Topic 1

Top articles

110150990

id	110150990
date	1991-01-11
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	4456
headline	War and Peace: A Sampling From the Debate on Capitol Hill

Senator George J. Mitchell Democrat of Maine Today the Senate undertakes a solemn constitutional responsibility to decide whether to commit the nation to war . In this debate , we should focus on the fundamental question before us : what is the wisest course of action for our nation in the Persian Gulf crisis . In its simplest form , the question is whether Congress will give the President an unlimited blank check to initiate war against Iraq at some unspecified time in the future under circumstances which are not now known and can not be foreseen ... This is not a debate about whether force should ever be used . No one proposes to rule out the use of force ; we can not and should not rule it out . The question is should war be truly a last resort when all other means fail or should we start with war , before other means have been fully and fairly exhausted . This is not a debate about American objectives in the current crisis . There is broad agreement in the Senate that Iraq must fully and unconditionally withdraw its forces from Kuwait . The issue is how best to achieve that goal . Most Americans and most members of Congress , myself included , supported the President 's initial decision to deploy American forces to Saudi Arabia to deter further Iraqi aggression . We supported the President 's effort in marshaling international diplomatic pressure and the most

110152240

id	110152240
date	1991-09-17
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	3966
headline	Excerpts From Committee's Hearing on the Gates Nomination

Following are excerpts from today 's hearings by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence on the nomination of Robert M. Gates to be Director of Central Intelligence , with Mr. Gates 's opening statement and questions by Senators David L. Boren , Democrat of Oklahoma , and Frank H. Murkowski , Republican of Alaska . The transcript was provided by Reuters and the Federal News Service . OPENING STATEMENT BY MR. GATES Mr. Chairman , members of the committee , it is a great honor to appear here before you as President Bush 's nominee to be Director of Central Intelligence . I want to thank him for his confidence in me and for the honor of this nomination . I am humbled by it . I welcome these confirmation hearings to address the many issues that I know you will raise . Mr. Chairman , here at the outset I want to thank you and the committee for the fair and professional treatment of my nomination . I also want to thank Senators Dole , Kassebaum , Robb and Warner for their kind introductions . I have been in public service for 25 years . I arrived in Washington 25 years ago this summer with everything I owned in the back of a 1965 Mustang , and no money . The Mustang is long gone , sold before it became a collector 's item , and I still have no money . But I am enriched by a wonderful

110150998

id	110150998
date	1991-01-13
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	3847
headline	Day 3: Remarks in Congress During the Last Hours of Debate

Following are excerpts from the debate in Congress Friday night and today on President Bush 's request for support for military action in the Persian Gulf , as transcribed by The New York Times : Senator Robert C. Byrd Democrat of West Virginia Now Mr. President , a superpower has claws and it has teeth . The superpower , as against this third world power , does n't have to be impatient or impetuous . A superpower does n't have to feel rushed . We can afford to be patient and let sanctions work . They say the morale of our soldiers will suffer . Mr. President , we should have thought about this before we proceeded to double our forces and terminate the rotation policy in the Middle East . Nothing damages morale more than early large losses of life ... Mr. President , the two economic giants of Germany and Japan have hardly spoken eloquently with their pocketbooks . They have only opted to hold our coats while we take on Hussein . Mr. President , I think this is a shame and a disgrace that Germany and Japan , two countries which will benefit far more than will the United States , two countries whose need for the oil of the Middle East far exceeds our need , will stand by and cynically watch American men and women shed their blood in the sands of the Arabian desert and refuse to help to finance in their treasury

110150789

id	110150789
date	1990-12-01
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	3805
headline	Excerpts From President's News Conference on Crisis in Gulf

Following are excerpts from President Bush 's news conference yesterday in Washington , as recorded by The New York Times : OPENING STATEMENT I have a statement -- an opening statement -- that is a little longer than normal and I 'd ask your indulgence , and then I will be glad to respond to questions . We 're in the gulf because the world must not and can not reward aggression . And we 're there because our vital interests are at stake . And we 're in the gulf because of the brutality of Saddam Hussein . We 're dealing with a dangerous dictator all too willing to use force , who has weapons of mass destruction and is seeking new ones and who desires to control one of the world 's key resources -- all at a time in history when the rules of the post-cold-war world are being written . Objectives of U.S. . Our objectives remain what they were since the outset . We seek Iraq 's immediate and unconditional withdrawal from Kuwait . We seek the restoration of Kuwait 's legitimate Government . We seek the release of all hostages and the free functioning of all embassies . And we seek the stability and security of this critical region of the world . We are not alone in these goals and objectives . The United Nations , invigorated with a new sense of purpose , is in full agreement . The United Nations Security

111641027

id	111641027
date	2002-12-08
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	16536
headline	Notable Books

This list has been selected from books reviewed since the Holiday Books issue of December 2001 . It is meant to suggest some of the high points in this year 's fiction and poetry , nonfiction , children 's books , mysteries and science fiction . The books are arranged alphabetically under genre headings . The complete reviews of these books may be found at nytimes.com/books . FICTION & POETRY ACCIDENTS IN THE HOME . By Tessa Hadley . -LRB- Holt , $ 23 . -RRB- The link between reading and adultery , refined and elaborated since Flaubert , governs affairs in this rewarding , concentrated first novel about a voraciously literate 29-year-old Englishwoman and her family and her glamorous childhood friend -LRB- and the friend 's boyfriend , who may be no reader at all -RRB- . THE ADVENTURES OF MILES AND ISABEL . By Tom Gilling . -LRB- Atlantic Monthly , $ 23 . -RRB- A beguiling novel that celebrates a young 19th-century Australian who thinks he can build a flying machine ; his opposite number , Isabel , is fairly skeptical about flight but not about love , and both of them are suckers for a good supply of dreams . AFTER NATURE . By W. G. Sebald . -LRB- Random House , $ 21.95 . -RRB- A book-length poem in which the painter Matthias Grunewald , the naturalist Georg Steller and the author himself inhabit a meditation on the sources of the catastrophic imagination , the

Topic 2

Top articles

110126310

id	110126310
date	1982-09-26
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	2551
headline	WITH RADIATION, HOW LITTLE IS TOO MUCH?

