GOs

Plataforma Genòmica i Bioinformàtica

2020-12-18

Comparatives Dieta_Tables Plot

Comparatives Dieta_Tables

GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0071496 cellular response to external stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0010810 regulation of cell-substrate adhesion BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0010631 epithelial cell migration BP The orderly movement of an epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. NA NA
GO:0090130 tissue migration BP The process in which the population of cells that make up a tissue undergo directed movement. NA NA
GO:0090132 epithelium migration BP The process in which the population of cells that make up an epithelium undergo directed movement. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0001666 response to hypoxia BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. response to hypoxic stress NA
GO:0090287 regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus BP Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0002262 myeloid cell homeostasis BP The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of myeloid cells such that the total number of myeloid cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0006778 porphyrin-containing compound metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrins consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group. porphyrin metabolic process NA
GO:0042168 heme metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring. haem metabolic process NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0019838 growth factor binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any growth factor, proteins or polypeptides that stimulate a cell or organism to grow or proliferate. neurotrophin TRK receptor activity NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0006605 protein targeting BP The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif. nascent polypeptide association NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005201 extracellular matrix structural constituent MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. extracellular matrix glycoprotein NA
GO:0050840 extracellular matrix binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a component of the extracellular matrix. adhesive extracellular matrix constituent NA
GO:0031012 extracellular matrix CC A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. proteinaceous extracellular matrix NA
GO:0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix CC An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0031589 cell-substrate adhesion BP The attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0043292 contractile fiber CC Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre NA
GO:0030017 sarcomere CC The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. NA NA
GO:0044449 contractile fiber part CC Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre component NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0034446 substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading BP The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate. cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0042383 sarcolemma CC The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction CC A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals. intercellular junction NA
GO:0044291 cell-cell contact zone CC Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. cell cell contact zone NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0014706 striated muscle tissue development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. NA NA
GO:0060537 muscle tissue development BP The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. NA NA
GO repetits: 7 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005201 extracellular matrix structural constituent MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. extracellular matrix glycoprotein NA
GO:0050840 extracellular matrix binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a component of the extracellular matrix. adhesive extracellular matrix constituent NA
GO:0031012 extracellular matrix CC A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. proteinaceous extracellular matrix NA
GO:0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix CC An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. NA NA
GO repetits: 7 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0031589 cell-substrate adhesion BP The attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. NA NA
GO repetits: 7 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0043292 contractile fiber CC Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre NA
GO:0030017 sarcomere CC The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. NA NA
GO:0044449 contractile fiber part CC Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre component NA
GO repetits: 7 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0034446 substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading BP The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate. cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion NA
GO repetits: 7 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0042383 sarcolemma CC The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. NA NA
GO repetits: 7 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction CC A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals. intercellular junction NA
GO:0044291 cell-cell contact zone CC Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. cell cell contact zone NA
GO repetits: 7 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0014706 striated muscle tissue development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. NA NA
GO:0060537 muscle tissue development BP The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. NA NA
GO repetits: 8 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0014706 striated muscle tissue development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. NA NA
GO:0060537 muscle tissue development BP The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. NA NA

Comparatives Fenotip_Tables Plot

Comparatives Fenotip_Tables

GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005746 mitochondrial respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. mitochondrial electron transport chain NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0044455 mitochondrial membrane part CC Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. NA NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0098800 inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex CC Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. NA NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0019866 organelle inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. NA NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. inner mitochondrial membrane NA
GO:0098798 mitochondrial protein complex CC A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. NA NA
GO:0098803 respiratory chain complex CC Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain NA NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA
GO repetits: 12 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. inner mitochondrial membrane NA
GO:0098798 mitochondrial protein complex CC A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. NA NA
GO:0098803 respiratory chain complex CC Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain NA NA
GO repetits: 12 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA
GO repetits: 13 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA

Comparatives Genotip_Tables Plot

Comparatives Genotip_Tables

GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0042788 polysomal ribosome CC A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. active ribosome NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0044445 cytosolic part CC Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. cytosol component NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0003735 structural constituent of ribosome MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome. ribosomal protein NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0043209 myelin sheath CC An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. astrocyte sheath NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. inner mitochondrial membrane NA
GO:0006091 generation of precursor metabolites and energy BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. energy pathways NA
GO:0009123 nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. nucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009126 purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009141 nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. nucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009144 purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009150 purine ribonucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. purine ribonucleotide metabolism NA
GO:0009161 ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009167 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009199 ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009205 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0019866 organelle inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. NA NA
GO:0046034 ATP metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. ATP metabolism NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0045277 respiratory chain complex IV CC A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). cytochrome c oxidase complex NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0003954 NADH dehydrogenase activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor. beta-NADH dehydrogenase dinucleotide activity NA
GO:0005747 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I CC A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. GO:0005748 GO:0005748
GO:0030964 NADH dehydrogenase complex CC An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. Complex I NA
GO:0045271 respiratory chain complex I CC Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex. electron transport complex I NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0044391 ribosomal subunit CC Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. NA NA
GO:0097223 sperm part CC Any constituent part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. NA NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005746 mitochondrial respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. mitochondrial electron transport chain NA
GO:0044455 mitochondrial membrane part CC Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. NA NA
GO:0098798 mitochondrial protein complex CC A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. NA NA
GO:0098800 inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex CC Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. NA NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005840 ribosome CC An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. free ribosome NA
GO repetits: 10 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0015934 large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). ribosomal large subunit NA
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA
GO:0098803 respiratory chain complex CC Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain NA NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0044391 ribosomal subunit CC Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. NA NA
GO:0097223 sperm part CC Any constituent part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. NA NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005746 mitochondrial respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. mitochondrial electron transport chain NA
GO:0044455 mitochondrial membrane part CC Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. NA NA
GO:0098798 mitochondrial protein complex CC A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. NA NA
GO:0098800 inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex CC Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. NA NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005840 ribosome CC An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. free ribosome NA
GO repetits: 11 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0015934 large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). ribosomal large subunit NA
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA
GO:0098803 respiratory chain complex CC Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain NA NA
GO repetits: 12 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005840 ribosome CC An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. free ribosome NA
GO repetits: 12 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0015934 large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). ribosomal large subunit NA
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA
GO:0098803 respiratory chain complex CC Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain NA NA

Comparatives Mares_Tables Plot

Comparatives Mares_Tables

GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0007029 endoplasmic reticulum organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum. endoplasmic reticulum morphology NA
GO:0070936 protein K48-linked ubiquitination BP A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 48 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K48-linked ubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation. protein K48-linked polyubiquitination NA
GO:1904666 regulation of ubiquitin protein ligase activity BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin protein ligase activity. regulation of APC-fizzy related complex activity NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0000302 response to reactive oxygen species BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals. response to active oxygen species NA
GO:0003015 heart process BP A circulatory system process carried out by the heart. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. cardiac process NA
GO:0006986 response to unfolded protein BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus. heat shock protein activity NA
GO:0004864 protein phosphatase inhibitor activity MF Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein phosphatase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphate groups from phosphorylated proteins. phosphoprotein phosphatase inhibitor activity NA
GO:0030246 carbohydrate binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates. selectin NA
GO:0031386 protein tag MF A molecular function exhibited by a protein that is covalently attached (AKA tagged or conjugated) to another protein where it acts as a marker, recognized by the cellular apparatus to target the tagged protein for some cellular process such as modification, sequestration, transport or degradation. covalent modifier NA
GO:0005751 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV CC A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). GO:0005752 GO:0005752
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction CC A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals. intercellular junction NA
GO:0005924 cell-substrate adherens junction CC An adherens junction which connects a cell to the extracellular matrix. hemi-adherens junction NA
GO:0005925 focal adhesion CC Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments. adhesion plaque NA
GO:0006613 cotranslational protein targeting to membrane BP The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation. The transport of most secretory proteins, particularly those with more than 100 amino acids, into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen occurs in this manner, as does the import of some proteins into mitochondria. cotranslational membrane targeting NA
GO:0006614 SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane BP The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane. ER translocation NA
GO:0006839 mitochondrial transport BP Transport of substances into, out of or within a mitochondrion. mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate/malate transport NA
GO:0006914 autophagy BP The cellular catabolic process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. GO:0016238 GO:0016238
GO:0006937 regulation of muscle contraction BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction. NA NA
GO:0006939 smooth muscle contraction BP A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length. visceral muscle contraction NA
GO:0007015 actin filament organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments. Includes processes that control the spatial distribution of actin filaments, such as organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. actin filament organisation NA
GO:0007565 female pregnancy BP The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth. carrying of young NA
GO:0008154 actin polymerization or depolymerization BP Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament. NA NA
GO:0008287 protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex CC A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein. NA NA
GO:0010950 positive regulation of endopeptidase activity BP Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. NA NA
GO:0010952 positive regulation of peptidase activity BP Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. NA NA
GO:0016358 dendrite development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. NA NA
GO:0016860 intramolecular oxidoreductase activity MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears. intramolecular isomerase activity NA
GO:0019208 phosphatase regulator activity MF Modulates the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule. NA NA
GO:0019212 phosphatase inhibitor activity MF Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule. NA NA
GO:0019888 protein phosphatase regulator activity MF Modulates the activity of a protein phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a protein substrate molecule. calcineurin regulator activity NA
GO:0030018 Z disc CC Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached. Z band NA
GO:0030027 lamellipodium CC A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. NA NA
GO:0030055 cell-substrate junction CC A cell junction that forms a connection between a cell and the extracellular matrix. cell-matrix junction NA
GO:0030286 dynein complex CC Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity. NA NA
GO:0031331 positive regulation of cellular catabolic process BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. activation of cellular catabolic process NA
GO:0032970 regulation of actin filament-based process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton. NA NA
GO:0042599 lamellar body CC A membrane-bounded organelle, specialized for the storage and secretion of various substances (surfactant phospholipids, glycoproteins and acid phosphates) which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae. Has some similar properties to, but is distinct from, a lysosome. keratinosome NA
GO:0042692 muscle cell differentiation BP The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a muscle cell. myogenesis NA
GO:0043280 positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process BP Any process that activates or increases the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process. activation of caspase activity NA
