1123_Homework Exercise 2
Pei-Yun,Li
2020-11-29
1 Description
The Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) is an large scale international assessment of reading literacy of young students. For this problem, the data set is the PIRLS 2006 data from only the United States. The question of interest is to predict “enjoy reading” categorical responses from the other co-variates.
Source: PIRLS 2006
Column 1: Reading score
Column 2: School ID
Column 3: Gender ID, 1 = Female, 0 = Male
Column 4: US born, 1 = Yes, 0 = No
Column 5: Watch TV, 1 = no time, 2 = up to 1 hour, 3 = 1-3 hours, 4 = 3-5 hours, 5 = 5 hours or more
Column 6: Economically disadvantaged, > 50%, 26 - 50%, 11 - 25%, < 10%
Column 7: The response to a statement “I enjoy reading”, 1 = disagree a lot, 2 = disagree a little, 3 = agree a little, 4 = agree a lot
2 load or install packages to be used
3 Input Data
dta2 <- read.table("C:/Users/HANK/Desktop/HOMEWORK/pirls_us.txt", h=T)
names(dta2) <- c("School", "Gender", "US", "TVtime", "Economic", "Reading", "Enjoy")
dta2 <- dta2 %>%
mutate(School = factor(School),
Gender = factor(Gender,
levels=0:1,
labels=c("Male","Female")),
US = factor(US),
TVtime = factor(TVtime,
levels=1:5,
labels=c("no time",
"up to 1 hour",
"1-3 hours",
"3-5 hours",
"5 hours or more")),
Economic = factor(Economic,
levels = c(">50%",
"26-50",
"11-25",
"<10%")),
Enjoy = factor(Enjoy, levels = 1:4))
head(dta2)## School Gender US TVtime Economic Reading Enjoy
## 1 1 Male 1 1-3 hours <10% 547.0412 1
## 2 1 Male 1 3-5 hours <10% 545.9297 2
## 3 1 Male 1 3-5 hours <10% 587.8460 2
## 4 1 Female 1 1-3 hours <10% 450.8517 2
## 5 1 Male 1 no time <10% 525.2201 3
## 6 1 Male 1 no time <10% 555.4918 3## Enjoy 1 2 3 4
## US Gender
## 0 Male 41 19 58 84
## Female 9 13 31 103
## 1 Male 332 230 589 943
## Female 155 186 487 1334## Enjoy 1 2 3 4
## US Economic
## 0 >50% 30 13 50 112
## 26-50 10 8 22 30
## 11-25 5 4 3 15
## <10% 5 7 14 30
## 1 >50% 214 188 439 891
## 26-50 114 95 246 541
## 11-25 60 36 125 293
## <10% 99 97 266 552## Enjoy 1 2 3 4
## US Economic TVtime
## 0 >50% no time 18 7 17 34
## up to 1 hour 1 0 10 11
## 1-3 hours 5 2 14 28
## 3-5 hours 5 4 8 32
## 5 hours or more 1 0 1 7
## 26-50 no time 8 3 6 8
## up to 1 hour 0 2 2 7
## 1-3 hours 2 1 10 10
## 3-5 hours 0 2 4 3
## 5 hours or more 0 0 0 2
## 11-25 no time 4 1 0 4
## up to 1 hour 1 0 1 2
## 1-3 hours 0 2 2 4
## 3-5 hours 0 1 0 4
## 5 hours or more 0 0 0 1
## <10% no time 2 2 3 5
## up to 1 hour 0 1 4 3
## 1-3 hours 2 3 3 12
## 3-5 hours 1 1 4 9
## 5 hours or more 0 0 0 1
## 1 >50% no time 119 73 140 268
## up to 1 hour 26 39 85 126
## 1-3 hours 31 45 135 239
## 3-5 hours 30 28 65 224
## 5 hours or more 8 3 14 34
## 26-50 no time 54 29 71 125
## up to 1 hour 19 24 39 83
## 1-3 hours 24 23 83 162
## 3-5 hours 15 18 51 145
## 5 hours or more 2 1 2 26
## 11-25 no time 24 10 27 55
## up to 1 hour 11 7 27 41
## 1-3 hours 13 10 47 130
## 3-5 hours 8 8 21 59
## 5 hours or more 4 1 3 8
## <10% no time 44 23 61 73
## up to 1 hour 15 21 59 81
## 1-3 hours 20 30 80 221
## 3-5 hours 14 20 61 147
## 5 hours or more 6 3 5 30barplot(with(dta2, prop.table(table(Enjoy, US), m=2)), beside=T, legend=T, args.legend=list(x="topleft", cex=.5))
4 GLMM
m0 <- ordinal::clmm(Enjoy ~ Gender + US + Reading + (1 | School) + (1 | TVtime) + (1 | Economic), data = dta2)## Warning: Using formula(x) is deprecated when x is a character vector of length > 1.
## Consider formula(paste(x, collapse = " ")) instead.## Warning: (2) Model is nearly unidentifiable: very large eigenvalue
## - Rescale variables?
## In addition: Absolute and relative convergence criteria were met## Cumulative Link Mixed Model fitted with the Laplace approximation
##
## formula: Enjoy ~ Gender + US + Reading + (1 | School) + (1 | TVtime) +
## (1 | Economic)
## data: dta2
##
## link threshold nobs logLik AIC niter max.grad cond.H
## logit flexible 4614 -5095.06 10208.13 599(1850) 2.82e-01 4.9e+06
##
## Random effects:
## Groups Name Variance Std.Dev.
## School (Intercept) 0.166974 0.40863
## TVtime (Intercept) 0.093257 0.30538
## Economic (Intercept) 0.003375 0.05809
## Number of groups: School 180, TVtime 5, Economic 4
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
## GenderFemale 0.6984740 0.0593244 11.774 <2e-16 ***
## US1 -0.1629514 0.1117947 -1.458 0.145
## Reading 0.0058490 0.0004666 12.535 <2e-16 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Threshold coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error z value
## 1|2 1.0564 0.3011 3.509
## 2|3 1.8456 0.3015 6.122
## 3|4 3.1448 0.3041 10.343