Document History

Original Publish Date: 21st May, 2021

Updated on: 21 May, 2021


  • Variables are

  • mp_aligned=Variable coded 1 if the incumbent state legislator in a given state assembly constituency shares the partisan affiliation of the incumbent national legislator in the national parliamentary constituency that contains thestate assembly constituency, and 0 otherwise. If the incumbent state and national legislators are both independents, this variable is coded as 0.

  • forcing=The winning margin of the candidate in a given state assembly constituency that shares the partisan affiliation of the incumbent national legislator in the national parliamentary constituency that contains the state assembly constituency. This variable is positive in the case where a state candidate aligned with the local MP’s party won and negative in the case where a state candidate aligned with the local MP’s party lost. The variable is coded as missing for all state assembly constituencies where no candidate affliated with the local MPs party contested.

  • allot_increase=A dummy variable equal to 1 in the period after the fiscal year beginning April 1st, 2012 when the annual allotment per MP increased from 20 million rupees to 50 million rupees.

  • urban :-project located in urban area

  • multiple:-A dummy variable coded 1 if the project was located in multiple different rural and/or urban units. The variable is coded on the basis of whether the description of the location of the public work available on the MPLADS online monitoring system mentioned more than one location.


FOR GE 15TH LOKSABHA

MPLADS NO.OF PROJECTS

CLUSTERED SE CONSTITUENCY

  • Data available for States:-‘bihar’,‘chhattisgarh’,‘jharkhand’, ‘madhya pradesh’,‘rajasthan’, ‘uttar pradesh’, ‘uttarakhand’
Dependent variable:
Number of Projects
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Dynast -2.737 -17.050 12.551 16.038
(38.804) (34.950) (40.109) (36.591)
Turnout Percentage 6.309** 5.881** 2.167 1.859
(3.016) (2.438) (2.979) (2.461)
Enop -37.573** -38.069*** -30.582* -21.444
(16.442) (14.465) (16.176) (14.749)
MP Aligned 11.435 8.572 -86.191 -77.237
(95.075) (93.246) (60.351) (58.658)
Log(Electors) -150.200 -83.278 -118.470 -45.533
(180.815) (168.274) (217.170) (206.389)
Fixed effects Project Year State ProjectYear&State
Clustered SE Constituency Constituency Constituency Constituency
Observations 154 154 154 154
R2 0.089 0.341 0.202 0.426
Adjusted R2 0.058 0.285 0.140 0.349
Residual Std. Error 232.194 (df = 148) 202.284 (df = 141) 221.831 (df = 142) 192.958 (df = 135)
Note: p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Project Expenditure

CLUSTERED SE CONSTITUENCY

Dependent variable:
Project Expenditure
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Dynast -0.177 -0.210 -0.657 -0.679
(0.461) (0.466) (0.444) (0.442)
Turnout Percentage -0.067** -0.068** -0.061** -0.058*
(0.027) (0.028) (0.029) (0.030)
Enop 0.152 0.162 0.218 0.316
(0.311) (0.313) (0.337) (0.316)
MP Aligned 0.798 0.744 0.603 0.520
(0.670) (0.626) (0.515) (0.457)
Log(Electors) 2.179 2.235 -1.294 -1.350
(2.913) (3.003) (1.864) (1.874)
Forcing -1.513 -1.401 -2.075 -1.834
(2.635) (2.436) (2.504) (2.282)
Allotment Increase 0.039 0.156 -0.061 0.023
(0.514) (0.630) (0.413) (0.842)
Urban -0.109 0.014 0.041 0.216
(0.573) (0.513) (0.395) (0.347)
Multiple 16.790*** 16.824*** 16.229*** 16.189***
(4.538) (4.578) (4.703) (4.765)
Fixed effects Project Year State ProjectYear&State
Clustered SE Constituency Constituency Constituency Constituency
Observations 18,909 18,909 18,909 18,909
R2 0.008 0.010 0.015 0.018
Adjusted R2 0.007 0.009 0.014 0.017
Residual Std. Error 10.898 (df = 18899) 10.886 (df = 18887) 10.858 (df = 18893) 10.843 (df = 18881)
Note: p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

