This analysis includes data published by Zakupki.gov.kg and downloaded through their API on November 13, 2020.
The data includes 198725 contracting procedures, from the planning, tender, award and contract stages. The full coverage is detailed in the tables below:
| path | occurences | ocid_coverage |
|---|---|---|
| planning | 60231 | 30.3 |
| tender | 198725 | 100.0 |
| awards | 94053 | 47.3 |
| contracts | 67203 | 33.8 |
| path | distinct_releases |
|---|---|
| awards | 94053 |
| awards/date | 92760 |
| awards/id | 94053 |
| awards/relatedBid | 92761 |
| awards/relatedLots | 94053 |
| awards/status | 94053 |
| awards/value | 94053 |
| awards/value/amount | 94053 |
| awards/value/currency | 94053 |
| bids | 107011 |
| bids/details | 107011 |
| bids/details/date | 107011 |
| bids/details/id | 107011 |
| bids/details/priceProposal | 106963 |
| bids/details/priceProposal/id | 106963 |
| bids/details/priceProposal/relatedItem | 106963 |
| bids/details/priceProposal/relatedLot | 106963 |
| bids/details/priceProposal/unit | 106963 |
| bids/details/priceProposal/unit/value | 106963 |
| bids/details/priceProposal/unit/value/amount | 106963 |
| bids/details/priceProposal/unit/value/currency | 106963 |
| bids/details/relatedLots | 106963 |
| bids/details/relatedLots/id | 106963 |
| bids/details/relatedLots/value | 106963 |
| bids/details/relatedLots/value/amount | 106963 |
| bids/details/relatedLots/value/currency | 106963 |
| bids/details/relatedLots/value/initialAmount | 106963 |
| bids/details/status | 107011 |
| bids/details/tenderers | 107011 |
| bids/details/tenderers/id | 107011 |
| complaints | 2217 |
| complaints/author | 2217 |
| complaints/author/id | 2217 |
| complaints/complaintNumber | 2215 |
| complaints/dateSubmitted | 2217 |
| complaints/description | 2217 |
| complaints/documents | 2217 |
| complaints/documents/id | 2217 |
| complaints/id | 2217 |
| complaints/resolution | 1654 |
| complaints/responseDate | 1541 |
| complaints/reviewDate | 2108 |
| complaints/status | 2217 |
| complaints/title | 633 |
| complaints/type | 1681 |
| contracts | 67203 |
| contracts/awardIDs | 67203 |
| contracts/contractNumber | 67203 |
| contracts/dateSigned | 67203 |
| contracts/deliveriesSchedule | 1292 |
| contracts/deliveriesSchedule/deliveryAddress | 1292 |
| contracts/deliveriesSchedule/deliveryConditions | 1292 |
| contracts/deliveriesSchedule/deliveryEndDate | 1292 |
| contracts/deliveriesSchedule/deliveryStartDate | 1292 |
| contracts/id | 67203 |
| contracts/paymentsSchedule | 1292 |
| contracts/paymentsSchedule/paymentCondition | 1292 |
| contracts/paymentsSchedule/paymentDate | 1292 |
| contracts/paymentsSchedule/paymentDueDate | 1292 |
| contracts/paymentsSchedule/paymentType | 1292 |
| contracts/value | 67203 |
| contracts/value/amount | 67203 |
| contracts/value/amountDiscounted | 64395 |
| contracts/value/currency | 67203 |
| date | 198725 |
| id | 198725 |
| initiationType | 198725 |
| ocid | 198725 |
| parties | 198725 |
| parties/address | 198725 |
| parties/address/ateCode | 198724 |
| parties/address/countryName | 198725 |
| parties/address/district | 151406 |
| parties/address/locality | 103466 |
| parties/address/region | 198724 |
| parties/address/streetAddress | 198725 |
| parties/address/subdistrict | 125260 |
| tender/items/id | 198641 |
| parties/address/subregion | 151406 |
| parties/id | 198725 |
| parties/identifier | 198725 |
| parties/identifier/id | 198725 |
| parties/identifier/legalName | 198725 |
| parties/identifier/legalName_kg | 83 |
| parties/identifier/scheme | 198725 |
| parties/roles | 198725 |
| planning | 60231 |
| planning/budget | 60231 |
| planning/budget/description | 60231 |
| planning/budget/id | 60231 |
| planning/budget/value | 60231 |
| planning/budget/value/amount | 60231 |
| planning/rationale | 60231 |
| relatedProcesses | 17886 |
| relatedProcesses/id | 17886 |
| relatedProcesses/identifier | 16997 |
| relatedProcesses/relationship | 17886 |
| relatedProcesses/scheme | 17886 |
| relatedProcesses/tenderNumber | 16997 |
| tag | 198725 |
| tender | 198725 |