GO:0045047 protein targeting to ER BP The process of directing proteins towards the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) using signals contained within the protein. One common mechanism uses a 16- to 30-residue signal sequence, typically located at the N-terminus of the protein and containing positively charged amino acids followed by a continuous stretch of hydrophobic residues, which directs the ribosome to the ER membrane and initiates transport of the growing polypeptide across the ER membrane. protein targeting to endoplasmic reticulum NA
GO:0045862 positive regulation of proteolysis BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. activation of proteolysis NA
GO:0048029 monosaccharide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any monosaccharide. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; they are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H[CHOH]nC(=O)[CHOH]mH with three or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides. NA NA
GO:0048608 reproductive structure development BP The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. NA NA
GO:0048680 positive regulation of axon regeneration BP Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of axon regeneration. activation of axon regeneration NA
GO:0048863 stem cell differentiation BP The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. NA NA
GO:0050665 hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA. H2O2 biosynthetic process NA
GO:0051222 positive regulation of protein transport BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. activation of protein transport NA
GO:0051258 protein polymerization BP The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein. protein polymer biosynthesis NA
GO:0052548 regulation of endopeptidase activity BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. protease regulator activity NA
GO:0061919 process utilizing autophagic mechanism BP A cellular process involving delivery of a portion of the cytoplasm to lysosomes or to the plant or fungal vacuole that does not involve direct transport through the endocytic or vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) pathways. This process typically leads to degradation of the cargo; however, it can also be used to deliver resident proteins, such as in the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway. NA NA
GO:0070972 protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum BP A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the endoplasmic reticulum. protein localisation in endoplasmic reticulum NA
GO:0072599 establishment of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum BP The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the endoplasmic reticulum. establishment of protein localisation to endoplasmic reticulum NA
GO:0090257 regulation of muscle system process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a muscle system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in a muscle system. NA NA
GO:0097709 connective tissue replacement BP The series of events leading to growth of connective tissue when loss of tissues that are incapable of regeneration occurs, or when fibrinous exudate cannot be adequately cleared. NA NA
GO:1903293 phosphatase complex CC NA NA NA
GO:1903409 reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process BP NA reactive oxygen species anabolism NA
GO:1903426 regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process BP NA regulation of reactive oxygen species anabolism NA
GO:1903522 regulation of blood circulation BP NA regulation of hemolymph circulation NA
GO:1905475 regulation of protein localization to membrane BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to membrane. regulation of protein localisation in membrane NA
GO:2000116 regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. regulation of lysosomal cysteine-type endopeptidase NA
GO:2001056 positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. positive regulation of lysosomal cysteine-type endopeptidase NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0000054 ribosomal subunit export from nucleus BP The directed movement of a ribosomal subunit from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. ribosomal subunit export from cell nucleus NA
GO:0005685 U1 snRNP CC A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U1. snRNP U1 NA
GO:0033750 ribosome localization BP A process in which a ribosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. establishment of ribosome localisation NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0003746 translation elongation factor activity MF Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome. GO:0008182 GO:0008182
GO:0006278 RNA-dependent DNA biosynthetic process BP A DNA biosynthetic process that uses RNA as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (e.g. reverse transcriptase) that synthesize the new strand. NA NA
GO:0006816 calcium ion transport BP The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. calcium transport NA
GO:0007004 telomere maintenance via telomerase BP The maintenance of proper telomeric length by the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase. telomerase-dependent telomere maintenance NA
GO:0010833 telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening BP Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins and lengthening the telomeric DNA. NA NA
GO:0016853 isomerase activity MF Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5. other isomerase activity NA
GO:0032206 positive regulation of telomere maintenance BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process that affects and monitors the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA. activation of telomere maintenance NA
GO:0032210 regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase. NA NA
GO:0032212 positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase. activation of telomere maintenance via telomerase NA
GO:0035690 cellular response to drug BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. NA NA
GO:0042177 negative regulation of protein catabolic process BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. down regulation of protein catabolic process NA
GO:0050854 regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell. regulation of antigen receptor mediated signalling pathway NA
GO:0051972 regulation of telomerase activity BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Telomerases catalyze extension of the 3’- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time using an internal RNA template that encodes the telomeric repeat sequence. telomerase regulator NA
GO:0051973 positive regulation of telomerase activity BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). activation of telomerase activity NA
GO:0070838 divalent metal ion transport BP The directed movement of divalent metal cations, any metal ion with a +2 electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. NA NA
GO:0072511 divalent inorganic cation transport BP The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of two into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage. NA NA
GO:1903311 regulation of mRNA metabolic process BP NA regulation of mRNA metabolism NA
GO:1903312 negative regulation of mRNA metabolic process BP NA down regulation of mRNA metabolic process NA
GO:1903320 regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal BP NA NA NA
GO:1903363 negative regulation of cellular protein catabolic process BP NA down regulation of cellular protein breakdown NA
GO:2000573 positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process. positive regulation of DNA anabolism NA
GO:2001235 positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. positive regulation of apoptotic signalling pathway NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0050840 extracellular matrix binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a component of the extracellular matrix. adhesive extracellular matrix constituent NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0001755 neural crest cell migration BP The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo. NA NA
GO:0005811 lipid droplet CC An intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle comprising a matrix of coalesced lipids surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. May include associated proteins. adiposome NA
GO:0044772 mitotic cell cycle phase transition BP The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next mitotic cell cycle phase. NA NA
GO:0044770 cell cycle phase transition BP The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next cell cycle phase. cell cycle transition NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0000307 cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex CC Cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) are enzyme complexes that contain a kinase catalytic subunit associated with a regulatory cyclin partner. CDK holoenzyme NA
GO:0006790 sulfur compound metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element sulfur or compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione. sulfur metabolism NA
GO:0016055 Wnt signaling pathway BP The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state. frizzled signaling pathway NA
GO:0016485 protein processing BP Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. peptidolysis during protein maturation NA
GO:0007179 transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway BP A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway NA
GO:0017015 regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activity of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway. regulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway NA
GO:0030198 extracellular matrix organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix. extracellular matrix organisation NA
GO:0043062 extracellular structure organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures in the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane, and also covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. extracellular structure organisation NA
GO:0045785 positive regulation of cell adhesion BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion. activation of cell adhesion NA
GO:0050673 epithelial cell proliferation BP The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Epithelial cells make up the epithelium, the covering of internal and external surfaces of the body, including the lining of vessels and other small cavities. It consists of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances. NA NA
GO:0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. NA NA
GO:0051341 regulation of oxidoreductase activity BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced. oxidoreductase regulator NA
GO:0090130 tissue migration BP The process in which the population of cells that make up a tissue undergo directed movement. NA NA
GO:0090132 epithelium migration BP The process in which the population of cells that make up an epithelium undergo directed movement. NA NA
GO:1903317 regulation of protein maturation BP NA NA NA
GO:1903844 regulation of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus BP NA regulation of cellular response to TGF-beta stimulus NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005770 late endosome CC A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center. prevacuolar compartment NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0000339 RNA cap binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) group or derivative located at the 5’ end of an RNA molecule. binding to mRNA cap NA
GO:0000463 maturation of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) BP Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, and Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5’ to 3’ along the primary transcript. NA NA
GO:0000932 P-body CC A focus in the cytoplasm where mRNAs may become inactivated by decapping or some other mechanism. Protein and RNA localized to these foci are involved in mRNA degradation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), translational repression, and RNA-mediated gene silencing. cytoplasmic foci NA
GO:0002089 lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye BP The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. lens morphogenesis NA
GO:0002199 zona pellucida receptor complex CC A multisubunit complex comprising the chaperonin-containing T-complex and several other components involved in mediating sperm-oocyte Interaction. sperm protein complex I NA
GO:0003209 cardiac atrium morphogenesis BP The process in which the cardiac atrium is generated and organized. A cardiac atrium receives blood from a vein and pumps it to a cardiac ventricle. NA NA
GO:0003229 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of ventricular cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. ventricular myocardium development NA
GO:0051208 sequestering of calcium ion BP The process of binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. calcium ion (Ca2+) retention NA
GO:0006099 tricarboxylic acid cycle BP A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle. citric acid cycle NA
GO:0006101 citrate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate. Citrate is widely distributed in nature and is an important intermediate in the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle. citrate metabolism NA
GO:0006103 2-oxoglutarate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxoglutarate, the dianion of 2-oxoglutaric acid. It is a key constituent of the TCA cycle and a key intermediate in amino-acid metabolism. 2-ketoglutarate metabolic process NA
GO:0006164 purine nucleotide biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. purine nucleotide anabolism NA
GO:0006754 ATP biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5’-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. ATP anabolism NA
GO:0006900 vesicle budding from membrane BP The evagination of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. membrane evagination NA
GO:0009142 nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. nucleoside triphosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009145 purine nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside triphosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009152 purine ribonucleotide biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. purine ribonucleotide anabolism NA
GO:0009201 ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside triphosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009206 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside triphosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009260 ribonucleotide biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. ribonucleotide anabolism NA
GO:0009408 response to heat BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. response to heat shock NA
GO:0009749 response to glucose BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. response to glucose stimulus NA
GO:0010522 regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol BP Any process that modulates the rate of the directed movement of calcium ions into the cytosol of a cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. NA NA
GO:0010769 regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing to cell differentiation. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism’s life history. NA NA
GO:0010976 positive regulation of neuron projection development BP Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). positive regulation of neurite biosynthesis NA
GO:0021954 central nervous system neuron development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the central nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron. NA NA
GO:0030516 regulation of axon extension BP Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon extension. NA NA
GO:0031234 extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane CC The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its cytoplasmic surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. extrinsic to cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane NA
GO:0031514 motile cilium CC A cilium which may have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors. It may beat with a whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface, such as on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues; or they may display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization. Motile cilia can be found in single as well as multiple copies per cell. microtubule-based flagellum NA
GO:0032587 ruffle membrane CC The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a ruffle. membrane ruffle NA
GO:0032868 response to insulin BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. response to insulin stimulus NA
GO:0034249 negative regulation of cellular amide metabolic process BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. negative regulation of amide metabolism NA
GO:0034605 cellular response to heat BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. cellular response to heat stress NA
GO:0035459 cargo loading into vesicle BP The formation of a macromolecular complex between the coat proteins and proteins and/or lipoproteins that are going to be transported by a vesicle. cargo selection NA
GO:0035773 insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus BP The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules (B granules) in the B cells of the pancreas; accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin, in response to a glucose stimulus. insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose NA
GO:0036126 sperm flagellum CC A microtubule-based flagellum (or cilium) that is part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. sperm cilium NA
GO:0043254 regulation of protein complex assembly BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly. NA NA
GO:0043648 dicarboxylic acid metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-). dicarboxylate metabolic process NA
GO:0045177 apical part of cell CC The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue. NA NA
GO:0046390 ribose phosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. ribose phosphate anabolism NA
GO:0048638 regulation of developmental growth BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of developmental growth. NA NA
GO:0048644 muscle organ morphogenesis BP The process in which the anatomical structures of muscle are generated and organized. NA NA
GO:0051282 regulation of sequestering of calcium ion BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. regulation of calcium ion (Ca2+) retention NA
GO:0055010 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis BP The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac ventricle muscle is generated and organized. cardiac ventricle muscle morphogenesis NA
GO:0061387 regulation of extent of cell growth BP Any process that modulates the extent of cell growth. NA NA
GO:0070296 sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ion transport BP The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into, out of or within the sarcoplasmic reticulum. NA NA
GO:0071326 cellular response to monosaccharide stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monosaccharide stimulus. NA NA
GO:0071331 cellular response to hexose stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hexose stimulus. NA NA
GO:0072522 purine-containing compound biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. purine and derivative biosynthetic process NA
GO:0090110 cargo loading into COPII-coated vesicle BP The formation of a macromolecular complex between the COPII coat proteins and proteins and/or lipoproteins that are going to be transported by the COPII vesicle to the Golgi. cargo loading into COPII vesicle NA
