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data(“USArrests”)

data("USArrests") #
?USArrests

## starting httpd help server ... done

josep<-USArrests
View(josep)

exporación de data

class(josep)

## [1] "data.frame"

nrow(josep)

## [1] 50

ncol(josep)

## [1] 4

colnames(josep)

## [1] "Murder"   "Assault"  "UrbanPop" "Rape"

head(josep)   # 6 primeros casos

##            Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Alabama      13.2     236       58 21.2
## Alaska       10.0     263       48 44.5
## Arizona       8.1     294       80 31.0
## Arkansas      8.8     190       50 19.5
## California    9.0     276       91 40.6
## Colorado      7.9     204       78 38.7

tail(josep)   # 6 ultimos

##               Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Vermont          2.2      48       32 11.2
## Virginia         8.5     156       63 20.7
## Washington       4.0     145       73 26.2
## West Virginia    5.7      81       39  9.3
## Wisconsin        2.6      53       66 10.8
## Wyoming          6.8     161       60 15.6

attributes(josep)

## $names
## [1] "Murder"   "Assault"  "UrbanPop" "Rape"    
## 
## $class
## [1] "data.frame"
## 
## $row.names
##  [1] "Alabama"        "Alaska"         "Arizona"        "Arkansas"      
##  [5] "California"     "Colorado"       "Connecticut"    "Delaware"      
##  [9] "Florida"        "Georgia"        "Hawaii"         "Idaho"         
## [13] "Illinois"       "Indiana"        "Iowa"           "Kansas"        
## [17] "Kentucky"       "Louisiana"      "Maine"          "Maryland"      
## [21] "Massachusetts"  "Michigan"       "Minnesota"      "Mississippi"   
## [25] "Missouri"       "Montana"        "Nebraska"       "Nevada"        
## [29] "New Hampshire"  "New Jersey"     "New Mexico"     "New York"      
## [33] "North Carolina" "North Dakota"   "Ohio"           "Oklahoma"      
## [37] "Oregon"         "Pennsylvania"   "Rhode Island"   "South Carolina"
## [41] "South Dakota"   "Tennessee"      "Texas"          "Utah"          
## [45] "Vermont"        "Virginia"       "Washington"     "West Virginia" 
## [49] "Wisconsin"      "Wyoming"

observación y exploración de filas y columnas

josep[15,]

##      Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Iowa    2.2      56       57 11.3

josep[23,]

##           Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Minnesota    2.7      72       66 14.9

josep[c(26:30),]

##               Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
## Montana          6.0     109       53 16.4
## Nebraska         4.3     102       62 16.5
## Nevada          12.2     252       81 46.0
## New Hampshire    2.1      57       56  9.5
## New Jersey       7.4     159       89 18.8

josep2 <- josep[26,]
josep3 <- josep[c(26:30),]
josep4 <- josep["Oregon",]
josep5 <- josep[-5,]
josep6 <- josep[c(-26:-30),]