INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this document is to perform an analysis on universities within the state of Ohio and how they compare to other regional and national schools.The data is drawn from the US Department of Education which collects data on institutions of higher education and includes statistics such as Average Test Score, Admission Rates and Average Family Income.

The analysis I will be conducting will be useful in better understanding the types of Institutions in Ohio and how this contributes to how they are run.

PACKAGES USED

Package Description
tidyverse The tidyverse collection of packages
lubridate Easy date formatting
DT Javascript enabled data tables
stringr For ease of working with strings
viridis For visualization color palettes
tidyr To help create tidy data
dplyr To help with data manipulation
pander For creating tables
RColorBrewer For visualization color palettes

VARIABLES

Variable Description
ID Unique ID for institution
INSTNM Institution name
CITY City
STABBR State postcode
ZIP ZIP code
CONTROL Control of institution
LOCALE Locale of institution
LATITUDE Latitude
LONGITUDE Longitude
HBCU Flag for Historically Black College and University
MENONLY Flag for men-only college
WOMENONLY Flag for women-only college
ADM_RATE Admission rate
ACTCM25 25th percentile of the ACT cumulative score
ACTCM75 75th percentile of the ACT cumulative score
ACTCMMID Midpoint of the ACT cumulative score
SAT_AVG Average SAT equivalent score of students admitted
UGDS Enrollment of undergraduate certificate/degree-seeking students
COSTT4_A Average cost of attendance (academic year institutions)
AVGFACSAL Average faculty salary
PCTPELL Percentage of undergraduates who receive a Pell Grant
PCTFLOAN Percent of all undergraduate students receiving a federal student loan
AGE_ENTRY Average age of entry
FEMALE Share of female students
MARRIED Share of married students
DEPENDENT Share of dependent students
VETERAN Share of veteran students
FIRST_GEN Share of first-generation students
FAMINC Average family income in real 2015 dollars

SUMMARY TABLE

## # A tibble: 1 x 6
##   `Avg ACT Score` `Std Deviation ~ `Avg SAT Score` `Std Deviation ~
##             <dbl>            <dbl>           <dbl>            <dbl>
## 1            25.8             3.65           1132.             130.
## # ... with 2 more variables: `Avg Entry Age` <dbl>, n <int>

SUMMARY STATISTICS

Average ACT75 Score Std Deviation of the ACT75 Average SAT Score Std Deviation of the SAT Average Entry Age
25.81502 3.649728 1131.774 130.104 26.00699

These statistics will help better understand the analysis of the regional and national institutions.

Number of Regional Institutions

The bar chart shows the number of institutions in Ohio and its border states. Ohio comes second after Pennsylvania in terms of states with the highest number of insitutions while West Virginia records the lowest number of Institutions.

Relationship between Tuition Charged and Average Family Income

Students from families that earn higher income generally attend colleges that have higher tuition rates as shown by the chart.

Undergraduate Enrollment at the three Institution Types

The bar chart clearly shows that most students enroll at Public Universities as opposed to Private nonprofit and for profit Colleges and Universities.

Average Family Income vs Test Score in regional institutions

Students from homes with higher Average Family Income tended to score better on the ACT compared to students from lower income families. This is generally the same across all states except West Virginia which generally recorded lower ACT scores.

HBCUs, Women only and Men Only institutions in the region

In terms of HBCUs, Men Only and Women Only institutions, Ohio has about 1% of these institutions compared to institutions within the region. Indiana records the highest number of Men Only institutions, Kentucky has the highest number of Women Only institutions and West Virginia has the highest number of HBCUs.All the states generally record low numbers of these types of colleges and universities.

Do private schools cost more than public schools?

Private schools cost more than public schools but this depends on the type of private school. The bar chart shows that Private nonprofit schools are more expensive whereas private for profit schools cost even less than public colleges.

How does Xavier University compare within Ohio and Nationally in terms of Average Family Income?

NATIONAL COMPARISON

XAVIER IN OHIO

Xavier ranks 68th out of 7,115 schools nationally for Average Family Income. In Ohio, Xavier Ranks 4th out of 318 schools.

Cost of attendance in Ohio and bordering states

From the box plot, we can see that most colleges in Ohio don’t charge tuition above $40,000. The cost of attending college in Indiana and Pennsylvania is higher compared to the other states. West Virginia charges the least amount of tuition compared to the other states.

Types of schools with the highest and lowest Pell Grant recipients

A Pell Grant is a subsidy the U.S. federal government provides for students who need it to pay for college. Federal Pell Grants are limited to students with financial need, who have not earned their first bachelor’s degree, or who are enrolled in certain post-baccalaureate programs, through participating institutions.

SCHOOLS WITH HIGHEST PROPORTION OF PELL GRANT RECIPIENTS

SCHOOLS WITH LOWEST PROPORTION OF PELL GRANT RECIPIENTS

The Private for profit and non profit colleges have the highest percentages of students receiving Pell Grants whereas Public colleges have the lowest percentage of students receiving Pell Grants. we can also see that Institutions that do not have Pell Grant recipients are also Private for profit and non profit colleges.

Relationship between wealth, depedency and age of entry

The Average Age of Entry according to the data is 26 years. Given this information, the data table shows that wealthier student families from institutions with high dependency rates have a lower average age of entry. From the data table, most students’ age of entry is 19.

Relatioship between tuition charged and Average Faculty Salary.

Institutions that charge higher tuition also have higher faculty salaries. However it appears that institutions that charge tuition between $0 and about $40,000 generally have the same Average Faculty Salary.

Relationship between Tuition and Pell Grants

There seems to be a negative relationship between Tuition charged and share of Pell grants received. Institutions with higher tuition amounts have a lower share of students receiving Pell Grants while Institutions with lower tuition rates have a higher share of students receiving Pell Grants.

Relationship between Family Income and Federal Loan Recipients

From the chart we see that institutions that have the lowest share of Federal Loan Recipients as well as those that have the largest share of Federal Loan Recipients have students that come from low average family income homes. This might also show that the share of Federal Loan Recipients does not necessarily depend on the Average Family Income.

One vs All: Comparison of the Xaviers

Xavier University of Louisiana is located in New Orleans Louisiana and is designated as a Historically Black College and University. Xavier University of Louisiana has a smaller Undergraduate population compared to Xavier University. Both Xavier University and Xavier University of Louisiana are Private nonprofit universities. All the Xaviers are located within or near Large Cities.

What is the relationship between Institution Type and Tuition charge in the region?

Private nonprofit institutions charge higher tuition compared to public and Private for-profit institutions. Pennsylvania has the highest number of private nonprofit institutions so it would be most expensive to go to college in Pennsylvania.

How does admission rate compare to tuition charged?

From the scatter plot, we see that the institutions that charge the highest tuition are highly selective, while those that charge a lower tuition are less selective. There are however schools that charge lower tuition but are also highly selective.