| tender/conditionOfContract | 195658 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/acceptancePaymentPercent | 137483 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/guaranteePercent | 192204 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasAcceptancePayment | 188856 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasArbitralTribunal | 195658 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasGuarantee | 164315 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasInsurance | 105967 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasPrepayment | 183037 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasRelatedServices | 159184 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasShipmentPayment | 119886 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasSpares | 104574 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/hasTechnicalControl | 165631 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/id | 195658 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/insuranceType | 4489 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/lateDeliveryRate | 192627 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/lateGuaranteeRate | 61924 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/latePaymentRate | 191046 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/maxDeductibleAmountDelivery | 192312 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/maxDeductibleAmountGuarantee | 61678 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/maxDeductibleAmountPayment | 190828 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/prepaymentPercent | 28642 |
| tender/conditionOfContract/shipmentPaymentPercent | 4713 |
| tender/date | 198725 |
| tender/datePublished | 198725 |
| tender/documents | 147566 |
| tender/documents/id | 147566 |
| tender/documents/relatedItems | 90841 |
| tender/documents/relatedLots | 22147 |
| tender/documents/title | 147566 |
| tender/enquiries | 4122 |
| tender/enquiries/answer | 3299 |
| tender/enquiries/author | 4122 |
| tender/enquiries/author/id | 4122 |
| tender/enquiries/date | 4122 |
| tender/enquiries/dateAnswered | 3280 |
| tender/enquiries/description | 4122 |
| tender/enquiries/id | 4122 |
| tender/enquiryPeriod | 109189 |
| tender/enquiryPeriod/endDate | 109189 |
| tender/enquiryPeriod/startDate | 109189 |
| tender/guarantee | 49110 |
| tender/guarantee/amount | 49110 |
| tender/guarantee/monetary | 49093 |
| tender/hasExternalSystem | 197433 |
| tender/hasPrequalification | 198725 |
| tender/id | 198725 |
| tender/items | 198641 |
| tender/items/classification | 198641 |
| tender/items/classification/description | 198641 |
| tender/items/classification/id | 198641 |
| tender/items/classification/scheme | 198641 |
| tender/items/quantity | 198641 |
| tender/items/relatedLot | 198641 |
| tender/items/unit | 198641 |
| tender/items/unit/id | 198641 |
| tender/items/unit/name | 198641 |
| tender/items/unit/value | 198641 |
| tender/items/unit/value/amount | 198618 |
| tender/items/unit/value/currency | 198641 |
| tender/lots | 198646 |
| tender/lots/deliveryAddress | 197354 |
| tender/lots/deliveryDateDetails | 197354 |
| tender/lots/deliveryTerms | 84239 |
| tender/lots/id | 198646 |
| tender/lots/lotNumber | 197326 |
| tender/lots/relatedPlanID | 60231 |
| tender/lots/status | 198646 |
| tender/lots/title | 197354 |
| tender/lots/value | 198646 |
| tender/lots/value/amount | 198646 |
| tender/lots/value/currency | 198646 |
| tender/mainProcurementCategory | 197433 |
| tender/procurementMethod | 198725 |
| tender/procurementMethodDetails | 198725 |
| tender/procurementMethodRationale | 93783 |
| tender/procurementSubMethodDetails | 198725 |
| tender/qualificationRequirements | 197410 |
| tender/qualificationRequirements/id | 197410 |
| tender/qualificationRequirements/type | 197410 |
| tender/qualificationRequirements/typeDetails | 197410 |
| tender/status | 198725 |
| tender/statusDetails | 198725 |
| tender/tenderNumber | 198725 |
| tender/tenderPeriod | 197433 |
| tender/tenderPeriod/endDate | 197433 |
| tender/tenderPeriod/startDate | 197433 |
| tender/title | 197433 |
| tender/value | 198711 |
| tender/value/amount | 198711 |
