Georeferenciando ciudades de Honduras para planificación e inteligencia territorial
Dr. Roberto Enrique Chang López/ rchang@unah.edu.hn
22/7/2021
Fuente:foto es del HONDUSA TV.
PLUS: Los ÚLTIMOS DOS MAPAS SON INTERACTIVOS, POR FAVOR REVISAR.
Consultor en Data Science, ML y Sistemas de Información Geográfica
##Haga Click Aqui para ver Certificado Machine Learning MIT https://www.credential.net/4dd365ea-ea5a-46a2-a72e-539e70545c6e
##Haga Click Aqui para ver Certificado Columbia Python for Managers https://certificates.emeritus.org/0a2e1de7-add2-4710-ad49-417d1dadfb61#gs.4a92hv ##Contacto: rchang@unah.edu.hn
Algunos Dashboards elaborados son: Para Bolsa de Valores https://rchang.shinyapps.io/rchang-stock-exchange/
Para el Estado del Clima https://rchang.shinyapps.io/rchang-app_clima_ho/
Para Machine Learning https://rchang.shinyapps.io/rchang-app/
Para Empresariales e Industriales https://rchang.shinyapps.io/rchang-app_final_emp/
Para Dashboards con log in https://rchang.shinyapps.io/clase_3-shiny-2/_w_ae4e775f/_w_f249a9a1/?page=sign_in
y para Sistemas de Información Geográfica
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/ES:Caracter%C3%ADsticas_del_mapa
available_features()## [1] "4wd_only" "abandoned"
## [3] "abutters" "access"
## [5] "addr" "addr:city"
## [7] "addr:conscriptionnumber" "addr:country"
## [9] "addr:district" "addr:flats"
## [11] "addr:full" "addr:hamlet"
## [13] "addr:housename" "addr:housenumber"
## [15] "addr:inclusion" "addr:interpolation"
## [17] "addr:place" "addr:postbox"
## [19] "addr:postcode" "addr:province"
## [21] "addr:state" "addr:street"
## [23] "addr:subdistrict" "addr:suburb"
## [25] "admin_level" "aeroway"
## [27] "agricultural" "alt_name"
## [29] "amenity" "area"
## [31] "atv" "backward"
## [33] "barrier" "basin"
## [35] "bdouble" "bicycle"
## [37] "bicycle_road" "biergarten"
## [39] "boat" "border_type"
## [41] "boundary" "bridge"
## [43] "building" "building:fireproof"
## [45] "building:flats" "building:levels"
## [47] "building:min_level" "building:soft_storey"
## [49] "bus_bay" "busway"
## [51] "charge" "construction"
## [53] "covered" "craft"
## [55] "crossing" "crossing:island"
## [57] "cuisine" "cutting"
## [59] "cycleway" "denomination"
## [61] "destination" "diet"
## [63] "direction" "dispensing"
## [65] "disused" "disused:shop"
## [67] "drink" "drive_in"
## [69] "drive_through" "ele"
## [71] "electric_bicycle" "electrified"
## [73] "embankment" "embedded_rails"
## [75] "emergency" "end_date"
## [77] "entrance" "est_width"
## [79] "fee" "fire_object:type"
## [81] "fire_operator" "fire_rank"
## [83] "foot" "footway"
## [85] "ford" "forestry"
## [87] "forward" "frequency"
## [89] "fuel" "gauge"
## [91] "golf_cart" "goods"
## [93] "hazmat" "healthcare"
## [95] "healthcare:counselling" "healthcare:speciality"
## [97] "height" "hgv"
## [99] "highway" "historic"
## [101] "horse" "ice_road"
## [103] "incline" "industrial"
## [105] "inline_skates" "inscription"
## [107] "internet_access" "junction"
## [109] "kerb" "landuse"
## [111] "lanes" "lanes:bus"
## [113] "lanes:psv" "layer"
## [115] "leaf_cycle" "leaf_type"
## [117] "leisure" "lhv"
## [119] "lit" "location"
## [121] "man_made" "maxaxleload"
## [123] "maxheight" "maxlength"
## [125] "maxspeed" "maxstay"
## [127] "maxweight" "maxwidth"
## [129] "military" "minspeed"
## [131] "mofa" "moped"
## [133] "motor_vehicle" "motorboat"
## [135] "motorcar" "motorcycle"
## [137] "motorroad" "mountain_pass"
## [139] "mtb:description" "mtb:scale:imba"
## [141] "mtb_scale" "name"
## [143] "name:left" "name:right"
## [145] "narrow" "natural"
## [147] "noexit" "non_existent_levels"
## [149] "note" "nudism"
## [151] "office" "official_name"
## [153] "old_name" "oneway"
## [155] "opening_hours" "operator"
## [157] "organic" "oven"
## [159] "overtaking" "parking:condition"
## [161] "parking:lane" "passing_places"
## [163] "place" "power"
