Comparatives Dieta_Tables Plot
Comparatives Dieta_Tables
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0071496 | cellular response to external stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0010810 | regulation of cell-substrate adhesion | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0010631 | epithelial cell migration | BP | The orderly movement of an epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. | NA | NA |
| GO:0090130 | tissue migration | BP | The process in which the population of cells that make up a tissue undergo directed movement. | NA | NA |
| GO:0090132 | epithelium migration | BP | The process in which the population of cells that make up an epithelium undergo directed movement. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001666 | response to hypoxia | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. | response to hypoxic stress | NA |
| GO:0090287 | regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus | BP | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0002262 | myeloid cell homeostasis | BP | The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of myeloid cells such that the total number of myeloid cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006778 | porphyrin-containing compound metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrins consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group. | porphyrin metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0042168 | heme metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring. | haem metabolic process | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0019838 | growth factor binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any growth factor, proteins or polypeptides that stimulate a cell or organism to grow or proliferate. | neurotrophin TRK receptor activity | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006605 | protein targeting | BP | The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif. | nascent polypeptide association | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005201 | extracellular matrix structural constituent | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. | extracellular matrix glycoprotein | NA |
| GO:0050840 | extracellular matrix binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a component of the extracellular matrix. | adhesive extracellular matrix constituent | NA |
| GO:0031012 | extracellular matrix | CC | A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. | proteinaceous extracellular matrix | NA |
| GO:0062023 | collagen-containing extracellular matrix | CC | An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0031589 | cell-substrate adhesion | BP | The attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0043292 | contractile fiber | CC | Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre | NA |
| GO:0030017 | sarcomere | CC | The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044449 | contractile fiber part | CC | Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre component | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0034446 | substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading | BP | The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate. | cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0042383 | sarcolemma | CC | The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005911 | cell-cell junction | CC | A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals. | intercellular junction | NA |
| GO:0044291 | cell-cell contact zone | CC | Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. | cell cell contact zone | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0014706 | striated muscle tissue development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0060537 | muscle tissue development | BP | The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005201 | extracellular matrix structural constituent | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. | extracellular matrix glycoprotein | NA |
| GO:0050840 | extracellular matrix binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a component of the extracellular matrix. | adhesive extracellular matrix constituent | NA |
| GO:0031012 | extracellular matrix | CC | A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. | proteinaceous extracellular matrix | NA |
| GO:0062023 | collagen-containing extracellular matrix | CC | An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0031589 | cell-substrate adhesion | BP | The attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0043292 | contractile fiber | CC | Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre | NA |
| GO:0030017 | sarcomere | CC | The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044449 | contractile fiber part | CC | Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre component | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0034446 | substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading | BP | The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate. | cell spreading during cell substrate adhesion | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0042383 | sarcolemma | CC | The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005911 | cell-cell junction | CC | A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals. | intercellular junction | NA |
| GO:0044291 | cell-cell contact zone | CC | Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. | cell cell contact zone | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0014706 | striated muscle tissue development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0060537 | muscle tissue development | BP | The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0014706 | striated muscle tissue development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0060537 | muscle tissue development | BP | The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. | NA | NA |
Comparatives Fenotip_Tables Plot
Comparatives Fenotip_Tables
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005746 | mitochondrial respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | mitochondrial electron transport chain | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0044455 | mitochondrial membrane part | CC | Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0098800 | inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0019866 | organelle inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005743 | mitochondrial inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. | inner mitochondrial membrane | NA |
| GO:0098798 | mitochondrial protein complex | CC | A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098803 | respiratory chain complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005743 | mitochondrial inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. | inner mitochondrial membrane | NA |
| GO:0098798 | mitochondrial protein complex | CC | A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098803 | respiratory chain complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
Comparatives Genotip_Tables Plot
Comparatives Genotip_Tables
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0042788 | polysomal ribosome | CC | A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. | active ribosome | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0044445 | cytosolic part | CC | Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. | cytosol component | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003735 | structural constituent of ribosome | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome. | ribosomal protein | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0043209 | myelin sheath | CC | An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. | astrocyte sheath | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005743 | mitochondrial inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. | inner mitochondrial membrane | NA |
| GO:0006091 | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. | energy pathways | NA |
| GO:0009123 | nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009126 | purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009141 | nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009144 | purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009150 | purine ribonucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | purine ribonucleotide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009161 | ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009167 | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009199 | ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009205 | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0019866 | organelle inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. | NA | NA |
| GO:0046034 | ATP metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. | ATP metabolism | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0045277 | respiratory chain complex IV | CC | A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). | cytochrome c oxidase complex | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003954 | NADH dehydrogenase activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor. | beta-NADH dehydrogenase dinucleotide activity | NA |
| GO:0005747 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I | CC | A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. | GO:0005748 | GO:0005748 |
| GO:0030964 | NADH dehydrogenase complex | CC | An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. | Complex I | NA |
| GO:0045271 | respiratory chain complex I | CC | Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex. | electron transport complex I | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0044391 | ribosomal subunit | CC | Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. | NA | NA |
| GO:0097223 | sperm part | CC | Any constituent part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005746 | mitochondrial respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | mitochondrial electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0044455 | mitochondrial membrane part | CC | Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098798 | mitochondrial protein complex | CC | A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098800 | inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005840 | ribosome | CC | An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. | free ribosome | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0015934 | large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | ribosomal large subunit | NA |
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0098803 | respiratory chain complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0044391 | ribosomal subunit | CC | Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. | NA | NA |
| GO:0097223 | sperm part | CC | Any constituent part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005746 | mitochondrial respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | mitochondrial electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0044455 | mitochondrial membrane part | CC | Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098798 | mitochondrial protein complex | CC | A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098800 | inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005840 | ribosome | CC | An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. | free ribosome | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0015934 | large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | ribosomal large subunit | NA |
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0098803 | respiratory chain complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005840 | ribosome | CC | An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. | free ribosome | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0015934 | large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | ribosomal large subunit | NA |
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0098803 | respiratory chain complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain | NA | NA |
Comparatives Mares_Tables Plot
Comparatives Mares_Tables
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0007029 | endoplasmic reticulum organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum. | endoplasmic reticulum morphology | NA |
| GO:0070936 | protein K48-linked ubiquitination | BP | A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 48 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K48-linked ubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation. | protein K48-linked polyubiquitination | NA |
| GO:1904666 | regulation of ubiquitin protein ligase activity | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin protein ligase activity. | regulation of APC-fizzy related complex activity | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000302 | response to reactive oxygen species | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals. | response to active oxygen species | NA |
| GO:0003015 | heart process | BP | A circulatory system process carried out by the heart. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. | cardiac process | NA |
| GO:0006986 | response to unfolded protein | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus. | heat shock protein activity | NA |
| GO:0004864 | protein phosphatase inhibitor activity | MF | Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protein phosphatase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphate groups from phosphorylated proteins. | phosphoprotein phosphatase inhibitor activity | NA |
| GO:0030246 | carbohydrate binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates. | selectin | NA |
| GO:0031386 | protein tag | MF | A molecular function exhibited by a protein that is covalently attached (AKA tagged or conjugated) to another protein where it acts as a marker, recognized by the cellular apparatus to target the tagged protein for some cellular process such as modification, sequestration, transport or degradation. | covalent modifier | NA |
| GO:0005751 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV | CC | A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). | GO:0005752 | GO:0005752 |
| GO:0005911 | cell-cell junction | CC | A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells in a multicellular organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals. | intercellular junction | NA |
| GO:0005924 | cell-substrate adherens junction | CC | An adherens junction which connects a cell to the extracellular matrix. | hemi-adherens junction | NA |
| GO:0005925 | focal adhesion | CC | Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments. | adhesion plaque | NA |
| GO:0006613 | cotranslational protein targeting to membrane | BP | The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation. The transport of most secretory proteins, particularly those with more than 100 amino acids, into the endoplasmic reticulum lumen occurs in this manner, as does the import of some proteins into mitochondria. | cotranslational membrane targeting | NA |
| GO:0006614 | SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane | BP | The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane. | ER translocation | NA |
| GO:0006839 | mitochondrial transport | BP | Transport of substances into, out of or within a mitochondrion. | mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate/malate transport | NA |
| GO:0006914 | autophagy | BP | The cellular catabolic process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. | GO:0016238 | GO:0016238 |
| GO:0006937 | regulation of muscle contraction | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction. | NA | NA |
| GO:0006939 | smooth muscle contraction | BP | A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length. | visceral muscle contraction | NA |
| GO:0007015 | actin filament organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments. Includes processes that control the spatial distribution of actin filaments, such as organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. | actin filament organisation | NA |
| GO:0007565 | female pregnancy | BP | The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth. | carrying of young | NA |
| GO:0008154 | actin polymerization or depolymerization | BP | Assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament. | NA | NA |
| GO:0008287 | protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex | CC | A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010950 | positive regulation of endopeptidase activity | BP | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010952 | positive regulation of peptidase activity | BP | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. | NA | NA |
| GO:0016358 | dendrite development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. | NA | NA |
| GO:0016860 | intramolecular oxidoreductase activity | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears. | intramolecular isomerase activity | NA |
| GO:0019208 | phosphatase regulator activity | MF | Modulates the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019212 | phosphatase inhibitor activity | MF | Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a substrate molecule. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019888 | protein phosphatase regulator activity | MF | Modulates the activity of a protein phosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the removal of a phosphate group from a protein substrate molecule. | calcineurin regulator activity | NA |
| GO:0030018 | Z disc | CC | Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached. | Z band | NA |
| GO:0030027 | lamellipodium | CC | A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030055 | cell-substrate junction | CC | A cell junction that forms a connection between a cell and the extracellular matrix. | cell-matrix junction | NA |
| GO:0030286 | dynein complex | CC | Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity. | NA | NA |
| GO:0031331 | positive regulation of cellular catabolic process | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. | activation of cellular catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0032970 | regulation of actin filament-based process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042599 | lamellar body | CC | A membrane-bounded organelle, specialized for the storage and secretion of various substances (surfactant phospholipids, glycoproteins and acid phosphates) which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae. Has some similar properties to, but is distinct from, a lysosome. | keratinosome | NA |
| GO:0042692 | muscle cell differentiation | BP | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a muscle cell. | myogenesis | NA |
| GO:0043280 | positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process | BP | Any process that activates or increases the activity of a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process. | activation of caspase activity | NA |
| GO:0045047 | protein targeting to ER | BP | The process of directing proteins towards the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) using signals contained within the protein. One common mechanism uses a 16- to 30-residue signal sequence, typically located at the N-terminus of the protein and containing positively charged amino acids followed by a continuous stretch of hydrophobic residues, which directs the ribosome to the ER membrane and initiates transport of the growing polypeptide across the ER membrane. | protein targeting to endoplasmic reticulum | NA |
| GO:0045862 | positive regulation of proteolysis | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. | activation of proteolysis | NA |
| GO:0048029 | monosaccharide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any monosaccharide. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; they are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H[CHOH]nC(=O)[CHOH]mH with three or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides. | NA | NA |
| GO:0048608 | reproductive structure development | BP | The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. | NA | NA |
| GO:0048680 | positive regulation of axon regeneration | BP | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of axon regeneration. | activation of axon regeneration | NA |
| GO:0048863 | stem cell differentiation | BP | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0050665 | hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA. | H2O2 biosynthetic process | NA |
| GO:0051222 | positive regulation of protein transport | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. | activation of protein transport | NA |
| GO:0051258 | protein polymerization | BP | The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein. | protein polymer biosynthesis | NA |
| GO:0052548 | regulation of endopeptidase activity | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. | protease regulator activity | NA |
