Variable Overall, N = 5,9751 *Clinically Relevant Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula p-value2
CR-POPF, N = 1,0181 No CR-POPF, N = 4,9571
PAN_FISTULA <0.001
Biochemical Leak 77 (1.3%) 0 (0%) 77 (1.6%)
ISGPS Grade B 932 (16%) 932 (92%) 0 (0%)
ISGPS Grade C 86 (1.4%) 86 (8.4%) 0 (0%)
No Fistula 4,880 (82%) 0 (0%) 4,880 (98%)
Age 66.00 (58.00, 73.00) 66.00 (58.00, 72.00) 66.00 (58.00, 73.00) 0.10
SEX <0.001
female 2,881 (48%) 430 (42%) 2,451 (49%)
male 3,094 (52%) 588 (58%) 2,506 (51%)
BMI 26.52 (23.33, 30.37) 27.97 (24.67, 31.71) 26.21 (23.08, 29.95) <0.001
RACE_NEW 0.022
Black 499 (9.2%) 63 (6.9%) 436 (9.6%)
Other 303 (5.6%) 46 (5.0%) 257 (5.7%)
White 4,643 (85%) 803 (88%) 3,840 (85%)
Unknown 530 106 424
PAN_GLANDTEXT <0.001
Hard 1,918 (40%) 144 (17%) 1,774 (44%)
Intermediate 580 (12%) 80 (9.6%) 500 (13%)
Soft 2,321 (48%) 608 (73%) 1,713 (43%)
Unknown 1,156 186 970
PAN_DUCTSIZE <0.001
<3 mm 1,488 (30%) 380 (44%) 1,108 (27%)
>6 mm 752 (15%) 73 (8.5%) 679 (16%)
3-6 mm 2,782 (55%) 405 (47%) 2,377 (57%)
Unknown 953 160 793
DIABETES 1,572 (26%) 215 (21%) 1,357 (27%) <0.001
PAN_CHEMO 1,032 (17%) 102 (10%) 930 (19%) <0.001
Unknown 19 1 18
PAN_RADIO 343 (5.8%) 32 (3.1%) 311 (6.3%) <0.001
Unknown 24 2 22
PAN_MALIG_HISTOLOGIC
Ampullary carcinoma 478 (11%) 119 (17%) 359 (9.6%)
Cystadenocarcinoma 1 (<0.1%) 0 (0%) 1 (<0.1%)
Distal cholangiocarcinoma 167 (3.8%) 42 (5.9%) 125 (3.4%)
Duodenal carcinoma 126 (2.8%) 24 (3.4%) 102 (2.7%)
IPMN-invasive 121 (2.7%) 21 (3.0%) 100 (2.7%)
Neuroendocrine-functioning 58 (1.3%) 23 (3.2%) 35 (0.9%)
Neuroendocrine-nonfunctioning 306 (6.9%) 89 (13%) 217 (5.8%)
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma 3,181 (72%) 392 (55%) 2,789 (75%)
Unknown 1,537 308 1,229
ASACLAS 0.53
I-II 1,316 (22%) 216 (21%) 1,100 (22%)
III-IV 4,656 (78%) 801 (79%) 3,855 (78%)
Unknown 3 1 2
DOpertoD 86 (1.4%) 21 (2.1%) 65 (1.3%) 0.091
DPRBILI 8.00 (4.00, 16.00) 8.00 (4.00, 16.00) 8.00 (4.00, 16.00) 0.29
Unknown 226 41 185
SeriousComplication 1,422 (24%) 611 (60%) 811 (16%) <0.001
AnyComplication 1,672 (28%) 652 (64%) 1,020 (21%) <0.001
CPT 0.36
48153 5,780 (97%) 990 (97%) 4,790 (97%)
48154 195 (3.3%) 28 (2.8%) 167 (3.4%)
ChemoOnly 708 (12%) 70 (6.9%) 638 (13%) <0.001
Unknown 27 2 25

1 Statistics presented: n (%); Median (IQR)

2 Statistical tests performed: chi-square test of independence; Wilcoxon rank-sum test