本报告的主要内容将从收入程度，能源消耗，碳排放三个部分入手，分析并对比日本跟澳大利亚两个国家的差异,我们将顺着以下两个问题来解决。

The main content of this report will start from the income level, energy consumption, carbon emissions, analysis and comparison of the differences between Japan and Australia.

the following questions will be detailed explained.

Differences in carbon emissions among high-income households between Austria and Japan
IncomeGroup Country min max
High income Austria 4.373319 9.020170
High income Japan 2.516538 9.909204

通过该表格可以得出日本的人均碳排放波动程度最大，且日本的人均碳排放量均值大于澳大利亚

A table overview of per capita emissions in Japan and Austria.

Compared with Australia,The table shows that Japan’s per capita carbon emissions fluctuate the most, and that the mean of Japan’s per capita carbon emissions is larger than that of Austria. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

下面我们具体来分析一下两个国家之间的碳排放跟能源消耗数据

Let’s look specifically at the carbon emissions data and energy consumption between the two countries.

有颜色的曲线代表该国家的人均二氧化碳的排放量，黑色的曲线代表该国的人均能源消耗。

（目的是为了对比分析二者的关联性，因为人均能源消耗数值过大不方便对比，所以图中的数值是真实人均能源消耗/500）

通过图形我们可以得知，1960年的时候日本的人均碳排放是远低于澳大利亚的。但从1970年开始，日本人均碳排放量的水平增长速度逐渐超过澳大利亚，可以看到二者都在2005年左右达到峰值随后降低。澳大利亚的人均碳排放峰值大约在9吨左右，而日本的人均碳排放峰值大约在10吨.

两个国家的能源使用趋势大致一致，波动大幅度上升然后小幅度下降。

我们对于人均碳排放量的散点图趋势进行拟合，可以发现能源消费与碳排放量的波动跟峰值出现的情况大约一致，特别是对于日本而言，趋势基本相同。

The coloured curves represent each country’s per capita carbon dioxide emissions. The black curves represent each country’s per capita energy consumption.

(The goal of these graphs is to compare and analyze the correlation between per capita carbon dioxide emissions and per capita energy consumption. Due to the figue of per capita energy consumption is too large to be compared with, we have taken 1/500 of the per capita energy consumption in this figure)

In 1960, Japan’s per capita carbon emissions were much lower than Australia. However, the growth of Japan’s per capita carbon emission became faster than Australia since 1970. Both countries reached their climax around 2005 and started falling. Australia’s peak per capita is about 9 tonnes, while Japan’s is about 10 tonnes.

The trends in energy use in the two countries are broadly consistent, with fluctuations rising sharply and then falling slightly.

When we fit the trend of the scatter plot of per capita carbon emissions, we find that the fluctuations in energy consumption and carbon emissions are about the same as the peaks, especially for Japan. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

为了分析日本和澳洲谁在减少碳排放方面做得更好，我们现在来看一下澳大利亚人口跟日本人口的差距

To further analyze who is doing a good job of reducing carbon emissions, we now look at the difference between the population of Australia and that of Japan.

可以看到澳大利亚人口基本维持在550 ten thousand左右，而日本的人口则一直在波动，从600ten thousand增长到了11660 ten thousand左右。

We can see that the population of Australia has basically stayed at around 550 ten thousand, while the population of Japan has been fluctuating, from 600 ten thousand to around 116600 ten thousand. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

现在我们再来看一下两个国家的总碳排放量数据

Let’s take another look at the total carbon emissions for both countries.

将总碳排放量的数据进行对比，也可以看到两国的差异非常之大，从1960年到2020年，澳大利亚的总碳排放量在25百万吨维持不动，而日本则呈现高速上升趋势，从大约一百百万吨上升到了1130百万吨

A comparison of total carbon emissions shows that the two countries are very different. From 1960 to 2020, Australia’s total emissions stood at 25million Ton, while Japan’s showed a rapid rise, from about 100 million Ton to 1130 million Ton.

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在碳排放方面，澳大利亚做的远远比日本好.

在能源消耗差不多的前提下，因为日本人均碳排放量高于澳大利亚和日本人口远大于澳大利亚人口，所以日本的总碳排放量远大于了澳大利亚。

即使因为日本人口多而导致碳排放量总量大情有可原，但是更需要注意的是日本的人均碳排放量也比澳大利亚人均排放量大。

总而言之，日本应该重视碳排放量的问题，需要重视选取低碳排放的产品，或更加重视碳排放政策、规定，不能继续放任总碳排放量继续升高了。

Australia’s performance is far better than Japan in terms of carbon emissions.

With the premise of similar level of energy consumption, Japan’s total carbon emission is way higher than Australia’s due to their higher capita carbon emissions and a much larger population.

Although it is reasonable for Japan to have a higher total carbon emission than Australia due to their population number, it is important to pay attention to Japan’s per capita carbon footprint is also higher than Australia.

In short, Japan should pay attention to the issue of carbon emissions. They need to focus on the choice of use of products with lower-carbon emission, or policies and regulations related to carbon emissions. They cannot allow the total carbon emissions to rise continuely.