| GO:0061919 | process utilizing autophagic mechanism | BP | A cellular process involving delivery of a portion of the cytoplasm to lysosomes or to the plant or fungal vacuole that does not involve direct transport through the endocytic or vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) pathways. This process typically leads to degradation of the cargo; however, it can also be used to deliver resident proteins, such as in the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070972 | protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum | BP | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the endoplasmic reticulum. | protein localisation in endoplasmic reticulum | NA |
| GO:0072599 | establishment of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum | BP | The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the endoplasmic reticulum. | establishment of protein localisation to endoplasmic reticulum | NA |
| GO:0090257 | regulation of muscle system process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a muscle system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in a muscle system. | NA | NA |
| GO:0097709 | connective tissue replacement | BP | The series of events leading to growth of connective tissue when loss of tissues that are incapable of regeneration occurs, or when fibrinous exudate cannot be adequately cleared. | NA | NA |
| GO:1903293 | phosphatase complex | CC | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1903409 | reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process | BP | NA | reactive oxygen species anabolism | NA |
| GO:1903426 | regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process | BP | NA | regulation of reactive oxygen species anabolism | NA |
| GO:1903522 | regulation of blood circulation | BP | NA | regulation of hemolymph circulation | NA |
| GO:1905475 | regulation of protein localization to membrane | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to membrane. | regulation of protein localisation in membrane | NA |
| GO:2000116 | regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. | regulation of lysosomal cysteine-type endopeptidase | NA |
| GO:2001056 | positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. | positive regulation of lysosomal cysteine-type endopeptidase | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000054 | ribosomal subunit export from nucleus | BP | The directed movement of a ribosomal subunit from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. | ribosomal subunit export from cell nucleus | NA |
| GO:0005685 | U1 snRNP | CC | A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U1. | snRNP U1 | NA |
| GO:0033750 | ribosome localization | BP | A process in which a ribosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. | establishment of ribosome localisation | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003746 | translation elongation factor activity | MF | Functions in chain elongation during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome. | GO:0008182 | GO:0008182 |
| GO:0006278 | RNA-dependent DNA biosynthetic process | BP | A DNA biosynthetic process that uses RNA as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (e.g. reverse transcriptase) that synthesize the new strand. | NA | NA |
| GO:0006816 | calcium ion transport | BP | The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. | calcium transport | NA |
| GO:0007004 | telomere maintenance via telomerase | BP | The maintenance of proper telomeric length by the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase. | telomerase-dependent telomere maintenance | NA |
| GO:0010833 | telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening | BP | Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins and lengthening the telomeric DNA. | NA | NA |
| GO:0016853 | isomerase activity | MF | Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5. | other isomerase activity | NA |
| GO:0032206 | positive regulation of telomere maintenance | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process that affects and monitors the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA. | activation of telomere maintenance | NA |
| GO:0032210 | regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032212 | positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase. | activation of telomere maintenance via telomerase | NA |
| GO:0035690 | cellular response to drug | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a drug stimulus. A drug is a substance used in the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of a disease. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042177 | negative regulation of protein catabolic process | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. | down regulation of protein catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0050854 | regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell. | regulation of antigen receptor mediated signalling pathway | NA |
| GO:0051972 | regulation of telomerase activity | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Telomerases catalyze extension of the 3’- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time using an internal RNA template that encodes the telomeric repeat sequence. | telomerase regulator | NA |
| GO:0051973 | positive regulation of telomerase activity | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). | activation of telomerase activity | NA |
| GO:0070838 | divalent metal ion transport | BP | The directed movement of divalent metal cations, any metal ion with a +2 electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. | NA | NA |
| GO:0072511 | divalent inorganic cation transport | BP | The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of two into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage. | NA | NA |
| GO:1903311 | regulation of mRNA metabolic process | BP | NA | regulation of mRNA metabolism | NA |
| GO:1903312 | negative regulation of mRNA metabolic process | BP | NA | down regulation of mRNA metabolic process | NA |
| GO:1903320 | regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal | BP | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1903363 | negative regulation of cellular protein catabolic process | BP | NA | down regulation of cellular protein breakdown | NA |
| GO:2000573 | positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process. | positive regulation of DNA anabolism | NA |
| GO:2001235 | positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. | positive regulation of apoptotic signalling pathway | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0050840 | extracellular matrix binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a component of the extracellular matrix. | adhesive extracellular matrix constituent | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001755 | neural crest cell migration | BP | The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo. | NA | NA |
| GO:0005811 | lipid droplet | CC | An intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle comprising a matrix of coalesced lipids surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. May include associated proteins. | adiposome | NA |
| GO:0044772 | mitotic cell cycle phase transition | BP | The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next mitotic cell cycle phase. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044770 | cell cycle phase transition | BP | The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next cell cycle phase. | cell cycle transition | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000307 | cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex | CC | Cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) are enzyme complexes that contain a kinase catalytic subunit associated with a regulatory cyclin partner. | CDK holoenzyme | NA |
| GO:0006790 | sulfur compound metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element sulfur or compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione. | sulfur metabolism | NA |
| GO:0016055 | Wnt signaling pathway | BP | The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state. | frizzled signaling pathway | NA |
| GO:0016485 | protein processing | BP | Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. | peptidolysis during protein maturation | NA |
| GO:0007179 | transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway | BP | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a transforming growth factor beta receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. | TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway | NA |
| GO:0017015 | regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activity of any TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway. | regulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway | NA |
| GO:0030198 | extracellular matrix organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix. | extracellular matrix organisation | NA |
| GO:0043062 | extracellular structure organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures in the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane, and also covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. | extracellular structure organisation | NA |
| GO:0045785 | positive regulation of cell adhesion | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion. | activation of cell adhesion | NA |
| GO:0050673 | epithelial cell proliferation | BP | The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Epithelial cells make up the epithelium, the covering of internal and external surfaces of the body, including the lining of vessels and other small cavities. It consists of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances. | NA | NA |
| GO:0050678 | regulation of epithelial cell proliferation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051341 | regulation of oxidoreductase activity | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced. | oxidoreductase regulator | NA |
| GO:0090130 | tissue migration | BP | The process in which the population of cells that make up a tissue undergo directed movement. | NA | NA |
| GO:0090132 | epithelium migration | BP | The process in which the population of cells that make up an epithelium undergo directed movement. | NA | NA |
| GO:1903317 | regulation of protein maturation | BP | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1903844 | regulation of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus | BP | NA | regulation of cellular response to TGF-beta stimulus | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005770 | late endosome | CC | A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center. | prevacuolar compartment | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000339 | RNA cap binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) group or derivative located at the 5’ end of an RNA molecule. | binding to mRNA cap | NA |
| GO:0000463 | maturation of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) | BP | Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, and Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5’ to 3’ along the primary transcript. | NA | NA |
| GO:0000932 | P-body | CC | A focus in the cytoplasm where mRNAs may become inactivated by decapping or some other mechanism. Protein and RNA localized to these foci are involved in mRNA degradation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), translational repression, and RNA-mediated gene silencing. | cytoplasmic foci | NA |
| GO:0002089 | lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye | BP | The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. | lens morphogenesis | NA |
| GO:0002199 | zona pellucida receptor complex | CC | A multisubunit complex comprising the chaperonin-containing T-complex and several other components involved in mediating sperm-oocyte Interaction. | sperm protein complex I | NA |
| GO:0003209 | cardiac atrium morphogenesis | BP | The process in which the cardiac atrium is generated and organized. A cardiac atrium receives blood from a vein and pumps it to a cardiac ventricle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003229 | ventricular cardiac muscle tissue development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of ventricular cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. | ventricular myocardium development | NA |
| GO:0051208 | sequestering of calcium ion | BP | The process of binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. | calcium ion (Ca2+) retention | NA |
| GO:0006099 | tricarboxylic acid cycle | BP | A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle. | citric acid cycle | NA |
| GO:0006101 | citrate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate. Citrate is widely distributed in nature and is an important intermediate in the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle. | citrate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0006103 | 2-oxoglutarate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxoglutarate, the dianion of 2-oxoglutaric acid. It is a key constituent of the TCA cycle and a key intermediate in amino-acid metabolism. | 2-ketoglutarate metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0006164 | purine nucleotide biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | purine nucleotide anabolism | NA |
| GO:0006754 | ATP biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5’-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. | ATP anabolism | NA |
| GO:0006900 | vesicle budding from membrane | BP | The evagination of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. | membrane evagination | NA |
| GO:0009142 | nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside triphosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009145 | purine nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside triphosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009152 | purine ribonucleotide biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | purine ribonucleotide anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009201 | ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside triphosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009206 | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009260 | ribonucleotide biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | ribonucleotide anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009408 | response to heat | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. | response to heat shock | NA |
| GO:0009749 | response to glucose | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. | response to glucose stimulus | NA |
| GO:0010522 | regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol | BP | Any process that modulates the rate of the directed movement of calcium ions into the cytosol of a cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010769 | regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing to cell differentiation. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism’s life history. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010976 | positive regulation of neuron projection development | BP | Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). | positive regulation of neurite biosynthesis | NA |
| GO:0021954 | central nervous system neuron development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the central nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030516 | regulation of axon extension | BP | Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon extension. | NA | NA |
| GO:0031234 | extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane | CC | The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its cytoplasmic surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. | extrinsic to cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane | NA |
| GO:0031514 | motile cilium | CC | A cilium which may have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors. It may beat with a whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface, such as on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues; or they may display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization. Motile cilia can be found in single as well as multiple copies per cell. | microtubule-based flagellum | NA |
| GO:0032587 | ruffle membrane | CC | The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a ruffle. | membrane ruffle | NA |
| GO:0032868 | response to insulin | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. | response to insulin stimulus | NA |
| GO:0034249 | negative regulation of cellular amide metabolic process | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. | negative regulation of amide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0034605 | cellular response to heat | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism. | cellular response to heat stress | NA |
| GO:0035459 | cargo loading into vesicle | BP | The formation of a macromolecular complex between the coat proteins and proteins and/or lipoproteins that are going to be transported by a vesicle. | cargo selection | NA |
| GO:0035773 | insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus | BP | The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules (B granules) in the B cells of the pancreas; accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin, in response to a glucose stimulus. | insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose | NA |
| GO:0036126 | sperm flagellum | CC | A microtubule-based flagellum (or cilium) that is part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. | sperm cilium | NA |
| GO:0043254 | regulation of protein complex assembly | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly. | NA | NA |
| GO:0043648 | dicarboxylic acid metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-). | dicarboxylate metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0045177 | apical part of cell | CC | The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue. | NA | NA |
| GO:0046390 | ribose phosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. | ribose phosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0048638 | regulation of developmental growth | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of developmental growth. | NA | NA |
| GO:0048644 | muscle organ morphogenesis | BP | The process in which the anatomical structures of muscle are generated and organized. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051282 | regulation of sequestering of calcium ion | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. | regulation of calcium ion (Ca2+) retention | NA |
| GO:0055010 | ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis | BP | The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac ventricle muscle is generated and organized. | cardiac ventricle muscle morphogenesis | NA |
| GO:0061387 | regulation of extent of cell growth | BP | Any process that modulates the extent of cell growth. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070296 | sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ion transport | BP | The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into, out of or within the sarcoplasmic reticulum. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071326 | cellular response to monosaccharide stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monosaccharide stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071331 | cellular response to hexose stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hexose stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0072522 | purine-containing compound biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. | purine and derivative biosynthetic process | NA |
| GO:0090110 | cargo loading into COPII-coated vesicle | BP | The formation of a macromolecular complex between the COPII coat proteins and proteins and/or lipoproteins that are going to be transported by the COPII vesicle to the Golgi. | cargo loading into COPII vesicle | NA |
| GO:0090114 | COPII-coated vesicle budding | BP | The evagination of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane, resulting in formation of a COPII-coated vesicle. | COPII vesicle budding | NA |
| GO:0097718 | disordered domain specific binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a disordered domain of a protein. | disordered protein domain specific binding | NA |
| GO:0097729 | 9+2 motile cilium | CC | A motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets plus two central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+2 axoneme). | conventional motile cilium | NA |
| GO:0098760 | response to interleukin-7 | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-7 stimulus. | response to IL-7 | NA |
| GO:0098761 | cellular response to interleukin-7 | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-7 stimulus. | cellular response to IL-7 | NA |
| GO:0150034 | distal axon | CC | NA | distal part of axon | NA |
| GO:1901293 | nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process | BP | NA | nucleoside phosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:1903169 | regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport | BP | NA | regulation of calcium ion membrane transport | NA |
| GO:1903829 | positive regulation of cellular protein localization | BP | NA | activation of cellular protein localisation | NA |
| GO:1903902 | positive regulation of viral life cycle | BP | NA | activation of lytic viral life cycle | NA |
| GO:1905214 | regulation of RNA binding | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA binding. | NA | NA |