BETWEEN 1951 and 1958 , at least 97 atomic bombs were detonated above-ground in the Nevada desert . Winds carried radioactive fallout from dozens of these tests for hundreds of miles , exposing not only the soldiers assigned to maneuvers near ground zero , but distant civilian populations in surrounding states . Congressional investigations and scientific studies have suggested an association between the fallout exposure and illnesses among these groups , but the Government has consistently denied responsibility . This year , related lawsuits are forcing intense scrutiny of radiation and human health . In Salt Lake City last week , an epidemiologist testifying on behalf of 1,192 plaintiffs seeking damages for deaths and illnesses of relatives , said fallout was the probable cause of excess childhood leukemia deaths - in some areas more than three times higher than normal - in southern Utah . A former monitor of off-site radiation testified that his instruments '' went off the scale '' in a 1953 test when fallout drifted over that region . In Washington , Senator Alan K. Simpson of Wyoming agreed to hold hearings of the Committee on Veterans Affairs to focus on whether the Pentagon and Veterans Administration withheld information on 250,000 servicemen who took part in atmospheric tests between 1945 and 1963 . Four of these veterans announced last week that they would file claims against the Government and private laboratories in connection with the 1954 South Pacific test of a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb .

110156993

id	110156993
date	1994-06-19
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	379
headline	Emissions Traced From Brookhaven

Martin Blume of the Brookhaven National Laboratory denies that B.N.L. emissions of nuclear-fission products could be linked to extremely high breast cancer incidence rates within 15 miles of B.N.L. -LSB- '' Nuclear Critic and Flaws in Study , '' Letters , May 8 -RSB- . He pretends that the laboratory is located at its Upton postal address , but in reality , B.N.L. , designated by E.P.A. as a Superfund waste site , takes up five square miles in central Suffolk . He ignores the point we made that the highest single breast-cancer rate in Long Island was reported by the State Tumor Registry for the community group Brookhaven-Bellport , which is located south of B.N.L. , in accordance with '' Brookhaven Reactor Fire Raises Questions on Nuclear Hazards '' -LSB- April 10 -RSB- , referring to previous reports of radioactive contamination of B.N.L. ground water 's flowing south . The 200,000 women living within 15 miles of the B.N.L. reactor were reported to have rates 11 percent above the county average . As the co-author with Dr. E. J. Sternglass of an article soon to be published by the Long Island University School of Public Service exploring the reasons for this epidemiological anomaly , I can state as a professional statistician that the probability that the elevated rates in central Suffolk could be due to chance is less than one in 10,000 . So there must be some casual environmental factor . Brookhaven can not forgive Dr. Sternglass for

111639773

id	111639773
date	2002-05-26
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	7943
headline	Nuclear Nightmares

Not If But When : Everybody who spends much time thinking about nuclear terrorism can give you a scenario , something diabolical and , theoretically , doable . Michael A. Levi , a researcher at the Federation of American Scientists , imagines a homemade nuclear explosive device detonated inside a truck passing through one of the tunnels into Manhattan . The blast would crater portions of the New York skyline , barbecue thousands of people instantly , condemn thousands more to a horrible death from radiation sickness and -- by virtue of being underground -- would vaporize many tons of concrete and dirt and river water into an enduring cloud of lethal fallout . Vladimir Shikalov , a Russian nuclear physicist who helped clean up after the 1986 Chernobyl accident , envisioned for me an attack involving highly radioactive cesium-137 loaded into some kind of homemade spraying device , and a target that sounded particularly unsettling when proposed across a Moscow kitchen table -- Disneyland . In this case , the human toll would be much less ghastly , but the panic that would result from contaminating the Magic Kingdom with a modest amount of cesium -- Shikalov held up his teacup to illustrate how much -- would probably shut the place down for good and constitute a staggering strike at Americans ' sense of innocence . Shikalov , a nuclear enthusiast who thinks most people are ridiculously squeamish about radiation , added that personally he would still be happy

111639932

id	111639932
date	2002-06-13
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	395
headline	Pills for Nuclear Plant Radiation

Spurred by memories of Sept. 11 , more than a dozen states are beginning to acquire potassium iodide pills to protect people living or working near nuclear plants from potential radiation exposure should a terrorist attack or accident occur . Both those who are apprehensive about a terror attack and those who think , as we do , that the likelihood of a successful attack is small should welcome any effort to stockpile potassium iodide as a sensible precaution . The pills carry little risk except to those with iodine sensitivities , thyroid problems or certain rare conditions . They provide substantial protection against thyroid cancer if taken just before or within a few hours after exposure to radiation . The pills will not prevent harm from all the radioactive constituents of any plume that might emerge from a stricken plant . They protect only against the uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid . But that is no trivial matter . Studies after the 1986 accident at the Chernobyl nuclear plant in Ukraine found that thyroid cancer , especially in young children , was overwhelmingly the worst consequence to public health . Children lucky enough to be given potassium iodide largely escaped harm .

110124238

id	110124238
date	1982-03-02
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1566
headline	CANCER EXPERTS LEAN TOWARD VIGILANCE, BUT LESS ALARM, ON ENVIRONMENT

AFEW years ago , scientific concern over cancer-causing substances in the workplace and the general environment was running especially high . Experts from three Government health agencies estimated for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration that poisons in the workplace might play a role in 20 percent to 38 percent of all future cancer deaths in the United States , an astonishing leap from previous projections . And other scientists worried that poisons escaping from smokestacks , toxic waste dumps , nuclear reactors and hazardous products would cause numerous deaths among the general public as well . Hardly a week went by without some politician or environmental speaker warning of a '' cancer epidemic '' that was either already upon us or shortly on the way . Today , however , a less alarming view of the danger from carcinogenic pollutants has regained the ascendancy among cancer authorities . Some of the world 's leading cancer epidemiologists have published estimates that occupational exposures and environmental pollution are relatively minor causes of cancer compared to such personal '' lifestyle '' factors as smoking , diet , alcohol , and even sexual and reproductive behavior .

Topic 3

Top articles

110162978

id	110162978
date	1998-10-27
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1232
headline	World Briefing

EUROPE RUSSIA : CA N'T PAY DEBT -- Russia 's Government will owe $ 17.5 billion in foreign debt next year but wo n't have sufficient hard currency to pay it , unless Russia first receives international aid , said Aleksandr Zhukov , head of Parliament 's budget committee . Mr. Zhukov said tax receipts and other revenues for the first nine months of the year amounted to only 51 percent of targeted totals . -LRB- AP -RRB- RUSSIA : ELECTRICITY SHUT OFF -- At least 76 freight trains were stuck for hours on an eastern stretch of the Trans-Siberian railway after the local electricity company cut off the power for non-payment of bills . Power was restored late in the day , although there was no indication that the $ 3 million owed had been paid . -LRB- Agence France-Presse -RRB- GEORGIA : ARMY BACKING -- President Eduard She - vardnadze of Georgia , left , defended a decision to use the army to crush a military revolt last week without waiting for parliamentary approval . Mr. Shevardnadze said the revolt took place in a military unit , so the army had been responsible for re-establishing order . -LRB- Reuters -RRB- CZECH REPUBLIC : HONOR WITHDRAWN -- President Vaclav Havel has withdrawn a high Czech honor , the Order of the White Lion , which was to be given to the former Mayor of Vienna , Helmut Zilk , because of charges that he was on the payroll of