| tender/value/currency | 198711 |
Procurement indicators to describe the market, assess competition, supplier performance and efficiency can be calculated with the published data. You can check our full guidance on procurement indicators in this document. Below there is a summary of procurement indicators that can be calculated with the data, and the fields needed:
| indicator | use case | fields needed |
|---|---|---|
| Tenders by procurement category | Market description | tender/mainProcurementCategory |
| Tenders by items procured | Market description | tender/items/classification/id, tender/items/classification/scheme, tender/items/classification/description |
| Number of suppliers | Market description | parties/identifier/id, parties/identifier/legalName, parties/roles |
| Top entities by value awarded | Market description | awards/value/currency, awards/value/amount, parties/identifier/id, parties/identifier/legalName, parties/roles |
| Tenders by procurement method | Competition | tender/procurementMethod |
| Average number of tenderers | Competition | tender/procurementMethod, parties/identifier/id, parties/roles |
| Single bid tenders | Competition | tender/procurementMethod, tender/tenderers/id, parties/identifier/id, parties/roles |
| Unique suppliers by entitiy | Competition | parties/identifier/id, parties/identifier/legalName, parties/roles |
| Top suppliers | Supplier performance | parties/identifier/id, parties/identifier/legalName, parties/roles, awards/value/currency, awards/value/amount |
| Suppliers per items | Supplier performance | parties/identifier/id, parties/identifier/legalName, parties/roles, tender/items/classification/id, tender/items/classification/description, tender/items/classification/scheme |
| Success rate of tenderers | Supplier performance | parties/identifier/id, parties/identifier/legalName, parties/roles |
| Share of single bid awards by supplier | Supplier performance | parties/identifier/id, parties/identifier/legalName, parties/roles, tender/procurementMethod |
| Share of direct awards by supplier | Supplier performance | parties/identifier/id, parties/identifier/legalName, parties/roles, tender/procurementMethod |
| Duration of the tendering period | Efficiency | tender/tenderPeriod/endDate, tender/tenderPeriod/startDate |
| Duration of the decision period | Efficiency | tender/tenderPeriod/endDate, awards/date |
| Proportion of cancelled tenders | Efficiency | tender/status |
| Proportion of contracts with savings and overruns | Efficiency | awards/value/amount, awards/value/currency, tender/value/amount, tender/value/currency, contracts/value/amount, contracts/value/currency |
| Location of the suppliers and procuring entities | Geographical information | parties/roles, parties/identifier/scheme, parties/identifier/id, parties/address/streetAddress, parties/address/region |
Unit prices are provided for the tender items, including information on the quantity, the unit, value amount and the classification scheme of the items.
The table below shows the average unit price for the 30 items that were procured more frequently.
| classification_id | classification_description | average_unit_price | different_prices | times_procured |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 33781000-6 | Хозяйственные товары | 19590.6 | 3134 | 20817 |
| 44110000-4 | Строительные материалы | 27490.9 | 2921 | 19701 |
| 09132600-2 | Бензин АИ-92 | 1868.6 | 726 | 14065 |
| 30192700-8 | Канцелярские товары | 18470.9 | 2512 | 13680 |
| 15893100-5 | Продукты питания | 93673.4 | 3703 | 11485 |
| 45218000-3 | Ремонтно-строительные работы зданий | 618070.6 | 4938 | 8247 |
| 33680000-0 | Фармацевтическая продукция | 4413.2 | 1139 | 6881 |
| 09111100-1 | Уголь | 10003.3 | 637 | 6443 |
| 22811300-9 | Бланки | 5663.8 | 459 | 6258 |
| 44192000-2 | Прочие строительные материалы | 25739.6 | 1126 | 6211 |
| 22811000-6 | Бланочная продукция | 7714.3 | 603 | 5602 |
| 44810000-1 | Краски | 1260.9 | 421 | 5596 |
| 09134200-9 | Дизельное топливо | 4156.8 | 422 | 5442 |
| 33696500-0 | Лабораторные реактивы | 5097.9 | 652 | 5440 |
| 33140000-3 | Медицинские расходные материалы | 9153.7 | 782 | 5390 |