| GO:2000027 | regulation of animal organ morphogenesis | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis. | regulation of histogenesis and organogenesis | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003231 | cardiac ventricle development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. | NA | NA |
| GO:0007033 | vacuole organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole. | vacuolar assembly | NA |
| GO:0010523 | negative regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol | BP | Any process that decreases the rate of the directed movement of calcium ions into the cytosol of a cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014706 | striated muscle tissue development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0031589 | cell-substrate adhesion | BP | The attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. | NA | NA |
| GO:0048771 | tissue remodeling | BP | The reorganization or renovation of existing tissues. This process can either change the characteristics of a tissue such as in blood vessel remodeling, or result in the dynamic equilibrium of a tissue such as in bone remodeling. | NA | NA |
| GO:0060537 | muscle tissue development | BP | The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001666 | response to hypoxia | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. | response to hypoxic stress | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0051082 | unfolded protein binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein. | binding unfolded ER proteins | NA |
| GO:0000209 | protein polyubiquitination | BP | Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain. | polyubiquitin | NA |
| GO:0016469 | proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex | CC | A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible. | hydrogen-transporting two-sector ATPase complex | NA |
| GO:0003924 | GTPase activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate. | ARF small monomeric GTPase activity | NA |
| GO:0000276 | mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) | CC | All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001701 | in utero embryonic development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001725 | stress fiber | CC | A contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity, cross-linked by alpha-actinin and possibly other actin bundling proteins, and with myosin present in a periodic distribution along the fiber. | actin cable | NA |
| GO:0001726 | ruffle | CC | Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. | membrane ruffle | NA |
| GO:0001882 | nucleoside binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001883 | purine nucleoside binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a purine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. | NA | NA |
| GO:0002183 | cytoplasmic translational initiation | BP | The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in the cytoplasm. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003013 | circulatory system process | BP | A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003727 | single-stranded RNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with single-stranded RNA. | ssRNA binding | NA |
| GO:0003729 | mRNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with messenger RNA (mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. mRNA includes UTR and coding sequences, but does not contain introns. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003730 | mRNA 3’-UTR binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 3’ untranslated region of an mRNA molecule. | mRNA 3’ UTR binding | NA |
| GO:0006936 | muscle contraction | BP | A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. | NA | NA |
| GO:0046933 | proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism | MF | Enables the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + H2O + phosphate + H+(in) = ATP + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism. | H+-transporting ATP synthase activity | NA |
| GO:0003954 | NADH dehydrogenase activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor. | beta-NADH dehydrogenase dinucleotide activity | NA |
| GO:0019829 | cation-transporting ATPase activity | MF | Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + cation(out) = ADP + phosphate + cation(in). | cation ABC transporter | NA |
| GO:0042626 | ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane. | ABC transporter | NA |
| GO:0004129 | cytochrome-c oxidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O. | aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase | NA |
| GO:0005200 | structural constituent of cytoskeleton | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure. | NA | NA |
| GO:0005525 | GTP binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0005635 | nuclear envelope | CC | The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). | GO:0005636 | GO:0005636 |
| GO:0005753 | mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex | CC | A proton-transporting ATP synthase complex found in the mitochondrial membrane. | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V | NA |
| GO:0045263 | proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) | CC | All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins. | hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) | NA |
| GO:0005758 | mitochondrial intermembrane space | CC | The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope. | mitochondrial envelope lumen | NA |
| GO:0005838 | proteasome regulatory particle | CC | A multisubunit complex, which caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex. This complex recognizes and unfolds ubiquitinated proteins, and translocates them to the proteasome core complex. | 19S regulatory particle | NA |
| GO:0005885 | Arp2/3 protein complex | CC | A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022904 | respiratory electron transport chain | BP | A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | 6-phosphofructokinase reduction | NA |
| GO:0006119 | oxidative phosphorylation | BP | The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. | respiratory-chain phosphorylation | NA |
| GO:0006120 | mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone | BP | The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I. | complex I (NADH to ubiquinone) | NA |
| GO:0006123 | mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen | BP | The transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex IV. | complex IV (reduction of O2) | NA |
| GO:0022900 | electron transport chain | BP | A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | NA | NA |
| GO:0006163 | purine nucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | purine metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0008143 | poly(A) binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of adenylyl residues in an RNA molecule, such as the poly(A) tail, a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3’ end of eukaryotic mRNA. | poly(A) binding, within an RNA molecule | NA |
| GO:0006446 | regulation of translational initiation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0006470 | protein dephosphorylation | BP | The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein. | protein amino acid dephosphorylation | NA |
| GO:0006611 | protein export from nucleus | BP | The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. | copper-induced protein export from nucleus | NA |
| GO:0006874 | cellular calcium ion homeostasis | BP | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell. | regulation of calcium ion concentration | NA |
| GO:0007409 | axonogenesis | BP | De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, including the terminal branched region. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon, which carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. | axon growth | NA |
| GO:0008015 | blood circulation | BP | The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products. | hemolymph circulation | NA |
| GO:0008137 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol. | coenzyme Q reductase activity | NA |
| GO:0008180 | COP9 signalosome | CC | A protein complex that catalyzes the deneddylation of proteins, including the cullin component of SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase; deneddylation increases the activity of cullin family ubiquitin ligases. The signalosome is involved in many regulatory process, including some which control development, in many species; also regulates photomorphogenesis in plants; in many species its subunits are highly similar to those of the proteasome. | COP9 complex | NA |
| GO:0008361 | regulation of cell size | BP | Any process that modulates the size of a cell. | cell size control | NA |
| GO:0015662 | ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism | MF | Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate. | P-type ATPase activity | NA |
| GO:0016651 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. | NAD(P)H dehydrogenase | NA |
| GO:0009060 | aerobic respiration | BP | The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. | NA | NA |
| GO:0009124 | nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside monophosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009126 | purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009127 | purine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside monophosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009144 | purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009156 | ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside monophosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009167 | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009168 | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0016032 | viral process | BP | A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, ‘complete’ its life cycle. | viral infection | NA |
| GO:0009895 | negative regulation of catabolic process | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. | down regulation of catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0009896 | positive regulation of catabolic process | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. | activation of catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0010171 | body morphogenesis | BP | The process in which the anatomical structures of the soma are generated and organized. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010256 | endomembrane system organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endomembrane system. | endomembrane organization | NA |
| GO:0010494 | cytoplasmic stress granule | CC | A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. | cytoplasmic mRNP granule | NA |
| GO:0010498 | proteasomal protein catabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome. | proteasome-mediated protein catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0010656 | negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process | BP | Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. | negative regulation of muscle cell apoptosis | NA |
| GO:0010657 | muscle cell apoptotic process | BP | A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle. | muscle cell apoptosis | NA |
| GO:0010660 | regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process | BP | Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. | regulation of muscle cell apoptosis | NA |
| GO:0010882 | regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction by changing the calcium ion signals that trigger contraction. | regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signalling | NA |
| GO:0010959 | regulation of metal ion transport | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metal ion transport. Metal ion transport is the directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014031 | mesenchymal cell development | BP | The process aimed at the progression of a mesenchymal cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014032 | neural crest cell development | BP | The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014033 | neural crest cell differentiation | BP | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neural crest cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014069 | postsynaptic density | CC | An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. | neuronal postsynaptic density | NA |
| GO:0014704 | intercalated disc | CC | A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. | intercalated disk | NA |
| GO:0015002 | heme-copper terminal oxidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the four-electron reduction of dioxygen (O2) to water, coupled to generation of a proton electrochemical gradient across a membrane. | haem-copper terminal oxidase activity | NA |
| GO:0015078 | proton transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Enables the transfer of a proton from one side of a membrane to the other. | hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity | NA |
| GO:0015399 | primary active transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute’s concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source, directly using ATP. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical, electrical and solar sources. | primary active transporter | NA |
| GO:0015405 | P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute’s concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source. | P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transporters | NA |
| GO:0015980 | energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released. | chemoorganotrophy | NA |
| GO:0015985 | energy coupled proton transport, down electrochemical gradient | BP | The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that provides energy for the synthesis of ATP or GTP. | NA | NA |
| GO:0015986 | ATP synthesis coupled proton transport | BP | The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis. | chemiosmosis | NA |
| GO:0016528 | sarcoplasm | CC | The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum. | NA | NA |
| GO:0016529 | sarcoplasmic reticulum | CC | A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage. | GO:0008221 | GO:0008221 |
| GO:0016655 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or a similar acceptor molecule. | oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, quinone or similar compound as acceptor | NA |
| GO:0016675 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on a heme group of donors | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. | oxidoreductase activity, acting on haem group of donors | NA |
| GO:0016676 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on a heme group of donors, oxygen as acceptor | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen. | oxidoreductase activity, acting on haem group of donors, oxygen as acceptor | NA |
| GO:0016999 | antibiotic metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. | antibiotic metabolism | NA |
| GO:0017148 | negative regulation of translation | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. | down regulation of protein biosynthetic process | NA |
| GO:0019001 | guanyl nucleotide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019081 | viral translation | BP | A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery. | viral protein anabolism | NA |
| GO:0019646 | aerobic electron transport chain | BP | A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | NADH-O2 electron transport | NA |
| GO:0022624 | proteasome accessory complex | CC | A protein complex, that caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex and regulates entry into, or exit from, the proteasome core complex. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022853 | active ion transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other up the solute’s concentration gradient. This is carried out by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction. | NA | NA |
| GO:0072503 | cellular divalent inorganic cation homeostasis | BP | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent cations at the level of a cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044403 | symbiont process | BP | A process carried out by symbiont gene products that enables a symbiotic interaction with a host organism. The various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms; mutualism, in which the association is advantageous, or often necessary to one or both and not harmful to either; and commensalism, in which one member of the association benefits while the other is not affected. However, mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism are often not discrete categories of interactions and should rather be perceived as a continuum of interaction ranging from parasitism to mutualism. In fact, the direction of a symbiotic interaction can change during the lifetime of the symbionts due to developmental changes as well as changes in the biotic/abiotic environment in which the interaction occurs. Microscopic symbionts are often referred to as endosymbionts. | commensalism | NA |
| GO:0031252 | cell leading edge | CC | The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement. | front of cell | NA |
| GO:0031330 | negative regulation of cellular catabolic process | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. | down regulation of cellular catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0031369 | translation initiation factor binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a translation initiation factor, any polypeptide factor involved in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0031625 | ubiquitin protein ligase binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins. | ubiquitin ligase binding | NA |
| GO:0031647 | regulation of protein stability | BP | Any process that affects the structure and integrity of a protein, altering the likelihood of its degradation or aggregation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0031672 | A band | CC | The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line. | A disc | NA |
| GO:0031674 | I band | CC | A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end. | I disc | NA |
| GO:0031970 | organelle envelope lumen | CC | The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope. | organelle intermembrane space | NA |
| GO:0032279 | asymmetric synapse | CC | A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density. Most or all synapses of this type are excitatory. | Gray’s type I synapse | NA |
| GO:0032386 | regulation of intracellular transport | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032535 | regulation of cellular component size | BP | A process that modulates the size of a cellular component. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032549 | ribonucleoside binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to ribose. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032550 | purine ribonucleoside binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a purine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to ribose. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032561 | guanyl ribonucleotide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a guanyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. | NA | NA |
| GO:0033119 | negative regulation of RNA splicing | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA splicing. | NA | NA |
| GO:0033500 | carbohydrate homeostasis | BP | A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a carbohydrate within an organism or cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0034314 | Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation | BP | The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins. | actin filament branch nucleation | NA |
| GO:0034614 | cellular response to reactive oxygen species | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals. | cellular response to active oxygen species | NA |
| GO:0034765 | regulation of ion transmembrane transport | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other. | regulation of ion membrane transport | NA |
| GO:0035304 | regulation of protein dephosphorylation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein. | regulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation | NA |
| GO:0035770 | ribonucleoprotein granule | CC | A non-membranous macromolecular complex containing proteins and translationally silenced mRNAs. RNA granules contain proteins that control the localization, stability, and translation of their RNA cargo. Different types of RNA granules (RGs) exist, depending on the cell type and cellular conditions. | mRNP granule | NA |
| GO:0036464 | cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | CC | A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. | Staufen granule | NA |
| GO:0042176 | regulation of protein catabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. | regulation of protein breakdown | NA |
| GO:0042255 | ribosome assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mature ribosome and of its subunits. | ribosomal subunit assembly | NA |