110151623

id	110151623
date	1991-06-04
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1116
headline	FRANCE WILL SIGN 1968 NUCLEAR PACT

Twenty-three years after a treaty banning the spread of nuclear weapons went into effect , France announced today that it would finally join the United States , the Soviet Union , Britain and 139 other nations as a signer of the accord . The French announcement was coupled with a package of ambitious proposals for arms control worldwide , including calls for the destruction of chemical weapons , a ban on production of biological weapons , reduction of nuclear arsenals and negotiations to limit the multi-billion-dollar trade in conventional armaments . The plan was announced by President Francois Mitterrand just days after President Bush proposed a ban on weapons of mass destruction in the Middle East . French officials said the two plans were complementary , although the French initiative favors a global approach to arms control . Both proposals are to be taken up in Paris this month at a meeting of arms control experts from the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council : the United States , the Soviet Union , China , Britain and France . Officials said the French plan was conveyed to both President Bush and the Soviet President , Mikhail S. Gorbachev , over the weekend . French officials said Mr. Bush telephoned President Mitterrand to congratulate him on France 's decision to sign the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty . The treaty , the subject of intensive negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union in the mid-1960 's , bans the

110163447

id	110163447
date	1999-02-23
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	555
headline	Rendezvous in Lahore

The city of Lahore , in the fertile plains of Punjab , lies along the route of countless ancient military invasions of the Asian Subcontinent . It was a fitting place for Prime Ministers Atal Behari Vajpayee of India and Nawaz Sharif of Pakistan to pledge a new effort over the weekend to defuse the tensions that led both to test nuclear weapons last year . Some stirring atmospherics surrounded the renewed dedication by the rival nations to resolve their differences peacefully . But many additional steps will be necessary to reduce the catastrophic potential of a nuclear conflict in this unstable region . It took courage for Mr. Vajpayee and Mr. Sharif to meet and redouble their negotiating efforts while both are under fire from extremists at home . Mr. Vajpayee 's decision to travel by bus across the border and pay the first visit to Pakistan by an Indian Prime Minister in 10 years was a rebuke to Hindu nationalists in his own ruling coalition who believe that Pakistan has fomented the Muslim rebellion in the Indian state of Kashmir . Mr. Sharif , for his part , had to mobilize the police to put down anti-India rioters during the visit . To translate the cordial expressions of Lahore into achievements , both countries must now work hard to sign a comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty , which they pledged to do last fall .

110137285

id	110137285
date	1985-10-27
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	794
headline	INDIA AND PAKISTAN EDGE A BIT CLOSER

After three wars in less than four decades India and Pakistan remain deeply suspicious of each other . But as their leaders met at the United Nations 40th anniversary celebration last week , the reconcilation process took on fresh urgency . Though few experts believe a major military conflict is imminent , Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi of India recently sharpened his criticism of Pakistan 's President , Mohammed Zia ul-Haq ; the United States is increasingly concerned about a nuclear arms race in South Asia , and this fall Indian and Pakistani troops again clashed along the disputed Kashmir border at the frozen and uninhabitable Siachen glacier . Mr. Gandhi , calling the New York meeting with General Zia '' very definitely '' productive , said talks would begin soon on improving border security and economic cooperation . Possibly more significantly , he said '' technical '' exchanges on nuclear questions were under consideration . '' Somehow we have to work together to see how to solve the problem , '' he said . Pakistan officials lauded the Indian Prime Minister as '' a man to bury the hatchet with '' and said the exchanges were intended to calm nuclear fears in both countries . However , an Indian Government spokesman later denied that exchanges on nuclear issues were planned .

111674902

id	111674902
date	2000-09-20
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	599
headline	A 'Tilt' Toward India

Two years ago , India 's nuclear tests provoked worldwide condemnation and retaliatory sanctions by the United States . Yet in recent months , culminating in Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee 's visit to Washington last weekend , the United States has drawn closer to India diplomatically than at any time since the early 1960 's . President Clinton has shaped a new foreign policy course in South Asia by embracing India and distancing the United States from Pakistan 's military government . These steps have far-reaching ramifications for all of Asia , including China , as well as for the issue of nuclear proliferation . The shift is justified by India 's growing importance . But it should be accompanied by more pressure on India to exercise nuclear restraint and defuse tensions with Pakistan . Before the end of the cold war , American foreign policy in South Asia was characterized by Richard Nixon 's famous decision that the United States should '' tilt '' toward Pakistan in its war with India in 1971 . With the withdrawal of Russian troops from Afghanistan and the collapse of the Soviet empire , the United States and India have repaired their ties . A vibrant new generation of Indian immigrants to America has contributed to an era of good feeling , as has India 's participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations . India can still be a nettlesome friend . It has fiercely criticized American positions on global warming and nuclear

Topic 4

Top articles

111646382

id	111646382
date	2005-06-09
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1269
headline	Dancing With the Dictator

THERE are hopes that President Bush 's meeting tomorrow with President Roh Moo Hyun of South Korea , coming on the heels of the latest North Korean overture on restarting nuclear-weapons negotiations , may lead to a breakthrough . However , anyone who expects the South to help us put pressure on the North has n't been paying much attention to what has happened between the two countries over the last five years . Since South Korea 's president at the time , Kim Dae Jung , met with North Korea 's Kim Jong Il in 2000 -LRB- and pocketed a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts -RRB- , Seoul has gone to remarkable lengths to gain the North 's trust . Unsurprisingly , the only real changes under this Sunshine Policy have occurred in South Korea . And efforts by President Roh , who was elected in 2002 , to engage Kim Jong Il have led him to plunge his own nation into North Korea 's world of lies . For example , Seoul no longer sees any evidence of North Korea 's crimes : the government tries to keep South Korean newscasts from showing a smuggled tape of the public execution of '' criminals '' by the North that has been broadcast in Japan and elsewhere ; reports that China is shipping refugees back to North Korea are denied by the Roh government ; the North 's testing of chemical weapons on live prisoners goes largely unmentioned ;

110152671

id	110152671
date	1991-11-18
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1430
headline	BAKER'S CHINA TRIP FAILS TO PRODUCE PLEDGE ON RIGHTS

