Original Publish Date: 29th April, 2021
Updated on: 20 May, 2021
Variables are
mp_aligned=Variable coded 1 if the incumbent state legislator in a given state assembly constituency shares the partisan affiliation of the incumbent national legislator in the national parliamentary constituency that contains thestate assembly constituency, and 0 otherwise. If the incumbent state and national legislators are both independents, this variable is coded as 0.
forcing=The winning margin of the candidate in a given state assembly constituency that shares the partisan affiliation of the incumbent national legislator in the national parliamentary constituency that contains the state assembly constituency. This variable is positive in the case where a state candidate aligned with the local MP’s party won and negative in the case where a state candidate aligned with the local MP’s party lost. The variable is coded as missing for all state assembly constituencies where no candidate affliated with the local MPs party contested.
allot_increase=A dummy variable equal to 1 in the period after the fiscal year beginning April 1st, 2012 when the annual allotment per MP increased from 20 million rupees to 50 million rupees.
urban :-project located in urban area
multiple:-A dummy variable coded 1 if the project was located in multiple different rural and/or urban units. The variable is coded on the basis of whether the description of the location of the public work available on the MPLADS online monitoring system mentioned more than one location.
| Dependent variable: | ||||
| Number of Projects | ||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Dynast | 7.064 | 8.843 | 32.208 | 38.253 |
| (31.461) | (30.312) | (47.699) | (40.919) | |
| Turnout Percentage | 5.220* | 4.597 | 0.671 | -2.503 |
| (2.917) | (3.004) | (4.137) | (3.803) | |
| Enop | 4.180 | 3.367 | 7.261 | -0.573 |
| (19.231) | (17.362) | (27.224) | (23.727) | |
| MP Aligned | 29.675 | 27.402 | 42.773 | 55.064 |
| (29.989) | (32.634) | (37.939) | (37.421) | |
| Log(Electors) | -112.064 | 10.945 | -310.668* | -277.280 |
| (118.879) | (155.792) | (177.373) | (170.035) | |
| Fixed effects | Year | Constituency | Year&Constituency | |
| Clustered SE | Constituency | Constituency | Constituency | Constituency |
| Observations | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 |
| R2 | 0.045 | 0.100 | 0.648 | 0.699 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.020 | -0.006 | 0.334 | 0.332 |
| Residual Std. Error | 190.658 (df = 186) | 193.112 (df = 171) | 157.092 (df = 101) | 157.419 (df = 86) |
| Note: | p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01 | |||
| Dependent variable: | ||||
| Project Expenditure | ||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Dynast | -0.286 | -0.283 | -0.987* | -1.216** |
| (0.335) | (0.316) | (0.550) | (0.580) | |
| Turnout Percentage | -0.032 | -0.028 | -0.102** | -0.055 |
| (0.023) | (0.025) | (0.048) | (0.056) | |
| Enop | 0.094 | 0.252 | -0.015 | 0.413 |
| (0.316) | (0.293) | (0.437) | (0.425) | |
| MP Aligned | 0.100 | 0.156 | 0.217 | 0.172 |
| (0.264) | (0.243) | (0.203) | (0.184) | |
| Log(Electors) | 0.896 | -1.977 | 3.288** | 1.235 |
| (1.220) | (1.261) | (1.542) | (1.412) | |
| Forcing | -1.410 | -1.460 | -0.692 | -0.663 |
| (1.061) | (1.009) | (0.743) | (0.741) | |
| Allotment Increase | 1.290*** | 3.964*** | 1.436*** | 3.143*** |
| (0.449) | (0.606) | (0.286) | (0.355) | |
| Urban | 0.568 | 0.500 | 0.032 | 0.243 |
| (0.478) | (0.417) | (0.731) | (0.659) | |
| Multiple | 16.398*** | 16.506*** | 15.543*** | 15.791*** |
| (4.334) | (4.320) | (5.464) | (5.418) | |
| Fixed effects | Year | Constituency | Year&Constituency | |
| Clustered SE | Constituency | Constituency | Constituency | Constituency |
| Observations | 16,731 | 16,731 | 16,731 | 16,731 |
| R2 | 0.028 | 0.045 | 0.107 | 0.114 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.027 | 0.044 | 0.102 | 0.108 |
| Residual Std. Error | 5.288 (df = 16721) | 5.242 (df = 16706) | 5.080 (df = 16639) | 5.063 (df = 16624) |
| Note: | p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01 | |||
| Dependent variable: | ||||
| Project Expenditure | ||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Dynast | -0.286 | -0.283* | -0.621** | -0.804*** |