| GO:0042593 | glucose homeostasis | BP | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042625 | ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other, driven by the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. | ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions | NA |
| GO:0042641 | actomyosin | CC | Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins. | actomyosin complex | NA |
| GO:0042743 | hydrogen peroxide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA. | H2O2 metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0042773 | ATP synthesis coupled electron transport | BP | The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042775 | mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport | BP | The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane. | mitochondrial electron transport | NA |
| GO:0051260 | protein homooligomerization | BP | The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. | protein homooligomer assembly | NA |
| GO:0043024 | ribosomal small subunit binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of the small ribosomal subunit. | NA | NA |
| GO:0043161 | proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. | proteasomal pathway | NA |
| GO:0043197 | dendritic spine | CC | A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including “thin”, “stubby”, “mushroom”, and “branched”, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. | branched dendritic spine | NA |
| GO:0043209 | myelin sheath | CC | An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. | astrocyte sheath | NA |
| GO:0043393 | regulation of protein binding | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. | NA | NA |
| GO:0043434 | response to peptide hormone | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. | response to peptide hormone stimulus | NA |
| GO:0043492 | ATPase activity, coupled to movement of substances | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of a substance. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044291 | cell-cell contact zone | CC | Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. | cell cell contact zone | NA |
| GO:0044309 | neuron spine | CC | A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck. | spine | NA |
| GO:0044389 | ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin-like protein ligase, such as ubiquitin-ligase. | E3 protein ligase binding | NA |
| GO:0044769 | ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, rotational mechanism | MF | Enables the transfer of ions from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ion(in) = ADP + phosphate + ion(out), by a rotational mechanism. | NA | NA |
| GO:0045121 | membrane raft | CC | Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. | GEM domain | NA |
| GO:0045259 | proton-transporting ATP synthase complex | CC | A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism; the extramembrane sector (containing 3 a and 3 b subunits) is connected via the d-subunit to the membrane sector by several smaller subunits. Within this complex, the g and e subunits and the 9-12 c subunits rotate by consecutive 120 degree angles and perform parts of ATP synthesis. This movement is driven by the hydrogen ion electrochemical potential gradient. | F1-F0 complex | NA |
| GO:0045277 | respiratory chain complex IV | CC | A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). | cytochrome c oxidase complex | NA |
| GO:0045333 | cellular respiration | BP | The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration). | oxidative metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0045666 | positive regulation of neuron differentiation | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. | activation of neuron differentiation | NA |
| GO:0045927 | positive regulation of growth | BP | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism. | activation of growth | NA |
| GO:0046034 | ATP metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. | ATP metabolism | NA |
| GO:0048027 | mRNA 5’-UTR binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 5’ untranslated region of an mRNA molecule. | mRNA 5’ UTR binding | NA |
| GO:0048588 | developmental cell growth | BP | The growth of a cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from one condition to another. | developmental growth of a unicellular organism | NA |
| GO:0048675 | axon extension | BP | Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in cellular development. | axon extension involved in development | NA |
| GO:0048732 | gland development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A gland is an organ specialised for secretion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0048762 | mesenchymal cell differentiation | BP | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. | NA | NA |
| GO:0048864 | stem cell development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stem cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to its specific fate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0050136 | NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + a quinone = NAD+ + a quinol. | D-diaphorase activity | NA |
| GO:0051100 | negative regulation of binding | BP | Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. | down regulation of binding | NA |
| GO:0051117 | ATPase binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051168 | nuclear export | BP | The directed movement of substances out of the nucleus. | export from nucleus | NA |
| GO:0051235 | maintenance of location | BP | Any process in which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. | maintenance of localization | NA |
| GO:0051279 | regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. | regulation of calcium ion (Ca2+) mobilization | NA |
| GO:0051924 | regulation of calcium ion transport | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. | regulation of calcium transport | NA |
| GO:0055074 | calcium ion homeostasis | BP | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell. | regulation of calcium ion concentration | NA |
| GO:0061458 | reproductive system development | BP | The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070717 | poly-purine tract binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any stretch of purines (adenine or guanine) in an RNA molecule. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071333 | cellular response to glucose stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071375 | cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. | cellular response to polypeptide hormone stimulus | NA |
| GO:0072521 | purine-containing compound metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. | purine and derivative metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0072594 | establishment of protein localization to organelle | BP | The directed movement of a protein to a specific location on or in an organelle. Encompasses establishment of localization in the membrane or lumen of a membrane-bounded organelle. | establishment of protein localisation to organelle | NA |
| GO:0075522 | IRES-dependent viral translational initiation | BP | Process by which viral mRNA translation is initiated, where a domain in the 5’ untranslated region (UTR) of the viral mRNA called an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) binds the host 43S preinitiation complex, circumventing regular cap-dependent translation initiation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0097223 | sperm part | CC | Any constituent part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. | NA | NA |
| GO:0097517 | contractile actin filament bundle | CC | An actin filament bundle in which the filaments are loosely packed (approximately 30-60 nm apart) and arranged with opposing polarities; the loose packing allows myosin (usually myosin-II) to enter the bundle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098554 | cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane | CC | The side (leaflet) of the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098562 | cytoplasmic side of membrane | CC | The side of a membrane that faces the cytoplasm. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098589 | membrane region | CC | A membrane that is a part of a larger membrane. Examples include the apical region of the plasma membrane of an epithelial cell and the various regions of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. | region of membrane | NA |
| GO:0098857 | membrane microdomain | CC | A membrane region with a lipid composition that is distinct from that of the membrane regions that surround it. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098984 | neuron to neuron synapse | CC | A synapse in which pre and post-synaptic cells are neurons. | NA | NA |
| GO:0099572 | postsynaptic specialization | CC | A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. | NA | NA |
| GO:0101031 | chaperone complex | CC | A protein complex required for the non-covalent folding or unfolding, maturation, stabilization or assembly or disassembly of macromolecular structures. Usually active during or immediately after completion of translation. Many chaperone complexes contain heat shock proteins. | NA | NA |
| GO:1903050 | regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process | BP | NA | regulation of peptidolysis during cellular protein catabolic process | NA |
| GO:1903362 | regulation of cellular protein catabolic process | BP | NA | regulation of cellular protein breakdown | NA |
| GO:1904951 | positive regulation of establishment of protein localization | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization. | activation of establishment of protein localisation | NA |
| GO:1905952 | regulation of lipid localization | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization. | regulation of lipid localisation | NA |
| GO:1990138 | neuron projection extension | BP | Long distance growth of a single neuron projection involved in cellular development. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. | neurite extension | NA |
| GO:1990204 | oxidoreductase complex | CC | Any protein complex that possesses oxidoreductase activity. | oxidation-reduction complex | NA |
| GO:2000058 | regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. | regulation of myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown | NA |
| GO:2001233 | regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. | regulation of apoptotic signalling pathway | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005774 | vacuolar membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001527 | microfibril | CC | Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins. | extended fibrils | NA |
| GO:0005868 | cytoplasmic dynein complex | CC | Any dynein complex with a homodimeric dynein heavy chain core that catalyzes movement along a microtubule. Cytoplasmic dynein complexes participate in many cytoplasmic transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Some complexes participate in intraflagellar transport. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes, and may include light chains and light intermediate chains. | cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain | NA |
| GO:0005048 | signal sequence binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a signal sequence, a specific peptide sequence found on protein precursors or mature proteins that dictates where the mature protein is localized. | leader sequence binding | NA |
| GO:0007178 | transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway | BP | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses serine/threonine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. | transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway | NA |
| GO:0005201 | extracellular matrix structural constituent | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. | extracellular matrix glycoprotein | NA |
| GO:0005539 | glycosaminoglycan binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues. | NA | NA |
| GO:0005604 | basement membrane | CC | A collagen-containing extracellular matrix consisting of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers. | basal lamina | NA |
| GO:0030126 | COPI vesicle coat | CC | One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta’-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state. | coatomer | NA |
| GO:0006626 | protein targeting to mitochondrion | BP | The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein. | mitochondrial protein import | NA |
| GO:0006890 | retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER | BP | The directed movement of substances from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, mediated by vesicles bearing specific protein coats such as COPI or COG. | cis-Golgi to rough endoplasmic reticulum transport | NA |
| GO:0010810 | regulation of cell-substrate adhesion | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. | NA | NA |
| GO:0016667 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. | oxidoreductase activity, acting on sulfur group of donors, other acceptors | NA |
| GO:0030176 | integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane | CC | The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. | ER integral membrane protein | NA |
| GO:0030663 | COPI-coated vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a COPI-coated vesicle. | COPI coated vesicle membrane | NA |
| GO:0031012 | extracellular matrix | CC | A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. | proteinaceous extracellular matrix | NA |
| GO:0044420 | extracellular matrix component | CC | Any constituent part of the extracellular matrix, the structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals) or be part of the cell (as often seen in plants). | extracellular matrix part | NA |
| GO:0044706 | multi-multicellular organism process | BP | A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. | NA | NA |
| GO:0045861 | negative regulation of proteolysis | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. | down regulation of proteolysis | NA |
| GO:0051604 | protein maturation | BP | Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. | NA | NA |
| GO:0060485 | mesenchyme development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells. | mesenchymal development | NA |
| GO:0061134 | peptidase regulator activity | MF | Modulates the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds. | NA | NA |
| GO:0062023 | collagen-containing extracellular matrix | CC | An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070585 | protein localization to mitochondrion | BP | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the mitochondrion. | protein localisation in mitochondrion | NA |
| GO:0071559 | response to transforming growth factor beta | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus. | response to TGF-beta stimulus | NA |
| GO:0071560 | cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus. | cellular response to TGF-beta stimulus | NA |
| GO:0072655 | establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion | BP | The directed movement of a protein to the mitochondrion or a part of the mitochondrion. | establishment of protein localisation to mitochondrion | NA |
| GO:2000377 | regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. | regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolism | NA |
| GO:0090092 | regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway | BP | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. | regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway | NA |
| GO:0090100 | positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway | BP | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. | positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway | NA |
| GO:0090287 | regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus | BP | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0090288 | negative regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus | BP | Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098754 | detoxification | BP | Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0030904 | retromer complex | CC | A conserved hetero-pentameric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. The budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p. The mammalian complex shows slight variation in composition compared to yeast, and comprises SNX1 or SNX2, SNX5 or SNX6, VPS26A or VPS26B, VPS29, and VPS35. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0030021 | extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring compression resistance | MF | A constituent of the extracellular matrix that enables the matrix to resist compressive forces; often a proteoglycan. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003208 | cardiac ventricle morphogenesis | BP | The process in which the cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0042254 | ribosome biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosome biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0009055 | electron transfer activity | MF | Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | electron acceptor activity | NA |
| GO:0000139 | Golgi membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022625 | cytosolic large ribosomal subunit | CC | The large subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. | 50S ribosomal subunit | NA |
| GO:0022627 | cytosolic small ribosomal subunit | CC | The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. | 30S ribosomal subunit | NA |
| GO:0000313 | organellar ribosome | CC | A ribosome contained within a subcellular membrane-bounded organelle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0000315 | organellar large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | NA | NA |
| GO:0000323 | lytic vacuole | CC | A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases. | NA | NA |
| GO:0000502 | proteasome complex | CC | A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core. | 26S proteasome | NA |
| GO:0001558 | regulation of cell growth | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001667 | ameboidal-type cell migration | BP | Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. | ameboid cell migration | NA |
| GO:0001669 | acrosomal vesicle | CC | A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome. | acrosomal granule | NA |
| GO:0001678 | cellular glucose homeostasis | BP | A cellular homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within a cell or between a cell and its external environment. | cell glucose homeostasis | NA |
| GO:0002181 | cytoplasmic translation | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003012 | muscle system process | BP | A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers. | muscle physiological process | NA |
| GO:0003735 | structural constituent of ribosome | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome. | ribosomal protein | NA |
| GO:0003743 | translation initiation factor activity | MF | Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. | GO:0003744 | GO:0003744 |
| GO:0006457 | protein folding | BP | The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. | alpha-tubulin folding | NA |
| GO:0043292 | contractile fiber | CC | Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre | NA |
| GO:0005764 | lysosome | CC | A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. | NA | NA |
| GO:0004298 | threonine-type endopeptidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. | 26S protease | NA |
| GO:0004857 | enzyme inhibitor activity | MF | Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme. | metalloenzyme inhibitor activity | NA |
| GO:0005840 | ribosome | CC | An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. | free ribosome | NA |
| GO:0005743 | mitochondrial inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. | inner mitochondrial membrane | NA |
| GO:0005746 | mitochondrial respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | mitochondrial electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0005747 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I | CC | A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. | GO:0005748 | GO:0005748 |
| GO:0005759 | mitochondrial matrix | CC | The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. | mitochondrial lumen | NA |
| GO:0005761 | mitochondrial ribosome | CC | A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes. | 55S ribosome, mitochondrial | NA |
| GO:0005762 | mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | 39S ribosomal subunit, mitochondrial | NA |
| GO:0005798 | Golgi-associated vesicle | CC | Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell. | Golgi vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030137 | COPI-coated vesicle | CC | A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport. | coatomer | NA |
| GO:0030134 | COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle | CC | A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport). | COPII vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030133 | transport vesicle | CC | Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell. | constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030141 | secretory granule | CC | A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. | secretory vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030658 | transport vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a transport vesicle. | constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle membrane | NA |
