Los datos pertenecen a un levantamiento realizado con navegador a un predio ubicado en el municipio de Silvania Cundinamarca.

#1. Se guardaron los datos en un vector llamado “longitude Y Latitude”

longitude <- c(967759,  967770, 967795, 967816, 967822, 967823, 967830, 967831, 967832, 967840, 967847, 967853, 967861, 967865, 967865, 967865, 967892, 967897, 967911, 967917, 967920, 967925, 967920, 967912, 967905, 967901, 967900, 967864, 967849, 967831, 967776, 967764, 967727, 967733)
latitude <-c(979257,    979259, 979268, 979276, 979276, 979277, 979273, 979273, 979272, 979274, 979274, 979277, 979283, 979284, 979285, 979285, 979294, 979294, 979296, 979297, 979297, 979300, 979302, 979305, 979308, 979309, 979309, 979307, 979317, 979321, 979333, 979325, 979304, 979297)

Unimos la tabla por medio de la función cbind

lonlate <- cbind(longitude, latitude)

###Llamamos a la libreria Terra

library(terra)
## terra version 1.0.10

Convertimos los datos en un Vector y lo guardamos en PU

PU <-vect(lonlate)

Revisamos la clase de PU

class (PU)
## [1] "SpatVector"
## attr(,"package")
## [1] "terra"

que hay dentro de PU

PU
##  class       : SpatVector 
##  geometry    : points 
##  dimensions  : 34, 0  (geometries, attributes)
##  extent      : 967727, 967925, 979257, 979333  (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)
##  coord. ref. :

La geometría que existe en PU

geom(PU)
##       geom part      x      y hole
##  [1,]    1    1 967759 979257    0
##  [2,]    2    1 967770 979259    0
##  [3,]    3    1 967795 979268    0
##  [4,]    4    1 967816 979276    0
##  [5,]    5    1 967822 979276    0
##  [6,]    6    1 967823 979277    0
##  [7,]    7    1 967830 979273    0
##  [8,]    8    1 967831 979273    0
##  [9,]    9    1 967832 979272    0
## [10,]   10    1 967840 979274    0
## [11,]   11    1 967847 979274    0
## [12,]   12    1 967853 979277    0
## [13,]   13    1 967861 979283    0
## [14,]   14    1 967865 979284    0
## [15,]   15    1 967865 979285    0
## [16,]   16    1 967865 979285    0
## [17,]   17    1 967892 979294    0
## [18,]   18    1 967897 979294    0
## [19,]   19    1 967911 979296    0
## [20,]   20    1 967917 979297    0
## [21,]   21    1 967920 979297    0
## [22,]   22    1 967925 979300    0
## [23,]   23    1 967920 979302    0
## [24,]   24    1 967912 979305    0
## [25,]   25    1 967905 979308    0
## [26,]   26    1 967901 979309    0
## [27,]   27    1 967900 979309    0
## [28,]   28    1 967864 979307    0
## [29,]   29    1 967849 979317    0
## [30,]   30    1 967831 979321    0
## [31,]   31    1 967776 979333    0
## [32,]   32    1 967764 979325    0
## [33,]   33    1 967727 979304    0
## [34,]   34    1 967733 979297    0

Definimos el sistema de referencia. Como sabemos que el levantamiento fue realizado en Cundinamarca, entonces es origen central, empleamos el sistema de referencia Magna Colombia -Bogotá EPSG:3116

crsref  <- "epsg:3116"
PU <- vect(lonlate, crs=crsref)