GO:0090114 COPII-coated vesicle budding BP The evagination of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane, resulting in formation of a COPII-coated vesicle. COPII vesicle budding NA
GO:0097718 disordered domain specific binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a disordered domain of a protein. disordered protein domain specific binding NA
GO:0097729 9+2 motile cilium CC A motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets plus two central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+2 axoneme). conventional motile cilium NA
GO:0098760 response to interleukin-7 BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-7 stimulus. response to IL-7 NA
GO:0098761 cellular response to interleukin-7 BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-7 stimulus. cellular response to IL-7 NA
GO:0150034 distal axon CC NA distal part of axon NA
GO:1901293 nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process BP NA nucleoside phosphate anabolism NA
GO:1903169 regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport BP NA regulation of calcium ion membrane transport NA
GO:1903829 positive regulation of cellular protein localization BP NA activation of cellular protein localisation NA
GO:1903902 positive regulation of viral life cycle BP NA activation of lytic viral life cycle NA
GO:1905214 regulation of RNA binding BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA binding. NA NA
GO:2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis. regulation of histogenesis and organogenesis NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0003231 cardiac ventricle development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. NA NA
GO:0007033 vacuole organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole. vacuolar assembly NA
GO:0010523 negative regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol BP Any process that decreases the rate of the directed movement of calcium ions into the cytosol of a cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. NA NA
GO:0014706 striated muscle tissue development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. NA NA
GO:0031589 cell-substrate adhesion BP The attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. NA NA
GO:0048771 tissue remodeling BP The reorganization or renovation of existing tissues. This process can either change the characteristics of a tissue such as in blood vessel remodeling, or result in the dynamic equilibrium of a tissue such as in bone remodeling. NA NA
GO:0060537 muscle tissue development BP The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. NA NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0001666 response to hypoxia BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. response to hypoxic stress NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0051082 unfolded protein binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein. binding unfolded ER proteins NA
GO:0000209 protein polyubiquitination BP Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain. polyubiquitin NA
GO:0016469 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex CC A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible. hydrogen-transporting two-sector ATPase complex NA
GO:0003924 GTPase activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate. ARF small monomeric GTPase activity NA
GO:0000276 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) CC All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins. NA NA
GO:0001701 in utero embryonic development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. NA NA
GO:0001725 stress fiber CC A contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity, cross-linked by alpha-actinin and possibly other actin bundling proteins, and with myosin present in a periodic distribution along the fiber. actin cable NA
GO:0001726 ruffle CC Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. membrane ruffle NA
GO:0001882 nucleoside binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. NA NA
GO:0001883 purine nucleoside binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a purine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. NA NA
GO:0002183 cytoplasmic translational initiation BP The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in the cytoplasm. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. NA NA
GO:0003013 circulatory system process BP A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism. NA NA
GO:0003727 single-stranded RNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with single-stranded RNA. ssRNA binding NA
GO:0003729 mRNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with messenger RNA (mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. mRNA includes UTR and coding sequences, but does not contain introns. NA NA
GO:0003730 mRNA 3’-UTR binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 3’ untranslated region of an mRNA molecule. mRNA 3’ UTR binding NA
GO:0006936 muscle contraction BP A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. NA NA
GO:0046933 proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism MF Enables the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + H2O + phosphate + H+(in) = ATP + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism. H+-transporting ATP synthase activity NA
GO:0003954 NADH dehydrogenase activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor. beta-NADH dehydrogenase dinucleotide activity NA
GO:0019829 cation-transporting ATPase activity MF Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + cation(out) = ADP + phosphate + cation(in). cation ABC transporter NA
GO:0042626 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances MF Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane. ABC transporter NA
GO:0004129 cytochrome-c oxidase activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O. aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase NA
GO:0005200 structural constituent of cytoskeleton MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure. NA NA
GO:0005525 GTP binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate. NA NA
GO:0005635 nuclear envelope CC The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). GO:0005636 GO:0005636
GO:0005753 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex CC A proton-transporting ATP synthase complex found in the mitochondrial membrane. mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V NA
GO:0045263 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) CC All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins. hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) NA
GO:0005758 mitochondrial intermembrane space CC The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope. mitochondrial envelope lumen NA
GO:0005838 proteasome regulatory particle CC A multisubunit complex, which caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex. This complex recognizes and unfolds ubiquitinated proteins, and translocates them to the proteasome core complex. 19S regulatory particle NA
GO:0005885 Arp2/3 protein complex CC A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments. NA NA
GO:0022904 respiratory electron transport chain BP A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. 6-phosphofructokinase reduction NA
GO:0006119 oxidative phosphorylation BP The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. respiratory-chain phosphorylation NA
GO:0006120 mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone BP The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I. complex I (NADH to ubiquinone) NA
GO:0006123 mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen BP The transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex IV. complex IV (reduction of O2) NA
GO:0022900 electron transport chain BP A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. NA NA
GO:0006163 purine nucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. purine metabolic process NA
GO:0008143 poly(A) binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of adenylyl residues in an RNA molecule, such as the poly(A) tail, a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3’ end of eukaryotic mRNA. poly(A) binding, within an RNA molecule NA
GO:0006446 regulation of translational initiation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. NA NA
GO:0006470 protein dephosphorylation BP The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein. protein amino acid dephosphorylation NA
GO:0006611 protein export from nucleus BP The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. copper-induced protein export from nucleus NA
GO:0006874 cellular calcium ion homeostasis BP Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell. regulation of calcium ion concentration NA
GO:0007409 axonogenesis BP De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, including the terminal branched region. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon, which carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. axon growth NA
GO:0008015 blood circulation BP The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products. hemolymph circulation NA
GO:0008137 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol. coenzyme Q reductase activity NA
GO:0008180 COP9 signalosome CC A protein complex that catalyzes the deneddylation of proteins, including the cullin component of SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase; deneddylation increases the activity of cullin family ubiquitin ligases. The signalosome is involved in many regulatory process, including some which control development, in many species; also regulates photomorphogenesis in plants; in many species its subunits are highly similar to those of the proteasome. COP9 complex NA
GO:0008361 regulation of cell size BP Any process that modulates the size of a cell. cell size control NA
GO:0015662 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism MF Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate. P-type ATPase activity NA
GO:0016651 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. NAD(P)H dehydrogenase NA
GO:0009060 aerobic respiration BP The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. NA NA
GO:0009124 nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. nucleoside monophosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009126 purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009127 purine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside monophosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009144 purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009156 ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside monophosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009167 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009168 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside monophosphate anabolism NA
GO:0016032 viral process BP A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, ‘complete’ its life cycle. viral infection NA
GO:0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. down regulation of catabolic process NA
GO:0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. activation of catabolic process NA
GO:0010171 body morphogenesis BP The process in which the anatomical structures of the soma are generated and organized. NA NA
GO:0010256 endomembrane system organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endomembrane system. endomembrane organization NA
GO:0010494 cytoplasmic stress granule CC A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. cytoplasmic mRNP granule NA
GO:0010498 proteasomal protein catabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome. proteasome-mediated protein catabolic process NA
GO:0010656 negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process BP Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. negative regulation of muscle cell apoptosis NA
GO:0010657 muscle cell apoptotic process BP A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle. muscle cell apoptosis NA
GO:0010660 regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process BP Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. regulation of muscle cell apoptosis NA
GO:0010882 regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction by changing the calcium ion signals that trigger contraction. regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signalling NA
GO:0010959 regulation of metal ion transport BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metal ion transport. Metal ion transport is the directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. NA NA
GO:0014031 mesenchymal cell development BP The process aimed at the progression of a mesenchymal cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. NA NA
GO:0014032 neural crest cell development BP The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. NA NA
GO:0014033 neural crest cell differentiation BP The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neural crest cell. NA NA
GO:0014069 postsynaptic density CC An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. neuronal postsynaptic density NA
GO:0014704 intercalated disc CC A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. intercalated disk NA
GO:0015002 heme-copper terminal oxidase activity MF Catalysis of the four-electron reduction of dioxygen (O2) to water, coupled to generation of a proton electrochemical gradient across a membrane. haem-copper terminal oxidase activity NA
GO:0015078 proton transmembrane transporter activity MF Enables the transfer of a proton from one side of a membrane to the other. hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity NA
GO:0015399 primary active transmembrane transporter activity MF Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute’s concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source, directly using ATP. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical, electrical and solar sources. primary active transporter NA
GO:0015405 P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transmembrane transporter activity MF Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute’s concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source. P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transporters NA
GO:0015980 energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds BP The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released. chemoorganotrophy NA
GO:0015985 energy coupled proton transport, down electrochemical gradient BP The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that provides energy for the synthesis of ATP or GTP. NA NA
GO:0015986 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport BP The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis. chemiosmosis NA
GO:0016528 sarcoplasm CC The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum. NA NA
GO:0016529 sarcoplasmic reticulum CC A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage. GO:0008221 GO:0008221
GO:0016655 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or a similar acceptor molecule. oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, quinone or similar compound as acceptor NA
GO:0016675 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a heme group of donors MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. oxidoreductase activity, acting on haem group of donors NA
GO:0016676 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a heme group of donors, oxygen as acceptor MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen. oxidoreductase activity, acting on haem group of donors, oxygen as acceptor NA
GO:0016999 antibiotic metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. antibiotic metabolism NA
GO:0017148 negative regulation of translation BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. down regulation of protein biosynthetic process NA
GO:0019001 guanyl nucleotide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate. NA NA
GO:0019081 viral translation BP A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery. viral protein anabolism NA
GO:0019646 aerobic electron transport chain BP A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. NADH-O2 electron transport NA
GO:0022624 proteasome accessory complex CC A protein complex, that caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex and regulates entry into, or exit from, the proteasome core complex. NA NA
GO:0022853 active ion transmembrane transporter activity MF Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other up the solute’s concentration gradient. This is carried out by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction. NA NA
GO:0072503 cellular divalent inorganic cation homeostasis BP Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent cations at the level of a cell. NA NA
GO:0044403 symbiont process BP A process carried out by symbiont gene products that enables a symbiotic interaction with a host organism. The various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms; mutualism, in which the association is advantageous, or often necessary to one or both and not harmful to either; and commensalism, in which one member of the association benefits while the other is not affected. However, mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism are often not discrete categories of interactions and should rather be perceived as a continuum of interaction ranging from parasitism to mutualism. In fact, the direction of a symbiotic interaction can change during the lifetime of the symbionts due to developmental changes as well as changes in the biotic/abiotic environment in which the interaction occurs. Microscopic symbionts are often referred to as endosymbionts. commensalism NA
GO:0031252 cell leading edge CC The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement. front of cell NA
GO:0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. down regulation of cellular catabolic process NA
GO:0031369 translation initiation factor binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a translation initiation factor, any polypeptide factor involved in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation. NA NA
GO:0031625 ubiquitin protein ligase binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins. ubiquitin ligase binding NA
GO:0031647 regulation of protein stability BP Any process that affects the structure and integrity of a protein, altering the likelihood of its degradation or aggregation. NA NA
GO:0031672 A band CC The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line. A disc NA
GO:0031674 I band CC A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end. I disc NA
GO:0031970 organelle envelope lumen CC The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope. organelle intermembrane space NA
GO:0032279 asymmetric synapse CC A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density. Most or all synapses of this type are excitatory. Gray’s type I synapse NA
GO:0032386 regulation of intracellular transport BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells. NA NA
GO:0032535 regulation of cellular component size BP A process that modulates the size of a cellular component. NA NA
GO:0032549 ribonucleoside binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to ribose. NA NA
GO:0032550 purine ribonucleoside binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a purine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to ribose. NA NA
GO:0032561 guanyl ribonucleotide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a guanyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. NA NA
GO:0033119 negative regulation of RNA splicing BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA splicing. NA NA