## [165] "priority_road" "produce"
## [167] "proposed" "protected_area"
## [169] "psv" "public_transport"
## [171] "railway" "railway:preserved"
## [173] "railway:track_ref" "recycling_type"
## [175] "ref" "religion"
## [177] "residential" "roadtrain"
## [179] "route" "sac_scale"
## [181] "service" "service_times"
## [183] "shelter_type" "shop"
## [185] "short_name" "sidewalk"
## [187] "site" "ski"
## [189] "smoothness" "social_facility"
## [191] "sorting_name" "speed_pedelec"
## [193] "start_date" "step_count"
## [195] "substation" "surface"
## [197] "tactile_paving" "tank"
## [199] "tidal" "toilets:wheelchair"
## [201] "toll" "tourism"
## [203] "tracks" "tracktype"
## [205] "traffic_calming" "traffic_sign"
## [207] "trail_visibility" "trailblazed"
## [209] "trailblazed:visibility" "tunnel"
## [211] "turn" "type"
## [213] "usage" "vehicle"
## [215] "vending" "voltage"
## [217] "water" "wheelchair"
## [219] "wholesale" "width"
## [221] "winter_road" "wood"available_tags("amenity")## [1] "animal_boarding" "animal_breeding" "animal_shelter"
## [4] "arts_centre" "atm" "baby_hatch"
## [7] "baking_oven" "bank" "bar"
## [10] "bbq" "bench" "bicycle_parking"
## [13] "bicycle_rental" "bicycle_repair_station" "biergarten"
## [16] "boat_rental" "boat_sharing" "brothel"
## [19] "bureau_de_change" "bus_station" "cafe"
## [22] "car_rental" "car_sharing" "car_wash"
## [25] "casino" "charging_station" "childcare"
## [28] "cinema" "clinic" "clock"
## [31] "college" "community_centre" "conference_centre"
## [34] "courthouse" "crematorium" "dentist"
## [37] "dive_centre" "doctors" "dog_toilet"
## [40] "drinking_water" "driving_school" "embassy"
## [43] "events_venue" "fast_food" "ferry_terminal"
## [46] "fire_station" "food_court" "fountain"
## [49] "fuel" "funeral_hall" "gambling"
## [52] "give_box" "grave_yard" "grit_bin"
## [55] "gym" "hospital" "hunting_stand"
## [58] "ice_cream" "internet_cafe" "kindergarten"
## [61] "kitchen" "kneipp_water_cure" "language_school"
## [64] "library" "lounger" "love_hotel"
## [67] "marketplace" "monastery" "motorcycle_parking"
## [70] "music_school" "nightclub" "nursing_home"
## [73] "parking" "parking_entrance" "parking_space"
## [76] "pharmacy" "photo_booth" "place_of_mourning"
## [79] "place_of_worship" "planetarium" "police"
## [82] "post_box" "post_depot" "post_office"
## [85] "prison" "pub" "public_bath"
## [88] "public_bookcase" "public_building" "ranger_station"
## [91] "recycling" "refugee_site" "restaurant"
## [94] "sanitary_dump_station" "school" "shelter"
## [97] "shower" "social_centre" "social_facility"
## [100] "stripclub" "studio" "swingerclub"
## [103] "taxi" "telephone" "theatre"
## [106] "toilets" "townhall" "toy_library"
## [109] "university" "vehicle_inspection" "vending_machine"
## [112] "veterinary" "waste_basket" "waste_disposal"
## [115] "waste_transfer_station" "water_point" "watering_place"Aquí me traigo la caja de coordenadas
bbox_tegucigalpa <- getbb("Tegucigalpa", "Honduras")mapa_tegucigalpa<- get_stamenmap(bbox=bbox_tegucigalpa,
zoom=12)## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1054/1885.png## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1055/1885.png## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1056/1885.png## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1054/1886.png## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1055/1886.png## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1056/1886.png## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1054/1887.png## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1055/1887.png## Source : http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/12/1056/1887.pngggmap(mapa_tegucigalpa)
Podemos poner el contorno y los bordes la ciudad
polygon_tegus <- getbb("Tegucigalpa", "Honduras",
format_out = "sf_polygon")ggmap(mapa_tegucigalpa)+