| 33300025-3 | Изделия медицинского назначения | 6475.8 | 666 | 5290 |
| 44111000-1 | Материалы для строительных работ | 34128.8 | 1147 | 5020 |
| 09132500-1 | Бензин АИ-80 | 2064.9 | 309 | 4559 |
| 15831000-2 | Сахар | 257.8 | 110 | 4120 |
| 30192000-1 | Канцелярские принадлежности | 12627.6 | 839 | 4039 |
| 34913000-0 | Различные запасные части | 30903.5 | 982 | 4036 |
| 336221712-1 | Лекарственные средства различных групп | 6929.4 | 733 | 3836 |
| 15872400-5 | Соль | 1010.7 | 104 | 3758 |
| 03221112-4 | Морковь | 35.9 | 74 | 3675 |
| 22113000-5 | Библиотечные книги | 10085.1 | 873 | 3618 |
| 33141310-6 | Шприцы | 393.1 | 274 | 3616 |
| 30125100-2 | Тонер-картриджи | 6665.0 | 444 | 3608 |
| 15411300-9 | Сливочное масло | 461.5 | 178 | 3566 |
| 44111200-3 | Цемент | 2218.0 | 251 | 3543 |
| 03221113-1 | Лук | 22.0 | 87 | 3512 |
This allows for comparissons of price changes on the same item. The plot below shows the different unit prices by date for medical masks (Маска 3-х слойная, на завязках):
While these purchases might refer to the same item, there could be differences in the packaging or units
The dataset also provides information on the bids received for each tender/lot and item. For instance, analyzing bid prices, we found that in 77% of the items the winning bid had a lower price than the tender unit price for that item. Also in 40% of the cases with more than one bid, the winning bid was the one with the lower price.
| price diffence | proportion |
|---|---|
| higher price | 5.8 |
| lower price | 76.9 |
| same price | 17.3 |
| Winning bid price | proportion |
|---|---|
| different price | 60.2 |
| lower price | 39.8 |
Finally, individual bid prices can be analyzed to search for suspicious patterns that might signal collusive behaviour. Two metrics that can be calculated are the relative price range and the relative standard deviation of individual bid prices per tender/lot/item. The idea behind these metrics is that extreme or unusual offer price distributions are found to signal collusion by academic literature. The plots below illustrate these indicators. observqations located in the extremes of the distribution (in red) are those considered suspicious since their price distributions are too close to each other or too far apart which can indicate non competitive behaviour.
The dataset has structured data about the qualification requirements for potential bidders. In total 99.3% of the tenders had qualification requirements.
The types of requirements are listed in the table below; while some requirements are necessary in most of the tenders (Участники конкурса должны выполнить свои обязательства по уплате налогов в Кыргызской Республике, the requirement to pay taxes in Kyrgyzs Republic), others are less frequent (Информация о субподрядных организациях, provide information about subcontractors).
On average, tenders have 4.1 requirements, but they can range from 1 to 16.
| requirement_type | number_of_tenders |
|---|---|
| Участники конкурса должны выполнить свои обязательства по уплате налогов в Кыргызской Республике | 197343 |
| Участники конкурса должны выполнить свои обязательства по уплате других обязательных платежей в Кыргызской Республике | 197340 |
| Документ определяющий юридический статус и место регистрации | 104983 |
| Сведения о наличии выполнения аналогичных договоров (услуг) | 94035 |
| Другое требование | 74626 |
| Документ определяющий основной вид деятельности | 59364 |
| Лицензия, выданная уполномоченным органом | 43555 |
| Бухгалтерский баланс со всеми приложениями | 30055 |
| Квалификация и опыт руководителя и ключевых сотрудников участника конкурса | 10364 |
| Сведения об общем объеме услуг, выполненные участником конкурса | 8944 |
| Основные виды оборудования и механизмов для выполнения услуг | 8214 |
| Сведения о судебных и арбитражных разбирательствах | 8194 |
| Сведения о доступе к финансовым ресурсам (денежная наличность, кредитные линии и т. д.) | 4566 |
| Аудиторский отчет | 935 |
| Сведения о наличии выполнения работ в качестве генподрядчика | 895 |
| Информация о субподрядных организациях | 557 |