GO:0033500 carbohydrate homeostasis BP A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a carbohydrate within an organism or cell. NA NA
GO:0034314 Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation BP The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins. actin filament branch nucleation NA
GO:0034614 cellular response to reactive oxygen species BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals. cellular response to active oxygen species NA
GO:0034765 regulation of ion transmembrane transport BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other. regulation of ion membrane transport NA
GO:0035304 regulation of protein dephosphorylation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein. regulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation NA
GO:0035770 ribonucleoprotein granule CC A non-membranous macromolecular complex containing proteins and translationally silenced mRNAs. RNA granules contain proteins that control the localization, stability, and translation of their RNA cargo. Different types of RNA granules (RGs) exist, depending on the cell type and cellular conditions. mRNP granule NA
GO:0036464 cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule CC A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. Staufen granule NA
GO:0042176 regulation of protein catabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. regulation of protein breakdown NA
GO:0042255 ribosome assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mature ribosome and of its subunits. ribosomal subunit assembly NA
GO:0042593 glucose homeostasis BP Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell. NA NA
GO:0042625 ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity MF Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other, driven by the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions NA
GO:0042641 actomyosin CC Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins. actomyosin complex NA
GO:0042743 hydrogen peroxide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA. H2O2 metabolic process NA
GO:0042773 ATP synthesis coupled electron transport BP The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP. NA NA
GO:0042775 mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport BP The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane. mitochondrial electron transport NA
GO:0051260 protein homooligomerization BP The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. protein homooligomer assembly NA
GO:0043024 ribosomal small subunit binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of the small ribosomal subunit. NA NA
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. proteasomal pathway NA
GO:0043197 dendritic spine CC A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including “thin”, “stubby”, “mushroom”, and “branched”, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. branched dendritic spine NA
GO:0043209 myelin sheath CC An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. astrocyte sheath NA
GO:0043393 regulation of protein binding BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. NA NA
GO:0043434 response to peptide hormone BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. response to peptide hormone stimulus NA
GO:0043492 ATPase activity, coupled to movement of substances MF Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of a substance. NA NA
GO:0044291 cell-cell contact zone CC Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. cell cell contact zone NA
GO:0044309 neuron spine CC A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck. spine NA
GO:0044389 ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin-like protein ligase, such as ubiquitin-ligase. E3 protein ligase binding NA
GO:0044769 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, rotational mechanism MF Enables the transfer of ions from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ion(in) = ADP + phosphate + ion(out), by a rotational mechanism. NA NA
GO:0045121 membrane raft CC Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. GEM domain NA
GO:0045259 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex CC A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism; the extramembrane sector (containing 3 a and 3 b subunits) is connected via the d-subunit to the membrane sector by several smaller subunits. Within this complex, the g and e subunits and the 9-12 c subunits rotate by consecutive 120 degree angles and perform parts of ATP synthesis. This movement is driven by the hydrogen ion electrochemical potential gradient. F1-F0 complex NA
GO:0045277 respiratory chain complex IV CC A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). cytochrome c oxidase complex NA
GO:0045333 cellular respiration BP The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration). oxidative metabolic process NA
GO:0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. activation of neuron differentiation NA
GO:0045927 positive regulation of growth BP Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism. activation of growth NA
GO:0046034 ATP metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. ATP metabolism NA
GO:0048027 mRNA 5’-UTR binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 5’ untranslated region of an mRNA molecule. mRNA 5’ UTR binding NA
GO:0048588 developmental cell growth BP The growth of a cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from one condition to another. developmental growth of a unicellular organism NA
GO:0048675 axon extension BP Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in cellular development. axon extension involved in development NA
GO:0048732 gland development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A gland is an organ specialised for secretion. NA NA
GO:0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation BP The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. NA NA
GO:0048864 stem cell development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stem cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to its specific fate. NA NA
GO:0050136 NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + a quinone = NAD+ + a quinol. D-diaphorase activity NA
GO:0051100 negative regulation of binding BP Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. down regulation of binding NA
GO:0051117 ATPase binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. NA NA
GO:0051168 nuclear export BP The directed movement of substances out of the nucleus. export from nucleus NA
GO:0051235 maintenance of location BP Any process in which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. maintenance of localization NA
GO:0051279 regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. regulation of calcium ion (Ca2+) mobilization NA
GO:0051924 regulation of calcium ion transport BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. regulation of calcium transport NA
GO:0055074 calcium ion homeostasis BP Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell. regulation of calcium ion concentration NA
GO:0061458 reproductive system development BP The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. NA NA
GO:0070717 poly-purine tract binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any stretch of purines (adenine or guanine) in an RNA molecule. NA NA
GO:0071333 cellular response to glucose stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. NA NA
GO:0071375 cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. cellular response to polypeptide hormone stimulus NA
GO:0072521 purine-containing compound metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. purine and derivative metabolic process NA
GO:0072594 establishment of protein localization to organelle BP The directed movement of a protein to a specific location on or in an organelle. Encompasses establishment of localization in the membrane or lumen of a membrane-bounded organelle. establishment of protein localisation to organelle NA
GO:0075522 IRES-dependent viral translational initiation BP Process by which viral mRNA translation is initiated, where a domain in the 5’ untranslated region (UTR) of the viral mRNA called an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) binds the host 43S preinitiation complex, circumventing regular cap-dependent translation initiation. NA NA
GO:0097223 sperm part CC Any constituent part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. NA NA
GO:0097517 contractile actin filament bundle CC An actin filament bundle in which the filaments are loosely packed (approximately 30-60 nm apart) and arranged with opposing polarities; the loose packing allows myosin (usually myosin-II) to enter the bundle. NA NA
GO:0098554 cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC The side (leaflet) of the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm. NA NA
GO:0098562 cytoplasmic side of membrane CC The side of a membrane that faces the cytoplasm. NA NA
GO:0098589 membrane region CC A membrane that is a part of a larger membrane. Examples include the apical region of the plasma membrane of an epithelial cell and the various regions of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. region of membrane NA
GO:0098857 membrane microdomain CC A membrane region with a lipid composition that is distinct from that of the membrane regions that surround it. NA NA
GO:0098984 neuron to neuron synapse CC A synapse in which pre and post-synaptic cells are neurons. NA NA
GO:0099572 postsynaptic specialization CC A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. NA NA
GO:0101031 chaperone complex CC A protein complex required for the non-covalent folding or unfolding, maturation, stabilization or assembly or disassembly of macromolecular structures. Usually active during or immediately after completion of translation. Many chaperone complexes contain heat shock proteins. NA NA
GO:1903050 regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process BP NA regulation of peptidolysis during cellular protein catabolic process NA
GO:1903362 regulation of cellular protein catabolic process BP NA regulation of cellular protein breakdown NA
GO:1904951 positive regulation of establishment of protein localization BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization. activation of establishment of protein localisation NA
GO:1905952 regulation of lipid localization BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization. regulation of lipid localisation NA
GO:1990138 neuron projection extension BP Long distance growth of a single neuron projection involved in cellular development. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. neurite extension NA
GO:1990204 oxidoreductase complex CC Any protein complex that possesses oxidoreductase activity. oxidation-reduction complex NA
GO:2000058 regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. regulation of myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown NA
GO:2001233 regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. regulation of apoptotic signalling pathway NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005774 vacuolar membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. NA NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0001527 microfibril CC Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins. extended fibrils NA
GO:0005868 cytoplasmic dynein complex CC Any dynein complex with a homodimeric dynein heavy chain core that catalyzes movement along a microtubule. Cytoplasmic dynein complexes participate in many cytoplasmic transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Some complexes participate in intraflagellar transport. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes, and may include light chains and light intermediate chains. cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain NA
GO:0005048 signal sequence binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a signal sequence, a specific peptide sequence found on protein precursors or mature proteins that dictates where the mature protein is localized. leader sequence binding NA
GO:0007178 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway BP A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses serine/threonine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway NA
GO:0005201 extracellular matrix structural constituent MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. extracellular matrix glycoprotein NA
GO:0005539 glycosaminoglycan binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues. NA NA
GO:0005604 basement membrane CC A collagen-containing extracellular matrix consisting of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers. basal lamina NA
GO:0030126 COPI vesicle coat CC One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta’-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state. coatomer NA
GO:0006626 protein targeting to mitochondrion BP The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein. mitochondrial protein import NA
GO:0006890 retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER BP The directed movement of substances from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, mediated by vesicles bearing specific protein coats such as COPI or COG. cis-Golgi to rough endoplasmic reticulum transport NA
GO:0010810 regulation of cell-substrate adhesion BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. NA NA
GO:0016667 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. oxidoreductase activity, acting on sulfur group of donors, other acceptors NA
GO:0030176 integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. ER integral membrane protein NA
GO:0030663 COPI-coated vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a COPI-coated vesicle. COPI coated vesicle membrane NA
GO:0031012 extracellular matrix CC A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. proteinaceous extracellular matrix NA
GO:0044420 extracellular matrix component CC Any constituent part of the extracellular matrix, the structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals) or be part of the cell (as often seen in plants). extracellular matrix part NA
GO:0044706 multi-multicellular organism process BP A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. NA NA
GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. down regulation of proteolysis NA
GO:0051604 protein maturation BP Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. NA NA
GO:0060485 mesenchyme development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells. mesenchymal development NA
GO:0061134 peptidase regulator activity MF Modulates the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds. NA NA
GO:0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix CC An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. NA NA
GO:0070585 protein localization to mitochondrion BP A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the mitochondrion. protein localisation in mitochondrion NA
GO:0071559 response to transforming growth factor beta BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus. response to TGF-beta stimulus NA
GO:0071560 cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus. cellular response to TGF-beta stimulus NA
GO:0072655 establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion BP The directed movement of a protein to the mitochondrion or a part of the mitochondrion. establishment of protein localisation to mitochondrion NA
GO:2000377 regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolism NA
GO:0090092 regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway BP Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway NA
GO:0090100 positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway BP Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway NA
GO:0090287 regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus BP Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. NA NA
GO:0090288 negative regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus BP Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. NA NA
GO:0098754 detoxification BP Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. NA NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0030904 retromer complex CC A conserved hetero-pentameric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. The budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p. The mammalian complex shows slight variation in composition compared to yeast, and comprises SNX1 or SNX2, SNX5 or SNX6, VPS26A or VPS26B, VPS29, and VPS35. NA NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0030021 extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring compression resistance MF A constituent of the extracellular matrix that enables the matrix to resist compressive forces; often a proteoglycan. NA NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0003208 cardiac ventricle morphogenesis BP The process in which the cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. NA NA
GO repetits: 5 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0042254 ribosome biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosome biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0009055 electron transfer activity MF Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. electron acceptor activity NA
GO:0000139 Golgi membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. NA NA
GO:0022625 cytosolic large ribosomal subunit CC The large subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. 50S ribosomal subunit NA
GO:0022627 cytosolic small ribosomal subunit CC The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. 30S ribosomal subunit NA
GO:0000313 organellar ribosome CC A ribosome contained within a subcellular membrane-bounded organelle. NA NA
GO:0000315 organellar large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). NA NA
GO:0000323 lytic vacuole CC A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases. NA NA
GO:0000502 proteasome complex CC A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core. 26S proteasome NA
GO:0001558 regulation of cell growth BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. NA NA
GO:0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration BP Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. ameboid cell migration NA
GO:0001669 acrosomal vesicle CC A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome. acrosomal granule NA
GO:0001678 cellular glucose homeostasis BP A cellular homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within a cell or between a cell and its external environment. cell glucose homeostasis NA
GO:0002181 cytoplasmic translation BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. NA NA
GO:0003012 muscle system process BP A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers. muscle physiological process NA
GO:0003735 structural constituent of ribosome MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome. ribosomal protein NA
GO:0003743 translation initiation factor activity MF Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. GO:0003744 GO:0003744
GO:0006457 protein folding BP The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. alpha-tubulin folding NA
GO:0043292 contractile fiber CC Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre NA
GO:0005764 lysosome CC A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. NA NA
GO:0004298 threonine-type endopeptidase activity MF Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. 26S protease NA
GO:0004857 enzyme inhibitor activity MF Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme. metalloenzyme inhibitor activity NA
