,179,56,1,0.4,12.1,175,157,440,1.9,154.5,3,180]],"container":"<table class=\"display\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th> <\/th>\n <th>body<\/th>\n <th>brain<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n<\/table>","options":{"pageLength":3,"columnDefs":[{"className":"dt-right","targets":[1,2]},{"orderable":false,"targets":0}],"order":[],"autoWidth":false,"orderClasses":false,"lengthMenu":[3,10,25,50,100]}},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script> --- # 統計分析 ```r # 線性回歸模型 m0 <- lm(log(brain) ~ log(body), data = Animals) coef(summary(m0)) ``` ``` # Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) # (Intercept) 2.555 0.41314 6.184 1.534e-06 # log(body) 0.496 0.07817 6.345 1.017e-06 ``` ```r anova(m0) ``` ``` # Analysis of Variance Table # # Response: log(brain) # Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F) # log(body) 1 94.4 94.4 40.3 1e-06 # Residuals 26 61.0 2.3 ``` --- # 表格 ```r library(xtable) xtm0 <- xtable(summary(m0)) knitr::kable(xtm0, format = 'html') ``` <table> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;"> </th> <th style="text-align:right;"> Estimate </th> <th style="text-align:right;"> Std. Error </th> <th style="text-align:right;"> t value </th> <th style="text-align:right;"> Pr(&gt;|t|) </th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"> (Intercept) </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> 2.555 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> 0.4131 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> 6.184 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> 0 </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"> log(body) </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> 0.496 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> 0.0782 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> 6.345 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> 0 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> --- # 繪圖 ```r library(lattice) xyplot(log(brain) ~ log(body), data = Animals, type = c("g", "r", "p"), pch = 16, xlab = "Body weight (log(kg))", ylab = "Brain weight (log(g))") ``` <!-- --> --- class: center, middle # 播動畫  --- # 總結 - 幻燈片要簡單,明瞭,有用並且好看 -- - R Markdown 幻燈片製作利器: xaringan (幻燈忍者) -- - 作者為謝益輝 -- - 幻燈片本身即是複製分析流程的文件檔 -- - 可以丟掉微軟的PowerPoint了! --- class: center, middle # 請多指教, 謝謝。 ``` csheu at mail dot ncku dot edu dot tw ```