crs(PU)
## [1] "PROJCRS[\"MAGNA-SIRGAS / Colombia Bogota zone\",\n    BASEGEOGCRS[\"MAGNA-SIRGAS\",\n        DATUM[\"Marco Geocentrico Nacional de Referencia\",\n            ELLIPSOID[\"GRS 1980\",6378137,298.257222101,\n                LENGTHUNIT[\"metre\",1]]],\n        PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0,\n            ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]],\n        ID[\"EPSG\",4686]],\n    CONVERSION[\"Colombia MAGNA Bogota zone\",\n        METHOD[\"Transverse Mercator\",\n            ID[\"EPSG\",9807]],\n        PARAMETER[\"Latitude of natural origin\",4.59620041666667,\n            ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433],\n            ID[\"EPSG\",8801]],\n        PARAMETER[\"Longitude of natural origin\",-74.0775079166667,\n            ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433],\n            ID[\"EPSG\",8802]],\n        PARAMETER[\"Scale factor at natural origin\",1,\n            SCALEUNIT[\"unity\",1],\n            ID[\"EPSG\",8805]],\n        PARAMETER[\"False easting\",1000000,\n            LENGTHUNIT[\"metre\",1],\n            ID[\"EPSG\",8806]],\n        PARAMETER[\"False northing\",1000000,\n            LENGTHUNIT[\"metre\",1],\n            ID[\"EPSG\",8807]]],\n    CS[Cartesian,2],\n        AXIS[\"northing (N)\",north,\n            ORDER[1],\n            LENGTHUNIT[\"metre\",1]],\n        AXIS[\"easting (E)\",east,\n            ORDER[2],\n            LENGTHUNIT[\"metre\",1]],\n    USAGE[\n        SCOPE[\"unknown\"],\n        AREA[\"Colombia - 75°35'W to 72°35'W\"],\n        BBOX[-2.51,-75.59,11.82,-72.58]],\n    ID[\"EPSG\",3116]]"

LÍNEAS Y POLÍGONOS

Vamos plotear el polígono y los puntos del levantamiento

cbind(id=1, part=1, longitude, latitude)
##       id part longitude latitude
##  [1,]  1    1    967759   979257
##  [2,]  1    1    967770   979259
##  [3,]  1    1    967795   979268
##  [4,]  1    1    967816   979276
##  [5,]  1    1    967822   979276
##  [6,]  1    1    967823   979277
##  [7,]  1    1    967830   979273
##  [8,]  1    1    967831   979273
##  [9,]  1    1    967832   979272
## [10,]  1    1    967840   979274
## [11,]  1    1    967847   979274
## [12,]  1    1    967853   979277
## [13,]  1    1    967861   979283
## [14,]  1    1    967865   979284
## [15,]  1    1    967865   979285
## [16,]  1    1    967865   979285
## [17,]  1    1    967892   979294
## [18,]  1    1    967897   979294
## [19,]  1    1    967911   979296
## [20,]  1    1    967917   979297
## [21,]  1    1    967920   979297
## [22,]  1    1    967925   979300
## [23,]  1    1    967920   979302
## [24,]  1    1    967912   979305
## [25,]  1    1    967905   979308
## [26,]  1    1    967901   979309
## [27,]  1    1    967900   979309
## [28,]  1    1    967864   979307
## [29,]  1    1    967849   979317
## [30,]  1    1    967831   979321
## [31,]  1    1    967776   979333
## [32,]  1    1    967764   979325
## [33,]  1    1    967727   979304
## [34,]  1    1    967733   979297
linea <- vect(lonlate, type="lines", crs=crsref)
polig <- vect(lonlate, type="polygons", crs=crsref)
polig
##  class       : SpatVector 
##  geometry    : polygons 
##  dimensions  : 1, 0  (geometries, attributes)
##  extent      : 967727, 967925, 979257, 979333  (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)
##  coord. ref. : +proj=tmerc +lat_0=4.59620041666667 +lon_0=-74.0775079166667 +k=1 +x_0=1000000 +y_0=1000000 +ellps=GRS80 +towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0 +units=m +no_defs

visualizamos el polígono de color café con un grosor 2

plot(polig, border='brown', lwd=2)

### Gráfica de los puntos capturados con el navegador

plot(PU,col='red', pch=10, cex=1)