GO:0005840 ribosome CC An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. free ribosome NA
GO:0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. inner mitochondrial membrane NA
GO:0005746 mitochondrial respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. mitochondrial electron transport chain NA
GO:0005747 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I CC A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. GO:0005748 GO:0005748
GO:0005759 mitochondrial matrix CC The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. mitochondrial lumen NA
GO:0005761 mitochondrial ribosome CC A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes. 55S ribosome, mitochondrial NA
GO:0005762 mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). 39S ribosomal subunit, mitochondrial NA
GO:0005798 Golgi-associated vesicle CC Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell. Golgi vesicle NA
GO:0030137 COPI-coated vesicle CC A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport. coatomer NA
GO:0030134 COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle CC A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport). COPII vesicle NA
GO:0030133 transport vesicle CC Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell. constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle NA
GO:0030141 secretory granule CC A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. secretory vesicle NA
GO:0030658 transport vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a transport vesicle. constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle membrane NA
GO:0005839 proteasome core complex CC A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex. 20S core complex NA
GO:0005844 polysome CC A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA. They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. polyribosome NA
GO:0005852 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex CC A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs. eIF-3 NA
GO:0006091 generation of precursor metabolites and energy BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. energy pathways NA
GO:0006364 rRNA processing BP Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules. 35S primary transcript processing NA
GO:0006413 translational initiation BP The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. biopolymerisation NA
GO:0006417 regulation of translation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. regulation of protein anabolism NA
GO:0006605 protein targeting BP The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif. nascent polypeptide association NA
GO:0072593 reactive oxygen species metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. reactive oxygen species metabolism NA
GO:0006888 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport BP The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi. anterograde (ER to Golgi) transport NA
GO:0006979 response to oxidative stress BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. NA NA
GO:0007005 mitochondrion organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. mitochondria organization NA
GO:0008021 synaptic vesicle CC A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the ‘active zone’ of the presynaptic plasma membrane. docked vesicle NA
GO:0008097 5S rRNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome. NA NA
GO:0008135 translation factor activity, RNA binding MF Functions during translation by interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome. translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding NA
GO:0008250 oligosaccharyltransferase complex CC A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected. oligosaccharyl transferase complex NA
GO:0009123 nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. nucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009141 nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. nucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009150 purine ribonucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. purine ribonucleotide metabolism NA
GO:0009161 ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009199 ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009205 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009259 ribonucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. ribonucleotide metabolism NA
GO:0010008 endosome membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. endosomal membrane NA
GO:0010257 NADH dehydrogenase complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NADH dehydrogenase complex. NA NA
GO:0010499 proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin. NA NA
GO:0012506 vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell. NA NA
GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton CC The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. NA NA
GO:0015934 large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). ribosomal large subunit NA
GO:0015935 small ribosomal subunit CC The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome. ribosomal small subunit NA
GO:0016072 rRNA metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes. rRNA metabolism NA
GO:0045727 positive regulation of translation BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. activation of protein biosynthetic process NA
GO:0050821 protein stabilization BP Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation. lysosomal protein stabilization NA
GO:0019003 GDP binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GDP, guanosine 5’-diphosphate. NA NA
GO:0019693 ribose phosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. ribose phosphate metabolism NA
GO:0019843 rRNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA. NA NA
GO:0019866 organelle inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. NA NA
GO:0022613 ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a complex containing RNA and proteins. Includes the biosynthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the ribonucleoprotein complex. ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0022618 ribonucleoprotein complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex. protein-RNA complex assembly NA
GO:0022626 cytosolic ribosome CC A ribosome located in the cytosol. 70S ribosome NA
GO:0030016 myofibril CC The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. striated muscle fiber NA
GO:0030017 sarcomere CC The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. NA NA
GO:0030117 membrane coat CC Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules. NA NA
GO:0030120 vesicle coat CC A membrane coat found on a coated vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030135 coated vesicle CC Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins. GO:0005909 GO:0005909
GO:0030307 positive regulation of cell growth BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. activation of cell growth NA
GO:0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030660 Golgi-associated vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus. Golgi vesicle membrane NA
GO:0030662 coated vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a coated vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030964 NADH dehydrogenase complex CC An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. Complex I NA
GO:0031227 intrinsic component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane NA
GO:0031902 late endosome membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome. NA NA
GO:0032432 actin filament bundle CC An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. actin cable NA
GO:0032509 endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway BP The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the target compartment. endosome transport via MVB sorting pathway NA
GO:0032869 cellular response to insulin stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. NA NA
GO:0032981 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. mitochondrial complex I assembly NA
GO:0033108 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. NA NA
GO:0033218 amide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. NA NA
GO:0034248 regulation of cellular amide metabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. regulation of amide metabolism NA
GO:0034250 positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. positive regulation of amide metabolism NA
GO:0034976 response to endoplasmic reticulum stress BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress NA
GO:0042273 ribosomal large subunit biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a large ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0042274 ribosomal small subunit biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosomal small subunit biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0042277 peptide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. NA NA
GO:0042383 sarcolemma CC The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. NA NA
GO:0042788 polysomal ribosome CC A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. active ribosome NA
GO:0043021 ribonucleoprotein complex binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any complex of RNA and protein. protein-RNA complex binding NA
GO:0044391 ribosomal subunit CC Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. NA NA
GO:0044431 Golgi apparatus part CC Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. Golgi component NA
GO:0044437 vacuolar part CC Any constituent part of a vacuole, a closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. vacuole component NA
GO:0044440 endosomal part CC Any constituent part of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. endosomal subcomponent NA
GO:0044445 cytosolic part CC Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. cytosol component NA
GO:0044449 contractile fiber part CC Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre component NA
GO:0044455 mitochondrial membrane part CC Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. NA NA
GO:0045271 respiratory chain complex I CC Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex. electron transport complex I NA
GO:0048193 Golgi vesicle transport BP The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles. Golgi-derived vesicle transport NA
GO:0048475 coated membrane CC A single or double lipid bilayer with any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes. NA NA
GO:0051098 regulation of binding BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. NA NA
GO:0051099 positive regulation of binding BP Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. activation of binding NA
GO:0052547 regulation of peptidase activity BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. peptidase regulator activity NA
GO:0070003 threonine-type peptidase activity MF Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. NA NA
GO:0070069 cytochrome complex CC A protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions. NA NA
GO:0070382 exocytic vesicle CC A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. exocytic constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle NA
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA
GO:0071322 cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. NA NA
GO:0071604 transforming growth factor beta production BP The appearance of any member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Transforming growth factor-beta family members include TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3. TGF-B production NA
GO:0071634 regulation of transforming growth factor beta production BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta. regulation of TGF-B production NA
GO:0071826 ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organization BP Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex. protein-RNA complex subunit organization NA
GO:0071985 multivesicular body sorting pathway BP A vesicle-mediated transport process in which transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated to facilitate their entry into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs); upon subsequent fusion of MVBs with lysosomes or vacuoles, the cargo proteins are degraded. NA NA
GO:0098791 Golgi subcompartment CC A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of the Golgi Apparatus. NA NA
GO:0098798 mitochondrial protein complex CC A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. NA NA
GO:0098800 inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex CC Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. NA NA
GO:0098803 respiratory chain complex CC Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain NA NA
GO:1901652 response to peptide BP NA NA NA
GO:1901653 cellular response to peptide BP NA NA NA
GO:1901681 sulfur compound binding MF NA sulfur molecular entity binding NA
GO:1905368 peptidase complex CC A protein complex which is capable of peptidase activity. protease complex NA
GO:1905369 endopeptidase complex CC A protein complex which is capable of endopeptidase activity. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0051082 unfolded protein binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein. binding unfolded ER proteins NA
GO:0000209 protein polyubiquitination BP Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain. polyubiquitin NA
GO:0016469 proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex CC A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible. hydrogen-transporting two-sector ATPase complex NA
GO:0003924 GTPase activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate. ARF small monomeric GTPase activity NA
GO:0000276 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) CC All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins. NA NA
GO:0001701 in utero embryonic development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. NA NA
GO:0001725 stress fiber CC A contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity, cross-linked by alpha-actinin and possibly other actin bundling proteins, and with myosin present in a periodic distribution along the fiber. actin cable NA
GO:0001726 ruffle CC Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. membrane ruffle NA
GO:0001882 nucleoside binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. NA NA
GO:0001883 purine nucleoside binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a purine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. NA NA
GO:0002183 cytoplasmic translational initiation BP The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in the cytoplasm. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. NA NA
GO:0003013 circulatory system process BP A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism. NA NA
GO:0003727 single-stranded RNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with single-stranded RNA. ssRNA binding NA
GO:0003729 mRNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with messenger RNA (mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. mRNA includes UTR and coding sequences, but does not contain introns. NA NA
GO:0003730 mRNA 3’-UTR binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 3’ untranslated region of an mRNA molecule. mRNA 3’ UTR binding NA
GO:0006936 muscle contraction BP A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. NA NA
GO:0046933 proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism MF Enables the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + H2O + phosphate + H+(in) = ATP + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism. H+-transporting ATP synthase activity NA
GO:0003954 NADH dehydrogenase activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor. beta-NADH dehydrogenase dinucleotide activity NA
GO:0019829 cation-transporting ATPase activity MF Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + cation(out) = ADP + phosphate + cation(in). cation ABC transporter NA
GO:0042626 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances MF Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane. ABC transporter NA
GO:0004129 cytochrome-c oxidase activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O. aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase NA
GO:0005200 structural constituent of cytoskeleton MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure. NA NA
GO:0005525 GTP binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate. NA NA
GO:0005635 nuclear envelope CC The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). GO:0005636 GO:0005636
GO:0005753 mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex CC A proton-transporting ATP synthase complex found in the mitochondrial membrane. mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V NA
GO:0045263 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) CC All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins. hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) NA
GO:0005758 mitochondrial intermembrane space CC The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope. mitochondrial envelope lumen NA
GO:0005838 proteasome regulatory particle CC A multisubunit complex, which caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex. This complex recognizes and unfolds ubiquitinated proteins, and translocates them to the proteasome core complex. 19S regulatory particle NA
GO:0005885 Arp2/3 protein complex CC A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments. NA NA
GO:0022904 respiratory electron transport chain BP A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. 6-phosphofructokinase reduction NA
GO:0006119 oxidative phosphorylation BP The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. respiratory-chain phosphorylation NA
GO:0006120 mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone BP The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I. complex I (NADH to ubiquinone) NA
GO:0006123 mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen BP The transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex IV. complex IV (reduction of O2) NA
GO:0022900 electron transport chain BP A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. NA NA
GO:0006163 purine nucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. purine metabolic process NA
GO:0008143 poly(A) binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of adenylyl residues in an RNA molecule, such as the poly(A) tail, a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3’ end of eukaryotic mRNA. poly(A) binding, within an RNA molecule NA
GO:0006446 regulation of translational initiation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. NA NA
GO:0006470 protein dephosphorylation BP The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein. protein amino acid dephosphorylation NA
GO:0006611 protein export from nucleus BP The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. copper-induced protein export from nucleus NA
GO:0006874 cellular calcium ion homeostasis BP Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell. regulation of calcium ion concentration NA
GO:0007409 axonogenesis BP De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, including the terminal branched region. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon, which carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. axon growth NA
GO:0008015 blood circulation BP The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products. hemolymph circulation NA
GO:0008137 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol. coenzyme Q reductase activity NA