Three days of talks between Secretary of State James A. Baker 3d and China 's leaders ended today with some limited Chinese gestures to curb missile sales but with little progress toward easing China 's suppression of human rights . Mr. Baker 's talks , which both sides suggested were quite blunt , marked the first public high-level contact between the Bush Administration and China since the Tiananmen Square massacre in June 1989 . Congress is now expected to scrutinize the limited results of the visit to determine whether it really justified the recognition it conferred on China 's hard-line leaders and whether it supports the Administration 's argument that engagement with China is more likely to change its behavior than punishment and trade sanctions . ' The Gulf Is Too Wide ' '' It has now been two and one-half years since the tragedy of Tiananmen , '' Mr. Baker said at a news conference at the close of his 18 hours of talks with China 's leaders . '' Unless we were to keep U.S.-China relations in the deep freeze forever , we had to start talking . I did not come here expecting a dramatic breakthrough . The gulf is too wide to accomplish that in one trip . '' American intelligence officials indicated that China 's senior leaders were up most of Saturday night debating what concessions to offer Mr. Baker today , after giving him virtually nothing on the first two days of his visit

111640206

id	111640206
date	2002-08-08
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	485
headline	Decoding North Korea

After years of delay , construction began yesterday on one of the two nuclear reactors that a Western consortium is building for North Korea , capping an encouraging few weeks in that country 's erratic relations with the outside world . Although President Bush called Pyongyang part of an '' axis of evil '' in January , Washington has wisely decided to explore diplomatic avenues to the extent that the North 's unpredictable behavior permits . North Korea 's leader , Kim Jong Il , has sounded reasonable before only to reverse course and embarrass advocates of engagement in Seoul and Washington . The wisest American course for now is to keep open the lines of communication to learn more about Pyongyang 's true intentions . Earlier this summer the Bush administration was preparing to resume talks on North Korea 's missile program and other issues that had been suspended after Bill Clinton left office . Then a North Korean gunboat opened fire on a South Korean vessel , killing five sailors . Seoul and Washington understandably broke off diplomatic contacts . Two weeks ago , Pyongyang issued a statement of regret over the naval incident . That cleared the way for cabinet-level talks next week between the two Koreas , the first in nearly a year . It also helped bring about a brief but cordial meeting last week between Secretary of State Colin Powell and North Korea 's foreign minister .

110164426

id	110164426
date	1999-09-18
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	377
headline	A Step Forward With North Korea

After months of threatening behavior by North Korea and tough warnings by the United States , the two countries have stepped back from a potentially dangerous confrontation . Yesterday President Clinton ordered an easing of economic sanctions against North Korea in response to the Pyongyang Government 's decision to freeze its testing of long-range missiles . The Administration 's move is not without risk , and much needs to be done to monitor the North 's behavior and to reach even broader accords to reduce tensions . But this was a welcome development that could lead to further progress toward stability in the region . North Korea is one of the most isolated , secretive and distrustful countries in the world . Since 1994 , however , when American negotiators won an agreement to let international inspectors into its main nuclear plant , the Clinton Administration has put its faith in diplomacy rather than confrontation . Then , last year , under pressure from some in Congress , Mr. Clinton recruited former Defense Secretary William Perry to review Korean policy . He and several negotiators met with North Korean delegates , most recently in Berlin , and devised the accord announced this week . The agreement will allow North Korea to purchase some consumer goods from the United States and let individuals in America transfer funds to North Koreans . These measures come on top of food aid that is already being provided by the United States , China and

111650675

id	111650675
date	2007-07-04
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	159
headline	North Korea: Hints of Nuclear Cooperation

In rare remarks on the issue , North Korea 's leader , Kim Jong-Il , indicated that he was ready to begin dismantling his country 's nuclear program , China 's official Xinhua news agency reported . '' Recently some signs of easing on the Korean Peninsula have appeared , '' Kim was quoted as saying in a meeting with China 's visiting foreign minister , Yang Jiechi . He said '' all sides should implement the initial actions '' of the accord reached in February between his country , the United States , Japan , South Korea , Russia and China under which the North pledged to scrap its nuclear program in exchange for energy aid and various diplomatic incentives . Mr. Yang arrived Monday amid hopes that Beijing would be able to get the reclusive Kim government to start honoring its commitments . United Nations nuclear inspectors and the American envoy to the six-party talks , Christopher R. Hill , visited Pyongyang , the capital , last month , but they were not able to secure meetings with Mr. Kim .

Topic 5

Top articles

110150671

id	110150671
date	1990-11-08
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1960
headline	West

ALASKA Running as an independent , Walter Hickel pulled away from a crowded field to establish an 8-percentage-point lead over his closest contender , Tony Knowles , the Democratic candidate . Mr. Hickel , as a Republican , was Governor from 1966 to 1968 . The other candidates scrambling to succeed the retiring Governor , Steve Cowper , had similar lengthy political records . Mr. Knowles was Mayor of Anchorage and Arliss Sturgulewski , the Republican candidate , spent 12 years in the State Senate . John S. Devens , the Democratic nominee for Alaska 's sole seat in the House of Representatives , gave the Republican incumbent , Don Young , a tight race , but Mr. Young managed to overcome his opposition . And Senator Ted Stevens , a Republican , was one of the first Alaskan candidates in this election to raise his arms in victory , defeating Michael Beasley , a Democat . Marijuana is again illegal in Alaska -- voters passed a ballot measure that rescinds a law allowing private use of the drug . ARIZONA J. Fife Symington , a Republican developer , and Terry Goddard , a Democrat and former Mayor of Phoenix , ran a hot and very close race for Governor -- one that may not be over . Arizona law requires a majority vote , and it appeared yesterday that the number of write-in votes might keep both candidates below the 50-percent mark , requiring a run-off between the Republican

110150667

id	110150667
date	1990-11-07
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1896
headline	The 1990 Elections: State By State; Northeast

CONNECTICUT Lowell P. Weicker Jr. , erstwhile Senate maverick , used his strong local appeal to capture the anti-incumbent fever that swept through the electorate and win the election . Running as an independent , the three-term former Senator defeated the Democratic nominee , Representative Bruce A. Morrison , and the Republican candidate , Representative John G. Rowland . The House seat abandoned by Mr. Morrison was won by Rosa DeLauro , 47 , a Democrat who has never held elective office , in a close contest with State Senator Thomas Scott , 32 , a conservative Republican . Mr. Rowland 's vacated seat was filled by fellow Republican Gary Frank , a 37-year-old alderman from Waterbury who beat Toby Moffett . a former Democratic Representative , in a close race . DELAWARE In the '' Small Wonder '' state , two well-established , well-financed incumbents faced political neophytes who were trying to take advantage of voters ' feelings against career politicians . In the race for the United States Senate , the 47-year-old Democratic incumbent , Joseph R. Biden , Jr. , faced M. Jane Brady , a 39-year-old Republican who is chief prosecutor for Sussex County . Ms. Brady called for Congress to be transformed into a citizens ' Legislature with a two-term limit ; Mr. Biden campaigned on his record . Delaware has only 297,000 registered voters ; Democrats hold a slight advantage . Fighting over Delaware 's single seat in the House was the three-term Democratic