| (0.175) | (0.169) | (0.282) | (0.267) | |
| Turnout Percentage | -0.032** | -0.028** | -0.061** | -0.029 |
| (0.013) | (0.013) | (0.029) | (0.026) | |
| Enop | 0.094 | 0.252* | 0.175 | 0.605*** |
| (0.148) | (0.146) | (0.250) | (0.207) | |
| MP Aligned | 0.100 | 0.156 | 0.278* | 0.224 |
| (0.170) | (0.163) | (0.154) | (0.144) | |
| Log(Electors) | 0.896 | -1.977** | 2.661*** | -0.107 |
| (0.596) | (0.782) | (0.883) | (1.057) | |
| Forcing | -1.410* | -1.460* | -1.185 | -1.065 |
| (0.853) | (0.798) | (0.799) | (0.682) | |
| Allotment Increase | 1.290*** | 3.964*** | 1.697*** | 2.156*** |
| (0.250) | (0.356) | (0.271) | (0.272) | |
| Urban | 0.568** | 0.500 | 0.908*** | 1.106*** |
| (0.250) | (0.340) | (0.341) | (0.411) | |
| Multiple | 16.398*** | 16.506*** | 16.567** | 16.738*** |
| (3.212) | (3.180) | (6.501) | (6.452) | |
| Fixed effects | Year | Block Level | Year&Block Level | |
| Clustered SE | Block Level | Block Level | Block Level | Block Level |
| Observations | 16,731 | 16,731 | 16,731 | 16,731 |
| R2 | 0.028 | 0.045 | 0.189 | 0.197 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.027 | 0.044 | 0.129 | 0.137 |
| Residual Std. Error | 5.288 (df = 16721) | 5.242 (df = 16706) | 5.005 (df = 15575) | 4.981 (df = 15560) |
| Note: | p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01 | |||
| Dependent variable: | ||||
| Time to Sanction | ||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Dynast | 3.416 | 3.620 | -11.461 | -12.499* |
| (7.862) | (7.676) | (7.451) | (7.093) | |
| Turnout Percentage | -1.637** | -1.633** | 0.704 | 0.694 |
| (0.715) | (0.689) | (0.965) | (0.964) | |
| Enop | -5.658 | -5.232 | 10.919* | 11.466 |
| (6.062) | (6.099) | (6.306) | (7.207) | |
| MP Aligned | -12.370** | -12.992** | -6.646 | -6.894 |
| (5.950) | (6.068) | (4.602) | (4.495) | |
| Log(Electors) | 12.133 | 10.084 | 48.780* | 48.521 |
| (34.628) | (42.275) | (26.099) | (31.287) | |
| Forcing | 30.489 | 32.049 | -4.121 | -5.989 |
| (27.394) | (27.311) | (20.759) | (20.774) | |
| Allotment Increase | -4.874 | -123.330*** | -4.853 | -106.985*** |
| (7.360) | (12.169) | (5.352) | (4.848) | |
| Urban | -9.338 | -7.441 | -10.816 | -9.160 |
| (9.847) | (10.548) | (7.476) | (6.878) | |
| Multiple | -52.265*** | -57.604*** | -38.528*** | -43.403*** |
| (10.203) | (9.566) | (8.694) | (8.543) | |
| Fixed effects | Year | Constituency | Year&Constituency | |
| Clustered SE | Constituency | Constituency | Constituency | Constituency |
| Observations | 16,387 | 16,387 | 16,387 | 16,387 |
| R2 | 0.014 | 0.025 | 0.111 | 0.120 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.014 | 0.023 | 0.106 | 0.114 |
| Residual Std. Error | 96.095 (df = 16377) | 95.618 (df = 16362) | 91.504 (df = 16296) | 91.065 (df = 16281) |
| Note: | p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01 | |||
| Dependent variable: | ||||
| Time to Sanction | ||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
| Dynast | 3.416 | 3.620 | -3.239 | -4.863 |
| (3.717) | (3.702) | (5.359) | (5.320) | |
| Turnout Percentage | -1.637*** | -1.633*** | -0.602 | -0.469 |
| (0.314) | (0.311) | (0.547) | (0.519) | |
| Enop | -5.658** | -5.232** | 6.424* | 7.355* |
| (2.569) | (2.642) | (3.579) | (4.089) | |
| MP Aligned | -12.370*** | -12.992*** | -8.166** | -8.230** |
| (3.798) | (3.844) | (3.646) | (3.622) | |
| Log(Electors) | 12.133 | 10.084 | 37.100* | 38.053 |
| (18.182) | (22.241) | (21.558) | (25.292) | |
| Forcing | 30.489* | 32.049* | 14.506 | 13.799 |
| (17.050) | (17.354) | (16.650) | (16.910) | |
| Allotment Increase | -4.874 | -123.330*** | -10.434*** | -98.482*** |
| (3.523) | (5.819) | (3.537) | (3.287) | |
| Urban | -9.338 | -7.441 | -6.840 | -5.397 |
| (10.830) | (11.220) | (7.514) | (6.951) | |
| Multiple | -52.265*** | -57.604*** | -38.378*** | -37.673** |
| (9.453) | (7.382) | (13.660) | (15.713) | |
| Fixed effects | Year | Block Level | Year&Block Level | |
| Clustered SE | Block Level | Block Level | Block Level | Block Level |
| Observations | 16,387 | 16,387 | 16,387 | 16,387 |
| R2 | 0.014 | 0.025 | 0.197 | 0.205 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.014 | 0.023 | 0.136 | 0.145 |
| Residual Std. Error | 96.095 (df = 16377) | 95.618 (df = 16362) | 89.921 (df = 15243) | 89.471 (df = 15228) |
| Note: | p<0.1; p<0.05; p<0.01 | |||