| GO:0005839 | proteasome core complex | CC | A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex. | 20S core complex | NA |
| GO:0005844 | polysome | CC | A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA. They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. | polyribosome | NA |
| GO:0005852 | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex | CC | A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs. | eIF-3 | NA |
| GO:0006091 | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. | energy pathways | NA |
| GO:0006364 | rRNA processing | BP | Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules. | 35S primary transcript processing | NA |
| GO:0006413 | translational initiation | BP | The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. | biopolymerisation | NA |
| GO:0006417 | regulation of translation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. | regulation of protein anabolism | NA |
| GO:0006605 | protein targeting | BP | The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif. | nascent polypeptide association | NA |
| GO:0072593 | reactive oxygen species metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. | reactive oxygen species metabolism | NA |
| GO:0006888 | ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport | BP | The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi. | anterograde (ER to Golgi) transport | NA |
| GO:0006979 | response to oxidative stress | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. | NA | NA |
| GO:0007005 | mitochondrion organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. | mitochondria organization | NA |
| GO:0008021 | synaptic vesicle | CC | A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the ‘active zone’ of the presynaptic plasma membrane. | docked vesicle | NA |
| GO:0008097 | 5S rRNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome. | NA | NA |
| GO:0008135 | translation factor activity, RNA binding | MF | Functions during translation by interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome. | translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding | NA |
| GO:0008250 | oligosaccharyltransferase complex | CC | A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected. | oligosaccharyl transferase complex | NA |
| GO:0009123 | nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009141 | nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009150 | purine ribonucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | purine ribonucleotide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009161 | ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009199 | ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009205 | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009259 | ribonucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | ribonucleotide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0010008 | endosome membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. | endosomal membrane | NA |
| GO:0010257 | NADH dehydrogenase complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NADH dehydrogenase complex. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010499 | proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin. | NA | NA |
| GO:0012506 | vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0015629 | actin cytoskeleton | CC | The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. | NA | NA |
| GO:0015934 | large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | ribosomal large subunit | NA |
| GO:0015935 | small ribosomal subunit | CC | The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome. | ribosomal small subunit | NA |
| GO:0016072 | rRNA metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes. | rRNA metabolism | NA |
| GO:0045727 | positive regulation of translation | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. | activation of protein biosynthetic process | NA |
| GO:0050821 | protein stabilization | BP | Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation. | lysosomal protein stabilization | NA |
| GO:0019003 | GDP binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GDP, guanosine 5’-diphosphate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019693 | ribose phosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. | ribose phosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0019843 | rRNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019866 | organelle inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022613 | ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a complex containing RNA and proteins. Includes the biosynthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the ribonucleoprotein complex. | ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0022618 | ribonucleoprotein complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex. | protein-RNA complex assembly | NA |
| GO:0022626 | cytosolic ribosome | CC | A ribosome located in the cytosol. | 70S ribosome | NA |
| GO:0030016 | myofibril | CC | The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. | striated muscle fiber | NA |
| GO:0030017 | sarcomere | CC | The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030117 | membrane coat | CC | Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030120 | vesicle coat | CC | A membrane coat found on a coated vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030135 | coated vesicle | CC | Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins. | GO:0005909 | GO:0005909 |
| GO:0030307 | positive regulation of cell growth | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. | activation of cell growth | NA |
| GO:0030659 | cytoplasmic vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030660 | Golgi-associated vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus. | Golgi vesicle membrane | NA |
| GO:0030662 | coated vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a coated vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030964 | NADH dehydrogenase complex | CC | An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. | Complex I | NA |
| GO:0031227 | intrinsic component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane | CC | The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. | intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane | NA |
| GO:0031902 | late endosome membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032432 | actin filament bundle | CC | An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. | actin cable | NA |
| GO:0032509 | endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway | BP | The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the target compartment. | endosome transport via MVB sorting pathway | NA |
| GO:0032869 | cellular response to insulin stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032981 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. | mitochondrial complex I assembly | NA |
| GO:0033108 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. | NA | NA |
| GO:0033218 | amide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. | NA | NA |
| GO:0034248 | regulation of cellular amide metabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. | regulation of amide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0034250 | positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. | positive regulation of amide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0034976 | response to endoplasmic reticulum stress | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. | cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress | NA |
| GO:0042273 | ribosomal large subunit biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a large ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0042274 | ribosomal small subunit biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosomal small subunit biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0042277 | peptide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042383 | sarcolemma | CC | The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042788 | polysomal ribosome | CC | A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. | active ribosome | NA |
| GO:0043021 | ribonucleoprotein complex binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any complex of RNA and protein. | protein-RNA complex binding | NA |
| GO:0044391 | ribosomal subunit | CC | Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044431 | Golgi apparatus part | CC | Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. | Golgi component | NA |
| GO:0044437 | vacuolar part | CC | Any constituent part of a vacuole, a closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. | vacuole component | NA |
| GO:0044440 | endosomal part | CC | Any constituent part of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. | endosomal subcomponent | NA |
| GO:0044445 | cytosolic part | CC | Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. | cytosol component | NA |
| GO:0044449 | contractile fiber part | CC | Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre component | NA |
| GO:0044455 | mitochondrial membrane part | CC | Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. | NA | NA |
| GO:0045271 | respiratory chain complex I | CC | Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex. | electron transport complex I | NA |
| GO:0048193 | Golgi vesicle transport | BP | The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles. | Golgi-derived vesicle transport | NA |
| GO:0048475 | coated membrane | CC | A single or double lipid bilayer with any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051098 | regulation of binding | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051099 | positive regulation of binding | BP | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. | activation of binding | NA |
| GO:0052547 | regulation of peptidase activity | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. | peptidase regulator activity | NA |
| GO:0070003 | threonine-type peptidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070069 | cytochrome complex | CC | A protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070382 | exocytic vesicle | CC | A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. | exocytic constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle | NA |
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0071322 | cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071604 | transforming growth factor beta production | BP | The appearance of any member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Transforming growth factor-beta family members include TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3. | TGF-B production | NA |
| GO:0071634 | regulation of transforming growth factor beta production | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta. | regulation of TGF-B production | NA |
| GO:0071826 | ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organization | BP | Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex. | protein-RNA complex subunit organization | NA |
| GO:0071985 | multivesicular body sorting pathway | BP | A vesicle-mediated transport process in which transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated to facilitate their entry into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs); upon subsequent fusion of MVBs with lysosomes or vacuoles, the cargo proteins are degraded. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098791 | Golgi subcompartment | CC | A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of the Golgi Apparatus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098798 | mitochondrial protein complex | CC | A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098800 | inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098803 | respiratory chain complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain | NA | NA |
| GO:1901652 | response to peptide | BP | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1901653 | cellular response to peptide | BP | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1901681 | sulfur compound binding | MF | NA | sulfur molecular entity binding | NA |
| GO:1905368 | peptidase complex | CC | A protein complex which is capable of peptidase activity. | protease complex | NA |
| GO:1905369 | endopeptidase complex | CC | A protein complex which is capable of endopeptidase activity. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0051082 | unfolded protein binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein. | binding unfolded ER proteins | NA |
| GO:0000209 | protein polyubiquitination | BP | Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain. | polyubiquitin | NA |
| GO:0016469 | proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex | CC | A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible. | hydrogen-transporting two-sector ATPase complex | NA |
| GO:0003924 | GTPase activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate. | ARF small monomeric GTPase activity | NA |
| GO:0000276 | mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) | CC | All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001701 | in utero embryonic development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001725 | stress fiber | CC | A contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity, cross-linked by alpha-actinin and possibly other actin bundling proteins, and with myosin present in a periodic distribution along the fiber. | actin cable | NA |
| GO:0001726 | ruffle | CC | Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. | membrane ruffle | NA |
| GO:0001882 | nucleoside binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001883 | purine nucleoside binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a purine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. | NA | NA |
| GO:0002183 | cytoplasmic translational initiation | BP | The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in the cytoplasm. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003013 | circulatory system process | BP | A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003727 | single-stranded RNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with single-stranded RNA. | ssRNA binding | NA |
| GO:0003729 | mRNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with messenger RNA (mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. mRNA includes UTR and coding sequences, but does not contain introns. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003730 | mRNA 3’-UTR binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 3’ untranslated region of an mRNA molecule. | mRNA 3’ UTR binding | NA |
| GO:0006936 | muscle contraction | BP | A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. | NA | NA |
| GO:0046933 | proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism | MF | Enables the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + H2O + phosphate + H+(in) = ATP + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism. | H+-transporting ATP synthase activity | NA |
| GO:0003954 | NADH dehydrogenase activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor. | beta-NADH dehydrogenase dinucleotide activity | NA |
| GO:0019829 | cation-transporting ATPase activity | MF | Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + cation(out) = ADP + phosphate + cation(in). | cation ABC transporter | NA |
| GO:0042626 | ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane. | ABC transporter | NA |
| GO:0004129 | cytochrome-c oxidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O. | aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase | NA |
| GO:0005200 | structural constituent of cytoskeleton | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure. | NA | NA |
| GO:0005525 | GTP binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0005635 | nuclear envelope | CC | The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). | GO:0005636 | GO:0005636 |
| GO:0005753 | mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex | CC | A proton-transporting ATP synthase complex found in the mitochondrial membrane. | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V | NA |
| GO:0045263 | proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) | CC | All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins. | hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) | NA |
| GO:0005758 | mitochondrial intermembrane space | CC | The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope. | mitochondrial envelope lumen | NA |
| GO:0005838 | proteasome regulatory particle | CC | A multisubunit complex, which caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex. This complex recognizes and unfolds ubiquitinated proteins, and translocates them to the proteasome core complex. | 19S regulatory particle | NA |
| GO:0005885 | Arp2/3 protein complex | CC | A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022904 | respiratory electron transport chain | BP | A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | 6-phosphofructokinase reduction | NA |
| GO:0006119 | oxidative phosphorylation | BP | The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. | respiratory-chain phosphorylation | NA |
| GO:0006120 | mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone | BP | The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I. | complex I (NADH to ubiquinone) | NA |
| GO:0006123 | mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen | BP | The transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex IV. | complex IV (reduction of O2) | NA |
| GO:0022900 | electron transport chain | BP | A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | NA | NA |
| GO:0006163 | purine nucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | purine metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0008143 | poly(A) binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of adenylyl residues in an RNA molecule, such as the poly(A) tail, a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3’ end of eukaryotic mRNA. | poly(A) binding, within an RNA molecule | NA |
| GO:0006446 | regulation of translational initiation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0006470 | protein dephosphorylation | BP | The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein. | protein amino acid dephosphorylation | NA |
| GO:0006611 | protein export from nucleus | BP | The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. | copper-induced protein export from nucleus | NA |
| GO:0006874 | cellular calcium ion homeostasis | BP | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions at the level of a cell. | regulation of calcium ion concentration | NA |
| GO:0007409 | axonogenesis | BP | De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, including the terminal branched region. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon, which carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. | axon growth | NA |
| GO:0008015 | blood circulation | BP | The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products. | hemolymph circulation | NA |
| GO:0008137 | NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + ubiquinone = NAD+ + ubiquinol. | coenzyme Q reductase activity | NA |
| GO:0008180 | COP9 signalosome | CC | A protein complex that catalyzes the deneddylation of proteins, including the cullin component of SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase; deneddylation increases the activity of cullin family ubiquitin ligases. The signalosome is involved in many regulatory process, including some which control development, in many species; also regulates photomorphogenesis in plants; in many species its subunits are highly similar to those of the proteasome. | COP9 complex | NA |
| GO:0008361 | regulation of cell size | BP | Any process that modulates the size of a cell. | cell size control | NA |
| GO:0015662 | ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, phosphorylative mechanism | MF | Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate. | P-type ATPase activity | NA |
| GO:0016651 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. | NAD(P)H dehydrogenase | NA |
| GO:0009060 | aerobic respiration | BP | The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. | NA | NA |
| GO:0009124 | nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside monophosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009126 | purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009127 | purine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside monophosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009144 | purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009156 | ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside monophosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0009167 | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009168 | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside monophosphate anabolism | NA |
| GO:0016032 | viral process | BP | A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, ‘complete’ its life cycle. | viral infection | NA |
