Task 1: Use world bank data to analyze something

I used CO2 emission per capita,electricity consumption per capita and electricity access per capita to show if the electricity consumption would generally dominate the carbon emission for top 5 total carbon emission countries in the world.

carbon<-wb(
  country=c("USA", "RUS", "CHN", "JPN","IN"),
  indicator="EN.ATM.CO2E.PC",
  startdate=1980,
  enddate=2014
)

F1<-ggplot(carbon, aes(x=as.numeric(date), y=value, color= country))+ 
    geom_line() + 
    expand_limits(x = 1980, y = 0)+
    ggtitle("Carbon emission per capita 1980-2014")+
    theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 11, face = "bold")) +
    ylab("Carbon emission per capita (metric tons per capita)") + 
    xlab("Year") +
    theme(text = element_text(face = "bold",size = 6),plot.title = element_text(face = "bold",size=12))+
    theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust =0.5))
F1

From the graph above, we can see the carbon emission per capita trends for the five countries. US’s carbon emission is gradually decreasing after 2005, while China’s carbon emission is increasing after 2000 but still much lower than the United States, Russia and Japan. India’carbon emission seems to be quite stable and increase a little over time. Russia’s carbon emission decreased dramatically in 1990-1995 because of Dissolution og the Soviet Union.

elecuse<-wb(
  country=c("USA", "RUS", "CHN", "JPN","IN"),
  indicator="EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC",
  startdate=1980,
  enddate=2014 
 )
F2<-ggplot(elecuse, aes(x=as.numeric(date), y=value, color= country))+ 
    geom_line() + 
    ggtitle("Elctricity Use per capita 1980-2014")+
    theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 11, face = "bold")) +
    ylab("Elctricity Use per capita (kWh)") + 
    xlab("Year") +
    theme(text = element_text(face = "bold",size = 6),plot.title = element_text(face = "bold",size=12))+
    theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust =0.5))
F2

From the graph above, We observed that US electricity consumption per capita increased from 1980 to 2000 and decreased little after 2005. Japan shows the same trend with the United States but only takes half amount of the US. Russia’s trend looks like an inverse U shape. India and china’s electricity consumption both increased by time with different speed.

Therefore, we can see that the carbon emissions have a clear relationship for developing countries by comparing the two graphs. For China and India, the carbon emission trends are similar with the electricity consumption trend which indicates that electricity consumption is the main driver of the carbon emission and the technology hasn’t improved a lot. But we expect that China would adopt better techlogy to improve the carbon emission since it shows a relatively stable trend recently. US and Japan have reduced the carbon emission compared with their electricity consumption. For Russia, although carbon emission and electricity consumption both decreased after 1990, the decreased sizes were different. Therefore, I don’t think carbon emission reduction in that period is due to the electricity power consumption.