Food insecurity and smoking status

Frequency distributions for waves 1 and 3 smoking status (cigStatus1, cigStatus3) and food security (foodSec1, foodSec3).

Note that we altered the food security item in wave 3. In wave 1 we asked for yes or no responses to In the last 12 months, did you reduce or skip meals because there wasn`t enough money. In wave 3 we asked for Often, Occasionally, or No responses to Did you eat less because you didn't have enough money for food in past month.

Here are some sample descriptive statistics stratified by cigarette smoking status:

                     Stratified by cigStatus1
                      Never         Former        Current       p      test
  n                   815           508           1262                     
  Age1 (mean (sd))    47.37 (9.83)  52.73 (8.37)  47.91 (8.67)  <0.001     
  Race = AfrAm (%)      463 (56.8)    276 (54.3)    756 (59.9)   0.077     
  Sex = Men (%)         300 (36.8)    213 (41.9)    626 (49.6)  <0.001     
  PovStat = Below (%)   258 (31.7)    149 (29.3)    626 (49.6)  <0.001     
  foodSec1 = Yes (%)    146 (21.9)     73 (17.7)    330 (32.6)  <0.001     
                     Stratified by cigStatus3
                      Never          Former        Current       p      test
  n                   550            660           843                      
  Age1 (mean (sd))    47.33 (9.64)   51.05 (8.62)  47.02 (8.19)  <0.001     
  Race = AfrAm (%)      294 (53.5)     392 (59.4)    546 (64.8)  <0.001     
  Sex = Men (%)         209 (38.0)     274 (41.5)    402 (47.7)   0.001     
  PovStat = Below (%)   172 (31.3)     254 (38.5)    415 (49.2)  <0.001     
  foodSec1 = Yes (%)     91 (20.2)     130 (24.7)    186 (31.0)  <0.001     
  foodSec3 (%)                                                   <0.001     
     Often               15 ( 3.5)      24 ( 5.3)     69 (11.1)             
     Occasionally        92 (21.3)      89 (19.7)    183 (29.4)             
     No                 325 (75.2)     339 (75.0)    370 (59.5)             
  cigStatus1 (%)                                                 <0.001     
     Never              543 (100.0)      0 ( 0.0)      9 ( 1.3)             
     Former               0 (  0.0)    370 (58.7)     32 ( 4.7)             
     Current              0 (  0.0)    260 (41.3)    642 (94.0)             

Here are some 2-way crosstabs:




Sex:  Sex
cigStatus1:  Smoking status at wave 1

   Cell Contents
|-------------------------|
|                   Count |
|             Row Percent |
|          Column Percent |
|           Total Percent |
|-------------------------|

Total Observations in Table:  2585 

             | cigStatus1 
         Sex |    Never  |   Former  |  Current  | Row Total | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
       Women |      515  |      295  |      636  |     1446  | 
             |     35.6% |     20.4% |     44.0% |     55.9% | 
             |     63.2% |     58.1% |     50.4% |           | 
             |     19.9% |     11.4% |     24.6% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
         Men |      300  |      213  |      626  |     1139  | 
             |     26.3% |     18.7% |     55.0% |     44.1% | 
             |     36.8% |     41.9% |     49.6% |           | 
             |     11.6% |      8.2% |     24.2% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
Column Total |      815  |      508  |     1262  |     2585  | 
             |     31.5% |     19.7% |     48.8% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|


Statistics for All Table Factors


Pearson's Chi-squared test 
------------------------------------------------------------
Chi^2 =  34.05359657     d.f. =  2     p =  0.00000004030467844 



       Minimum expected frequency: 223.8344294 



Race:  Race
cigStatus1:  Smoking status at wave 1

   Cell Contents
|-------------------------|
|                   Count |
|             Row Percent |
|          Column Percent |
|           Total Percent |
|-------------------------|

Total Observations in Table:  2585 

             | cigStatus1 
        Race |    Never  |   Former  |  Current  | Row Total | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
       White |      352  |      232  |      506  |     1090  | 
             |     32.3% |     21.3% |     46.4% |     42.2% | 
             |     43.2% |     45.7% |     40.1% |           | 
             |     13.6% |      9.0% |     19.6% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
       AfrAm |      463  |      276  |      756  |     1495  | 
             |     31.0% |     18.5% |     50.6% |     57.8% | 
             |     56.8% |     54.3% |     59.9% |           | 
             |     17.9% |     10.7% |     29.2% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
Column Total |      815  |      508  |     1262  |     2585  | 
             |     31.5% |     19.7% |     48.8% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|