110160183

id	110160183
date	1996-11-07
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1692
headline	WEST

ALASKA -- DOLE Alaska , where no Democratic Presidential candidate has won since 1964 , cast its three electoral votes for Bob Dole . Senator Ted Stevens dispatched his Democratic challenger , Theresa Obermeyer . Ms. Obermeyer spent 30 days in Federal custody this summer after being accused of taking a swing at a security guard at a building where Mr. Stevens was attending a meeting . She finished third , after the Green party candidate , Jed Whittaker . An anti-hunting initiative was defeated . PRESIDENT 99 % reporting Clinton -- 66,508 -- 33 % Dole -- 101,234 -- 51 % Perot -- 21,536 -- 11 % SENATE 99 % reporting Obermeyer -- 19,402 -- 10 % Stevens -- 149,475 -- 77 % Whittaker -- 24,219 -- 13 % ARIZONA -- CLINTON President Clinton became the first Democrat since Harry S. Truman to win Arizona in a Presidential election . But the state also dealt Democrats a heartbreak , when voters in the Sixth District re-elected the Republican freshman Representative J. D. Hayworth by a meager margin of fewer than 600 votes , out of more than 240,000 cast . In his first term , Mr. Hayworth , a physically imposing former television sportscaster , infuriated Democrats by his outspoken partisanship and emphatic support of the Republican House leadership . In the state 's Fifth District , Representative Jim Kolbe , a Republican who earlier this year acknowledged that he is a homosexual , was re-elected to a seventh

110160173

id	110160173
date	1996-11-03
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	2359
headline	In New York, 31 Seats for the United States House of Representatives

Except where noted , candidates are listed in the order in which they appear on the ballot . HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES First District Candidates NORA L. BREDES , 46 , Democrat . Served on the Suffolk County Legislature for the last four years and is making her first run for Congress . MICHAEL P. FORBES , 44 , Republican . Freshman incumbent who in 1994 rode a wave of anti-Clinton sentiment to beat a four-term Democrat . The District The First is the largest Congressional district geographically on Long Island , covering the eastern half of Suffolk County . Economically , it is still recovering from the loss of military jobs at the former Grumman Corporation , now merged into Northrop Grumman and once the Island 's largest employer . The Issues Mr. Forbes , an early Newt Gingrich supporter , finds himself defending the Republican Contract With America and his mixed record on environmental issues . Ms. Bredes , a leader in the battle to close the Shoreham nuclear power plant , hopes to capitalize on her history of seeking tough clean-air and water standards . Analysis Though registered Republicans outnumber Democrats by a 3-to-2 ratio in the district , Democrats have held the seat for almost all of the last 35 years . On the coattails of President Clinton , who some polls suggest has a 30 percent lead over Bob Dole on Long Island , Ms. Bredes could return the seat to the Democratic Party . Fourth

110157546

id	110157546
date	1994-11-06
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1075
headline	Races in Connecticut for Governor, Other Statewide Offices and Congress

GOVERNOR CANDIDATES WILLIAM E. CURRY JR. , 42 , Democrat . State Comptroller since 1990 , lawyer , State Senator from 1979-83 , ran unsuccessfully for the United States House of Representatives in 1982 , former political director of Freeze Voter , the political arm of the nuclear-freeze movement . EUNICE S. GROARK , 56 , A Connecticut Party . A one-time Republican , Lieutenant Governor since 1990 when she ran on the third-party ticket of Gov. Lowell P. Weicker . Lawyer , corporation counsel for Hartford from 1987-90 , and a Hartford City Councilwoman from 1981-85 . JOHN G. ROWLAND , 37 , Republican . Congressman from Waterbury from 1985-91 , barely lost the 1990 race for governor , member of House Armed Services Committee . Consultant since 1990 for several military contractors based in Connecticut . TOM SCOTT , 36 , radio talk-show host , State Senator from 1981-1991 , led anti-income tax movement in 1991 , ran unsuccessfully for United States House of Representatives in 1990 and 1992 . THE ISSUES The state income tax , imposed in 1991 , has been the central issue . Mr. Rowland and Mr. Scott promise to scrap it without raising other taxes . Mrs. Groark would not change the income tax , and Mr. Curry wants to keep it and economize elsewhere to provide money to cities and towns to cut property taxes . All candidates have called for expanded efforts to reduce crime , and all four favor the

Topic 6

Top articles

111643397

id	111643397
date	2003-11-25
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	419
headline	Iran's Nuclear Menace

The board of the International Atomic Energy Agency failed to agree last week on how best to deter Iran from developing nuclear weapons . Britain , France and Germany favored a diplomatic approach that would encourage Iran to cooperate with the agency 's inspectors while the United States pushed for a crackdown through the United Nations Security Council . Wisely , Washington has now backed down and will let the I.A.E.A. test how far Iran is willing to go . There is a struggle in Iran between those who want to cooperate with inspectors and hard-liners who seek a nuclear capability . It would be foolish to undercut the pragmatists . Iran has long been suspected of nuclear weapons ambitions , but it came as a shock to learn in recent months that it has been pursuing a clandestine nuclear program for almost two decades . Thanks to tips from Iranian opposition groups , sharp sleuthing by I.A.E.A. inspectors and increasing pressure from Western powers , Iran was finally forced to admit that it had been pursuing both uranium enrichment and plutonium reprocessing technologies , at a level of sophistication no one dreamed possible . The Iranians contended , implausibly , that these programs were designed for civilian nuclear fuel , but surely there would be no need to conceal and lie about them if they were truly benign . Some experts think Iran could make a bomb in a couple of years if it pressed ahead vigorously .

111659590

id	111659590
date	2010-12-23
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	143
headline	Iran's New Foreign Minister Appears in Istanbul

Ali Akbar Salehi made his first international appearance as Iran 's foreign minister on Wednesday at an economic summit meeting in Istanbul . Mr. Salehi , a former head of the Iranian Atomic Energy Council , was named to replace Manouchehr Mottaki last week in a surprise move by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad of Iran , who also attended the Istanbul meeting . Mr. Salehi reiterated his trust in Turkey 's diplomatic efforts to help find a resolution in coming talks over Iran 's nuclear program between Iranian officials and the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council -- the United States , Britain , France , Russia and China , as well as Germany . Turkey is hosting the meeting . When Mr. Salehi was named to the new post , some Iran observers speculated that Mr. Ahmadinejad might try to replace him with a permanent candidate from his inner circle .