geom_sf(data=polygon_tegus, inherit.aes = FALSE, fill= NA, color="red", size= 2)## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## ggsave("mapa.jpg")#st_write(polygon_tegus, "C:/Users/ladylee/Desktop/polygon_tegucigalpa.geojson")Y si queres cambiarle el tamaño podes usar las variables width y height (ancho y alto en ingles) pdf(“el titulo que quieras.pdf”,width = 10, height = 10) ggmap(mapa_montevideo) dev.off()
Vamos a bajar líneas, calles Esta linea es para consulta
calles_tegucigalpa <- opq(bbox=bbox_tegucigalpa) %>%
add_osm_feature(key="highway")Ahora para bajar las calles
calles_tegucigalpa## Object of class 'osmdata' with:
## $bbox : 14.0068238,-87.2790971,14.1422032,-87.1327733
## $overpass_call : The call submitted to the overpass API
## $meta : metadata including timestamp and version numbers
## $osm_points : 'sf' Simple Features Collection with 77987 points
## $osm_lines : 'sf' Simple Features Collection with 13592 linestrings
## $osm_polygons : 'sf' Simple Features Collection with 87 polygons
## $osm_multilines : NULL
## $osm_multipolygons : NULLggmap(mapa_tegucigalpa)+
geom_sf(data=polygon_tegus, inherit.aes = FALSE, fill=NA, color="red", size=1.5)+
geom_sf(data=calles_tegucigalpa, inherit.aes = FALSE)## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
Para salvar imagenes: También funcionaría con p <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, wt)) + geom_point() ggsave(“nombre.png”, plot = p)
Ahora intersectemos calles con poligonos de Tegucigalpa
calles_tegucigalpa<- st_intersection(calles_tegucigalpa, polygon_tegus)## Warning: attribute variables are assumed to be spatially constant throughout all
## geometriesggmap(mapa_tegucigalpa)+
geom_sf(data = calles_tegucigalpa, aes(color=as.numeric(maxspeed)), inherit.aes = FALSE)+
scale_color_viridis_c()+
labs(title="Tegucigalpa, Honduras",
subtitle="Velocidad Máxima Permitida",
color= "Máxima Velocidad",
caption="Fuente: Open Street Map")+
theme_void()## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
ggmap(mapa_tegucigalpa)+
geom_sf(data = calles_tegucigalpa, aes(color=maxspeed), inherit.aes = FALSE)+
scale_color_viridis_d()+
labs(title="Tegucigalpa, Honduras",
subtitle="Velocidad Máxima Permitida",
caption="Fuente: Open Street Map")+
theme_void()## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
#Parques de Tegucigalpa
Artículo respecto a los 17 tipos de “simple features” existentes : https://r-spatial.github.io/sf/articles/sf1.html
ggmap(mapa_tegucigalpa)+
geom_sf(data=polygon_tegus, inherit.aes = FALSE, color="red", fill=NA)+
geom_sf(data=park_tegucigalpa, inherit.aes = FALSE, fill="green")## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
Gastronomía en Tegucigalpa
MAPA DE TEGUCIGALPA CON LOS PARQUE Y GASTRONOMÍA
ggmap(mapa_tegucigalpa)+
geom_sf(data=polygon_tegus, inherit.aes = FALSE, color="red", fill=NA)+
geom_sf(data=park_tegucigalpa, inherit.aes = FALSE, fill="green")+
geom_sf(data=gastronomia_tegucigalpa, inherit.aes = FALSE, fill = "blue")## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
DEPURANDO LOS VALORES FALTANTES
gastronomia_tegucigalpa <- gastronomia_tegucigalpa %>%
dplyr::filter(!is.na(amenity))ggmap(mapa_tegucigalpa)+
geom_sf(data=polygon_tegus, inherit.aes = FALSE, color="red", fill=NA)+
geom_sf(data=park_tegucigalpa, inherit.aes = FALSE, fill="green")+
geom_sf(data=gastronomia_tegucigalpa, inherit.aes = FALSE, aes(color=amenity))## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
#MAPAS INTERACTIVOS DE LA CIUDAD
leaflet(gastronomia_tegucigalpa) %>%
addTiles() %>%
addMarkers(clusterOptions = markerClusterOptions())leaflet(gastronomia_tegucigalpa) %>%
addTiles() %>%
addMarkers(clusterOptions = markerClusterOptions(),
popup = paste("Tipo:", gastronomia_tegucigalpa$amenity, "<br>",
"Nombre:", gastronomia_tegucigalpa$name)) %>%
addMarkers(clusterOptions = markerClusterOptions(),
popup = paste("Tipo:", park_tegucigalpa$amenity, "<br>",
"Nombre:", park_tegucigalpa$name))