Statistics for All Table Factors


Pearson's Chi-squared test 
------------------------------------------------------------
Chi^2 =  5.126608103     d.f. =  2     p =  0.07704974309 



       Minimum expected frequency: 214.205029 



PovStat:  PovStat
cigStatus1:  Smoking status at wave 1

   Cell Contents
|-------------------------|
|                   Count |
|             Row Percent |
|          Column Percent |
|           Total Percent |
|-------------------------|

Total Observations in Table:  2585 

             | cigStatus1 
     PovStat |    Never  |   Former  |  Current  | Row Total | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
       Above |      557  |      359  |      636  |     1552  | 
             |     35.9% |     23.1% |     41.0% |     60.0% | 
             |     68.3% |     70.7% |     50.4% |           | 
             |     21.5% |     13.9% |     24.6% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
       Below |      258  |      149  |      626  |     1033  | 
             |     25.0% |     14.4% |     60.6% |     40.0% | 
             |     31.7% |     29.3% |     49.6% |           | 
             |     10.0% |      5.8% |     24.2% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
Column Total |      815  |      508  |     1262  |     2585  | 
             |     31.5% |     19.7% |     48.8% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|


Statistics for All Table Factors


Pearson's Chi-squared test 
------------------------------------------------------------
Chi^2 =  96.26358659     d.f. =  2     p =  1.249187897e-21 



       Minimum expected frequency: 203.0034816 



cigStatus1:  Smoking status at wave 1
cigStatus3:  Smoking status at wave 3

   Cell Contents
|-------------------------|
|                   Count |
|             Row Percent |
|          Column Percent |
|           Total Percent |
|-------------------------|

Total Observations in Table:  1856 

             | cigStatus3 
  cigStatus1 |    Never  |   Former  |  Current  | Row Total | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
       Never |      543  |        0  |        9  |      552  | 
             |     98.4% |      0.0% |      1.6% |     29.7% | 
             |    100.0% |      0.0% |      1.3% |           | 
             |     29.3% |      0.0% |      0.5% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
      Former |        0  |      370  |       32  |      402  | 
             |      0.0% |     92.0% |      8.0% |     21.7% | 
             |      0.0% |     58.7% |      4.7% |           | 
             |      0.0% |     19.9% |      1.7% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
     Current |        0  |      260  |      642  |      902  | 
             |      0.0% |     28.8% |     71.2% |     48.6% | 
             |      0.0% |     41.3% |     94.0% |           | 
             |      0.0% |     14.0% |     34.6% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
Column Total |      543  |      630  |      683  |     1856  | 
             |     29.3% |     33.9% |     36.8% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|


Statistics for All Table Factors


Pearson's Chi-squared test 
------------------------------------------------------------
Chi^2 =  2442.82374     d.f. =  4     p =  0 



       Minimum expected frequency: 117.6109914 



foodSec1:  Food security at wave 1
foodSec3:  Food security at wave 3

   Cell Contents
|-------------------------|
|                   Count |
|             Row Percent |
|          Column Percent |
|           Total Percent |
|-------------------------|

Total Observations in Table:  1297 

             | foodSec3 
    foodSec1 |        Often  | Occasionally  |           No  |    Row Total | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
          No |          34  |         162  |         787  |         983  | 
             |         3.5% |        16.5% |        80.1% |        75.8% | 
             |        37.4% |        53.3% |        87.3% |              | 
             |         2.6% |        12.5% |        60.7% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
         Yes |          57  |         142  |         115  |         314  | 
             |        18.2% |        45.2% |        36.6% |        24.2% | 
             |        62.6% |        46.7% |        12.7% |              | 
             |         4.4% |        10.9% |         8.9% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
Column Total |          91  |         304  |         902  |        1297  | 
             |         7.0% |        23.4% |        69.5% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|


Statistics for All Table Factors


Pearson's Chi-squared test 
------------------------------------------------------------
Chi^2 =  221.6821778     d.f. =  2     p =  7.283275188e-49 