111650927

id	111650927
date	2007-08-30
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	485
headline	No Time for Threats

French President Nicolas Sarkozy made the wrong gesture at the wrong time by brandishing the possible use of force against Iran 's nuclear weapons program in his first major foreign policy address . The United States and its allies need to be stepping up their efforts to resolve the serious dangers posed by Iran through comprehensive negotiations and increased international economic pressure , not by talking about military action . Mr. Sarkozy , who has previously said that France would not join Washington in military action against Iran , did not exactly endorse an attack on Iran 's nuclear facilities in Monday 's speech . He asserted that a nuclear-armed Iran would be '' unacceptable '' and reaffirmed support for the ongoing diplomatic initiative by the United States , France and other world powers . That initiative involves the imposition of U.N.-mandated sanctions against Iran while offering significant political and economic benefits if Iran stops enriching uranium . It is a deal Tehran so far has refused .

111649989

id	111649989
date	2007-02-23
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1007
headline	What Scares Iran's Mullahs?

IRAN has once again defied the United Nations by proceeding with enrichment activities , the International Atomic Energy Agency reported yesterday . And yet , simultaneously , Iranian officials have been sending a very different message -- one that has gone largely unremarked but merits close attention . After a meeting with the supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei , the leader 's chief foreign policy adviser , Ali Akbar Velayati , declared last week that suspending uranium enrichment is not a red line for the regime -- in other words , the mullahs might be ready to agree to some kind of a suspension . Another powerful insider , Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani , said much the same thing in a different setting , while a third high-ranking official acknowledged that the Islamic Republic is seriously considering a proposal by President Vladimir Putin of Russia to suspend enrichment at least long enough to start serious negotiations with the United Nations .

111646930

id	111646930
date	2005-09-21
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1195
headline	Iran Warns Against Referral Of Nuclear Issue to the U.N.

Iran 's chief nuclear negotiator warned Tuesday that the country would resume enriching uranium and restrict United Nations inspectors from critical information if the United States and its allies used the '' language of threat '' by referring Iran to the Security Council . The negotiator 's threat , which appeared to be backed by Iran 's supreme religious leader , Ayatollah Ali Khamenei , came as a confidential draft resolution circulating at the governing board of the International Atomic Energy Agency included a call for the Security Council to take up '' Iran 's many failures and breaches of its obligations . '' But the draft makes no specific reference to sanctions , which are still opposed by China and Russia , both of which hold veto power in the Council . A copy of the resolution was provided to The New York Times by an official involved in the behind-the-scenes diplomacy over how the board should deal with Iran at its meeting this week .

Topic 7

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110151854

id	110151854
date	1991-07-13
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1399
headline	U.S. GIVES SOVIETS A NEW PROPOSAL FOR NUCLEAR PACT

Secretary of State James A. Baker 3d presented Foreign Minister Aleksandr A. Bessmertnykh of the Soviet Union with a new approach today for settling the issues holding up a nuclear arms reduction treaty , but the two ministers wrangled over the details all day , Administration officials said . The two sides broke up their third day of talks late in the evening and scheduled an unexpected bargaining session for Saturday . One official said that Mr. Baker and Mr. Bessmertnykh appeared to be narrowing their differences on two critical issues : how to define new types of missiles for the purposes of the treaty and how to monitor each other 's missile tests to insure compliance with the treaty . But the third and final major issue -- '' downloading , '' or how many spare spaces for warheads each side can keep on its missiles -- remained an obstacle , with the Soviets rejecting Mr. Baker 's proposals . All or Nothing In proposing a new , comprehensive approach for settling the treaty issues , the Americans told the Soviets that they must accept the plan in full , officials said , or its separate elements would be invalid . The package incorporates some of the new proposals that Mr. Bessmertnykh brought from Moscow . Mr. Baker and Mr. Bessmertnykh are to meet on Saturday to see if they can finally close the treaty . American officials said they could not predict whether the ministers would reach agreement

110154790

id	110154790
date	1993-01-01
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1075
headline	Ukraine, Stumbling Block at End of Nuclear Race

As President Bush and President Boris N. Yeltsin of Russia prepare to sign a treaty cutting deep into their nuclear arsenals , Ukraine has been tugging at their sleeves with an awkward and unwelcome question : How much will it cost to get rid of weapons of mass destruction , and who is going to foot the bill ? The United States has pledged $ 800 million to help the states of the former Soviet Union cope with the enormous task of dismantling a vast arsenal of chemical , nuclear and biological weapons . But diplomats here say the cost is likely to be considerably greater . In Moscow this week , a Ukrainian diplomat told reporters that the cost to Ukraine alone will be more than $ 1.5 billion , a sum he called on the international community to pay . Some experts say that Ukraine 's hesitations about renouncing its nuclear status are already casting a pall over the new Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty , known as Start II , even before it is signed in Moscow this weekend . Lisbon Pacts Await Approval Concerns about costs , but also about Ukrainian security , are the main reasons the Ukrainian Parliament has balked at ratification of arms-reduction agreements reached earlier this year in Lisbon . There , all four of the Soviet Union 's successor states with nuclear weapons -- Russia , Ukraine , Kazakhstan and Belarus -- agreed to abide by Start I , which made the

110152795

id	110152795
date	1991-12-09
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1178
headline	The Union Is Buried: What's Being Born?

Ever since the August coup d'etat , the Soviet Union has been dying a lingering death , its final agony stretched over months of crisis and negotiations while it was kept alive largely by the frantic faith of one man , Mikhail S. Gorbachev , the Soviet President . Today , the union died -- if future historians will accept a death warrant signed by the patient itself as proof , which is how the leaders of Russia , Ukraine and Byelorussia intended their statement , signed in the Byelorussian border town of Brest , to be read . The Brest statement does not reckon with Mr. Gorbachev ; it simply ignores him , which only made his appearance tonight on Soviet television all the more poignant as he once again pleaded , cajoled and banged his fists , making the case that without a union the country will fall apart . But for some time now , Mr. Gorbachev 's warnings have had a hollow ring , since for most people , the collapse he keeps warning about has already happened . This is a fact they can confirm with their daily lives , as they go to factories that have run out of materials , to office jobs where they have stopped getting salaries or to shops where there are no goods . A Fresh Start ? By sweeping the old structures out of the way , President Boris N. Yeltsin of Russia , President Leonid M. Kravchuk

110152596

id	110152596
date	1991-11-04
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	480
headline	The Soviet Disunion's Missiles