CLUSTERED SE BLOCK

Dependent variable:
Project Expenditure
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Dynast -0.177 -0.210 -0.657*** -0.679***
(0.229) (0.232) (0.210) (0.211)
Turnout Percentage -0.067*** -0.068*** -0.061*** -0.058***
(0.017) (0.017) (0.019) (0.019)
Enop 0.152 0.162 0.218 0.316*
(0.174) (0.172) (0.176) (0.166)
MP Aligned 0.797** 0.743** 0.603* 0.520*
(0.391) (0.371) (0.320) (0.297)
Log(Electors) 2.181 2.238 -1.294 -1.350
(1.644) (1.697) (1.102) (1.115)
Forcing -1.510 -1.399 -2.075 -1.834
(1.678) (1.607) (1.578) (1.504)
Allotment Increase 0.039 0.157 -0.061 0.023
(0.277) (0.616) (0.216) (0.760)
Urban -0.110 0.013 0.041 0.216
(0.567) (0.502) (0.340) (0.291)
Multiple 16.789*** 16.823*** 16.229*** 16.189***
(3.832) (3.838) (3.884) (3.902)
Fixed effects Project Year State ProjectYear&State
Clustered SE Block Block Block Block
Observations 18,908 18,908 18,908 18,908
R2 0.008 0.010 0.015 0.018
Adjusted R2 0.007 0.009 0.014 0.017
Residual Std. Error 10.898 (df = 18898) 10.887 (df = 18886) 10.858 (df = 18892) 10.843 (df = 18880)
Note: p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

Days to Sanction Project

CLUSTERED SE CONSTITUENCY

Dependent variable:
Days to Sanction
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Dynast -2.537 0.016 -3.852 -1.034
(9.963) (9.923) (8.787) (8.621)
Turnout Percentage 0.872 1.006 -0.415 -0.277
(1.032) (1.009) (0.862) (0.806)
Enop 13.956* 14.203* 3.824 6.054
(8.280) (8.164) (9.079) (8.645)
MP Aligned 7.271 3.587 7.043 3.144
(13.455) (13.373) (10.936) (10.559)
Log(Electors) 68.617 71.416 44.321 47.382
(71.561) (71.757) (65.792) (65.376)
Forcing -83.928* -62.668 -97.565*** -73.545**
(47.561) (45.997) (36.775) (34.561)
Allotment Increase -18.812** 13.987 -23.495*** 0.940
(7.980) (25.986) (8.260) (25.821)
Urban 15.778 -1.031 10.438 -6.362
(19.204) (9.860) (18.776) (11.575)
Multiple -49.808* -53.037** -50.833*** -56.159***
(27.396) (25.154) (15.381) (14.189)
Fixed effects Project Year State ProjectYear&State
Clustered SE Constituency Constituency Constituency Constituency
Observations 18,446 18,446 18,446 18,446
R2 0.029 0.162 0.087 0.218
Adjusted R2 0.029 0.161 0.087 0.217
Residual Std. Error 114.509 (df = 18436) 106.389 (df = 18424) 111.025 (df = 18430) 102.787 (df = 18418)
Note: p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01

CLUSTERED SE BLOCK

Dependent variable:
Days to Sanction
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Dynast -2.540 0.013 -3.852 -1.033
(4.777) (4.666) (4.414) (4.356)
Turnout Percentage 0.872 1.006* -0.415 -0.278
(0.568) (0.555) (0.478) (0.447)
Enop 13.964*** 14.213*** 3.825 6.056
(3.845) (3.781) (5.379) (5.141)
MP Aligned 7.251 3.561 7.024 3.120
(11.822) (11.758) (9.786) (9.437)
Log(Electors) 68.701* 71.519* 44.438 47.519
(40.855) (41.405) (38.249) (38.495)
Forcing -83.858* -62.576 -97.491*** -73.452**
(43.521) (42.525) (37.546) (35.662)
Allotment Increase -18.805*** 14.011 -23.485*** 0.970
(4.080) (22.424) (4.388) (21.747)
Urban 15.771 -1.037 10.428 -6.372
(17.555) (7.044) (16.099) (7.191)
Multiple -49.833** -53.071*** -50.848*** -56.178***
(20.787) (18.879) (11.748) (9.934)
Fixed effects Project Year State ProjectYear&State
Clustered SE Block Block Block Block
Observations 18,445 18,445 18,445 18,445
R2 0.029 0.162 0.087 0.218
Adjusted R2 0.029 0.161 0.087 0.217
Residual Std. Error 114.511 (df = 18435) 106.389 (df = 18423) 111.027 (df = 18429) 102.787 (df = 18417)
Note: p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01