| GO:0009895 | negative regulation of catabolic process | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. | down regulation of catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0009896 | positive regulation of catabolic process | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. | activation of catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0010171 | body morphogenesis | BP | The process in which the anatomical structures of the soma are generated and organized. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010256 | endomembrane system organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endomembrane system. | endomembrane organization | NA |
| GO:0010494 | cytoplasmic stress granule | CC | A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. | cytoplasmic mRNP granule | NA |
| GO:0010498 | proteasomal protein catabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome. | proteasome-mediated protein catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0010656 | negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process | BP | Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. | negative regulation of muscle cell apoptosis | NA |
| GO:0010657 | muscle cell apoptotic process | BP | A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle. | muscle cell apoptosis | NA |
| GO:0010660 | regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process | BP | Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. | regulation of muscle cell apoptosis | NA |
| GO:0010882 | regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction by changing the calcium ion signals that trigger contraction. | regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signalling | NA |
| GO:0010959 | regulation of metal ion transport | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metal ion transport. Metal ion transport is the directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014031 | mesenchymal cell development | BP | The process aimed at the progression of a mesenchymal cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014032 | neural crest cell development | BP | The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014033 | neural crest cell differentiation | BP | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neural crest cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0014069 | postsynaptic density | CC | An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. | neuronal postsynaptic density | NA |
| GO:0014704 | intercalated disc | CC | A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. | intercalated disk | NA |
| GO:0015002 | heme-copper terminal oxidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the four-electron reduction of dioxygen (O2) to water, coupled to generation of a proton electrochemical gradient across a membrane. | haem-copper terminal oxidase activity | NA |
| GO:0015078 | proton transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Enables the transfer of a proton from one side of a membrane to the other. | hydrogen ion transmembrane transporter activity | NA |
| GO:0015399 | primary active transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute’s concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source, directly using ATP. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical, electrical and solar sources. | primary active transporter | NA |
| GO:0015405 | P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute’s concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source. | P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transporters | NA |
| GO:0015980 | energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released. | chemoorganotrophy | NA |
| GO:0015985 | energy coupled proton transport, down electrochemical gradient | BP | The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that provides energy for the synthesis of ATP or GTP. | NA | NA |
| GO:0015986 | ATP synthesis coupled proton transport | BP | The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis. | chemiosmosis | NA |
| GO:0016528 | sarcoplasm | CC | The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum. | NA | NA |
| GO:0016529 | sarcoplasmic reticulum | CC | A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage. | GO:0008221 | GO:0008221 |
| GO:0016655 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or a similar acceptor molecule. | oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, quinone or similar compound as acceptor | NA |
| GO:0016675 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on a heme group of donors | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. | oxidoreductase activity, acting on haem group of donors | NA |
| GO:0016676 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on a heme group of donors, oxygen as acceptor | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a heme group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen. | oxidoreductase activity, acting on haem group of donors, oxygen as acceptor | NA |
| GO:0016999 | antibiotic metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving an antibiotic, a substance produced by or derived from certain fungi, bacteria, and other organisms, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. | antibiotic metabolism | NA |
| GO:0017148 | negative regulation of translation | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. | down regulation of protein biosynthetic process | NA |
| GO:0019001 | guanyl nucleotide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019081 | viral translation | BP | A process by which viral mRNA is translated into viral protein, using the host cellular machinery. | viral protein anabolism | NA |
| GO:0019646 | aerobic electron transport chain | BP | A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to oxygen to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | NADH-O2 electron transport | NA |
| GO:0022624 | proteasome accessory complex | CC | A protein complex, that caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex and regulates entry into, or exit from, the proteasome core complex. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022853 | active ion transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other up the solute’s concentration gradient. This is carried out by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction. | NA | NA |
| GO:0072503 | cellular divalent inorganic cation homeostasis | BP | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of divalent cations at the level of a cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044403 | symbiont process | BP | A process carried out by symbiont gene products that enables a symbiotic interaction with a host organism. The various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms; mutualism, in which the association is advantageous, or often necessary to one or both and not harmful to either; and commensalism, in which one member of the association benefits while the other is not affected. However, mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism are often not discrete categories of interactions and should rather be perceived as a continuum of interaction ranging from parasitism to mutualism. In fact, the direction of a symbiotic interaction can change during the lifetime of the symbionts due to developmental changes as well as changes in the biotic/abiotic environment in which the interaction occurs. Microscopic symbionts are often referred to as endosymbionts. | commensalism | NA |
| GO:0031252 | cell leading edge | CC | The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement. | front of cell | NA |
| GO:0031330 | negative regulation of cellular catabolic process | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. | down regulation of cellular catabolic process | NA |
| GO:0031369 | translation initiation factor binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a translation initiation factor, any polypeptide factor involved in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0031625 | ubiquitin protein ligase binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins. | ubiquitin ligase binding | NA |
| GO:0031647 | regulation of protein stability | BP | Any process that affects the structure and integrity of a protein, altering the likelihood of its degradation or aggregation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0031672 | A band | CC | The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line. | A disc | NA |
| GO:0031674 | I band | CC | A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end. | I disc | NA |
| GO:0031970 | organelle envelope lumen | CC | The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope. | organelle intermembrane space | NA |
| GO:0032279 | asymmetric synapse | CC | A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density. Most or all synapses of this type are excitatory. | Gray’s type I synapse | NA |
| GO:0032386 | regulation of intracellular transport | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032535 | regulation of cellular component size | BP | A process that modulates the size of a cellular component. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032549 | ribonucleoside binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to ribose. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032550 | purine ribonucleoside binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a purine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to ribose. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032561 | guanyl ribonucleotide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a guanyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. | NA | NA |
| GO:0033119 | negative regulation of RNA splicing | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA splicing. | NA | NA |
| GO:0033500 | carbohydrate homeostasis | BP | A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a carbohydrate within an organism or cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0034314 | Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation | BP | The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins. | actin filament branch nucleation | NA |
| GO:0034614 | cellular response to reactive oxygen species | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals. | cellular response to active oxygen species | NA |
| GO:0034765 | regulation of ion transmembrane transport | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other. | regulation of ion membrane transport | NA |
| GO:0035304 | regulation of protein dephosphorylation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein. | regulation of protein amino acid dephosphorylation | NA |
| GO:0035770 | ribonucleoprotein granule | CC | A non-membranous macromolecular complex containing proteins and translationally silenced mRNAs. RNA granules contain proteins that control the localization, stability, and translation of their RNA cargo. Different types of RNA granules (RGs) exist, depending on the cell type and cellular conditions. | mRNP granule | NA |
| GO:0036464 | cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | CC | A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm. | Staufen granule | NA |
| GO:0042176 | regulation of protein catabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. | regulation of protein breakdown | NA |
| GO:0042255 | ribosome assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mature ribosome and of its subunits. | ribosomal subunit assembly | NA |
| GO:0042593 | glucose homeostasis | BP | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042625 | ATPase coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity | MF | Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other, driven by the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. | ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions | NA |
| GO:0042641 | actomyosin | CC | Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins. | actomyosin complex | NA |
| GO:0042743 | hydrogen peroxide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA. | H2O2 metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0042773 | ATP synthesis coupled electron transport | BP | The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042775 | mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport | BP | The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane. | mitochondrial electron transport | NA |
| GO:0051260 | protein homooligomerization | BP | The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer. | protein homooligomer assembly | NA |
| GO:0043024 | ribosomal small subunit binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of the small ribosomal subunit. | NA | NA |
| GO:0043161 | proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. | proteasomal pathway | NA |
| GO:0043197 | dendritic spine | CC | A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including “thin”, “stubby”, “mushroom”, and “branched”, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. | branched dendritic spine | NA |
| GO:0043209 | myelin sheath | CC | An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. | astrocyte sheath | NA |
| GO:0043393 | regulation of protein binding | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. | NA | NA |
| GO:0043434 | response to peptide hormone | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. | response to peptide hormone stimulus | NA |
| GO:0043492 | ATPase activity, coupled to movement of substances | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of a substance. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044291 | cell-cell contact zone | CC | Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. | cell cell contact zone | NA |
| GO:0044309 | neuron spine | CC | A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck. | spine | NA |
| GO:0044389 | ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin-like protein ligase, such as ubiquitin-ligase. | E3 protein ligase binding | NA |
| GO:0044769 | ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, rotational mechanism | MF | Enables the transfer of ions from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ion(in) = ADP + phosphate + ion(out), by a rotational mechanism. | NA | NA |
| GO:0045121 | membrane raft | CC | Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. | GEM domain | NA |
| GO:0045259 | proton-transporting ATP synthase complex | CC | A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism; the extramembrane sector (containing 3 a and 3 b subunits) is connected via the d-subunit to the membrane sector by several smaller subunits. Within this complex, the g and e subunits and the 9-12 c subunits rotate by consecutive 120 degree angles and perform parts of ATP synthesis. This movement is driven by the hydrogen ion electrochemical potential gradient. | F1-F0 complex | NA |
| GO:0045277 | respiratory chain complex IV | CC | A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). | cytochrome c oxidase complex | NA |
| GO:0045333 | cellular respiration | BP | The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration). | oxidative metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0045666 | positive regulation of neuron differentiation | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. | activation of neuron differentiation | NA |
| GO:0045927 | positive regulation of growth | BP | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism. | activation of growth | NA |
| GO:0046034 | ATP metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. | ATP metabolism | NA |
| GO:0048027 | mRNA 5’-UTR binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 5’ untranslated region of an mRNA molecule. | mRNA 5’ UTR binding | NA |
| GO:0048588 | developmental cell growth | BP | The growth of a cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from one condition to another. | developmental growth of a unicellular organism | NA |
| GO:0048675 | axon extension | BP | Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in cellular development. | axon extension involved in development | NA |
| GO:0048732 | gland development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A gland is an organ specialised for secretion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0048762 | mesenchymal cell differentiation | BP | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. | NA | NA |
| GO:0048864 | stem cell development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stem cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to its specific fate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0050136 | NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity | MF | Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + a quinone = NAD+ + a quinol. | D-diaphorase activity | NA |
| GO:0051100 | negative regulation of binding | BP | Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. | down regulation of binding | NA |
| GO:0051117 | ATPase binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051168 | nuclear export | BP | The directed movement of substances out of the nucleus. | export from nucleus | NA |
| GO:0051235 | maintenance of location | BP | Any process in which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. | maintenance of localization | NA |
| GO:0051279 | regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. | regulation of calcium ion (Ca2+) mobilization | NA |
| GO:0051924 | regulation of calcium ion transport | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. | regulation of calcium transport | NA |
| GO:0055074 | calcium ion homeostasis | BP | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell. | regulation of calcium ion concentration | NA |
| GO:0061458 | reproductive system development | BP | The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070717 | poly-purine tract binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any stretch of purines (adenine or guanine) in an RNA molecule. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071333 | cellular response to glucose stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071375 | cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. | cellular response to polypeptide hormone stimulus | NA |
| GO:0072521 | purine-containing compound metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. | purine and derivative metabolic process | NA |
| GO:0072594 | establishment of protein localization to organelle | BP | The directed movement of a protein to a specific location on or in an organelle. Encompasses establishment of localization in the membrane or lumen of a membrane-bounded organelle. | establishment of protein localisation to organelle | NA |
| GO:0075522 | IRES-dependent viral translational initiation | BP | Process by which viral mRNA translation is initiated, where a domain in the 5’ untranslated region (UTR) of the viral mRNA called an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) binds the host 43S preinitiation complex, circumventing regular cap-dependent translation initiation. | NA | NA |
| GO:0097223 | sperm part | CC | Any constituent part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. | NA | NA |
| GO:0097517 | contractile actin filament bundle | CC | An actin filament bundle in which the filaments are loosely packed (approximately 30-60 nm apart) and arranged with opposing polarities; the loose packing allows myosin (usually myosin-II) to enter the bundle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098554 | cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane | CC | The side (leaflet) of the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098562 | cytoplasmic side of membrane | CC | The side of a membrane that faces the cytoplasm. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098589 | membrane region | CC | A membrane that is a part of a larger membrane. Examples include the apical region of the plasma membrane of an epithelial cell and the various regions of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. | region of membrane | NA |
| GO:0098857 | membrane microdomain | CC | A membrane region with a lipid composition that is distinct from that of the membrane regions that surround it. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098984 | neuron to neuron synapse | CC | A synapse in which pre and post-synaptic cells are neurons. | NA | NA |
| GO:0099572 | postsynaptic specialization | CC | A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. | NA | NA |
| GO:0101031 | chaperone complex | CC | A protein complex required for the non-covalent folding or unfolding, maturation, stabilization or assembly or disassembly of macromolecular structures. Usually active during or immediately after completion of translation. Many chaperone complexes contain heat shock proteins. | NA | NA |
| GO:1903050 | regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process | BP | NA | regulation of peptidolysis during cellular protein catabolic process | NA |
| GO:1903362 | regulation of cellular protein catabolic process | BP | NA | regulation of cellular protein breakdown | NA |
| GO:1904951 | positive regulation of establishment of protein localization | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization. | activation of establishment of protein localisation | NA |
| GO:1905952 | regulation of lipid localization | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization. | regulation of lipid localisation | NA |
