Primary outcome
- All-cause mortality
Metodos
Estrategia de búsqueda
Búsqueda electrónica
Nuestra búsqueda de literatura fue diseñada por el equipo que mantiene la plataforma L · OVE (https://app.iloveevidence.com), utilizando el siguiente enfoque:
Identificación de términos relevantes para la población y componentes de intervención de la estrategia de búsqueda, utilizando tecnología Word2vec [Github repository [Internet] [Accessed 2020 May 24 Available from: https://github.com/dperezrada/keywords2vec] al corpus de documentos disponibles en la Base de Datos Epistemonikos.
Discusión de términos con expertos en contenido y métodos para identificar términos relevantes, irrelevantes y faltantes.
Creación de una estrategia booleana sensible que abarque todos los términos relevantes.
Análisis iterativo de artículos omitidos por la estrategia booleana y refinamiento de la estrategia en consecuencia.
Nuestra principal fuente de búsqueda fue la base de datos Epistemonikos (https://www.epistemonikos.org), una base de datos completa de revisiones sistemáticas y otros tipos de evidencia [Epistemonikos Database Methods [Internet] Santiago: Epistemonikos Foundation [Accessed 2021 May 14] Available from: https://www.epistemonikos.org/en/about_us/methods ] que la hemos complementado con información proveniente de 33 fuentes relevantes para COVID-19. La lista de fuentes que se han agregado a la base de datos de Epistemonikos se amplía continuamente. Esta lista de fuentes que Epistemonikos analiza periódicamente para detectar COVID-19 se actualiza periódicamente en nuestro sitio web [Methods for the special L·OVE of Coronavirus infection [Internet] Santiago: Epistemonikos Foundation [Accessed 2020 May 24] Available from: https://app.iloveevidence.com/covid-19]
Criterios de eligibilidad
Los criterios de eligibilidad fueron desarrollados por la colaboración BESSI, quienes utilizando la base de datos L · OVE (https://app.iloveevidence.com) identificaron los estudios relevantes bajo los siguientes criterios:
Tipos de estudios
Ensayos aleatorios que informan el efecto de las intervenciones BESS sobre la transmisión del SARS-CoV-2 o los comportamientos que pueden afectar la adquisición o propagación del SARS-CoV-2 fueron incluidos.
Tipos de participantes Tipos de intervenciones Tipos de desenlaces
Secondary outcomes
- Mechanical ventilation
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- Length of hospital stay
- Respiratory failure
- Serious adverse events
- Time to SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR negativity
Other outcomes
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Total adverse events
Selección de los estudios
Extracción de datos
Riesgo de sesgo
Estrategia para la sintesis de evidencia
Evaluación de la certeza de la evidencia
Resultados
Resultados de la búsqueda
X X X X X
Descripción de los estudios incluidos
Two trials (n=250) evaluated lopinavir/ritonavir in addition to standard care versus standard care alone in adult inpatients from China [31],[32]. Both trials included patients with radiologically confirmed pneumonia. One trial had additional criteria of severity [31] and the other only required the presence of symptoms [32]. Table 1 presents the inclusion criteria. Table 2 presents the characteristics of the intervention. Table 3 presents the baseline characteristics of the participants.
Tabla 1: Criterio de inclusión de los estudios
| Authors | Age | Confirmation method | Clinical or severity parameters | Radiological findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henning Bundgaard | Adultos y jovenes | RT-PCR | SaO2 < 94% or PaFi <300 | Pneumonia confirmed by chest imaging |
| Gyula Seres | prueba de inclusión | RT-PCR | Participants with mild (no signs of pneumonia on imaging) or moderate clinical status (pneumonia on imaging plus specific symptoms and/or laboratory findings) | Not an inclusion criteria |
Tabla 2: Caracteristicas de la intervención
| Authors | Intervention | Dose | Duration | Standard care |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henning Bundgaard | Lopinavir/ritonavir | 400mg/100mg bid | 14 days | Supplemental oxygen, noninvasive and invasive ventilation, antibiotic agents, vasopressor support, renal-replacement therapy, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. |
| Gyula Seres | Lopinavir/ritonavir | 200mg/50m bid | 7-14 days | Supportive care and effective oxygen therapy, without antiviral therapy. Corticosteroids (same regime in both groups). Gamma globulin (same regime in both groups) |
Tabla 3: Caracteristicas de los pacientes
| Authors | Number randomised | Geographic location and Setting | Mean age (years) | Females in study, % | Time from onset to treatment, days | Pneumonia,% | Amount of supplemental oxygen (%) | Receiving mechanical ventilation (%) | Underlying chronic diseases (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henning Bundgaard | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Gyula Seres | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Riesgo de sesgo de los estudios incluidos
(solo para aquellos estudios que entregan datos)
Summary plots
Traffic light plots
UNO DE ESTOS PARA CADA DESENLACE
Metanalisis dicotomico
Meta-analysis for DESENLACE DICOTOMICO for BESSI in use of Masks.
