Annual Population Growth since 2000 - Australia

Introduction:

Australia being the sixth largest country in the world, still has a population of 25.36 million only, according to the stats of 2019. Let’s explore the trends and change in population growth of the country over past 20 years by understanding the main cause behind the changes in population growth and to observing the distribution of various type of age groups divided accross the country.

With the help of this graph, following points can be inferred:

• Population increased till year end of 2008

• Constant decline in population growth rate observed since year 2009 beginning

• Current population growth rate is 1.147

Understanding Birthrate

• Slight increase in birthrate observed till 2009

• Diminishing birthrate from 2010

• Overall birthrate remains stable throughout the years as it remains within the range of 12.5 to 15.

Understanding Deathrate

• Since year 2000, deathrate is dropping constantly

• Deathrate observed to be extremely low when compared with birthrate

• Overall death rate ranges between 0.6 and 0.7

• Current deathrate slightly higher than previously observed deathrate

Fertility Rate

• Maximum fertility rate observed in 2009 with a value of 1.942

• Fertility rate increased 0.03 percent every year till 2009 and started dropping from 2010 onwards

• No major change observed as the rate varies in the range of 1.7 to 2

Main Cause of Population Growth

• Similar trend observed for the population growth due to migration (since this trend matched overall population distribution trend over the years accross Australia as shown previously)

• Population growth without migration was found to be changing within the range of 0.5 to 0.8

• Most essential factor towards population growth observed to be migration

• Population growth of Australia majorly affected by migration

Exploring Age Distribution

• Maximum number of mid-age people i.e., people between 15 to 64 years observed as compared to young and old aged people

• Increasing number of people in all age groups

• Another factor contributing to increase in population growth of the country is the maximum number of middle age group people

• This also reveals that people migrating to Australia mainly fall under young age category

Population Distribution by State

• Most densely populated state of Australia is New South Wales with 8.1 million people

• Victoria with 6.6 million population count was the second most populated state

• This shows after migration, people prefer to locate themselves in states like New South Wales and Victoria

Population Distribution by Cities

• Looking at the stats for cities with largest population, Sydney and Melbourne were found to be highly populated with 5.36M and 5.15M people respectively

• Least population observed in Darwin

• This indicates that people mostly prefer to reside and migrate to the capital cities of NSW and Victoria

Conclusion:

After exploring various factors such as fertility rate, birth rate, death rate, migration, and distribution of people to determine its impact on population growth of Australia, it can be concluded that migration and people that fall under the age group of 15-64 are mainly responsible for change in population growth over the years. Also, after migrating, people tend to reside in Sydney and Melbourne.