| GO:1990138 | neuron projection extension | BP | Long distance growth of a single neuron projection involved in cellular development. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. | neurite extension | NA |
| GO:1990204 | oxidoreductase complex | CC | Any protein complex that possesses oxidoreductase activity. | oxidation-reduction complex | NA |
| GO:2000058 | regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. | regulation of myofibrillar protein ubiquitination during ubiquitin-dependent protein breakdown | NA |
| GO:2001233 | regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. | regulation of apoptotic signalling pathway | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005774 | vacuolar membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001527 | microfibril | CC | Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins. | extended fibrils | NA |
| GO:0005868 | cytoplasmic dynein complex | CC | Any dynein complex with a homodimeric dynein heavy chain core that catalyzes movement along a microtubule. Cytoplasmic dynein complexes participate in many cytoplasmic transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Some complexes participate in intraflagellar transport. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes, and may include light chains and light intermediate chains. | cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain | NA |
| GO:0005048 | signal sequence binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a signal sequence, a specific peptide sequence found on protein precursors or mature proteins that dictates where the mature protein is localized. | leader sequence binding | NA |
| GO:0007178 | transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway | BP | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses serine/threonine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. | transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway | NA |
| GO:0005201 | extracellular matrix structural constituent | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix. | extracellular matrix glycoprotein | NA |
| GO:0005539 | glycosaminoglycan binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues. | NA | NA |
| GO:0005604 | basement membrane | CC | A collagen-containing extracellular matrix consisting of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers. | basal lamina | NA |
| GO:0030126 | COPI vesicle coat | CC | One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta’-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state. | coatomer | NA |
| GO:0006626 | protein targeting to mitochondrion | BP | The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein. | mitochondrial protein import | NA |
| GO:0006890 | retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER | BP | The directed movement of substances from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, mediated by vesicles bearing specific protein coats such as COPI or COG. | cis-Golgi to rough endoplasmic reticulum transport | NA |
| GO:0010810 | regulation of cell-substrate adhesion | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. | NA | NA |
| GO:0016667 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors | MF | Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. | oxidoreductase activity, acting on sulfur group of donors, other acceptors | NA |
| GO:0030176 | integral component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane | CC | The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. | ER integral membrane protein | NA |
| GO:0030663 | COPI-coated vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a COPI-coated vesicle. | COPI coated vesicle membrane | NA |
| GO:0031012 | extracellular matrix | CC | A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. | proteinaceous extracellular matrix | NA |
| GO:0044420 | extracellular matrix component | CC | Any constituent part of the extracellular matrix, the structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; may be completely external to the cell (as in animals) or be part of the cell (as often seen in plants). | extracellular matrix part | NA |
| GO:0044706 | multi-multicellular organism process | BP | A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. | NA | NA |
| GO:0045861 | negative regulation of proteolysis | BP | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. | down regulation of proteolysis | NA |
| GO:0051604 | protein maturation | BP | Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. | NA | NA |
| GO:0060485 | mesenchyme development | BP | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells. | mesenchymal development | NA |
| GO:0061134 | peptidase regulator activity | MF | Modulates the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds. | NA | NA |
| GO:0062023 | collagen-containing extracellular matrix | CC | An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070585 | protein localization to mitochondrion | BP | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the mitochondrion. | protein localisation in mitochondrion | NA |
| GO:0071559 | response to transforming growth factor beta | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus. | response to TGF-beta stimulus | NA |
| GO:0071560 | cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus. | cellular response to TGF-beta stimulus | NA |
| GO:0072655 | establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion | BP | The directed movement of a protein to the mitochondrion or a part of the mitochondrion. | establishment of protein localisation to mitochondrion | NA |
| GO:2000377 | regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. | regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolism | NA |
| GO:0090092 | regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway | BP | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. | regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway | NA |
| GO:0090100 | positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway | BP | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. | positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signalling pathway | NA |
| GO:0090287 | regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus | BP | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0090288 | negative regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus | BP | Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098754 | detoxification | BP | Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0030904 | retromer complex | CC | A conserved hetero-pentameric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. The budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p. The mammalian complex shows slight variation in composition compared to yeast, and comprises SNX1 or SNX2, SNX5 or SNX6, VPS26A or VPS26B, VPS29, and VPS35. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0030021 | extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring compression resistance | MF | A constituent of the extracellular matrix that enables the matrix to resist compressive forces; often a proteoglycan. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003208 | cardiac ventricle morphogenesis | BP | The process in which the cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0042254 | ribosome biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosome biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0009055 | electron transfer activity | MF | Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | electron acceptor activity | NA |
| GO:0000139 | Golgi membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022625 | cytosolic large ribosomal subunit | CC | The large subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. | 50S ribosomal subunit | NA |
| GO:0022627 | cytosolic small ribosomal subunit | CC | The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. | 30S ribosomal subunit | NA |
| GO:0000313 | organellar ribosome | CC | A ribosome contained within a subcellular membrane-bounded organelle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0000315 | organellar large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | NA | NA |
| GO:0000323 | lytic vacuole | CC | A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases. | NA | NA |
| GO:0000502 | proteasome complex | CC | A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core. | 26S proteasome | NA |
| GO:0001558 | regulation of cell growth | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001667 | ameboidal-type cell migration | BP | Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. | ameboid cell migration | NA |
| GO:0001669 | acrosomal vesicle | CC | A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome. | acrosomal granule | NA |
| GO:0001678 | cellular glucose homeostasis | BP | A cellular homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within a cell or between a cell and its external environment. | cell glucose homeostasis | NA |
| GO:0002181 | cytoplasmic translation | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003012 | muscle system process | BP | A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers. | muscle physiological process | NA |
| GO:0003735 | structural constituent of ribosome | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome. | ribosomal protein | NA |
| GO:0003743 | translation initiation factor activity | MF | Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. | GO:0003744 | GO:0003744 |
| GO:0006457 | protein folding | BP | The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. | alpha-tubulin folding | NA |
| GO:0043292 | contractile fiber | CC | Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre | NA |
| GO:0005764 | lysosome | CC | A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. | NA | NA |
| GO:0004298 | threonine-type endopeptidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. | 26S protease | NA |
| GO:0004857 | enzyme inhibitor activity | MF | Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme. | metalloenzyme inhibitor activity | NA |
| GO:0005840 | ribosome | CC | An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. | free ribosome | NA |
| GO:0005743 | mitochondrial inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. | inner mitochondrial membrane | NA |
| GO:0005746 | mitochondrial respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | mitochondrial electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0005747 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I | CC | A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. | GO:0005748 | GO:0005748 |
| GO:0005759 | mitochondrial matrix | CC | The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. | mitochondrial lumen | NA |
| GO:0005761 | mitochondrial ribosome | CC | A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes. | 55S ribosome, mitochondrial | NA |
| GO:0005762 | mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | 39S ribosomal subunit, mitochondrial | NA |
| GO:0005798 | Golgi-associated vesicle | CC | Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell. | Golgi vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030137 | COPI-coated vesicle | CC | A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport. | coatomer | NA |
| GO:0030134 | COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle | CC | A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport). | COPII vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030133 | transport vesicle | CC | Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell. | constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030141 | secretory granule | CC | A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. | secretory vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030658 | transport vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a transport vesicle. | constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle membrane | NA |
| GO:0005839 | proteasome core complex | CC | A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex. | 20S core complex | NA |
| GO:0005844 | polysome | CC | A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA. They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. | polyribosome | NA |
| GO:0005852 | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex | CC | A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs. | eIF-3 | NA |
| GO:0006091 | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. | energy pathways | NA |
| GO:0006364 | rRNA processing | BP | Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules. | 35S primary transcript processing | NA |
| GO:0006413 | translational initiation | BP | The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. | biopolymerisation | NA |
| GO:0006417 | regulation of translation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. | regulation of protein anabolism | NA |
| GO:0006605 | protein targeting | BP | The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif. | nascent polypeptide association | NA |
| GO:0072593 | reactive oxygen species metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. | reactive oxygen species metabolism | NA |
| GO:0006888 | ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport | BP | The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi. | anterograde (ER to Golgi) transport | NA |
| GO:0006979 | response to oxidative stress | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. | NA | NA |
| GO:0007005 | mitochondrion organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. | mitochondria organization | NA |
| GO:0008021 | synaptic vesicle | CC | A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the ‘active zone’ of the presynaptic plasma membrane. | docked vesicle | NA |
| GO:0008097 | 5S rRNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome. | NA | NA |
| GO:0008135 | translation factor activity, RNA binding | MF | Functions during translation by interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome. | translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding | NA |
| GO:0008250 | oligosaccharyltransferase complex | CC | A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected. | oligosaccharyl transferase complex | NA |
| GO:0009123 | nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009141 | nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009150 | purine ribonucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | purine ribonucleotide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009161 | ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009199 | ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009205 | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009259 | ribonucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | ribonucleotide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0010008 | endosome membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. | endosomal membrane | NA |
| GO:0010257 | NADH dehydrogenase complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NADH dehydrogenase complex. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010499 | proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin. | NA | NA |
| GO:0012506 | vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0015629 | actin cytoskeleton | CC | The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. | NA | NA |
| GO:0015934 | large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | ribosomal large subunit | NA |
| GO:0015935 | small ribosomal subunit | CC | The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome. | ribosomal small subunit | NA |
| GO:0016072 | rRNA metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes. | rRNA metabolism | NA |
| GO:0045727 | positive regulation of translation | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. | activation of protein biosynthetic process | NA |
| GO:0050821 | protein stabilization | BP | Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation. | lysosomal protein stabilization | NA |
| GO:0019003 | GDP binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GDP, guanosine 5’-diphosphate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019693 | ribose phosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. | ribose phosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0019843 | rRNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019866 | organelle inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022613 | ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a complex containing RNA and proteins. Includes the biosynthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the ribonucleoprotein complex. | ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0022618 | ribonucleoprotein complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex. | protein-RNA complex assembly | NA |
| GO:0022626 | cytosolic ribosome | CC | A ribosome located in the cytosol. | 70S ribosome | NA |
| GO:0030016 | myofibril | CC | The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. | striated muscle fiber | NA |
| GO:0030017 | sarcomere | CC | The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030117 | membrane coat | CC | Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030120 | vesicle coat | CC | A membrane coat found on a coated vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030135 | coated vesicle | CC | Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins. | GO:0005909 | GO:0005909 |
| GO:0030307 | positive regulation of cell growth | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. | activation of cell growth | NA |
| GO:0030659 | cytoplasmic vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030660 | Golgi-associated vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus. | Golgi vesicle membrane | NA |
| GO:0030662 | coated vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a coated vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030964 | NADH dehydrogenase complex | CC | An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. | Complex I | NA |
| GO:0031227 | intrinsic component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane | CC | The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. | intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane | NA |
| GO:0031902 | late endosome membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032432 | actin filament bundle | CC | An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. | actin cable | NA |
| GO:0032509 | endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway | BP | The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the target compartment. | endosome transport via MVB sorting pathway | NA |
| GO:0032869 | cellular response to insulin stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032981 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. | mitochondrial complex I assembly | NA |
| GO:0033108 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. | NA | NA |
| GO:0033218 | amide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. | NA | NA |
| GO:0034248 | regulation of cellular amide metabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. | regulation of amide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0034250 | positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. | positive regulation of amide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0034976 | response to endoplasmic reticulum stress | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. | cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress | NA |
| GO:0042273 | ribosomal large subunit biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a large ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0042274 | ribosomal small subunit biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosomal small subunit biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0042277 | peptide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042383 | sarcolemma | CC | The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042788 | polysomal ribosome | CC | A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. | active ribosome | NA |
| GO:0043021 | ribonucleoprotein complex binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any complex of RNA and protein. | protein-RNA complex binding | NA |
| GO:0044391 | ribosomal subunit | CC | Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044431 | Golgi apparatus part | CC | Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. | Golgi component | NA |
| GO:0044437 | vacuolar part | CC | Any constituent part of a vacuole, a closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. | vacuole component | NA |
| GO:0044440 | endosomal part | CC | Any constituent part of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. | endosomal subcomponent | NA |
| GO:0044445 | cytosolic part | CC | Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. | cytosol component | NA |
| GO:0044449 | contractile fiber part | CC | Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre component | NA |
| GO:0044455 | mitochondrial membrane part | CC | Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. | NA | NA |
| GO:0045271 | respiratory chain complex I | CC | Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex. | electron transport complex I | NA |
