PRACTICA CALIFICADA BIVARIADA

Parte 2 (Indice de democracia)

Carga de datos

Link="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index"
Path='//*[@id="mw-content-text"]/div[1]/table[2]'
Idemocracia=htmltab::htmltab(Link,Path)

Revisamos los nombres

names(Idemocracia)

##  [1] "Rank >> Rank"                                                    
##  [2] "Country >> Country"                                              
##  [3] "Score >> Score"                                                  
##  [4] "Electoral processand pluralism >> Electoral processand pluralism"
##  [5] "Functio­ning ofgovern­ment >> Functio­ning ofgovern­ment"        
##  [6] "Politicalpartici­pation >> Politicalpartici­pation"              
##  [7] "Politicalculture >> Politicalculture"                            
##  [8] "Civilliberties >> Civilliberties"                                
##  [9] "Regimetype >> Regimetype"                                        
## [10] "Region >> Region"                                                
## [11] "Changes fromlast year >> Changes fromlast year"

Eliminamos columnas

Idemocracia=Idemocracia[,-c(1,3,11)]

Cambiamos nombres

names(Idemocracia)=c("country","elec","funct","partic","cult","civil",
                     "regime","region")

Covertimos a numericos

str(Idemocracia)

## 'data.frame':    167 obs. of  8 variables:
##  $ country: chr  " Norway" " Iceland" " Sweden" " New Zealand" ...
##  $ elec   : chr  "10.00" "10.00" "9.58" "10.00" ...
##  $ funct  : chr  "9.64" "9.29" "9.64" "9.29" ...
##  $ partic : chr  "10.00" "8.89" "8.33" "8.89" ...
##  $ cult   : chr  "10.00" "10.00" "10.00" "8.13" ...
##  $ civil  : chr  "9.71" "9.71" "9.41" "10.00" ...
##  $ regime : chr  "Full democracy" "Full democracy" "Full democracy" "Full democracy" ...
##  $ region : chr  "Western Europe" "Western Europe" "Western Europe" "Asia & Australasia" ...

Idemocracia[,2:6]=lapply(Idemocracia[,2:6],as.numeric)

Pregunta 3

fcul=formula(cult ~ region)
aggregate(fcul, Idemocracia, mean)

##                       region     cult
## 1         Asia & Australasia 5.493571
## 2             Eastern Europe 4.935357
## 3              Latin America 5.262917
## 4 Middle East & North Africa 4.753000
## 5              North America 8.440000
## 6         Sub-Saharan Africa 5.230227
## 7             Western Europe 8.097143

Respuesta: el promedio del indicador de cultura política de Europa Occidental NO esta por debajo de otras regiones.

Pregunta 4

ffunc=formula(funct ~ cult)
aggregate(ffunc, Idemocracia, mean)

##     cult    funct
## 1   1.25 2.500000
## 2   1.88 0.000000
## 3   2.50 3.107500
## 4   3.13 2.960000
## 5   3.75 3.168182
## 6   4.38 3.561724
## 7   5.00 3.500741
## 8   5.63 4.802333
## 9   6.25 5.265294
## 10  6.88 6.114167
## 11  7.50 7.285833
## 12  8.13 8.125000
## 13  8.75 8.858000
## 14  9.38 9.406667
## 15 10.00 9.107500

library(ggpubr)

## Loading required package: ggplot2

p1=ggscatter(Idemocracia, 
          x = "funct", y = "cult",
          cor.coef = TRUE, 
          cor.method = "pearson") # spearman?

p1

Respuesta: Pearson

Pregunta 5

fcul2=formula(cult ~ partic)
aggregate(fcul2, Idemocracia, mean)

##    partic      cult
## 1    1.11  1.880000
## 2    1.67  4.376667
## 3    2.22  4.376667
## 4    2.78  4.436364
## 5    3.33  4.666154
## 6    3.89  4.810769
## 7    4.44  5.291538
## 8    5.00  5.210667
## 9    5.56  5.544000
## 10   6.11  5.579615
## 11   6.67  6.081364
## 12   7.22  5.004000
## 13   7.78  7.581250
## 14   8.33  8.215714
## 15   8.89  8.376000
## 16  10.00 10.000000

library(ggpubr)
p1=ggscatter(Idemocracia, 
          x = "cult", y = "partic",
          cor.coef = TRUE, 
          cor.method = "pearson") # spearman?

p1

Respuesta: el coeficiente de correlacion entre ‘cultura politica’ y ‘participacion politica’ es de 0.6