Document History

Original Publish Date: 14 July, 2021

Updated on: 03:07 PM – 18 July, 2021


In this section we are using NES data set to asses who and what contributes to Congress’ vote loss.

NES

Questions to consider

  • Q1a. (If Voted) Whom did you vote for? I am giving you this slip which has names and election symbols of all the candidates that you saw on the voting machine. On this slip please put a mark in front of the same symbol against which you pressed the button. (Supply WHITE dummy ballot and explain procedure) ___________________________ 99. Not voted

  • Q1e. (If Voted) Would you say that the party/candidate you voted for was the one you really wanted to vote, or you voted for a party/candidate other than the one you really liked because you did not want a particuler party/candidate to win the election?

  1. I voted for the Party I wanted to vote 2. I voted for another party/candidate
  2. Can’t say 9. NA
  • Q4. (If Voted) Some people say that they voted for a party because that party was supposed to be winning in this election while some others voted for a party that was likely to lose. Some others said they voted for the party they like without considering who is likely to win or lose. What about you?
  1. Voted for party likely to win 2. Voted for party likely to lose
  2. Made no difference/voted for the party I wanted to vote for
  3. Others (Specify) 8. Can’t say 9. Not Voted
  • Q5. What was the single most important issue for you while voting in this election? (Record first answer and consult code book for coding later) ________________________________________________________________98. DK/CS/NR

  • Q5a. In your opinion,which party in this election has raised issues and problems youconsider most important? (Consult the code book for party code) 98. Can’t say 99. NA

  • Q7. People have different considerations while deciding whom to vote for. What mattered to you more while deciding whom to vote for in the recent election - party or candidate?

  1. Party 2. Candidate (Go to Q7b) 8. Can’t say 9. Did not vote/NA
  • Q11. Is there any political party you particularly feel close to? 2. Yes 1. No

  • Q11a. (If Yes) Which party? (Consult the code book for party codes) 99. NA

  • Q12. Are you a member of any political party? 2. Yes 1. No Q12a. (If Yes) Which party? (Consult the code book for party codes) 99. NA

  • Q7a. (If ’Party’in Q7) What was the most important consideration in favour of the party? (Don’t Read Answer Categories)

  1. People of my caste/community supported that party.
  2. The group or the faction in the village/mohalla supported the party.
  3. My family members are traditional supporters/voters of the party.
  4. I/members of my family have benefitted, or expect to benefit from the party.
  5. The party has good leadership.
  6. The overall programme of the party is good.
  7. Other (Specify) 8. Can’t say 9. NA
  • Q13. Could you please tell me….. ? (Please tick whether R has answered correctly or incorrectly, Consult codebook to know CM name and Party leading the state government)
  1. Name of your Chief Minister?1. Correct 2. Incorrect 8. DK
  2. Which Party leads the govt. in your state? 1. Correct 2. Incorrect 8. DK
  • Q15. Thinking of different political parties contesting in this election please tell me ……….? (Do not offer any party name & record exact answer and consult Party code for coding) Party Name
  1. Which party is better for administration? 98. CS
  2. Which party takes care of your religious sentiments? 98. CS
  3. Which party is better for national security? 98. CS
  4. Which party has good leadership? 98. CS
  5. Which party offers lots of free gifts/freebies? 98. CS
  • Q26. While voting some people give importance to the local candidate, others to the state level leadership of the party and some others to the Prime Ministerial candidate. How would you describe yourself?
  1. Local candidate 2. State level leadership 3. PM candidate 4.All
  2. None 6. Others 8. DK/CS
  • Q27. Thinking of how you (or your family, in the case of first time voters) have voted in the last few elections, how would you describe yourself? Which party’s traditional supporter are you? (Record exact name & consult party codes) 97. Not a supporter of any one party 98. DK/CS/NR

  • Q29. Let us assume that in this election Narendra Modi was not the PM candidate of the BJP/NDA. In such a situation, would you have voted for some other party instead of the party you have voted for or this would have made no difference on your decision?