GO:0008180 COP9 signalosome CC A protein complex that catalyzes the deneddylation of proteins, including the cullin component of SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase; deneddylation increases the activity of cullin family ubiquitin ligases. The signalosome is involved in many regulatory process, including some which control development, in many species; also regulates photomorphogenesis in plants; in many species its subunits are highly similar to those of the proteasome. COP9 complex NA
GO:0008361 regulation of cell size BP Any process that modulates the size of a cell. cell size control NA
GO:0015662 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism MF Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate. P-type ATPase activity NA
GO:0016651 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. NAD(P)H dehydrogenase NA
GO:0009060 aerobic respiration BP The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. NA NA
GO:0009124 nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. nucleoside monophosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009126 purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009127 purine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside monophosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009144 purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009156 ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside monophosphate anabolism NA
GO:0009167 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009168 purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside monophosphate anabolism NA
GO:0016032 viral process BP A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, ‘complete’ its life cycle. viral infection NA
GO:0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. down regulation of catabolic process NA
GO:0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. activation of catabolic process NA
GO:0010171 body morphogenesis BP The process in which the anatomical structures of the soma are generated and organized. NA NA
GO:0010256 endomembrane system organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endomembrane system. endomembrane organization NA
GO:0010494 cytoplasmic stress granule CC A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. cytoplasmic mRNP granule NA
GO:0010498 proteasomal protein catabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome. proteasome-mediated protein catabolic process NA
GO:0010656 negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process BP Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. negative regulation of muscle cell apoptosis NA
GO:0010657 muscle cell apoptotic process BP A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle. muscle cell apoptosis NA
GO:0010660 regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process BP Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. regulation of muscle cell apoptosis NA
GO:0010882 regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction by changing the calcium ion signals that trigger contraction. regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signalling NA
GO:0010959 regulation of metal ion transport BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metal ion transport. Metal ion transport is the directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. NA NA
GO:0014031 mesenchymal cell development BP The process aimed at the progression of a mesenchymal cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. NA NA
GO:0014032 neural crest cell development BP The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. NA NA
GO:0014033 neural crest cell differentiation BP The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neural crest cell. NA NA
GO:0014069 postsynaptic density CC An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. neuronal postsynaptic density NA
GO:0014704 intercalated disc CC A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. intercalated disk NA
GO:0015002 heme-copper terminal oxidase activity MF Catalysis of the four-electron reduction of dioxygen (O2) to water, coupled to generation of a proton electrochemical gradient across a membrane. haem-copper terminal oxidase activity NA
GO:0015078 proton transmembrane transporter activity MF Enables the transfer of a proton from one side of a membrane to the other. hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity NA
GO:0015399 primary active transmembrane transporter activity MF Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute’s concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source, directly using ATP. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical, electrical and solar sources. primary active transporter NA
GO:0015405 P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transmembrane transporter activity MF Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute’s concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source. P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transporters NA
GO:0015980 energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds BP The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released. chemoorganotrophy NA
GO:0015985 energy coupled proton transport, down electrochemical gradient BP The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that provides energy for the synthesis of ATP or GTP. NA NA
GO:0015986 ATP synthesis coupled proton transport BP The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis. chemiosmosis NA
GO:0016528 sarcoplasm CC The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum. NA NA
GO:0016529 sarcoplasmic reticulum CC A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage. GO:0008221 GO:0008221
GO:0016655 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or a similar acceptor molecule. oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, quinone or similar compound as acceptor NA
GO:0016675 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a heme group of donors MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. oxidoreductase activity, acting on haem group of donors NA
GO:0016676 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a heme group of donors, oxygen as acceptor MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen. oxidoreductase activity, acting on haem group of donors, oxygen as acceptor NA
GO:0016999 antibiotic metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. antibiotic metabolism NA
GO:0017148 negative regulation of translation BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. down regulation of protein biosynthetic process NA
GO:0019001 guanyl nucleotide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate. NA NA
GO:0019081 viral translation BP A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery. viral protein anabolism NA
GO:0019646 aerobic electron transport chain BP A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. NADH-O2 electron transport NA
GO:0022624 proteasome accessory complex CC A protein complex, that caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex and regulates entry into, or exit from, the proteasome core complex. NA NA
GO:0022853 active ion transmembrane transporter activity MF Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other up the solute’s concentration gradient. This is carried out by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction. NA NA
GO:0072503 cellular divalent inorganic cation homeostasis BP Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent cations at the level of a cell. NA NA
GO:0044403 symbiont process BP A process carried out by symbiont gene products that enables a symbiotic interaction with a host organism. The various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms; mutualism, in which the association is advantageous, or often necessary to one or both and not harmful to either; and commensalism, in which one member of the association benefits while the other is not affected. However, mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism are often not discrete categories of interactions and should rather be perceived as a continuum of interaction ranging from parasitism to mutualism. In fact, the direction of a symbiotic interaction can change during the lifetime of the symbionts due to developmental changes as well as changes in the biotic/abiotic environment in which the interaction occurs. Microscopic symbionts are often referred to as endosymbionts. commensalism NA
GO:0031252 cell leading edge CC The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement. front of cell NA
GO:0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. down regulation of cellular catabolic process NA
GO:0031369 translation initiation factor binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a translation initiation factor, any polypeptide factor involved in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation. NA NA
GO:0031625 ubiquitin protein ligase binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins. ubiquitin ligase binding NA
GO:0031647 regulation of protein stability BP Any process that affects the structure and integrity of a protein, altering the likelihood of its degradation or aggregation. NA NA
GO:0031672 A band CC The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line. A disc NA
GO:0031674 I band CC A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end. I disc NA
GO:0031970 organelle envelope lumen CC The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope. organelle intermembrane space NA
GO:0032279 asymmetric synapse CC A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density. Most or all synapses of this type are excitatory. Gray’s type I synapse NA
GO:0032386 regulation of intracellular transport BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells. NA NA
GO:0032535 regulation of cellular component size BP A process that modulates the size of a cellular component. NA NA
GO:0032549 ribonucleoside binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to ribose. NA NA
GO:0032550 purine ribonucleoside binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a purine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to ribose. NA NA
GO:0032561 guanyl ribonucleotide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a guanyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. NA NA
GO:0033119 negative regulation of RNA splicing BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA splicing. NA NA
GO:0033500 carbohydrate homeostasis BP A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a carbohydrate within an organism or cell. NA NA
GO:0034314 Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation BP The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins. actin filament branch nucleation NA
GO:0034614 cellular response to reactive oxygen species BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals. cellular response to active oxygen species NA
GO:0034765 regulation of ion transmembrane transport BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other. regulation of ion membrane transport NA
GO:0035304 regulation of protein dephosphorylation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein. regulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation NA
GO:0035770 ribonucleoprotein granule CC A non-membranous macromolecular complex containing proteins and translationally silenced mRNAs. RNA granules contain proteins that control the localization, stability, and translation of their RNA cargo. Different types of RNA granules (RGs) exist, depending on the cell type and cellular conditions. mRNP granule NA
GO:0036464 cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule CC A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. Staufen granule NA
GO:0042176 regulation of protein catabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. regulation of protein breakdown NA
GO:0042255 ribosome assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mature ribosome and of its subunits. ribosomal subunit assembly NA
GO:0042593 glucose homeostasis BP Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell. NA NA
GO:0042625 ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity MF Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other, driven by the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions NA
GO:0042641 actomyosin CC Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins. actomyosin complex NA
GO:0042743 hydrogen peroxide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA. H2O2 metabolic process NA
GO:0042773 ATP synthesis coupled electron transport BP The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP. NA NA
GO:0042775 mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport BP The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane. mitochondrial electron transport NA
GO:0051260 protein homooligomerization BP The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. protein homooligomer assembly NA
GO:0043024 ribosomal small subunit binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of the small ribosomal subunit. NA NA
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. proteasomal pathway NA
GO:0043197 dendritic spine CC A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including “thin”, “stubby”, “mushroom”, and “branched”, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. branched dendritic spine NA
GO:0043209 myelin sheath CC An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. astrocyte sheath NA
GO:0043393 regulation of protein binding BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. NA NA
GO:0043434 response to peptide hormone BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. response to peptide hormone stimulus NA
GO:0043492 ATPase activity, coupled to movement of substances MF Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of a substance. NA NA
GO:0044291 cell-cell contact zone CC Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. cell cell contact zone NA
GO:0044309 neuron spine CC A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck. spine NA
GO:0044389 ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin-like protein ligase, such as ubiquitin-ligase. E3 protein ligase binding NA
GO:0044769 ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, rotational mechanism MF Enables the transfer of ions from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ion(in) = ADP + phosphate + ion(out), by a rotational mechanism. NA NA
GO:0045121 membrane raft CC Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. GEM domain NA
GO:0045259 proton-transporting ATP synthase complex CC A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism; the extramembrane sector (containing 3 a and 3 b subunits) is connected via the d-subunit to the membrane sector by several smaller subunits. Within this complex, the g and e subunits and the 9-12 c subunits rotate by consecutive 120 degree angles and perform parts of ATP synthesis. This movement is driven by the hydrogen ion electrochemical potential gradient. F1-F0 complex NA
GO:0045277 respiratory chain complex IV CC A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). cytochrome c oxidase complex NA
GO:0045333 cellular respiration BP The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration). oxidative metabolic process NA
GO:0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. activation of neuron differentiation NA
GO:0045927 positive regulation of growth BP Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism. activation of growth NA
GO:0046034 ATP metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. ATP metabolism NA
GO:0048027 mRNA 5’-UTR binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 5’ untranslated region of an mRNA molecule. mRNA 5’ UTR binding NA
GO:0048588 developmental cell growth BP The growth of a cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from one condition to another. developmental growth of a unicellular organism NA
GO:0048675 axon extension BP Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in cellular development. axon extension involved in development NA
GO:0048732 gland development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A gland is an organ specialised for secretion. NA NA
GO:0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation BP The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. NA NA
GO:0048864 stem cell development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stem cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to its specific fate. NA NA
GO:0050136 NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity MF Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + a quinone = NAD+ + a quinol. D-diaphorase activity NA
GO:0051100 negative regulation of binding BP Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. down regulation of binding NA
GO:0051117 ATPase binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. NA NA
GO:0051168 nuclear export BP The directed movement of substances out of the nucleus. export from nucleus NA
GO:0051235 maintenance of location BP Any process in which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. maintenance of localization NA
GO:0051279 regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. regulation of calcium ion (Ca2+) mobilization NA
GO:0051924 regulation of calcium ion transport BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. regulation of calcium transport NA
GO:0055074 calcium ion homeostasis BP Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell. regulation of calcium ion concentration NA
GO:0061458 reproductive system development BP The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. NA NA
GO:0070717 poly-purine tract binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any stretch of purines (adenine or guanine) in an RNA molecule. NA NA
GO:0071333 cellular response to glucose stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. NA NA
GO:0071375 cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. cellular response to polypeptide hormone stimulus NA
GO:0072521 purine-containing compound metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. purine and derivative metabolic process NA
GO:0072594 establishment of protein localization to organelle BP The directed movement of a protein to a specific location on or in an organelle. Encompasses establishment of localization in the membrane or lumen of a membrane-bounded organelle. establishment of protein localisation to organelle NA
GO:0075522 IRES-dependent viral translational initiation BP Process by which viral mRNA translation is initiated, where a domain in the 5’ untranslated region (UTR) of the viral mRNA called an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) binds the host 43S preinitiation complex, circumventing regular cap-dependent translation initiation. NA NA
GO:0097223 sperm part CC Any constituent part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. NA NA
GO:0097517 contractile actin filament bundle CC An actin filament bundle in which the filaments are loosely packed (approximately 30-60 nm apart) and arranged with opposing polarities; the loose packing allows myosin (usually myosin-II) to enter the bundle. NA NA
GO:0098554 cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC The side (leaflet) of the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm. NA NA
GO:0098562 cytoplasmic side of membrane CC The side of a membrane that faces the cytoplasm. NA NA
GO:0098589 membrane region CC A membrane that is a part of a larger membrane. Examples include the apical region of the plasma membrane of an epithelial cell and the various regions of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. region of membrane NA
GO:0098857 membrane microdomain CC A membrane region with a lipid composition that is distinct from that of the membrane regions that surround it. NA NA