The disintegration of the Soviet Union has left hundreds of nuclear arms in republics eager for independence . That risks perilous proliferation . The world was reassured by the republics ' initial virtuous commitment to become nuclear-free . Now , however , nationalism is pushing them in the opposite direction . The breakdown of authority at all levels of Soviet government makes prompt U.S. action imperative . Yet the Bush Administration has failed to press for ratification of a strategic arms treaty that makes deep cuts in these arms . With the Start treaty in place , Washington could quickly agree to deeper cuts eliminating the missiles outside Russia . And it could insist on isolation of any republic that insisted on keeping nuclear arms . What is the President waiting for ? No good can come of permitting nuclear arms to fall under local control in a region with uncertain borders and long-suppressed ethnic rivalries . A nuclear-armed Ukraine would cause special alarm not only in Russia , but also in neighboring Lithuania , Poland and Germany . Of special concern to the U.S. are long-range missiles based in Kazakhstan , the Ukraine and Byelorussia . Washington took heart from a grass-roots anti-nuclear movement that prompted the parliaments in all three republics to declare nuclear-free status . Washington expected them to turn their arms over to Russia , and even negotiated a Start treaty provision to facilitate that . But irked by Russian pressure , the republics have had

110134625

id	110134625
date	1984-12-02
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	754
headline	MR. REAGAN, GENEVA IS NOT APPOMATTOX

The meeting between Secretary of State George P. Shultz and Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei A. Gromyko scheduled for early January offers President Reagan a unique opportunity to get the arms control agreement he now describes as his first priority . The Soviet Union has agreed to talk , without conditions , about '' the entire complex of questions concerning nuclear and space weapons . '' In order to agree to meet for this purpose , the Soviet leaders have had to swallow a year 's worth of verbiage . They walked out of the talks on intermediate-range nuclear missiles in Europe when deployment of United States Pershing 2 and ground - launched cruise missiles began last November . Then they refused to set a date for resumption of the strategic arms reductions talks on intercontinental ballistic missiles , submarine - launched ballistic missiles and strategic bombers . Until last week , they had insisted on removal of all United States missiles from Europe as the price for their return . Does the evident Soviet eagerness to get back to the bargaining table constitute a victory for President Reagan 's policy of talking tough and presenting tough negotiating demands ? It may - if he knows how to be a good winner . Konstantin U. Chernenko and his colleagues are clearly concerned about having to match United States technology in a competition in space weapons . Moreover , the stagnant Soviet economy will be hard put to bear the heavy costs

Topic 8

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111672495

id	111672495
date	2013-09-15
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1012
headline	Paid Notice: Deaths MARCUS, PHILIP I.

MARCUS -- Dr. Philip I. , of Storrs , CT , passed away on Sunday , September 1 , 2013 at the age of eighty-six . He spent the past forty-four years on the faculty at UConn , known to many as a compassionate professor who donated his time unselfishly to colleagues and students . He was born June 3 , 1927 in Springfield , MA ; the son of Julius Marcus and Marley Spier -LRB- Sheffield , England -RRB- , and the brother of Maxine Altshuler , and Emil Marcus , who all predeceased him . In 1945 he graduated Springfield Technical High School , the STEM system of its time . During WWII , while in high school , he worked at the great forges in the Springfield Armory immortalized by Longfellow 's poem '' The Arsenal at Springfield . '' He enlisted in the Army Specialized Training Reserve Program and was assigned in 1945 to attend UConn in Storrs , CT. . After six months each at UConn and UMaine -LRB- in Orono -RRB- he had earned two years of college credit . Assigned to active duty in the US Air Force and stationed in Istres , France , he rose to the level of staff sergeant within a year . The GI Bill enabled him to attend college , the first in his family to do so . He received degrees from the : University of Southern California -LRB- B.S. in Bacteriology , 1950

111672494

id	111672494
date	2013-09-15
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1011
headline	Paid Notice: Deaths MARCUS, DR. PHILIP I.

MARCUS -- Dr. Philip I. , of Storrs , CT , passed away on Sunday , September 1 , 2013 at the age of eighty-six . He spent the past forty-four years on the faculty at UConn , known to many as a compassionate professor who donated his time unselfishly to colleagues and students . He was born June 3 , 1927 in Springfield , MA ; the son of Julius Marcus and Marley Spier -LRB- Sheffield , England -RRB- , and the brother of Maxine Altshuler , and Emil Marcus , who all predeceased him . In 1945 he graduated Springfield Technical High School , the STEM system of its time . During WWII , while in high school , he worked at the great forges in the Springfield Armory immortalized by Longfellow 's poem '' The Arsenal at Springfield . '' He enlisted in the Army Specialized Training Reserve Program and was assigned in 1945 to attend UConn in Storrs , CT. . After six months each at UConn and UMaine -LRB- in Orono -RRB- he had earned two years of college credit . Assigned to active duty in the US Air Force and stationed in Istres , France , he rose to the level of staff sergeant within a year . The GI Bill enabled him to attend college , the first in his family to do so . He received degrees from the : University of Southern California -LRB- B.S. in Bacteriology , 1950 -RRB- ;

111672625

id	111672625
date	2013-09-22
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	1005
headline	Paid Notice: Deaths MARCUS, DR. PHILIP I.

MARCUS -- Dr. Philip I. , of Storrs , CT , passed away on Sunday , September 1 , 2013 at the age of 86 . He spent the past 44 years on the faculty at UConn , known to many as a compassionate professor who donated his time unselfishly to colleagues and students . He was born June 3 , 1927 in Springfield , MA ; the son of Julius Marcus and Marley Spier -LRB- Sheffield , England -RRB- , and the brother of Maxine Altshuler , and Emil Marcus , who all predeceased him . In 1945 he graduated Springfield Technical High School , the STEM system of its time . During WWII , while in high school , he worked at the great forges in the Springfield Armory immortalized by Longfellow 's poem '' The Arsenal at Springfield . '' He enlisted in the Army Specialized Training Reserve Program and was assigned in 1945 to attend UConn in Storrs , CT. . After six months each at UConn and UMaine -LRB- in Orono -RRB- he had earned two years of college credit . Assigned to active duty in the US Air Force and stationed in Istres , France , he rose to the level of staff sergeant within a year . The GI Bill enabled him to attend college , the first in his family to do so . He received degrees from the : Univ. of Southern California -LRB- B.S. in Bacteriology , 1950 -RRB- ;

111664915

id	111664915
date	2012-02-29
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	907
headline	Paid Notice: Deaths FISCHER, JAMES J.