  1. Would have voted for some other party 2. Made no difference 8. D.K. 9. N.A
  • Q31. Who do you think is most likely to win from your parliamentary constituency? (Record exact party or candidate and consult the party code)98. D.K.

summaries

party vote

  • Q1a. (If Voted) Whom did you vote for? I am giving you this slip which has names and election symbols of all the candidates that you saw on the voting machine. On this slip please put a mark in front of the same symbol against which you pressed the button. (Supply WHITE dummy ballot and explain procedure) ___________________________ 99. Not voted
party_vote count prop
BJP 7009 0.32
INC 4563 0.21
NA 2075 0.10
Others 8167 0.37

close to party

  • Q11. Is there any political party you particularly feel close to? 2. Yes 1. No

  • Q11a. (If Yes) Which party? (Consult the code book for party codes) 99. NA

party_close count prop
BJP 1955 0.09
INC 1646 0.08
NA 15018 0.69
Others 3195 0.15

party member

  • Q12. Are you a member of any political party? 2. Yes 1. No Q12a. (If Yes) Which party? (Consult the code book for party codes) 99. NA
party_member count prop
BJP 465 0.02
INC 441 0.02
NA 19552 0.90
Others 1356 0.06

pary traditional supporter

  • Q27. Thinking of how you (or your family, in the case of first time voters) have voted in the last few elections, how would you describe yourself? Which party’s traditional supporter are you? (Record exact name & consult party codes) 97. Not a supporter of any one party 98. DK/CS/NR
party_support count prop
BJP 3615 0.17
INC 3792 0.17
No support/dk 10451 0.48
Others 3956 0.18

party that raised issues

  • Q5. What was the single most important issue for you while voting in this election? (Record first answer and consult code book for coding later) ________________________________________________________________98. DK/CS/NR

  • Q5a. In your opinion,which party in this election has raised issues and problems you consider most important? (Consult the code book for party code) 98. Can’t say 99. NA

party_issues count prop
BJP 5506 0.25
INC 3230 0.15
NA 2319 0.11
Others 10759 0.49

Models

regressions

Question: people who are congress supporters but voted for non-congress allies

inc_supporter_vote_lost Freq
0 20701
1 1113

Var1 Freq
Do not want to reveal 6566
Other party sopporters 3962
BJP Supporter 3615
INC Supporter 3792
No response 3879

Model

Dependent variable:
inc_supporter_vote_lost
All party supporters All party supporters- NAs/DK/not revealed removed Ran among INC supporters only
(1) (2) (3)
caste1: Upper Caste 0.019** 0.024 0.117**
(0.007) (0.019) (0.055)
caste2: OBC 0.025* 0.033 0.089
(0.012) (0.022) (0.056)
caste3: SC 0.028* 0.040 0.073
(0.015) (0.028) (0.065)
caste4: ST 0.036* 0.058 0.119
(0.020) (0.037) (0.094)
caste5: Muslims
(0.000) (0.000) (0.000)
urban -0.00004 0.007 0.067**
(0.008) (0.013) (0.032)
education2: Upto Primary -0.004 -0.008 -0.046**
(0.006) (0.009) (0.021)
education3: Upto Matric -0.001 -0.002 -0.037
(0.008) (0.013) (0.029)
education4: College and above -0.002 0.002 -0.020
(0.009) (0.012) (0.025)
female -0.006 -0.006 -0.025
(0.003) (0.007) (0.018)
age -0.00003 -0.0001 -0.001**
(0.0001) (0.0001) (0.0004)
religionChristian -0.006 -0.025 -0.117**
(0.019) (0.045) (0.052)
religionHindu -0.029* -0.051 -0.115
(0.015) (0.039) (0.074)
religionMuslim -0.003 -0.026 -0.179***
(0.017) (0.042) (0.051)
log(income) 0.0002 0.001 0.001
(0.003) (0.004) (0.012)
media_exposure 0.002 -0.001 0.007
(0.002) (0.004) (0.010)
bjp_inc_contest 0.010 0.007 -0.123**
(0.014) (0.024) (0.053)
turnout -0.001 -0.001 -0.002
(0.001) (0.001) (0.003)
State fixed effects Yes Yes Yes
Constituency fixed effects Yes Yes Yes
Clustered Error Constituency level Constituency level Constituency level
Observations 18,275 9,891 3,263
R2 0.051 0.090 0.210
Adjusted R2 0.049 0.086 0.200
Residual Std. Error 0.193 (df = 18232) 0.252 (df = 9848) 0.376 (df = 3220)
Note: p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01