GO:0098984 neuron to neuron synapse CC A synapse in which pre and post-synaptic cells are neurons. NA NA
GO:0099572 postsynaptic specialization CC A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. NA NA
GO:0101031 chaperone complex CC A protein complex required for the non-covalent folding or unfolding, maturation, stabilization or assembly or disassembly of macromolecular structures. Usually active during or immediately after completion of translation. Many chaperone complexes contain heat shock proteins. NA NA
GO:1903050 regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process BP NA regulation of peptidolysis during cellular protein catabolic process NA
GO:1903362 regulation of cellular protein catabolic process BP NA regulation of cellular protein breakdown NA
GO:1904951 positive regulation of establishment of protein localization BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization. activation of establishment of protein localisation NA
GO:1905952 regulation of lipid localization BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization. regulation of lipid localisation NA
GO:1990138 neuron projection extension BP Long distance growth of a single neuron projection involved in cellular development. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. neurite extension NA
GO:1990204 oxidoreductase complex CC Any protein complex that possesses oxidoreductase activity. oxidation-reduction complex NA
GO:2000058 regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. regulation of myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown NA
GO:2001233 regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. regulation of apoptotic signalling pathway NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0005774 vacuolar membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0001527 microfibril CC Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins. extended fibrils NA
GO:0005868 cytoplasmic dynein complex CC Any dynein complex with a homodimeric dynein heavy chain core that catalyzes movement along a microtubule. Cytoplasmic dynein complexes participate in many cytoplasmic transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Some complexes participate in intraflagellar transport. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes, and may include light chains and light intermediate chains. cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain NA
GO:0005048 signal sequence binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a signal sequence, a specific peptide sequence found on protein precursors or mature proteins that dictates where the mature protein is localized. leader sequence binding NA
GO:0007178 transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway BP A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses serine/threonine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway NA
GO:0005201 extracellular matrix structural constituent MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. extracellular matrix glycoprotein NA
GO:0005539 glycosaminoglycan binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues. NA NA
GO:0005604 basement membrane CC A collagen-containing extracellular matrix consisting of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers. basal lamina NA
GO:0030126 COPI vesicle coat CC One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta’-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state. coatomer NA
GO:0006626 protein targeting to mitochondrion BP The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein. mitochondrial protein import NA
GO:0006890 retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER BP The directed movement of substances from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, mediated by vesicles bearing specific protein coats such as COPI or COG. cis-Golgi to rough endoplasmic reticulum transport NA
GO:0010810 regulation of cell-substrate adhesion BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. NA NA
GO:0016667 oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors MF Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. oxidoreductase activity, acting on sulfur group of donors, other acceptors NA
GO:0030176 integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. ER integral membrane protein NA
GO:0030663 COPI-coated vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a COPI-coated vesicle. COPI coated vesicle membrane NA
GO:0031012 extracellular matrix CC A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. proteinaceous extracellular matrix NA
GO:0044420 extracellular matrix component CC Any constituent part of the extracellular matrix, the structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals) or be part of the cell (as often seen in plants). extracellular matrix part NA
GO:0044706 multi-multicellular organism process BP A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. NA NA
GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis BP Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. down regulation of proteolysis NA
GO:0051604 protein maturation BP Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. NA NA
GO:0060485 mesenchyme development BP The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells. mesenchymal development NA
GO:0061134 peptidase regulator activity MF Modulates the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds. NA NA
GO:0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix CC An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. NA NA
GO:0070585 protein localization to mitochondrion BP A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the mitochondrion. protein localisation in mitochondrion NA
GO:0071559 response to transforming growth factor beta BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus. response to TGF-beta stimulus NA
GO:0071560 cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus. cellular response to TGF-beta stimulus NA
GO:0072655 establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion BP The directed movement of a protein to the mitochondrion or a part of the mitochondrion. establishment of protein localisation to mitochondrion NA
GO:2000377 regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolism NA
GO:0090092 regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway BP Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway NA
GO:0090100 positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway BP Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway NA
GO:0090287 regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus BP Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. NA NA
GO:0090288 negative regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus BP Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. NA NA
GO:0098754 detoxification BP Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0030904 retromer complex CC A conserved hetero-pentameric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. The budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p. The mammalian complex shows slight variation in composition compared to yeast, and comprises SNX1 or SNX2, SNX5 or SNX6, VPS26A or VPS26B, VPS29, and VPS35. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0030021 extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring compression resistance MF A constituent of the extracellular matrix that enables the matrix to resist compressive forces; often a proteoglycan. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0003208 cardiac ventricle morphogenesis BP The process in which the cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. NA NA
GO repetits: 6 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0042254 ribosome biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosome biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0009055 electron transfer activity MF Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. electron acceptor activity NA
GO:0000139 Golgi membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. NA NA
GO:0022625 cytosolic large ribosomal subunit CC The large subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. 50S ribosomal subunit NA
GO:0022627 cytosolic small ribosomal subunit CC The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. 30S ribosomal subunit NA
GO:0000313 organellar ribosome CC A ribosome contained within a subcellular membrane-bounded organelle. NA NA
GO:0000315 organellar large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). NA NA
GO:0000323 lytic vacuole CC A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases. NA NA
GO:0000502 proteasome complex CC A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core. 26S proteasome NA
GO:0001558 regulation of cell growth BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. NA NA
GO:0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration BP Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. ameboid cell migration NA
GO:0001669 acrosomal vesicle CC A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome. acrosomal granule NA
GO:0001678 cellular glucose homeostasis BP A cellular homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within a cell or between a cell and its external environment. cell glucose homeostasis NA
GO:0002181 cytoplasmic translation BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. NA NA
GO:0003012 muscle system process BP A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers. muscle physiological process NA
GO:0003735 structural constituent of ribosome MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome. ribosomal protein NA
GO:0003743 translation initiation factor activity MF Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. GO:0003744 GO:0003744
GO:0006457 protein folding BP The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. alpha-tubulin folding NA
GO:0043292 contractile fiber CC Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre NA
GO:0005764 lysosome CC A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. NA NA
GO:0004298 threonine-type endopeptidase activity MF Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. 26S protease NA
GO:0004857 enzyme inhibitor activity MF Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme. metalloenzyme inhibitor activity NA
GO:0005840 ribosome CC An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. free ribosome NA
GO:0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. inner mitochondrial membrane NA
GO:0005746 mitochondrial respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. mitochondrial electron transport chain NA
GO:0005747 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I CC A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. GO:0005748 GO:0005748
GO:0005759 mitochondrial matrix CC The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. mitochondrial lumen NA
GO:0005761 mitochondrial ribosome CC A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes. 55S ribosome, mitochondrial NA
GO:0005762 mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). 39S ribosomal subunit, mitochondrial NA
GO:0005798 Golgi-associated vesicle CC Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell. Golgi vesicle NA
GO:0030137 COPI-coated vesicle CC A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport. coatomer NA
GO:0030134 COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle CC A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport). COPII vesicle NA
GO:0030133 transport vesicle CC Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell. constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle NA
GO:0030141 secretory granule CC A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. secretory vesicle NA
GO:0030658 transport vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a transport vesicle. constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle membrane NA
GO:0005839 proteasome core complex CC A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex. 20S core complex NA
GO:0005844 polysome CC A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA. They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. polyribosome NA
GO:0005852 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex CC A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs. eIF-3 NA
GO:0006091 generation of precursor metabolites and energy BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. energy pathways NA
GO:0006364 rRNA processing BP Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules. 35S primary transcript processing NA
GO:0006413 translational initiation BP The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. biopolymerisation NA
GO:0006417 regulation of translation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. regulation of protein anabolism NA
GO:0006605 protein targeting BP The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif. nascent polypeptide association NA
GO:0072593 reactive oxygen species metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. reactive oxygen species metabolism NA
GO:0006888 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport BP The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi. anterograde (ER to Golgi) transport NA
GO:0006979 response to oxidative stress BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. NA NA
GO:0007005 mitochondrion organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. mitochondria organization NA
GO:0008021 synaptic vesicle CC A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the ‘active zone’ of the presynaptic plasma membrane. docked vesicle NA
GO:0008097 5S rRNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome. NA NA
GO:0008135 translation factor activity, RNA binding MF Functions during translation by interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome. translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding NA
GO:0008250 oligosaccharyltransferase complex CC A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected. oligosaccharyl transferase complex NA
GO:0009123 nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. nucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009141 nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. nucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009150 purine ribonucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. purine ribonucleotide metabolism NA
GO:0009161 ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009199 ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009205 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009259 ribonucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. ribonucleotide metabolism NA
GO:0010008 endosome membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. endosomal membrane NA
GO:0010257 NADH dehydrogenase complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NADH dehydrogenase complex. NA NA
GO:0010499 proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin. NA NA
GO:0012506 vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell. NA NA
GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton CC The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. NA NA
GO:0015934 large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). ribosomal large subunit NA
GO:0015935 small ribosomal subunit CC The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome. ribosomal small subunit NA
GO:0016072 rRNA metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes. rRNA metabolism NA
GO:0045727 positive regulation of translation BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. activation of protein biosynthetic process NA
GO:0050821 protein stabilization BP Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation. lysosomal protein stabilization NA
GO:0019003 GDP binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GDP, guanosine 5’-diphosphate. NA NA
GO:0019693 ribose phosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. ribose phosphate metabolism NA
GO:0019843 rRNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA. NA NA
GO:0019866 organelle inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. NA NA
GO:0022613 ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a complex containing RNA and proteins. Includes the biosynthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the ribonucleoprotein complex. ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0022618 ribonucleoprotein complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex. protein-RNA complex assembly NA
GO:0022626 cytosolic ribosome CC A ribosome located in the cytosol. 70S ribosome NA
GO:0030016 myofibril CC The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. striated muscle fiber NA
GO:0030017 sarcomere CC The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. NA NA
GO:0030117 membrane coat CC Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules. NA NA
GO:0030120 vesicle coat CC A membrane coat found on a coated vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030135 coated vesicle CC Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins. GO:0005909 GO:0005909
GO:0030307 positive regulation of cell growth BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. activation of cell growth NA
GO:0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030660 Golgi-associated vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus. Golgi vesicle membrane NA
GO:0030662 coated vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a coated vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030964 NADH dehydrogenase complex CC An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. Complex I NA
GO:0031227 intrinsic component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane NA
GO:0031902 late endosome membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome. NA NA
GO:0032432 actin filament bundle CC An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. actin cable NA
GO:0032509 endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway BP The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the target compartment. endosome transport via MVB sorting pathway NA
GO:0032869 cellular response to insulin stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. NA NA
GO:0032981 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. mitochondrial complex I assembly NA
GO:0033108 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. NA NA
GO:0033218 amide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. NA NA
GO:0034248 regulation of cellular amide metabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. regulation of amide metabolism NA
GO:0034250 positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. positive regulation of amide metabolism NA
GO:0034976 response to endoplasmic reticulum stress BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress NA
GO:0042273 ribosomal large subunit biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a large ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0042274 ribosomal small subunit biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosomal small subunit biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0042277 peptide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. NA NA
GO:0042383 sarcolemma CC The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. NA NA
GO:0042788 polysomal ribosome CC A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. active ribosome NA
GO:0043021 ribonucleoprotein complex binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any complex of RNA and protein. protein-RNA complex binding NA
GO:0044391 ribosomal subunit CC Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. NA NA
GO:0044431 Golgi apparatus part CC Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. Golgi component NA