FISCHER -- James J. M.D. , Ph.D. 1936-2012 . James J. Fischer , Chairman of the Department of Therapeutic Radiology at the Yale School of Medicine from 1972-2002 , died suddenly with his Nikes on while running on the beach near his home in Madison on February 22 , 2012 . Dr. Fischer was born in Hazelton on August 17 , 1936 and grew up in Pennsylvania . He received his B.S. from Yale in Biophysics , magna cum laude , in 1957 . He received his medical degree from Harvard in 1961 and continued graduate work there , earning a PhD in 1964 under the mentorship of Oleg Jardetsky . During this period he conducted pioneering studies on the use of nuclear magnetic resonance to study enzyme complexes , publishing a seminal paper on the topic in Nature in 1963 . He then returned to Yale in 1964-65 for an internship in Internal Medicine under the legendary Paul Beeson , followed by training as a Clinical and Research Fellow in the Department of Radiology at a time when the diagnostic and therapeutic divisions were in a single department . Dr. Fischer joined the Yale faculty as an assistant professor in the Department of Radiology in 1968 and was promoted to associate professor in 1970 . In 1972 , when radiation therapy became a freestanding department , Dr. Fischer was named as the Robert E. Hunter Professor and Chairman of the Department of Therapeutic Radiology . He held this

111664919

id	111664919
date	2012-02-29
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	906
headline	Paid Notice: Deaths FISCHER, JAMES J. M.D.

FISCHER -- James J. M.D. , Ph.D. 1936-2012 . James J. Fischer , Chairman of the Department of Therapeutic Radiology at the Yale School of Medicine from 1972-2002 , died suddenly with his Nikes on while running on the beach near his home in Madison on February 22 , 2012 . Dr. Fischer was born in Hazelton on August 17 , 1936 and grew up in Pennsylvania . He received his B.S. from Yale in Biophysics , magna cum laude , in 1957 . He received his medical degree from Harvard in 1961 and continued graduate work there , earning a PhD in 1964 under the mentorship of Oleg Jardetsky . During this period he conducted pioneering studies on the use of nuclear magnetic resonance to study enzyme complexes , publishing a seminal paper on the topic in Nature in 1963 . He then returned to Yale in 1964-65 for an internship in Internal Medicine under the legendary Paul Beeson , followed by training as a Clinical and Research Fellow in the Department of Radiology at a time when the diagnostic and therapeutic divisions were in a single department . Dr. Fischer joined the Yale faculty as an assistant professor in the Department of Radiology in 1968 and was promoted to associate professor in 1970 . In 1972 , when radiation therapy became a freestanding department , Dr. Fischer was named as the Robert E. Hunter Professor and Chairman of the Department of Therapeutic Radiology . He held this position

Topic 9

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110058595

id	110058595
date	1954-03-30
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	783
headline	New Hydrogen Explosion Is set Off in Pacific Tests; HYDROGEN BLAST SET OFF IN TESTS

WASHINGTON , March 29 -- Another successful hydrogen blast -- the second in less than four weeks -- was set off last Friday by United States scientists in the Marshall Islands . The official word came this evening from Rear Admiral Lewis L. Strauss , chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission , who returned to Washington this morning from the Pacific proving ground .

110115917

id	110115917
date	1979-06-21
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	61
headline	Nuclear Device Tested

YUCCA FLAT , Nev. , June 20 -LRB- UPI -RRB- -- A low-yield weapons-related nuclear device was detonated today 1,100 feet beneath the Nevada Test Site . The test , code-named Chess , was not felt in Las Vegas 95 miles south of Yucca Flat and no radiation leaked into the atmosphere , a Department of Energy spokesman said . Chess had a yield of less than 20,000 kilotons .

111663582

id	111663582
date	2011-11-01
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	430
headline	Nov. 1, 1952 | First Hydrogen Bomb Test

On Nov. 1 , 1952 , the United States conducted its first nuclear test of a fusion device , or '' hydrogen bomb , '' at Eniwetok in the Marshall Islands . News of the event surfaced more than two weeks later , when The New York Times reported : '' The Atomic Energy Commission announced tonight ' satisfactory ' experiments in hydrogen weapon research In a three-paragraph announcement , the Commission did not go so far as to state that a full-scale hydrogen bomb had been detonated , but it did say ' experiments contributing ' to hydrogen bomb research had been completed . '' The origins of the hydrogen bomb date to the early 1940s , when the Italian-born physicist Enrico Fermi suggested to the Hungarian-born Edward Teller that a weapon based on nuclear fission was possible . Dr. Teller , a member of the Manhattan Project assigned to build the atomic bomb for the Allies , advocated for a hydrogen '' super bomb '' instead .

110159971

id	110159971
date	1996-09-08
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	4533
headline	FILM

Here is a selective guide to coming cultural events in New York and beyond . Events that are starred are those that Times critics consider particularly noteworthy . Unless indicated otherwise , all dates listed are for openings , all addresses are in Manhattan and all telephone numbers have a 212 area code . Addresses for locations in New York City cited more than once appear on page 80 . September '' AMERICAN BUFFALO '' David Mamet 's verbally charged 1975 play about losers planning a pawnshop heist stars Dustin Hoffman , Dennis Franz and Sean Nelson . Friday . '' BROTHER OF SLEEP '' Joseph Vilsmaier -LRB- '' Stalingrad '' -RRB- directed this dreamlike romantic drama about miraculous musical powers found in an isolated Alpine village in the early 1800 's . With Andre Eisermann . In German , with English subtitles . Friday . '' FEELING MINNESOTA '' Two brothers -LRB- Keanu Reeves and Vincent D'Onofrio -RRB- fall in love with the same woman -LRB- Cameron Diaz -RRB- in this darkly comic love story . Friday . '' FLY AWAY HOME '' Call it '' Canadians Who Run With the Geese . '' Carroll Ballard -LRB- '' The Black Stallion '' and '' Never Cry Wolf '' -RRB- directed this story of a Canadian artist -LRB- Jeff Daniels -RRB- and his daughter -LRB- Anna Paquin -RRB- who teach geese to migrate . Friday . '' GRACE OF MY HEART '' The odyssey of a Carole King-like singer-songwriter -LRB-

110119347

id	110119347
date	1980-08-01
medium	New York Times (leads)
length	75
headline	Nuclear Device Tested in Nevada

YUCCA FLAT , Nev. , July 31 -LRB- UPI -RRB- -- A nuclear weapon with a maximum yield of 20 kilotons , or 20,000 tons of TNT , was detonated this morning at the Nevada Test Site . The test was not announced in advance . It was not felt in Las Vegas , about 70 miles away . A spokesman for the Department of Energy said that the test had been successful and that no radiation had leaked into the atmosphere .