       Minimum expected frequency: 22.0308404 



cigStatus1:  Smoking status at wave 1
foodSec1:  Food security at wave 1

   Cell Contents
|-------------------------|
|                   Count |
|             Row Percent |
|          Column Percent |
|           Total Percent |
|-------------------------|

Total Observations in Table:  2092 

             | foodSec1 
  cigStatus1 |       No  |      Yes  | Row Total | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
       Never |      520  |      146  |      666  | 
             |     78.1% |     21.9% |     31.8% | 
             |     33.7% |     26.6% |           | 
             |     24.9% |      7.0% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
      Former |      340  |       73  |      413  | 
             |     82.3% |     17.7% |     19.7% | 
             |     22.0% |     13.3% |           | 
             |     16.3% |      3.5% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
     Current |      683  |      330  |     1013  | 
             |     67.4% |     32.6% |     48.4% | 
             |     44.3% |     60.1% |           | 
             |     32.6% |     15.8% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
Column Total |     1543  |      549  |     2092  | 
             |     73.8% |     26.2% |           | 
-------------|-----------|-----------|-----------|


Statistics for All Table Factors


Pearson's Chi-squared test 
------------------------------------------------------------
Chi^2 =  43.07966197     d.f. =  2     p =  0.0000000004419470728 



       Minimum expected frequency: 108.3828872 



cigStatus1:  Smoking status at wave 1
foodSec3:  Food security at wave 3

   Cell Contents
|-------------------------|
|                   Count |
|             Row Percent |
|          Column Percent |
|           Total Percent |
|-------------------------|

Total Observations in Table:  1411 

             | foodSec3 
  cigStatus1 |        Often  | Occasionally  |           No  |    Row Total | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
       Never |          20  |         113  |         359  |         492  | 
             |         4.1% |        23.0% |        73.0% |        34.9% | 
             |        20.2% |        33.8% |        36.7% |              | 
             |         1.4% |         8.0% |        25.4% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
      Former |          10  |          46  |         235  |         291  | 
             |         3.4% |        15.8% |        80.8% |        20.6% | 
             |        10.1% |        13.8% |        24.0% |              | 
             |         0.7% |         3.3% |        16.7% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
     Current |          69  |         175  |         384  |         628  | 
             |        11.0% |        27.9% |        61.1% |        44.5% | 
             |        69.7% |        52.4% |        39.3% |              | 
             |         4.9% |        12.4% |        27.2% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
Column Total |          99  |         334  |         978  |        1411  | 
             |         7.0% |        23.7% |        69.3% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|


Statistics for All Table Factors


Pearson's Chi-squared test 
------------------------------------------------------------
Chi^2 =  50.39826913     d.f. =  4     p =  0.0000000002981548338 



       Minimum expected frequency: 20.41743444 



cigStatus3:  Smoking status at wave 3
foodSec3:  Food security at wave 3

   Cell Contents
|-------------------------|
|                   Count |
|             Row Percent |
|          Column Percent |
|           Total Percent |
|-------------------------|

Total Observations in Table:  1506 

             | foodSec3 
  cigStatus3 |        Often  | Occasionally  |           No  |    Row Total | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
       Never |          15  |          92  |         325  |         432  | 
             |         3.5% |        21.3% |        75.2% |        28.7% | 
             |        13.9% |        25.3% |        31.4% |              | 
             |         1.0% |         6.1% |        21.6% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
      Former |          24  |          89  |         339  |         452  | 
             |         5.3% |        19.7% |        75.0% |        30.0% | 
             |        22.2% |        24.5% |        32.8% |              | 
             |         1.6% |         5.9% |        22.5% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
     Current |          69  |         183  |         370  |         622  | 
             |        11.1% |        29.4% |        59.5% |        41.3% | 
             |        63.9% |        50.3% |        35.8% |              | 
             |         4.6% |        12.2% |        24.6% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
Column Total |         108  |         364  |        1034  |        1506  | 
             |         7.2% |        24.2% |        68.7% |              | 
-------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|


Statistics for All Table Factors


Pearson's Chi-squared test 
------------------------------------------------------------
Chi^2 =  49.08207704     d.f. =  4     p =  0.0000000005613076267 



       Minimum expected frequency: 30.98007968