library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
##
## filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
library(dslabs)
ggplot2::mpg
## # A tibble: 234 x 11
## manufacturer model displ year cyl trans drv cty hwy fl class
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <int> <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 audi a4 1.8 1999 4 auto(l… f 18 29 p comp…
## 2 audi a4 1.8 1999 4 manual… f 21 29 p comp…
## 3 audi a4 2 2008 4 manual… f 20 31 p comp…
## 4 audi a4 2 2008 4 auto(a… f 21 30 p comp…
## 5 audi a4 2.8 1999 6 auto(l… f 16 26 p comp…
## 6 audi a4 2.8 1999 6 manual… f 18 26 p comp…
## 7 audi a4 3.1 2008 6 auto(a… f 18 27 p comp…
## 8 audi a4 quat… 1.8 1999 4 manual… 4 18 26 p comp…
## 9 audi a4 quat… 1.8 1999 4 auto(l… 4 16 25 p comp…
## 10 audi a4 quat… 2 2008 4 manual… 4 20 28 p comp…
## # … with 224 more rows
str(mpg)
## tibble [234 × 11] (S3: tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
## $ manufacturer: chr [1:234] "audi" "audi" "audi" "audi" ...
## $ model : chr [1:234] "a4" "a4" "a4" "a4" ...
## $ displ : num [1:234] 1.8 1.8 2 2 2.8 2.8 3.1 1.8 1.8 2 ...
## $ year : int [1:234] 1999 1999 2008 2008 1999 1999 2008 1999 1999 2008 ...
## $ cyl : int [1:234] 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 4 4 4 ...
## $ trans : chr [1:234] "auto(l5)" "manual(m5)" "manual(m6)" "auto(av)" ...
## $ drv : chr [1:234] "f" "f" "f" "f" ...
## $ cty : int [1:234] 18 21 20 21 16 18 18 18 16 20 ...
## $ hwy : int [1:234] 29 29 31 30 26 26 27 26 25 28 ...
## $ fl : chr [1:234] "p" "p" "p" "p" ...
## $ class : chr [1:234] "compact" "compact" "compact" "compact" ...
#displ, a car’s engine size, in litres.
#hwy, a car’s fuel efficiency on the highway, in miles per gallon (mpg). A car with a low fuel efficiency consumes more fuel than a car with a high fuel efficiency when they travel the same distance.
mpg
## # A tibble: 234 x 11
## manufacturer model displ year cyl trans drv cty hwy fl class
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <int> <int> <chr> <chr> <int> <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 audi a4 1.8 1999 4 auto(l… f 18 29 p comp…
## 2 audi a4 1.8 1999 4 manual… f 21 29 p comp…
## 3 audi a4 2 2008 4 manual… f 20 31 p comp…
## 4 audi a4 2 2008 4 auto(a… f 21 30 p comp…
## 5 audi a4 2.8 1999 6 auto(l… f 16 26 p comp…
## 6 audi a4 2.8 1999 6 manual… f 18 26 p comp…
## 7 audi a4 3.1 2008 6 auto(a… f 18 27 p comp…
## 8 audi a4 quat… 1.8 1999 4 manual… 4 18 26 p comp…
## 9 audi a4 quat… 1.8 1999 4 auto(l… 4 16 25 p comp…
## 10 audi a4 quat… 2 2008 4 manual… 4 20 28 p comp…
## # … with 224 more rows
ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ , y = hwy, color = class , size = class, alpha = class)) # size kÃch cỡ của point, alpha = transparency of point
## Warning: Using size for a discrete variable is not advised.
## Warning: Using alpha for a discrete variable is not advised.
ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = drv , y = hwy, colour = displ < 5 ))
ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ , y = hwy, shape = class )) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ , y = cty), color = "red")
## Warning: The shape palette can deal with a maximum of 6 discrete values because
## more than 6 becomes difficult to discriminate; you have 7. Consider
## specifying shapes manually if you must have them.
## Warning: Removed 62 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
mpg%>% ggplot() +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy))+
facet_wrap(~class, ncol = 2)
ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy)) +
facet_grid(drv ~ cyl) # sắp theo x = displ, y = hwy, chia ra thà nh các cặp của drv ~ cyl y ~ x
ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy)) +
facet_grid(. ~ cyl) # sắp theo x = displ, y = hwy, chia ra 4 loại của cyl y~ x
ggplot(data = mpg) +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy)) +
facet_grid(cyl ~.) # y ~ . chỉ theo y (trục tung)
# left
mpg %>% ggplot() +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ , y = hwy))
# right
mpg %>% ggplot() +
geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ , y = hwy, color = drv)) +
geom_smooth(mapping = aes(x = displ , y = hwy , linetype = drv))
## `geom_smooth()` using method = 'loess' and formula 'y ~ x'