| GO:0048193 | Golgi vesicle transport | BP | The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles. | Golgi-derived vesicle transport | NA |
| GO:0048475 | coated membrane | CC | A single or double lipid bilayer with any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051098 | regulation of binding | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051099 | positive regulation of binding | BP | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. | activation of binding | NA |
| GO:0052547 | regulation of peptidase activity | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. | peptidase regulator activity | NA |
| GO:0070003 | threonine-type peptidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070069 | cytochrome complex | CC | A protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070382 | exocytic vesicle | CC | A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. | exocytic constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle | NA |
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0071322 | cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071604 | transforming growth factor beta production | BP | The appearance of any member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Transforming growth factor-beta family members include TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3. | TGF-B production | NA |
| GO:0071634 | regulation of transforming growth factor beta production | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta. | regulation of TGF-B production | NA |
| GO:0071826 | ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organization | BP | Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex. | protein-RNA complex subunit organization | NA |
| GO:0071985 | multivesicular body sorting pathway | BP | A vesicle-mediated transport process in which transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated to facilitate their entry into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs); upon subsequent fusion of MVBs with lysosomes or vacuoles, the cargo proteins are degraded. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098791 | Golgi subcompartment | CC | A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of the Golgi Apparatus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098798 | mitochondrial protein complex | CC | A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098800 | inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098803 | respiratory chain complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain | NA | NA |
| GO:1901652 | response to peptide | BP | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1901653 | cellular response to peptide | BP | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1901681 | sulfur compound binding | MF | NA | sulfur molecular entity binding | NA |
| GO:1905368 | peptidase complex | CC | A protein complex which is capable of peptidase activity. | protease complex | NA |
| GO:1905369 | endopeptidase complex | CC | A protein complex which is capable of endopeptidase activity. | NA | NA |
| go_id | Term | Ontology | Definition | Synonym | Secondary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0042254 | ribosome biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosome biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0009055 | electron transfer activity | MF | Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | electron acceptor activity | NA |
| GO:0000139 | Golgi membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022625 | cytosolic large ribosomal subunit | CC | The large subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. | 50S ribosomal subunit | NA |
| GO:0022627 | cytosolic small ribosomal subunit | CC | The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol. | 30S ribosomal subunit | NA |
| GO:0000313 | organellar ribosome | CC | A ribosome contained within a subcellular membrane-bounded organelle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0000315 | organellar large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | NA | NA |
| GO:0000323 | lytic vacuole | CC | A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases. | NA | NA |
| GO:0000502 | proteasome complex | CC | A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core. | 26S proteasome | NA |
| GO:0001558 | regulation of cell growth | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. | NA | NA |
| GO:0001667 | ameboidal-type cell migration | BP | Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. | ameboid cell migration | NA |
| GO:0001669 | acrosomal vesicle | CC | A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome. | acrosomal granule | NA |
| GO:0001678 | cellular glucose homeostasis | BP | A cellular homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within a cell or between a cell and its external environment. | cell glucose homeostasis | NA |
| GO:0002181 | cytoplasmic translation | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. | NA | NA |
| GO:0003012 | muscle system process | BP | A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers. | muscle physiological process | NA |
| GO:0003735 | structural constituent of ribosome | MF | The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome. | ribosomal protein | NA |
| GO:0003743 | translation initiation factor activity | MF | Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. | GO:0003744 | GO:0003744 |
| GO:0006457 | protein folding | BP | The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. | alpha-tubulin folding | NA |
| GO:0043292 | contractile fiber | CC | Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre | NA |
| GO:0005764 | lysosome | CC | A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. | NA | NA |
| GO:0004298 | threonine-type endopeptidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. | 26S protease | NA |
| GO:0004857 | enzyme inhibitor activity | MF | Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an enzyme. | metalloenzyme inhibitor activity | NA |
| GO:0005840 | ribosome | CC | An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. | free ribosome | NA |
| GO:0005743 | mitochondrial inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. | inner mitochondrial membrane | NA |
| GO:0005746 | mitochondrial respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | mitochondrial electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0005747 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I | CC | A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone. | GO:0005748 | GO:0005748 |
| GO:0005759 | mitochondrial matrix | CC | The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. | mitochondrial lumen | NA |
| GO:0005761 | mitochondrial ribosome | CC | A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes. | 55S ribosome, mitochondrial | NA |
| GO:0005762 | mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | 39S ribosomal subunit, mitochondrial | NA |
| GO:0005798 | Golgi-associated vesicle | CC | Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell. | Golgi vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030137 | COPI-coated vesicle | CC | A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport. | coatomer | NA |
| GO:0030134 | COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle | CC | A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport). | COPII vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030133 | transport vesicle | CC | Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell. | constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030141 | secretory granule | CC | A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. | secretory vesicle | NA |
| GO:0030658 | transport vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a transport vesicle. | constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle membrane | NA |
| GO:0005839 | proteasome core complex | CC | A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex. | 20S core complex | NA |
| GO:0005844 | polysome | CC | A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of ribosomes held together by messenger RNA. They represent the active complexes in cellular protein synthesis and are able to incorporate amino acids into polypeptides both in vivo and in vitro. | polyribosome | NA |
| GO:0005852 | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 complex | CC | A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs. | eIF-3 | NA |
| GO:0006091 | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. | energy pathways | NA |
| GO:0006364 | rRNA processing | BP | Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules. | 35S primary transcript processing | NA |
| GO:0006413 | translational initiation | BP | The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. | biopolymerisation | NA |
| GO:0006417 | regulation of translation | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. | regulation of protein anabolism | NA |
| GO:0006605 | protein targeting | BP | The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif. | nascent polypeptide association | NA |
| GO:0072593 | reactive oxygen species metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. | reactive oxygen species metabolism | NA |
| GO:0006888 | ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport | BP | The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi. | anterograde (ER to Golgi) transport | NA |
| GO:0006979 | response to oxidative stress | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. | NA | NA |
| GO:0007005 | mitochondrion organization | BP | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. | mitochondria organization | NA |
| GO:0008021 | synaptic vesicle | CC | A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the ‘active zone’ of the presynaptic plasma membrane. | docked vesicle | NA |
| GO:0008097 | 5S rRNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome. | NA | NA |
| GO:0008135 | translation factor activity, RNA binding | MF | Functions during translation by interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA during polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome. | translation factor activity, nucleic acid binding | NA |
| GO:0008250 | oligosaccharyltransferase complex | CC | A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected. | oligosaccharyl transferase complex | NA |
| GO:0009123 | nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009141 | nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | nucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009150 | purine ribonucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | purine ribonucleotide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009161 | ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009199 | ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009205 | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. | purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0009259 | ribonucleotide metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3’ or 5’-hydroxyl group of the sugar. | ribonucleotide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0010008 | endosome membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. | endosomal membrane | NA |
| GO:0010257 | NADH dehydrogenase complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NADH dehydrogenase complex. | NA | NA |
| GO:0010499 | proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin. | NA | NA |
| GO:0012506 | vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell. | NA | NA |
| GO:0015629 | actin cytoskeleton | CC | The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. | NA | NA |
| GO:0015934 | large ribosomal subunit | CC | The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). | ribosomal large subunit | NA |
| GO:0015935 | small ribosomal subunit | CC | The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome. | ribosomal small subunit | NA |
| GO:0016072 | rRNA metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes. | rRNA metabolism | NA |
| GO:0045727 | positive regulation of translation | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. | activation of protein biosynthetic process | NA |
| GO:0050821 | protein stabilization | BP | Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation. | lysosomal protein stabilization | NA |
| GO:0019003 | GDP binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GDP, guanosine 5’-diphosphate. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019693 | ribose phosphate metabolic process | BP | The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. | ribose phosphate metabolism | NA |
| GO:0019843 | rRNA binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA. | NA | NA |
| GO:0019866 | organelle inner membrane | CC | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. | NA | NA |
| GO:0022613 | ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a complex containing RNA and proteins. Includes the biosynthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the ribonucleoprotein complex. | ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0022618 | ribonucleoprotein complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex. | protein-RNA complex assembly | NA |
| GO:0022626 | cytosolic ribosome | CC | A ribosome located in the cytosol. | 70S ribosome | NA |
| GO:0030016 | myofibril | CC | The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. | striated muscle fiber | NA |
| GO:0030017 | sarcomere | CC | The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030117 | membrane coat | CC | Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030120 | vesicle coat | CC | A membrane coat found on a coated vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030135 | coated vesicle | CC | Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins. | GO:0005909 | GO:0005909 |
| GO:0030307 | positive regulation of cell growth | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. | activation of cell growth | NA |
| GO:0030659 | cytoplasmic vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030660 | Golgi-associated vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus. | Golgi vesicle membrane | NA |
| GO:0030662 | coated vesicle membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a coated vesicle. | NA | NA |
| GO:0030964 | NADH dehydrogenase complex | CC | An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. | Complex I | NA |
| GO:0031227 | intrinsic component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane | CC | The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane. | intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane | NA |
| GO:0031902 | late endosome membrane | CC | The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032432 | actin filament bundle | CC | An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. | actin cable | NA |
| GO:0032509 | endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway | BP | The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the target compartment. | endosome transport via MVB sorting pathway | NA |
| GO:0032869 | cellular response to insulin stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. | NA | NA |
| GO:0032981 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. | mitochondrial complex I assembly | NA |
| GO:0033108 | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly | BP | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex. | NA | NA |
| GO:0033218 | amide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. | NA | NA |
| GO:0034248 | regulation of cellular amide metabolic process | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. | regulation of amide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0034250 | positive regulation of cellular amide metabolic process | BP | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. | positive regulation of amide metabolism | NA |
| GO:0034976 | response to endoplasmic reticulum stress | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. | cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum stress | NA |
| GO:0042273 | ribosomal large subunit biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a large ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0042274 | ribosomal small subunit biogenesis | BP | A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. | ribosomal small subunit biogenesis and assembly | NA |
| GO:0042277 | peptide binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with peptides, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042383 | sarcolemma | CC | The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. | NA | NA |
| GO:0042788 | polysomal ribosome | CC | A ribosome bound to mRNA that forms part of a polysome. | active ribosome | NA |
| GO:0043021 | ribonucleoprotein complex binding | MF | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any complex of RNA and protein. | protein-RNA complex binding | NA |
| GO:0044391 | ribosomal subunit | CC | Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. | NA | NA |
| GO:0044431 | Golgi apparatus part | CC | Any constituent part of the Golgi apparatus, a compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. | Golgi component | NA |
| GO:0044437 | vacuolar part | CC | Any constituent part of a vacuole, a closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. | vacuole component | NA |
| GO:0044440 | endosomal part | CC | Any constituent part of an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. | endosomal subcomponent | NA |
| GO:0044445 | cytosolic part | CC | Any constituent part of cytosol, that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components. | cytosol component | NA |
| GO:0044449 | contractile fiber part | CC | Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. | contractile fibre component | NA |
| GO:0044455 | mitochondrial membrane part | CC | Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. | NA | NA |
| GO:0045271 | respiratory chain complex I | CC | Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of several polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex. | electron transport complex I | NA |
| GO:0048193 | Golgi vesicle transport | BP | The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles. | Golgi-derived vesicle transport | NA |
| GO:0048475 | coated membrane | CC | A single or double lipid bilayer with any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051098 | regulation of binding | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. | NA | NA |
| GO:0051099 | positive regulation of binding | BP | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. | activation of binding | NA |
| GO:0052547 | regulation of peptidase activity | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins. | peptidase regulator activity | NA |
| GO:0070003 | threonine-type peptidase activity | MF | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070069 | cytochrome complex | CC | A protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions. | NA | NA |
| GO:0070382 | exocytic vesicle | CC | A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. | exocytic constitutive secretory pathway transport vesicle | NA |
| GO:0070469 | respiratory chain | CC | The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | membrane electron transport chain | NA |
| GO:0071322 | cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus | BP | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0071604 | transforming growth factor beta production | BP | The appearance of any member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Transforming growth factor-beta family members include TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3. | TGF-B production | NA |
| GO:0071634 | regulation of transforming growth factor beta production | BP | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta. | regulation of TGF-B production | NA |
| GO:0071826 | ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organization | BP | Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex. | protein-RNA complex subunit organization | NA |
| GO:0071985 | multivesicular body sorting pathway | BP | A vesicle-mediated transport process in which transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated to facilitate their entry into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs); upon subsequent fusion of MVBs with lysosomes or vacuoles, the cargo proteins are degraded. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098791 | Golgi subcompartment | CC | A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of the Golgi Apparatus. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098798 | mitochondrial protein complex | CC | A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098800 | inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. | NA | NA |
| GO:0098803 | respiratory chain complex | CC | Any protein complex that is part of a respiratory chain | NA | NA |
| GO:1901652 | response to peptide | BP | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1901653 | cellular response to peptide | BP | NA | NA | NA |
| GO:1901681 | sulfur compound binding | MF | NA | sulfur molecular entity binding | NA |
| GO:1905368 | peptidase complex | CC | A protein complex which is capable of peptidase activity. | protease complex | NA |
| GO:1905369 | endopeptidase complex | CC | A protein complex which is capable of endopeptidase activity. | NA | NA |