GO:0044437 vacuolar part CC Any constituent part of a vacuole, a closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. vacuole component NA
GO:0044440 endosomal part CC Any constituent part of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. endosomal subcomponent NA
GO:0044445 cytosolic part CC Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. cytosol component NA
GO:0044449 contractile fiber part CC Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre component NA
GO:0044455 mitochondrial membrane part CC Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. NA NA
GO:0045271 respiratory chain complex I CC Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex. electron transport complex I NA
GO:0048193 Golgi vesicle transport BP The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles. Golgi-derived vesicle transport NA
GO:0048475 coated membrane CC A single or double lipid bilayer with any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes. NA NA
GO:0051098 regulation of binding BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. NA NA
GO:0051099 positive regulation of binding BP Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. activation of binding NA
GO:0052547 regulation of peptidase activity BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. peptidase regulator activity NA
GO:0070003 threonine-type peptidase activity MF Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. NA NA
GO:0070069 cytochrome complex CC A protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions. NA NA
GO:0070382 exocytic vesicle CC A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. exocytic constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle NA
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA
GO:0071322 cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. NA NA
GO:0071604 transforming growth factor beta production BP The appearance of any member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Transforming growth factor-beta family members include TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3. TGF-B production NA
GO:0071634 regulation of transforming growth factor beta production BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta. regulation of TGF-B production NA
GO:0071826 ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organization BP Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex. protein-RNA complex subunit organization NA
GO:0071985 multivesicular body sorting pathway BP A vesicle-mediated transport process in which transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated to facilitate their entry into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs); upon subsequent fusion of MVBs with lysosomes or vacuoles, the cargo proteins are degraded. NA NA
GO:0098791 Golgi subcompartment CC A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of the Golgi Apparatus. NA NA
GO:0098798 mitochondrial protein complex CC A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. NA NA
GO:0098800 inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex CC Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. NA NA
GO:0098803 respiratory chain complex CC Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain NA NA
GO:1901652 response to peptide BP NA NA NA
GO:1901653 cellular response to peptide BP NA NA NA
GO:1901681 sulfur compound binding MF NA sulfur molecular entity binding NA
GO:1905368 peptidase complex CC A protein complex which is capable of peptidase activity. protease complex NA
GO:1905369 endopeptidase complex CC A protein complex which is capable of endopeptidase activity. NA NA
GO repetits: 7 vegades
go_id Term Ontology Definition Synonym Secondary
GO:0042254 ribosome biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosome biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0009055 electron transfer activity MF Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. electron acceptor activity NA
GO:0000139 Golgi membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. NA NA
GO:0022625 cytosolic large ribosomal subunit CC The large subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. 50S ribosomal subunit NA
GO:0022627 cytosolic small ribosomal subunit CC The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. 30S ribosomal subunit NA
GO:0000313 organellar ribosome CC A ribosome contained within a subcellular membrane-bounded organelle. NA NA
GO:0000315 organellar large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). NA NA
GO:0000323 lytic vacuole CC A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases. NA NA
GO:0000502 proteasome complex CC A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core. 26S proteasome NA
GO:0001558 regulation of cell growth BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. NA NA
GO:0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration BP Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. ameboid cell migration NA
GO:0001669 acrosomal vesicle CC A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome. acrosomal granule NA
GO:0001678 cellular glucose homeostasis BP A cellular homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within a cell or between a cell and its external environment. cell glucose homeostasis NA
GO:0002181 cytoplasmic translation BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. NA NA
GO:0003012 muscle system process BP A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers. muscle physiological process NA
GO:0003735 structural constituent of ribosome MF The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome. ribosomal protein NA
GO:0003743 translation initiation factor activity MF Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. GO:0003744 GO:0003744
GO:0006457 protein folding BP The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. alpha-tubulin folding NA
GO:0043292 contractile fiber CC Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre NA
GO:0005764 lysosome CC A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. NA NA
GO:0004298 threonine-type endopeptidase activity MF Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. 26S protease NA
GO:0004857 enzyme inhibitor activity MF Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme. metalloenzyme inhibitor activity NA
GO:0005840 ribosome CC An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. free ribosome NA
GO:0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. inner mitochondrial membrane NA
GO:0005746 mitochondrial respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. mitochondrial electron transport chain NA
GO:0005747 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I CC A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. GO:0005748 GO:0005748
GO:0005759 mitochondrial matrix CC The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. mitochondrial lumen NA
GO:0005761 mitochondrial ribosome CC A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes. 55S ribosome, mitochondrial NA
GO:0005762 mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). 39S ribosomal subunit, mitochondrial NA
GO:0005798 Golgi-associated vesicle CC Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell. Golgi vesicle NA
GO:0030137 COPI-coated vesicle CC A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport. coatomer NA
GO:0030134 COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle CC A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport). COPII vesicle NA
GO:0030133 transport vesicle CC Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell. constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle NA
GO:0030141 secretory granule CC A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. secretory vesicle NA
GO:0030658 transport vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a transport vesicle. constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle membrane NA
GO:0005839 proteasome core complex CC A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex. 20S core complex NA
GO:0005844 polysome CC A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA. They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. polyribosome NA
GO:0005852 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex CC A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs. eIF-3 NA
GO:0006091 generation of precursor metabolites and energy BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. energy pathways NA
GO:0006364 rRNA processing BP Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules. 35S primary transcript processing NA
GO:0006413 translational initiation BP The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. biopolymerisation NA
GO:0006417 regulation of translation BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. regulation of protein anabolism NA
GO:0006605 protein targeting BP The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif. nascent polypeptide association NA
GO:0072593 reactive oxygen species metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. reactive oxygen species metabolism NA
GO:0006888 ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport BP The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi. anterograde (ER to Golgi) transport NA
GO:0006979 response to oxidative stress BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. NA NA
GO:0007005 mitochondrion organization BP A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. mitochondria organization NA
GO:0008021 synaptic vesicle CC A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the ‘active zone’ of the presynaptic plasma membrane. docked vesicle NA
GO:0008097 5S rRNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome. NA NA
GO:0008135 translation factor activity, RNA binding MF Functions during translation by interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome. translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding NA
GO:0008250 oligosaccharyltransferase complex CC A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected. oligosaccharyl transferase complex NA
GO:0009123 nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. nucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009141 nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. nucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009150 purine ribonucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. purine ribonucleotide metabolism NA
GO:0009161 ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009199 ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009205 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism NA
GO:0009259 ribonucleotide metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. ribonucleotide metabolism NA
GO:0010008 endosome membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. endosomal membrane NA
GO:0010257 NADH dehydrogenase complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NADH dehydrogenase complex. NA NA
GO:0010499 proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin. NA NA
GO:0012506 vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell. NA NA
GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton CC The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. NA NA
GO:0015934 large ribosomal subunit CC The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). ribosomal large subunit NA
GO:0015935 small ribosomal subunit CC The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome. ribosomal small subunit NA
GO:0016072 rRNA metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes. rRNA metabolism NA
GO:0045727 positive regulation of translation BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. activation of protein biosynthetic process NA
GO:0050821 protein stabilization BP Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation. lysosomal protein stabilization NA
GO:0019003 GDP binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GDP, guanosine 5’-diphosphate. NA NA
GO:0019693 ribose phosphate metabolic process BP The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. ribose phosphate metabolism NA
GO:0019843 rRNA binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA. NA NA
GO:0019866 organelle inner membrane CC The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. NA NA
GO:0022613 ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a complex containing RNA and proteins. Includes the biosynthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the ribonucleoprotein complex. ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0022618 ribonucleoprotein complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex. protein-RNA complex assembly NA
GO:0022626 cytosolic ribosome CC A ribosome located in the cytosol. 70S ribosome NA
GO:0030016 myofibril CC The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. striated muscle fiber NA
GO:0030017 sarcomere CC The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. NA NA
GO:0030117 membrane coat CC Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules. NA NA
GO:0030120 vesicle coat CC A membrane coat found on a coated vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030135 coated vesicle CC Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins. GO:0005909 GO:0005909
GO:0030307 positive regulation of cell growth BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. activation of cell growth NA
GO:0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030660 Golgi-associated vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus. Golgi vesicle membrane NA
GO:0030662 coated vesicle membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a coated vesicle. NA NA
GO:0030964 NADH dehydrogenase complex CC An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. Complex I NA
GO:0031227 intrinsic component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane NA
GO:0031902 late endosome membrane CC The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome. NA NA
GO:0032432 actin filament bundle CC An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. actin cable NA
GO:0032509 endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway BP The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the target compartment. endosome transport via MVB sorting pathway NA
GO:0032869 cellular response to insulin stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. NA NA
GO:0032981 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. mitochondrial complex I assembly NA
GO:0033108 mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly BP The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. NA NA
GO:0033218 amide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. NA NA
GO:0034248 regulation of cellular amide metabolic process BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. regulation of amide metabolism NA
GO:0034250 positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process BP Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. positive regulation of amide metabolism NA
GO:0034976 response to endoplasmic reticulum stress BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress NA
GO:0042273 ribosomal large subunit biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a large ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0042274 ribosomal small subunit biogenesis BP A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosomal small subunit biogenesis and assembly NA
GO:0042277 peptide binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. NA NA
GO:0042383 sarcolemma CC The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. NA NA
GO:0042788 polysomal ribosome CC A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. active ribosome NA
GO:0043021 ribonucleoprotein complex binding MF Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any complex of RNA and protein. protein-RNA complex binding NA
GO:0044391 ribosomal subunit CC Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. NA NA
GO:0044431 Golgi apparatus part CC Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. Golgi component NA
GO:0044437 vacuolar part CC Any constituent part of a vacuole, a closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. vacuole component NA
GO:0044440 endosomal part CC Any constituent part of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. endosomal subcomponent NA
GO:0044445 cytosolic part CC Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. cytosol component NA
GO:0044449 contractile fiber part CC Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. contractile fibre component NA
GO:0044455 mitochondrial membrane part CC Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. NA NA
GO:0045271 respiratory chain complex I CC Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex. electron transport complex I NA
GO:0048193 Golgi vesicle transport BP The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles. Golgi-derived vesicle transport NA
GO:0048475 coated membrane CC A single or double lipid bilayer with any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes. NA NA
GO:0051098 regulation of binding BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. NA NA
GO:0051099 positive regulation of binding BP Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. activation of binding NA
GO:0052547 regulation of peptidase activity BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. peptidase regulator activity NA
GO:0070003 threonine-type peptidase activity MF Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. NA NA
GO:0070069 cytochrome complex CC A protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions. NA NA
GO:0070382 exocytic vesicle CC A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. exocytic constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle NA
GO:0070469 respiratory chain CC The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. membrane electron transport chain NA
GO:0071322 cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus BP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. NA NA
GO:0071604 transforming growth factor beta production BP The appearance of any member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Transforming growth factor-beta family members include TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3. TGF-B production NA
GO:0071634 regulation of transforming growth factor beta production BP Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta. regulation of TGF-B production NA
GO:0071826 ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organization BP Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex. protein-RNA complex subunit organization NA
GO:0071985 multivesicular body sorting pathway BP A vesicle-mediated transport process in which transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated to facilitate their entry into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs); upon subsequent fusion of MVBs with lysosomes or vacuoles, the cargo proteins are degraded. NA NA
GO:0098791 Golgi subcompartment CC A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of the Golgi Apparatus. NA NA
GO:0098798 mitochondrial protein complex CC A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. NA NA
GO:0098800 inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex CC Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. NA NA
GO:0098803 respiratory chain complex CC Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain NA NA
GO:1901652 response to peptide BP NA NA NA
GO:1901653 cellular response to peptide BP NA NA NA
GO:1901681 sulfur compound binding MF NA sulfur molecular entity binding NA
GO:1905368 peptidase complex CC A protein complex which is capable of peptidase activity. protease complex NA
GO:1905369 endopeptidase complex CC A protein complex which is capable of endopeptidase activity. NA NA