Metanalisis continuo
Discusión
Notas
Agradecimientos
Roles y contribuciones
Conflictos de interés
Financiamiento
Registro PROSPERO
Ética
Entrega de datos
Referencias
Anexos
Anexo 1: Listado de estudios incluidos
| …1 | Author | Public Title | Reported data? | Population | Intervention | Comparison | Outcome | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Henning Bundgaard | Face masks for the prevention of COVID-19 - Rationale and design of the randomised controlled trial DANMASK-19 | Yes | Adults in Denmark | Instructions to wear mask and masks provided | No mask recommendation | SARS-CoV 2 infection | 6,000 person RCT of masks in Denmark |
| 2 | Gyula Seres | Face mask use and physical distancing before and after mandatory masking: Evidence from pubic waiting lines | Yes | People behind experimenters in shop que | Experimenter with mask | Experimenter without mask | Distance to person behind them in the cue | . |
| 3 | . | Locally Produced Cloth Face Mask and COVID-19 Like Illness Prevention | No | 10 years of age | Cloth face mask | Advice on how to prevent COVID based on government policy | Reported COVID like illness | 66,000 person cluster randomized trial in Guinea-Bissau |
| 4 | . | Medical Masks vs N95 Respirators for COVID-19 | No | Nurses working in medical, emergency, pediatric units. | Medical mask worn when providing care to person with febrile respiratory illness. | N95 mask worn when providing care to person with febrile respiratory illness. | Confirmed COVID infection | NA |
| 5 | . | Face Masks to Reduce COVID-19 in Bangladesh | No | Villages in Bangladesh and workers in market; I-face mask. | Face mask. | Face mask awareness. | Symptomatic SARS CoV2 infection. | Enroll 600 communities and create matched pairs based on population size; half of which will be randomized to receive the intervention. |
| 6 | . | A trial to evaluate the effect of cotton face-masks and other behavioral factors on COVID-19 risk in rural Telangana | No | Healthy human volunteers in villages in rural Telangana. | Cloth masks. | No intervention. | Village level incidence of COVID-19 | . |
| 7 | . | Effectiveness of a novel respirator with chitosan nanoparticles | No | Healthcare professionals working in hospitals. | Novel individual protection semi-facial respirator. | Conventional N95 respirator. | Incidence rate of infection. | . |
| 8 | . | Effectiveness and adherence to closed face shields to prevent COVID-19 transmission | No | Adults without COVID present or past. | Surgical face mask + shield. | Surgical face mask. | COVID-19 incidence. | . |
| 9 | . | Efficacy of Nano-Ivermectin impregnated masks in prevention of COVID-19 among healthy contacts and medical staff | No | Healthcare personnel and family contacts of confirmed cases. | Ivermectin impregnated mask. | Ordinary mask. | suspected symptoms’ fever, myalgia, cough, sore throat etc, secondary outcome is COVID-19 diagnosis | . |
| 10 | . | Clinical efficiency of surgical masks and filtering face-piece 2 masks | No | Nursing home staff. | Surgical mask. | FFP2 masks. | COVID-19 attack rate. | . |
Para saber más sobre la colaboración BESSI:
¿Cuál es el objetivo de BESSI? En la página principal de su página web, la colaboración BESSI, en un video de 5 minutos lo explica: Clic al video https://www.bessi-collab.net/
.